python3.6/python14.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "***\n",
    "# 14. 파일과 디렉토리 다루기\n",
    "***\n",
    "***"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "## 1 파일 다루기\n",
    "***"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1-1 파일 목록 얻기\n",
    "- os.listdir('경로')\n",
    "  - 디렉토리 안에 들어 있는 각 파일 목록 반환"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "['python10.ipynb', 'python09.ipynb', 'python12.ipynb', 'python14.ipynb', 'cal.py', 'example', 'python13.ipynb', 'python11.ipynb', 'python08.ipynb', 'python15.ipynb', 'dog.jpeg', 'python02.ipynb', 'python04.ipynb', 'python06.ipynb', '.ipynb_checkpoints', 'python01.ipynb', 'Assignment01.ipynb', 'python03.ipynb', 'python07.ipynb', 'python05.ipynb']\n",
      "\n",
      "['.DS_Store', 'LICENSE', 'images', 'python3.6', 'README.md', '.git']\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "# Winodws (90%), Mac OS, Linux\n",
    "\n",
    "print(os.listdir('.'))   # 현재 디렉토리의 파일 목록 얻기\n",
    "print()\n",
    "\n",
    "print(os.listdir('../')) # 현재 디렉토리의 부모 디렉토리의 파일 목록 얻기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1-2 파일 종류 알아보기\n",
    "- os.path 모듈의 다음 함수들은 파일의 종류를 판단하여 True 또는 False를 반환한다.\n",
    "  - isfile(filepath)\n",
    "    - 순수 파일이면 True\n",
    "  - isdir(filepath)\n",
    "    - 디렉토리이면 True\n",
    "  - islink(filepath)\n",
    "    - 심볼릭링크이면 True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "python10.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "python09.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "python12.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "removeme.txt :Regular file\n",
      "python14.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "cal.py :Regular file\n",
      "t1.txt :Regular file\n",
      "python13.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "python11.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "python08.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "pickle.txt :Regular file\n",
      "dog.jpeg :Regular file\n",
      "python02.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "t.txt :Regular file\n",
      "python04.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "pickle2.txt :Regular file\n",
      "python06.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      ".ipynb_checkpoints :Directory\n",
      "python01.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "Assignment01.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "python03.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "output.txt :Regular file\n",
      "python07.ipynb :Regular file\n",
      "python05.ipynb :Regular file\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "def filetype(fpath):\n",
    "    print(fpath, ':', end=\"\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "    if os.path.isfile(fpath):\n",
    "        print('Regular file')\n",
    "        \n",
    "    if os.path.isdir(fpath):\n",
    "        print('Directory')\n",
    "\n",
    "    if os.path.islink(fpath):\n",
    "        print('Symbolic link')\n",
    "        \n",
    "flist = os.listdir('.')\n",
    "for fname in flist:\n",
    "    filetype(fname)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1-3 파일의 허가권\n",
    "#### 1) 파일의 허가권 알아보기\n",
    "- os.access(filepath, mode)\n",
    "  - mode에 들어갈 값\n",
    "    - os.F_OK: 파일 자체가 존재하는 것을 테스트\n",
    "    - os.R_OK: 읽기 권한이 있는 것을 테스트\n",
    "    - os.W_OK: 쓰기 권한이 있는 것을 테스트\n",
    "    - os.X_OK: 실행 권한이 있는 것(또는 디렉토리인지)을 테스트"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "python10.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "python09.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "python12.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "removeme.txt :Exists - RW\n",
      "python14.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "cal.py :Exists - RW\n",
      "t1.txt :Exists - RW\n",
      "python13.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "python11.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "python08.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "pickle.txt :Exists - RW\n",
      "dog.jpeg :Exists - RW\n",
      "python02.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "t.txt :Exists - RW\n",
      "python04.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "pickle2.txt :Exists - RW\n",
      "python06.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      ".ipynb_checkpoints :Exists - RWX\n",
      "python01.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "Assignment01.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "python03.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "output.txt :Exists - RW\n",
      "python07.ipynb :Exists - RW\n",
      "python05.ipynb :Exists - RW\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "def fileaccess(fpath):\n",
    "    print(fpath, ':', end=\"\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "    if os.access(fpath, os.F_OK): \n",
    "        print('Exists - ', end=\"\")\n",
    "    else: \n",
    "        return\n",
    "    \n",
    "    if os.access(fpath, os.R_OK): \n",
    "        print('R', end=\"\")\n",
    "        \n",
    "    if os.access(fpath, os.W_OK): \n",
    "        print('W', end=\"\")\n",
    "        \n",
    "    if os.access(fpath, os.X_OK): \n",
    "        print('X', end=\"\")\n",
    "    print()\n",
    "    \n",
    "flist = os.listdir('.')\n",
    "for fname in flist:\n",
    "    fileaccess(fname)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2) 파일의 허가권 변경하기\n",
    "- os.chmod(filepath, mode)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "FileNotFoundError",
     "evalue": "[Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'output.txt'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileNotFoundError\u001b[0m                         Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-2-802f44213214>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mchmod\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'output.txt'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m0o777\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m# 리눅스에서의 실행 예\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0mget_ipython\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mrun_line_magic\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'ls'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'-al output.txt'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileNotFoundError\u001b[0m: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: 'output.txt'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "os.chmod('output.txt', 0o777) # 리눅스에서의 실행 예\n",
    "\n",
    "%ls -al output.txt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1-4 파일 조작하기\n",
    "#### 1) 파일 이름 변경하기\n",
    "- os.rename(old_filepath, new_filepath)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = \"\"\"Its power: Python developers typically report \n",
    "they are able to develop applications in a half\n",
    "to a tenth the amount of time it takes them to do\n",
    "the same work in such languages as C.\"\"\"\n",
    "\n",
    "with open('t.txt', 'w') as f:\n",
    "    f.write(s) # 문자열을 파일에 기록"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "False\n",
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "os.rename('t.txt', 't1.txt')  # t.txt를 t1.txt로 바꾼다\n",
    "print(os.access('t.txt', os.F_OK))\n",
    "print(os.access('t1.txt', os.F_OK))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2) 파일 이동하기\n",
    "- os.rename(old_filepath, new_filepath)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "os.mkdir('example') "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "os.rename('t1.txt', './example/t1.txt') # 현재 작업 디렉토리의 t1.txt를 example에 t1.txt이름으로 옮긴다.\n",
    "print(os.access('./example/t1.txt', os.F_OK))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3) 파일 복사하기\n",
    "- shutil 모듈 활용\n",
    "- shutil.copyfile(src_filepath, dest_filepath)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import shutil\n",
    "shutil.copyfile('output.txt', 'output_new.txt')\n",
    "print(os.access('output_new.txt', os.F_OK))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1-5 파일 이름 다루기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1) 상대 경로를 절대 경로로 변환하기 [중요]\n",
    "- os.path.abspath(상대경로)\n",
    "  - 실제 파일 존재와는 무관하게 절대경로로 변경함"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning/python3.6/o.txt\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "print(os.path.abspath('o.txt'))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2) 주어진 경로의 파일이 존재하는지 확인 [중요]\n",
    "- os.path.exists(filepath)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "True\n",
      "True\n",
      "False\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f = '/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning/'\n",
    "print(os.path.exists(f))\n",
    "print(os.path.exists('t1.txt'))\n",
    "print(os.path.exists('asdf.txt'))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3) 현재/부모 디렉토리를 가리키는 이름 얻기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      ".\n",
      "..\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(os.curdir) #현재 디렉토리\n",
    "print(os.pardir) #부모 디렉토리"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 4) 디렉토리 분리 문자 얻기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(os.sep)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1-6 경로명 분리하기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1) 경로와 파일명으로 분리"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "t1.txt\n",
      "/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "f = '/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning/t1.txt'\n",
    "\n",
    "print(os.path.basename(f)) # 파일명만 추출\n",
    "print(os.path.dirname(f))  # 디렉토리 경로 추출"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2) 경로명과 파일명을 한번에 분리"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('/Users/yhhan/git/python-e-learning', 't.txt')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(os.path.split(f))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3) MS 윈도우즈에서 드라이브명과 파일 경로명을 분리"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('', '/Users/yhhan/git/python-e-learning/t.txt')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(os.path.splitdrive(f))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 4) 확장자 분리"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "('/Users/yhhan/git/python-e-learning/t', '.txt')\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "print(os.path.splitext(f))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1-7 경로명 생성하기 [중요]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- Linux and Mac"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning/t.txt\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "path = os.path.join(\"/\", \"Users\", \"jubong\", \"git\", \"python-link-e-learning\", \"t.txt\")\n",
    "print(path)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- Windows"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "c:\\/Users/jubong\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "path = os.path.join(\"c:\\\\\", \"Users\", \"jubong\")\n",
    "print(path)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "***\n",
    "## 2 디렉토리 다루기\n",
    "***"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2-1 디렉토리에 관련된 일반 작업"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1) 현재 작업 디렉토리 알아보기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning/python3.6\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "print(os.getcwd())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 2) 작업 디렉토리 변경하기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/jubong/Public\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "path = os.path.join(\"/\", \"Users\", \"jubong\", \"Public\")\n",
    "#path = os.path.join(\"c:\\\\\", \"Users\", \"jubong\", \"Public\") \n",
    "\n",
    "os.chdir(path)\n",
    "print(os.getcwd())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 3) 디렉토리 만들기"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "error: invalid character '\u0000' in LSCOLORS env var\n",
      "total 0\n",
      "drwxr-xr-x  3 jubong  staff   96  9 21 15:00 \u001b[1m\u001b[36m.\u001b[m\u001b[m/\n",
      "drwxrwxrwx+ 8 jubong  staff  256  9 22 09:35 \u001b[33m..\u001b[m\u001b[m/\n",
      "drwxr-xr-x  3 jubong  staff   96  9 21 15:00 \u001b[1m\u001b[36mlevel1\u001b[m\u001b[m/\n",
      "True\n",
      "True\n",
      "True\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "\n",
    "os.mkdir('temp1')        # 0755 기본 모드(rwxr-xr-x)로 만들어짐\n",
    "%ls -al temp\n",
    "# os.mkdir('temp2', 0700) # 0700 모드(rwx------)로 만들어짐\n",
    "\n",
    "os.mkdir('temp2', 0o700)\n",
    "os.makedirs('temp2/level1/level2') #0755 기본 모드, 중간에 필요한 디렉토리도 모두생성\n",
    "\n",
    "print(os.access('/Users/jubong/Public/temp1', os.F_OK))\n",
    "print(os.access('/Users/jubong/Public/temp2', os.F_OK))\n",
    "print(os.access('/Users/jubong/Public/temp/level1/level2', os.F_OK))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 17,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "\n",
    "os.mkdir('temp3', 0o700)\n",
    "\n",
    "path = os.path.join(\"temp3\", \"level1\", \"level2\")\n",
    "os.makedirs(path) #0755 기본 모드, 중간에 필요한 디렉토리도 모두생성"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 4) 디렉토리 삭제"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 18,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "os.rmdir('temp1') #디렉토리에 내용이 없을 때 삭제가능"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "OSError",
     "evalue": "[Errno 66] Directory not empty: 'temp3'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mOSError\u001b[0m                                   Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-19-4a5a038b13f9>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 1\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mrmdir\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'temp3'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m#디렉토리에 다른 파일이 있으면 삭제할 수 없음\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mOSError\u001b[0m: [Errno 66] Directory not empty: 'temp3'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "os.rmdir('temp3') #디렉토리에 다른 파일이 있으면 삭제할 수 없음"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 5) 다단계 디렉토리 삭제\n",
    "- os.removedirs(filepath)\n",
    "  - filepath에 지정된 디렉토리들 중 맨 오른쪽 디렉토리 부터 차례차례로 삭제한다.\n",
    "  - 디렉토리에 다른 파일이 있으면 삭제하기 않고 중단"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "os.removedirs('temp2/level1/level2')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 6) 하위 디렉토리까지 모두 한번에 삭제\n",
    "- shutil.rmtree() \n",
    "  - 파일은 물론 하위 디렉토리까지 모두 한번에 삭제 가능\n",
    "  - 조심해서 사용해야 함"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "FileExistsError",
     "evalue": "[Errno 17] File exists: 'temp'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileExistsError\u001b[0m                           Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-21-dfa9dde40609>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 3\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmkdir\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'temp'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m        \u001b[0;31m# 0755 기본 모드(rwxr-xr-x)로 만들어짐\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      4\u001b[0m \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmakedirs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'temp/level1/level2'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m#0755 기본 모드, 중간에 필요한 디렉토리도 모두생성\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      5\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileExistsError\u001b[0m: [Errno 17] File exists: 'temp'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "\n",
    "os.mkdir('temp')        # 0755 기본 모드(rwxr-xr-x)로 만들어짐\n",
    "os.makedirs('temp/level1/level2') #0755 기본 모드, 중간에 필요한 디렉토리도 모두생성\n",
    "\n",
    "print(os.access('/Users/jubong/Public/temp', os.F_OK))\n",
    "print(os.access('/Users/jubong/Public/temp/level1/level2', os.F_OK))"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import shutil\n",
    "shutil.rmtree('temp3')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 7) 디렉토리 복사\n",
    "- shutil.copytree(src_filepath, dest_filepath)\n",
    "  - 하위 디렉토리와 파일등을 지니고 있는 디렉토리를 복사"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 23,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "FileExistsError",
     "evalue": "[Errno 17] File exists: 'myweb_backup'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileExistsError\u001b[0m                           Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-23-307630b2ff46>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmkdir\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'temp/temp2'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36m0o700\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 2\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mshutil\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mcopytree\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m'temp'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m'myweb_backup'\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/shutil.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mcopytree\u001b[0;34m(src, dst, symlinks, ignore, copy_function, ignore_dangling_symlinks)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    319\u001b[0m         \u001b[0mignored_names\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0mset\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    320\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 321\u001b[0;31m     \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmakedirs\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mdst\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    322\u001b[0m     \u001b[0merrors\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m=\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m[\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m]\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    323\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mfor\u001b[0m \u001b[0mname\u001b[0m \u001b[0;32min\u001b[0m \u001b[0mnames\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;32m~/anaconda3/lib/python3.6/os.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mmakedirs\u001b[0;34m(name, mode, exist_ok)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    218\u001b[0m             \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    219\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mtry\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m--> 220\u001b[0;31m         \u001b[0mmkdir\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mname\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m,\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmode\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m    221\u001b[0m     \u001b[0;32mexcept\u001b[0m \u001b[0mOSError\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m    222\u001b[0m         \u001b[0;31m# Cannot rely on checking for EEXIST, since the operating system\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileExistsError\u001b[0m: [Errno 17] File exists: 'myweb_backup'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "os.mkdir('temp/temp2', 0o700)\n",
    "shutil.copytree('temp', 'myweb_backup')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2-2 디렉토리(트리) 탐색하기\n",
    "- os.walk(filepath)\n",
    "  - filepath 부터 시작하여 재귀적으로 모든 하위 디렉토리까지 탐색을 하는 함수\n",
    "  - 탐색시 발견하는 모든 파일에 대해서는 다음 튜플을 리턴함\n",
    "    - (dirpath, dirnames, filemnames)\n",
    "      - dirpath: 탐색하고 있는 디렉토리 경로\n",
    "      - dirnames: dirpath 안에 존재하는 서브 디렉토리의 리스트\n",
    "      - filenames: dirpath 안에 존재하는 파일 리스트"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "- 아래 예는 현재 디렉토리부터 모든 하위 디렉토리 내에 존재하는 모든 txt 파일을 삭제하는 프로그램"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 24,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "ename": "FileNotFoundError",
     "evalue": "[Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/Users/yhhan/Public'",
     "output_type": "error",
     "traceback": [
      "\u001b[0;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileNotFoundError\u001b[0m                         Traceback (most recent call last)",
      "\u001b[0;32m<ipython-input-24-5a9cb7811c93>\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m<module>\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      2\u001b[0m \u001b[0;31m#path = os.path.join(\"c:\\\\\", \"Users\", \"yhhan\", \"Public\")\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m      3\u001b[0m \u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m----> 4\u001b[0;31m \u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mchdir\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mpath\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[1;32m      5\u001b[0m \u001b[0mprint\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mos\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mgetcwd\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n",
      "\u001b[0;31mFileNotFoundError\u001b[0m: [Errno 2] No such file or directory: '/Users/yhhan/Public'"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "path = os.path.join(\"/\", \"Users\", \"yhhan\", \"Public\")\n",
    "#path = os.path.join(\"c:\\\\\", \"Users\", \"yhhan\", \"Public\") \n",
    "\n",
    "os.chdir(path)\n",
    "print(os.getcwd())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/jubong/Public/temp\n",
      "\n",
      "removing /Users/jubong/Public/temp/t.txt\n",
      "removing /Users/jubong/Public/temp/level1/t.txt\n",
      "removing /Users/jubong/Public/temp/level1/level2/t.txt\n",
      "\n",
      "/Users/jubong/Public\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "if os.path.exists('temp'):\n",
    "    shutil.rmtree('temp')\n",
    "\n",
    "path = os.path.join(\"temp\", \"level1\", \"level2\")\n",
    "os.makedirs(path)\n",
    "\n",
    "with open(os.path.join(\"temp\", \"t.txt\"), \"w\") as f:\n",
    "    f.write(\"aaa\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "with open(os.path.join(\"temp\", \"level1\", \"t.txt\"), \"w\") as f:\n",
    "    f.write(\"aaa\")\n",
    "    \n",
    "with open(os.path.join(\"temp\", \"level1\", \"level2\", \"t.txt\"), \"w\") as f:\n",
    "    f.write(\"aaa\")\n",
    "\n",
    "path = os.path.join(\"temp\")\n",
    "os.chdir(path)\n",
    "print(os.getcwd())\n",
    "print()\n",
    "for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(os.getcwd()):\n",
    "    for fname in files:\n",
    "        if fname.endswith('.txt'):\n",
    "            fullpath = os.path.join(path, fname)\n",
    "            print('removing', fullpath)\n",
    "            os.remove(fullpath)\n",
    "\n",
    "print()\n",
    "os.chdir(\"..\")\n",
    "print(os.getcwd())"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 26,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning\n",
      "\n",
      "removing /Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning/python3.6/t1.txt\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "import os\n",
    "os.chdir('/Users/jubong/git/python-link-e-learning')\n",
    "print(os.getcwd())\n",
    "print()\n",
    "for path, subdirs, files in os.walk(os.getcwd()):\n",
    "    for fname in files:\n",
    "        if fname.endswith('.txt'):\n",
    "            fullpath = os.path.join(path, fname)\n",
    "            print('removing', fullpath)\n",
    "            os.remove(fullpath)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "<p style='text-align: right;'>참고 문헌: 파이썬(열혈강의)(개정판 VER.2), 이강성, FreeLec, 2005년 8월 29일</p>"
   ]
  }
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