agent.go

package agent

import (
	"fmt"
	"io"
	"log"
	"net"
	"os"
	"path/filepath"
	"runtime"
	"strconv"
	"strings"
	"sync"
	"sync/atomic"
	"time"

	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/client"
	clientconfig "github.com/hashicorp/nomad/client/config"
	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/command/agent/consul"
	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/nomad"
	"github.com/hashicorp/nomad/nomad/structs"
)

const (
	clientHttpCheckInterval = 10 * time.Second
	clientHttpCheckTimeout  = 3 * time.Second
	serverHttpCheckInterval = 10 * time.Second
	serverHttpCheckTimeout  = 6 * time.Second
	serverRpcCheckInterval  = 10 * time.Second
	serverRpcCheckTimeout   = 3 * time.Second
	serverSerfCheckInterval = 10 * time.Second
	serverSerfCheckTimeout  = 3 * time.Second
)

// Agent is a long running daemon that is used to run both
// clients and servers. Servers are responsible for managing
// state and making scheduling decisions. Clients can be
// scheduled to, and are responsible for interfacing with
// servers to run allocations.
type Agent struct {
	config    *Config
	logger    *log.Logger
	logOutput io.Writer

	// consulSyncer registers the Nomad agent with the Consul Agent
	consulSyncer *consul.Syncer

	client *client.Client

	server *nomad.Server

	shutdown     bool
	shutdownCh   chan struct{}
	shutdownLock sync.Mutex
}

// NewAgent is used to create a new agent with the given configuration
func NewAgent(config *Config, logOutput io.Writer) (*Agent, error) {
	a := &Agent{
		config:     config,
		logger:     log.New(logOutput, "", log.LstdFlags|log.Lmicroseconds),
		logOutput:  logOutput,
		shutdownCh: make(chan struct{}),
	}

	if err := a.setupConsulSyncer(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to initialize Consul syncer task: %v", err)
	}
	if err := a.setupServer(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if err := a.setupClient(); err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	if a.client == nil && a.server == nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("must have at least client or server mode enabled")
	}

	// The Nomad Agent runs the consul.Syncer regardless of whether or not the
	// Agent is running in Client or Server mode (or both), and regardless of
	// the consul.auto_advertise parameter. The Client and Server both reuse the
	// same consul.Syncer instance. This Syncer task periodically executes
	// callbacks that update Consul. The reason the Syncer is always running is
	// because one of the callbacks is attempts to self-bootstrap Nomad using
	// information found in Consul.
	go a.consulSyncer.Run()

	return a, nil
}

// serverConfig is used to generate a new server configuration struct
// for initializing a nomad server.
func (a *Agent) serverConfig() (*nomad.Config, error) {
	conf := a.config.NomadConfig
	if conf == nil {
		conf = nomad.DefaultConfig()
	}
	conf.LogOutput = a.logOutput
	conf.DevMode = a.config.DevMode
	conf.Build = fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", a.config.Version, a.config.VersionPrerelease)
	if a.config.Region != "" {
		conf.Region = a.config.Region
	}
	if a.config.Datacenter != "" {
		conf.Datacenter = a.config.Datacenter
	}
	if a.config.NodeName != "" {
		conf.NodeName = a.config.NodeName
	}
	if a.config.Server.BootstrapExpect > 0 {
		if a.config.Server.BootstrapExpect == 1 {
			conf.Bootstrap = true
		} else {
			atomic.StoreInt32(&conf.BootstrapExpect, int32(a.config.Server.BootstrapExpect))
		}
	}
	if a.config.DataDir != "" {
		conf.DataDir = filepath.Join(a.config.DataDir, "server")
	}
	if a.config.Server.DataDir != "" {
		conf.DataDir = a.config.Server.DataDir
	}
	if a.config.Server.ProtocolVersion != 0 {
		conf.ProtocolVersion = uint8(a.config.Server.ProtocolVersion)
	}
	if a.config.Server.NumSchedulers != 0 {
		conf.NumSchedulers = a.config.Server.NumSchedulers
	}
	if len(a.config.Server.EnabledSchedulers) != 0 {
		conf.EnabledSchedulers = a.config.Server.EnabledSchedulers
	}

	// Set up the bind addresses
	rpcAddr, err := net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", a.config.normalizedAddrs.RPC)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse RPC address %q: %v", a.config.normalizedAddrs.RPC, err)
	}
	serfAddr, err := net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", a.config.normalizedAddrs.Serf)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse Serf address %q: %v", a.config.normalizedAddrs.Serf, err)
	}
	conf.RPCAddr.Port = rpcAddr.Port
	conf.RPCAddr.IP = rpcAddr.IP
	conf.SerfConfig.MemberlistConfig.BindPort = serfAddr.Port
	conf.SerfConfig.MemberlistConfig.BindAddr = serfAddr.IP.String()

	// Set up the advertise addresses
	rpcAddr, err = net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.RPC)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse RPC advertise address %q: %v", a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.RPC, err)
	}
	serfAddr, err = net.ResolveTCPAddr("tcp", a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.Serf)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("Failed to parse Serf advertise address %q: %v", a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.Serf, err)
	}
	conf.RPCAdvertise = rpcAddr
	conf.SerfConfig.MemberlistConfig.AdvertiseAddr = serfAddr.IP.String()
	conf.SerfConfig.MemberlistConfig.AdvertisePort = serfAddr.Port

	// Set up gc threshold and heartbeat grace period
	if gcThreshold := a.config.Server.NodeGCThreshold; gcThreshold != "" {
		dur, err := time.ParseDuration(gcThreshold)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		conf.NodeGCThreshold = dur
	}

	if heartbeatGrace := a.config.Server.HeartbeatGrace; heartbeatGrace != "" {
		dur, err := time.ParseDuration(heartbeatGrace)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, err
		}
		conf.HeartbeatGrace = dur
	}

	if a.config.Consul.AutoAdvertise && a.config.Consul.ServerServiceName == "" {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("server_service_name must be set when auto_advertise is enabled")
	}

	// Add the Consul and Vault configs
	conf.ConsulConfig = a.config.Consul
	conf.VaultConfig = a.config.Vault

	// Set the TLS config
	conf.TLSConfig = a.config.TLSConfig

	return conf, nil
}

// clientConfig is used to generate a new client configuration struct
// for initializing a Nomad client.
func (a *Agent) clientConfig() (*clientconfig.Config, error) {
	// Setup the configuration
	conf := a.config.ClientConfig
	if conf == nil {
		conf = clientconfig.DefaultConfig()
	}
	if a.server != nil {
		conf.RPCHandler = a.server
	}
	conf.LogOutput = a.logOutput
	conf.DevMode = a.config.DevMode
	if a.config.Region != "" {
		conf.Region = a.config.Region
	}
	if a.config.DataDir != "" {
		conf.StateDir = filepath.Join(a.config.DataDir, "client")
		conf.AllocDir = filepath.Join(a.config.DataDir, "alloc")
	}
	if a.config.Client.StateDir != "" {
		conf.StateDir = a.config.Client.StateDir
	}
	if a.config.Client.AllocDir != "" {
		conf.AllocDir = a.config.Client.AllocDir
	}
	conf.Servers = a.config.Client.Servers
	if a.config.Client.NetworkInterface != "" {
		conf.NetworkInterface = a.config.Client.NetworkInterface
	}
	conf.ChrootEnv = a.config.Client.ChrootEnv
	conf.Options = a.config.Client.Options
	// Logging deprecation messages about consul related configuration in client
	// options
	var invalidConsulKeys []string
	for key := range conf.Options {
		if strings.HasPrefix(key, "consul") {
			invalidConsulKeys = append(invalidConsulKeys, fmt.Sprintf("options.%s", key))
		}
	}
	if len(invalidConsulKeys) > 0 {
		a.logger.Printf("[WARN] agent: Invalid keys: %v", strings.Join(invalidConsulKeys, ","))
		a.logger.Printf(`Nomad client ignores consul related configuration in client options.
		Please refer to the guide https://www.nomadproject.io/docs/agent/configuration/consul.html
		to configure Nomad to work with Consul.`)
	}

	if a.config.Client.NetworkSpeed != 0 {
		conf.NetworkSpeed = a.config.Client.NetworkSpeed
	}
	if a.config.Client.MaxKillTimeout != "" {
		dur, err := time.ParseDuration(a.config.Client.MaxKillTimeout)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("Error parsing max kill timeout: %s", err)
		}
		conf.MaxKillTimeout = dur
	}
	conf.ClientMaxPort = uint(a.config.Client.ClientMaxPort)
	conf.ClientMinPort = uint(a.config.Client.ClientMinPort)

	// Setup the node
	conf.Node = new(structs.Node)
	conf.Node.Datacenter = a.config.Datacenter
	conf.Node.Name = a.config.NodeName
	conf.Node.Meta = a.config.Client.Meta
	conf.Node.NodeClass = a.config.Client.NodeClass

	// Set up the HTTP advertise address
	conf.Node.HTTPAddr = a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.HTTP

	// Reserve resources on the node.
	r := conf.Node.Reserved
	if r == nil {
		r = new(structs.Resources)
		conf.Node.Reserved = r
	}
	r.CPU = a.config.Client.Reserved.CPU
	r.MemoryMB = a.config.Client.Reserved.MemoryMB
	r.DiskMB = a.config.Client.Reserved.DiskMB
	r.IOPS = a.config.Client.Reserved.IOPS
	conf.GloballyReservedPorts = a.config.Client.Reserved.ParsedReservedPorts

	conf.Version = fmt.Sprintf("%s%s", a.config.Version, a.config.VersionPrerelease)
	conf.Revision = a.config.Revision

	if a.config.Consul.AutoAdvertise && a.config.Consul.ClientServiceName == "" {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("client_service_name must be set when auto_advertise is enabled")
	}

	conf.ConsulConfig = a.config.Consul
	conf.VaultConfig = a.config.Vault
	conf.StatsCollectionInterval = a.config.Telemetry.collectionInterval
	conf.PublishNodeMetrics = a.config.Telemetry.PublishNodeMetrics
	conf.PublishAllocationMetrics = a.config.Telemetry.PublishAllocationMetrics

	// Set the TLS related configs
	conf.TLSConfig = a.config.TLSConfig
	conf.Node.TLSEnabled = conf.TLSConfig.EnableHTTP

	return conf, nil
}

// setupServer is used to setup the server if enabled
func (a *Agent) setupServer() error {
	if !a.config.Server.Enabled {
		return nil
	}

	// Setup the configuration
	conf, err := a.serverConfig()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("server config setup failed: %s", err)
	}

	// Sets up the keyring for gossip encryption
	if err := a.setupKeyrings(conf); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("failed to configure keyring: %v", err)
	}

	// Create the server
	server, err := nomad.NewServer(conf, a.consulSyncer, a.logger)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("server setup failed: %v", err)
	}
	a.server = server

	// Consul check addresses default to bind but can be toggled to use advertise
	httpCheckAddr := a.config.normalizedAddrs.HTTP
	rpcCheckAddr := a.config.normalizedAddrs.RPC
	serfCheckAddr := a.config.normalizedAddrs.Serf
	if a.config.Consul.ChecksUseAdvertise {
		httpCheckAddr = a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.HTTP
		rpcCheckAddr = a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.RPC
		serfCheckAddr = a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.Serf
	}

	// Create the Nomad Server services for Consul
	// TODO re-introduce HTTP/S checks when Consul 0.7.1 comes out
	if a.config.Consul.AutoAdvertise {
		httpServ := &structs.Service{
			Name:      a.config.Consul.ServerServiceName,
			PortLabel: a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.HTTP,
			Tags:      []string{consul.ServiceTagHTTP},
			Checks: []*structs.ServiceCheck{
				&structs.ServiceCheck{
					Name:      "Nomad Server HTTP Check",
					Type:      "http",
					Path:      "/v1/status/peers",
					Protocol:  "http",
					Interval:  serverHttpCheckInterval,
					Timeout:   serverHttpCheckTimeout,
					PortLabel: httpCheckAddr,
				},
			},
		}
		rpcServ := &structs.Service{
			Name:      a.config.Consul.ServerServiceName,
			PortLabel: a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.RPC,
			Tags:      []string{consul.ServiceTagRPC},
			Checks: []*structs.ServiceCheck{
				&structs.ServiceCheck{
					Name:      "Nomad Server RPC Check",
					Type:      "tcp",
					Interval:  serverRpcCheckInterval,
					Timeout:   serverRpcCheckTimeout,
					PortLabel: rpcCheckAddr,
				},
			},
		}
		serfServ := &structs.Service{
			Name:      a.config.Consul.ServerServiceName,
			PortLabel: a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.Serf,
			Tags:      []string{consul.ServiceTagSerf},
			Checks: []*structs.ServiceCheck{
				&structs.ServiceCheck{
					Name:      "Nomad Server Serf Check",
					Type:      "tcp",
					Interval:  serverSerfCheckInterval,
					Timeout:   serverSerfCheckTimeout,
					PortLabel: serfCheckAddr,
				},
			},
		}

		// Add the http port check if TLS isn't enabled
		// TODO Add TLS check when Consul 0.7.1 comes out.
		consulServices := map[consul.ServiceKey]*structs.Service{
			consul.GenerateServiceKey(rpcServ):  rpcServ,
			consul.GenerateServiceKey(serfServ): serfServ,
		}
		if !conf.TLSConfig.EnableHTTP {
			consulServices[consul.GenerateServiceKey(httpServ)] = httpServ
		}
		a.consulSyncer.SetServices(consul.ServerDomain, consulServices)
	}

	return nil
}

// setupKeyrings is used to initialize and load keyrings during agent startup
func (a *Agent) setupKeyrings(config *nomad.Config) error {
	file := filepath.Join(a.config.DataDir, serfKeyring)

	if a.config.Server.EncryptKey == "" {
		goto LOAD
	}
	if _, err := os.Stat(file); err != nil {
		if err := initKeyring(file, a.config.Server.EncryptKey); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

LOAD:
	if _, err := os.Stat(file); err == nil {
		config.SerfConfig.KeyringFile = file
	}
	if err := loadKeyringFile(config.SerfConfig); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	// Success!
	return nil
}

// setupClient is used to setup the client if enabled
func (a *Agent) setupClient() error {
	if !a.config.Client.Enabled {
		return nil
	}

	// Setup the configuration
	conf, err := a.clientConfig()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("client setup failed: %v", err)
	}

	// Reserve some ports for the plugins if we are on Windows
	if runtime.GOOS == "windows" {
		if err := a.reservePortsForClient(conf); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}

	// Create the client
	client, err := client.NewClient(conf, a.consulSyncer, a.logger)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("client setup failed: %v", err)
	}
	a.client = client

	// Resolve the http check address
	httpCheckAddr := a.config.normalizedAddrs.HTTP
	if a.config.Consul.ChecksUseAdvertise {
		httpCheckAddr = a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.HTTP
	}

	// Create the Nomad Client  services for Consul
	// TODO think how we can re-introduce HTTP/S checks when Consul 0.7.1 comes
	// out
	if a.config.Consul.AutoAdvertise {
		httpServ := &structs.Service{
			Name:      a.config.Consul.ClientServiceName,
			PortLabel: a.config.AdvertiseAddrs.HTTP,
			Tags:      []string{consul.ServiceTagHTTP},
			Checks: []*structs.ServiceCheck{
				&structs.ServiceCheck{
					Name:      "Nomad Client HTTP Check",
					Type:      "http",
					Path:      "/v1/agent/servers",
					Protocol:  "http",
					Interval:  clientHttpCheckInterval,
					Timeout:   clientHttpCheckTimeout,
					PortLabel: httpCheckAddr,
				},
			},
		}
		if !conf.TLSConfig.EnableHTTP {
			a.consulSyncer.SetServices(consul.ClientDomain, map[consul.ServiceKey]*structs.Service{
				consul.GenerateServiceKey(httpServ): httpServ,
			})
		}
	}

	return nil
}

// reservePortsForClient reserves a range of ports for the client to use when
// it creates various plugins for log collection, executors, drivers, etc
func (a *Agent) reservePortsForClient(conf *clientconfig.Config) error {
	// finding the device name for loopback
	deviceName, addr, mask, err := a.findLoopbackDevice()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("error finding the device name for loopback: %v", err)
	}

	// seeing if the user has already reserved some resources on this device
	var nr *structs.NetworkResource
	if conf.Node.Reserved == nil {
		conf.Node.Reserved = &structs.Resources{}
	}
	for _, n := range conf.Node.Reserved.Networks {
		if n.Device == deviceName {
			nr = n
		}
	}
	// If the user hasn't already created the device, we create it
	if nr == nil {
		nr = &structs.NetworkResource{
			Device:        deviceName,
			IP:            addr,
			CIDR:          mask,
			ReservedPorts: make([]structs.Port, 0),
		}
	}
	// appending the port ranges we want to use for the client to the list of
	// reserved ports for this device
	for i := conf.ClientMinPort; i <= conf.ClientMaxPort; i++ {
		nr.ReservedPorts = append(nr.ReservedPorts, structs.Port{Label: fmt.Sprintf("plugin-%d", i), Value: int(i)})
	}
	conf.Node.Reserved.Networks = append(conf.Node.Reserved.Networks, nr)
	return nil
}

// findLoopbackDevice iterates through all the interfaces on a machine and
// returns the ip addr, mask of the loopback device
func (a *Agent) findLoopbackDevice() (string, string, string, error) {
	var ifcs []net.Interface
	var err error
	ifcs, err = net.Interfaces()
	if err != nil {
		return "", "", "", err
	}
	for _, ifc := range ifcs {
		addrs, err := ifc.Addrs()
		if err != nil {
			return "", "", "", err
		}
		for _, addr := range addrs {
			var ip net.IP
			switch v := addr.(type) {
			case *net.IPNet:
				ip = v.IP
			case *net.IPAddr:
				ip = v.IP
			}
			if ip.IsLoopback() {
				if ip.To4() == nil {
					continue
				}
				return ifc.Name, ip.String(), addr.String(), nil
			}
		}
	}

	return "", "", "", fmt.Errorf("no loopback devices with IPV4 addr found")
}

// Leave is used gracefully exit. Clients will inform servers
// of their departure so that allocations can be rescheduled.
func (a *Agent) Leave() error {
	if a.client != nil {
		if err := a.client.Leave(); err != nil {
			a.logger.Printf("[ERR] agent: client leave failed: %v", err)
		}
	}
	if a.server != nil {
		if err := a.server.Leave(); err != nil {
			a.logger.Printf("[ERR] agent: server leave failed: %v", err)
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// Shutdown is used to terminate the agent.
func (a *Agent) Shutdown() error {
	a.shutdownLock.Lock()
	defer a.shutdownLock.Unlock()

	if a.shutdown {
		return nil
	}

	a.logger.Println("[INFO] agent: requesting shutdown")
	if a.client != nil {
		if err := a.client.Shutdown(); err != nil {
			a.logger.Printf("[ERR] agent: client shutdown failed: %v", err)
		}
	}
	if a.server != nil {
		if err := a.server.Shutdown(); err != nil {
			a.logger.Printf("[ERR] agent: server shutdown failed: %v", err)
		}
	}

	if err := a.consulSyncer.Shutdown(); err != nil {
		a.logger.Printf("[ERR] agent: shutting down consul service failed: %v", err)
	}

	a.logger.Println("[INFO] agent: shutdown complete")
	a.shutdown = true
	close(a.shutdownCh)
	return nil
}

// RPC is used to make an RPC call to the Nomad servers
func (a *Agent) RPC(method string, args interface{}, reply interface{}) error {
	if a.server != nil {
		return a.server.RPC(method, args, reply)
	}
	return a.client.RPC(method, args, reply)
}

// Client returns the configured client or nil
func (a *Agent) Client() *client.Client {
	return a.client
}

// Server returns the configured server or nil
func (a *Agent) Server() *nomad.Server {
	return a.server
}

// Stats is used to return statistics for debugging and insight
// for various sub-systems
func (a *Agent) Stats() map[string]map[string]string {
	stats := make(map[string]map[string]string)
	if a.server != nil {
		subStat := a.server.Stats()
		for k, v := range subStat {
			stats[k] = v
		}
	}
	if a.client != nil {
		subStat := a.client.Stats()
		for k, v := range subStat {
			stats[k] = v
		}
	}
	return stats
}

// setupConsulSyncer creates the Consul tasks used by this Nomad Agent
// (either Client or Server mode).
func (a *Agent) setupConsulSyncer() error {
	var err error
	a.consulSyncer, err = consul.NewSyncer(a.config.Consul, a.shutdownCh, a.logger)
	if err != nil {
		return err
	}

	a.consulSyncer.SetAddrFinder(func(portLabel string) (string, int) {
		host, port, err := net.SplitHostPort(portLabel)
		if err != nil {
			p, err := strconv.Atoi(port)
			if err != nil {
				return "", 0
			}
			return "", p
		}

		// If the addr for the service is ":port", then we fall back
		// to Nomad's default address resolution protocol.
		//
		// TODO(sean@): This should poll Consul to figure out what
		// its advertise address is and use that in order to handle
		// the case where there is something funky like NAT on this
		// host.  For now we just use the BindAddr if set, otherwise
		// we fall back to a loopback addr.
		if host == "" {
			if a.config.BindAddr != "" {
				host = a.config.BindAddr
			} else {
				host = "127.0.0.1"
			}
		}
		p, err := strconv.Atoi(port)
		if err != nil {
			return host, 0
		}
		return host, p
	})

	return nil
}