-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 24
/
nobel_winners.json
2341 lines (2341 loc) · 266 KB
/
nobel_winners.json
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
[
{"country": "Argentina", "name": "C\u00e9sar Milstein", "link_text": "C\u00e9sar Milstein *, Physiology or Medicine, 1984"},
{"country": "Argentina", "name": "Adolfo P\u00e9rez Esquivel", "link_text": "Adolfo P\u00e9rez Esquivel , Peace, 1980"},
{"country": "Argentina", "name": "Luis Federico Leloir", "link_text": "Luis Federico Leloir , Chemistry, 1970"},
{"country": "Argentina", "name": "Bernardo Houssay", "link_text": "Bernardo Houssay , Physiology or Medicine, 1947"},
{"country": "Argentina", "name": "Carlos Saavedra Lamas", "link_text": "Carlos Saavedra Lamas , Peace, 1936"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Brian Schmidt", "link_text": "Brian Schmidt , born in the United States , Physics, 2011"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Elizabeth Blackburn", "link_text": "Elizabeth Blackburn *, Physiology or Medicine, 2009"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Barry Marshall", "link_text": "Barry Marshall , Physiology or Medicine, 2005"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "J. Robin Warren", "link_text": "J. Robin Warren , Physiology or Medicine, 2005"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Peter C. Doherty", "link_text": "Peter C. Doherty , Physiology or Medicine, 1996"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Rolf Zinkernagel", "link_text": "Rolf Zinkernagel , Physiology or Medicine, 1996"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "John Cornforth", "link_text": "John Cornforth *, Chemistry, 1975"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Patrick White", "link_text": "Patrick White , born in the United Kingdom , Literature, 1973"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "John Carew Eccles", "link_text": "John Carew Eccles , Physiology or Medicine, 1963"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet", "link_text": "Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet , Physiology or Medicine, 1960"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "Howard Florey", "link_text": "Howard Florey , Physiology or Medicine, 1945"},
{"country": "Australia", "name": "William Lawrence Bragg", "link_text": "William Lawrence Bragg , Physics, 1915"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Peter Handke", "link_text": "Peter Handke , Literature, 2019"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Martin Karplus", "link_text": "Martin Karplus *, Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "International Atomic Energy Agency", "link_text": "International Atomic Energy Agency , Peace, 2005"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Elfriede Jelinek", "link_text": "Elfriede Jelinek , Literature, 2004"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Eric Kandel", "link_text": "Eric Kandel *, Physiology or Medicine, 2000"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Walter Kohn", "link_text": "Walter Kohn *, Chemistry, 1998"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Friedrich Hayek", "link_text": "Friedrich Hayek , Economics, 1974"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Konrad Lorenz", "link_text": "Konrad Lorenz , Physiology or Medicine, 1973"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Karl von Frisch", "link_text": "Karl von Frisch *, Physiology or Medicine, 1973"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Max Perutz", "link_text": "Max Perutz , Chemistry, 1962"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Wolfgang Pauli", "link_text": "Wolfgang Pauli , Physics, 1945"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Richard Kuhn", "link_text": "Richard Kuhn *, Chemistry, 1938"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Otto Loewi", "link_text": "Otto Loewi , born in Germany , Physiology or Medicine, 1936"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Victor Francis Hess", "link_text": "Victor Francis Hess , Physics, 1936"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger", "link_text": "Erwin Schr\u00f6dinger , Physics, 1933"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Karl Landsteiner", "link_text": "Karl Landsteiner , Physiology or Medicine, 1930"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Julius Wagner-Jauregg", "link_text": "Julius Wagner-Jauregg , Physiology or Medicine, 1927"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Richard Adolf Zsigmondy", "link_text": "Richard Adolf Zsigmondy , Chemistry, 1925"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Fritz Pregl", "link_text": "Fritz Pregl , born in Austria-Hungary, now Slovenia , Chemistry, 1923"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "R\u00f3bert B\u00e1r\u00e1ny", "link_text": "R\u00f3bert B\u00e1r\u00e1ny , Physiology or Medicine, 1914"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Alfred Hermann Fried", "link_text": "Alfred Hermann Fried , Peace, 1911"},
{"country": "Austria", "name": "Bertha von Suttner", "link_text": "Bertha von Suttner , born in the Austrian Empire, now Czech Republic , Peace, 1905"},
{"country": "Bangladesh", "name": "Muhammad Yunus", "link_text": "Muhammad Yunus , Peace, 2006"},
{"country": "Bangladesh", "name": "Grameen Bank", "link_text": "Grameen Bank , Peace, 2006"},
{"country": "Belarus", "name": "Svetlana Alexievich", "link_text": "Svetlana Alexievich , born in Ukraine , Literature, 2015"},
{"country": "Belarus", "name": "Zhores Alferov", "link_text": "Zhores Alferov *, Physics, 2000"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Fran\u00e7ois Englert", "link_text": "Fran\u00e7ois Englert , Physics, 2013"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Ilya Prigogine", "link_text": "Ilya Prigogine , born in Russia , Chemistry, 1977"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Christian de Duve", "link_text": "Christian de Duve , born in the United Kingdom , Physiology or Medicine, 1974"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Albert Claude", "link_text": "Albert Claude , Physiology or Medicine, 1974"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Dominique Pire", "link_text": "Dominique Pire , Peace, 1958"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Corneille Heymans", "link_text": "Corneille Heymans , Physiology or Medicine, 1938"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Jules Bordet", "link_text": "Jules Bordet , Physiology or Medicine, 1919"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Henri La Fontaine", "link_text": "Henri La Fontaine , Peace, 1913"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Maurice Maeterlinck", "link_text": "Maurice Maeterlinck , Literature, 1911"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Auguste Beernaert", "link_text": "Auguste Beernaert , Peace, 1909"},
{"country": "Belgium", "name": "Institut de Droit International", "link_text": "Institut de Droit International , Peace, 1904"},
{"country": "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "name": "Ivo Andri\u0107", "link_text": "Ivo Andri\u0107 *, born in Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina , Austria-Hungary (now Bosnia and Herzegovina ) , Literature, 1961"},
{"country": "Bosnia and Herzegovina", "name": "Vladimir Prelog", "link_text": "Vladimir Prelog *, born in Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina , Austria-Hungary (now Bosnia and Herzegovina ) , Chemistry, 1975"},
{"country": "Brazil", "name": "Peter Medawar", "link_text": "Peter Medawar *, Physiology or Medicine, 1960"},
{"country": "Bulgaria", "name": "Elias Canetti", "link_text": "Elias Canetti *, Literature, 1981"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "David Card", "link_text": "David Card , Economics, 2021"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Jim Peebles", "link_text": "Jim Peebles , Physics, 2019"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Donna Strickland", "link_text": "Donna Strickland , Physics, 2018"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Arthur B. McDonald", "link_text": "Arthur B. McDonald , Physics, 2015"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Alice Munro", "link_text": "Alice Munro , Literature, 2013"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Ralph M. Steinman", "link_text": "Ralph M. Steinman , Physiology or Medicine, 2011"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Willard S. Boyle", "link_text": "Willard S. Boyle *, Physics, 2009"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Jack W. Szostak", "link_text": "Jack W. Szostak , born in the United Kingdom , Physiology or Medicine, 2009"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Robert Mundell", "link_text": "Robert Mundell , Economics, 1999"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Myron Scholes", "link_text": "Myron Scholes *, Economics, 1997"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "William Vickrey", "link_text": "William Vickrey *, Economics, 1996"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs", "link_text": "Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs , Peace, 1995"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Bertram Brockhouse", "link_text": "Bertram Brockhouse , Physics, 1994"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Michael Smith", "link_text": "Michael Smith , born in the United Kingdom , Chemistry, 1993"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Rudolph A. Marcus", "link_text": "Rudolph A. Marcus *, Chemistry, 1992"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Richard E. Taylor", "link_text": "Richard E. Taylor , Physics, 1990"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Sidney Altman", "link_text": "Sidney Altman *, Chemistry, 1989"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "John Polanyi", "link_text": "John Polanyi , born in Germany , Chemistry, 1986"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Henry Taube", "link_text": "Henry Taube *, Chemistry, 1983"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "David H. Hubel", "link_text": "David H. Hubel *, Physiology or Medicine, 1981"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Saul Bellow", "link_text": "Saul Bellow *, Literature, 1976"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Gerhard Herzberg", "link_text": "Gerhard Herzberg , born in Germany , Chemistry, 1971"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Charles B. Huggins", "link_text": "Charles B. Huggins *, Physiology or Medicine, 1966"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Lester B. Pearson", "link_text": "Lester B. Pearson , Peace, 1957"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "William Giauque", "link_text": "William Giauque *, Chemistry, 1949"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Frederick G. Banting", "link_text": "Frederick G. Banting , Physiology or Medicine, 1923"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "John James Rickard Macleod", "link_text": "John James Rickard Macleod , born in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland , Physiology or Medicine, 1923"},
{"country": "Canada", "name": "Ernest Rutherford", "link_text": "Ernest Rutherford , born in New Zealand, Chemistry, 1908"},
{"country": "Chile", "name": "Pablo Neruda", "link_text": "Pablo Neruda , Literature, 1971"},
{"country": "Chile", "name": "Gabriela Mistral", "link_text": "Gabriela Mistral , Literature, 1945"},
{"country": "Taiwan, Republic of China", "name": "Yuan T. Lee", "link_text": "Yuan T. Lee , Chemistry, 1986*"},
{"country": "Taiwan, Republic of China", "name": "Samuel C. C. Ting", "link_text": "Samuel C. C. Ting , Physics 1976*"},
{"country": "Taiwan, Republic of China", "name": "Chen-Ning Yang", "link_text": "Chen-Ning Yang , Physics, 1957*"},
{"country": "Taiwan, Republic of China", "name": "Tsung-Dao Lee", "link_text": "Tsung-Dao Lee , Physics, 1957*"},
{"country": "China, (People's Republic of China)", "name": "Tu Youyou", "link_text": "Tu Youyou , Physiology or Medicine, 2015"},
{"country": "China, (People's Republic of China)", "name": "Mo Yan", "link_text": "Mo Yan , Literature, 2012"},
{"country": "China, (People's Republic of China)", "name": "Liu Xiaobo", "link_text": "Liu Xiaobo , Peace, 2010"},
{"country": "Colombia", "name": "Juan Manuel Santos Calder\u00f3n", "link_text": "Juan Manuel Santos Calder\u00f3n , Peace, 2016"},
{"country": "Colombia", "name": "Gabriel Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez", "link_text": "Gabriel Garc\u00eda M\u00e1rquez , Literature, 1982"},
{"country": "Congo, Democratic Republic", "name": "Denis Mukwege", "link_text": "Denis Mukwege , Peace, 2018"},
{"country": "Costa Rica", "name": "\u00d3scar Arias S\u00e1nchez", "link_text": "\u00d3scar Arias S\u00e1nchez , Peace, 1987"},
{"country": "Croatia", "name": "Leopold Ru\u017ei\u010dka", "link_text": "Leopold Ru\u017ei\u010dka *, Ethnic Croat and national born in the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia , Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Croatia ) , Chemistry, 1939"},
{"country": "Croatia", "name": "Vladimir Prelog", "link_text": "Vladimir Prelog *, Ethnic Croat and national born in Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina , Austro-Hungarian Empire (now Bosnia and Herzegovina ) , Chemistry, 1975"},
{"country": "Cyprus", "name": "Christopher A. Pissarides", "link_text": "Christopher A. Pissarides *, Economics, 2010"},
{"country": "Czech Republic", "name": "Peter Gr\u00fcnberg", "link_text": "Peter Gr\u00fcnberg *, born in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia , (now Czech Republic ) , Physics, 2007"},
{"country": "Czech Republic", "name": "Jaroslav Seifert", "link_text": "Jaroslav Seifert , born in Prague , Austria-Hungary , (now Czech Republic ) , Literature, 1984"},
{"country": "Czech Republic", "name": "Jaroslav Heyrovsk\u00fd", "link_text": "Jaroslav Heyrovsk\u00fd , born in Prague , Austria-Hungary , (now Czech Republic ) , Chemistry, 1959"},
{"country": "Czech Republic", "name": "Carl Ferdinand Cori", "link_text": "Carl Ferdinand Cori *, born in Prague , Austria-Hungary , (now Czech Republic ) , Physiology or Medicine, 1947"},
{"country": "Czech Republic", "name": "Gerty Cori", "link_text": "Gerty Cori *, born in Prague , Austria-Hungary , (now Czech Republic ) , Physiology or Medicine, 1947"},
{"country": "Czech Republic", "name": "Bertha von Suttner", "link_text": "Bertha von Suttner *, born in Prague , Austria-Hungary , (now Czech Republic ) , Peace, 1905"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Jens Christian Skou", "link_text": "Jens Christian Skou , Chemistry, 1997"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Niels Kaj Jerne", "link_text": "Niels Kaj Jerne , born in United Kingdom , Physiology or Medicine, 1984"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Aage Bohr", "link_text": "Aage Bohr , Physics, 1975"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Ben Roy Mottelson", "link_text": "Ben Roy Mottelson , born in United States , Physics, 1975"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Johannes V. Jensen", "link_text": "Johannes V. Jensen , Literature, 1944"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Henrik Dam", "link_text": "Henrik Dam , Physiology or Medicine, 1943"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Johannes Fibiger", "link_text": "Johannes Fibiger , Physiology or Medicine, 1926"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Niels Bohr", "link_text": "Niels Bohr , Physics, 1922"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "August Krogh", "link_text": "August Krogh , Physiology or Medicine, 1920"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Karl Adolph Gjellerup", "link_text": "Karl Adolph Gjellerup , Literature, 1917"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Henrik Pontoppidan", "link_text": "Henrik Pontoppidan , Literature, 1917"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Fredrik Bajer", "link_text": "Fredrik Bajer , Peace, 1908"},
{"country": "Denmark", "name": "Niels Ryberg Finsen", "link_text": "Niels Ryberg Finsen , born in Faroe Islands , Physiology or Medicine, 1903"},
{"country": "East Timor", "name": "Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo", "link_text": "Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo , Peace, 1996"},
{"country": "East Timor", "name": "Jos\u00e9 Ramos-Horta", "link_text": "Jos\u00e9 Ramos-Horta , Peace, 1996"},
{"country": "Egypt", "name": "Mohamed ElBaradei", "link_text": "Mohamed ElBaradei , Peace, 2005"},
{"country": "Egypt", "name": "Ahmed Zewail", "link_text": "Ahmed Zewail , Chemistry, 1999"},
{"country": "Egypt", "name": "Naguib Mahfouz", "link_text": "Naguib Mahfouz , Literature, 1988"},
{"country": "Egypt", "name": "Anwar Sadat", "link_text": "Anwar Sadat , Peace, 1978"},
{"country": "Ethiopia", "name": "Abiy Ahmed Ali", "link_text": "Abiy Ahmed Ali , Peace, 2019"},
{"country": "Faroe Islands", "name": "Niels Ryberg Finsen", "link_text": "Niels Ryberg Finsen *, Physiology or Medicine, 1903"},
{"country": "Finland", "name": "Bengt R. Holmstr\u00f6m", "link_text": "Bengt R. Holmstr\u00f6m , Economics, 2016"},
{"country": "Finland", "name": "Martti Ahtisaari", "link_text": "Martti Ahtisaari , Peace, 2008"},
{"country": "Finland", "name": "Ragnar Granit", "link_text": "Ragnar Granit , born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, a part of the Russian Empire in 1809\u20131917 , Physiology or Medicine, 1967"},
{"country": "Finland", "name": "Artturi Ilmari Virtanen", "link_text": "Artturi Ilmari Virtanen , born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, a part of the Russian Empire in 1809\u20131917 , Chemistry, 1945"},
{"country": "Finland", "name": "Frans Eemil Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4", "link_text": "Frans Eemil Sillanp\u00e4\u00e4 , born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, a part of the Russian Empire in 1809\u20131917 , Literature, 1939"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Emmanuelle Charpentier", "link_text": "Emmanuelle Charpentier , Chemistry, 2020"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Esther Duflo", "link_text": "Esther Duflo , Economics, 2019"},
{"country": "France", "name": "G\u00e9rard Mourou", "link_text": "G\u00e9rard Mourou , Physics, 2018"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jean-Pierre Sauvage", "link_text": "Jean-Pierre Sauvage , Chemistry, 2016"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jean Tirole", "link_text": "Jean Tirole , Economics, 2014"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Patrick Modiano", "link_text": "Patrick Modiano , Literature, 2014"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Serge Haroche", "link_text": "Serge Haroche , born in Morocco, then under French protectorate , Physics, 2012"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jules A. Hoffmann", "link_text": "Jules A. Hoffmann , born in Luxembourg , Physiology or Medicine, 2011"},
{"country": "France", "name": "J. M. G. Le Cl\u00e9zio", "link_text": "J. M. G. Le Cl\u00e9zio , Literature, 2008"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Luc Montagnier", "link_text": "Luc Montagnier , Physiology or Medicine, 2008"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Fran\u00e7oise Barr\u00e9-Sinoussi", "link_text": "Fran\u00e7oise Barr\u00e9-Sinoussi , Physiology or Medicine, 2008"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Albert Fert", "link_text": "Albert Fert , Physics, 2007"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Yves Chauvin", "link_text": "Yves Chauvin , Chemistry, 2005"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Gao Xingjian", "link_text": "Gao Xingjian , born in China , Literature, 2000"},
{"country": "France", "name": "M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res", "link_text": "M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res , Peace, 1999"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Claude Cohen-Tannoudji", "link_text": "Claude Cohen-Tannoudji , born in French Algeria , Physics, 1997"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Georges Charpak", "link_text": "Georges Charpak , born in then Poland (Second Polish Republic), now Ukraine , Physics, 1992"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Pierre-Gilles de Gennes", "link_text": "Pierre-Gilles de Gennes , Physics, 1991"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Maurice Allais", "link_text": "Maurice Allais , Economics, 1988"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jean-Marie Lehn", "link_text": "Jean-Marie Lehn , Chemistry, 1987"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Claude Simon", "link_text": "Claude Simon , Literature, 1985"},
{"country": "France", "name": "G\u00e9rard Debreu", "link_text": "G\u00e9rard Debreu , Economics, 1983"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jean Dausset", "link_text": "Jean Dausset , Physiology or Medicine, 1980"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Roger Guillemin", "link_text": "Roger Guillemin *, Physiology or Medicine, 1977"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Se\u00e1n MacBride", "link_text": "Se\u00e1n MacBride *, Peace, 1974"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Louis N\u00e9el", "link_text": "Louis N\u00e9el , Physics, 1970"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Luis Federico Leloir", "link_text": "Luis Federico Leloir *, Chemistry, 1970"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Ren\u00e9 Cassin", "link_text": "Ren\u00e9 Cassin , Peace, 1968"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Alfred Kastler", "link_text": "Alfred Kastler , Physics, 1966"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Fran\u00e7ois Jacob", "link_text": "Fran\u00e7ois Jacob , Physiology or Medicine, 1965"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jacques Monod", "link_text": "Jacques Monod , Physiology or Medicine, 1965"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Andr\u00e9 Lwoff", "link_text": "Andr\u00e9 Lwoff , Physiology or Medicine, 1965"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jean-Paul Sartre", "link_text": "Jean-Paul Sartre , Literature, 1964 (declined the prize)"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Saint-John Perse", "link_text": "Saint-John Perse , Literature, 1960"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Albert Camus", "link_text": "Albert Camus , born in French Algeria , Literature, 1957"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Andr\u00e9 Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Cournand", "link_text": "Andr\u00e9 Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Cournand , Physiology or Medicine, 1956"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Fran\u00e7ois Mauriac", "link_text": "Fran\u00e7ois Mauriac , Literature, 1952"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Albert Schweitzer", "link_text": "Albert Schweitzer , born in Alsace, then in Germany , Peace, 1952"},
{"country": "France", "name": "L\u00e9on Jouhaux", "link_text": "L\u00e9on Jouhaux , Peace, 1951"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Andr\u00e9 Gide", "link_text": "Andr\u00e9 Gide , Literature, 1947"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Roger Martin du Gard", "link_text": "Roger Martin du Gard , Literature, 1937"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Joliot-Curie", "link_text": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Joliot-Curie , Chemistry, 1935"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Ir\u00e8ne Joliot-Curie", "link_text": "Ir\u00e8ne Joliot-Curie , Chemistry, 1935"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Ivan Bunin", "link_text": "Ivan Bunin , born in Russia , Literature, 1933"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Louis de Broglie", "link_text": "Louis de Broglie , Physics, 1929"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Charles Nicolle", "link_text": "Charles Nicolle , Physiology or Medicine, 1928"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Henri Bergson", "link_text": "Henri Bergson , Literature, 1927"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Ferdinand Buisson", "link_text": "Ferdinand Buisson , Peace, 1927"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Aristide Briand", "link_text": "Aristide Briand , Peace, 1926"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Jean Baptiste Perrin", "link_text": "Jean Baptiste Perrin , Physics, 1926"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Anatole France", "link_text": "Anatole France , Literature, 1921"},
{"country": "France", "name": "L\u00e9on Bourgeois", "link_text": "L\u00e9on Bourgeois , Peace, 1920"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Romain Rolland", "link_text": "Romain Rolland , Literature, 1915"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Alfred Werner", "link_text": "Alfred Werner *, Chemistry, 1913"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Charles Richet", "link_text": "Charles Richet , Physiology or Medicine, 1913"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Alexis Carrel", "link_text": "Alexis Carrel , Physiology or Medicine, 1912"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Paul Sabatier", "link_text": "Paul Sabatier , Chemistry, 1912"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Victor Grignard", "link_text": "Victor Grignard , Chemistry, 1912"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Marie Curie", "link_text": "Marie Curie , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Chemistry, 1911"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant", "link_text": "Paul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant , Peace, 1909"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Gabriel Lippmann", "link_text": "Gabriel Lippmann , born in Luxembourg , Physics, 1908"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran", "link_text": "Charles Louis Alphonse Laveran , Physiology or Medicine, 1907"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Louis Renault", "link_text": "Louis Renault , Peace, 1907"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Henri Moissan", "link_text": "Henri Moissan , Chemistry, 1906"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Mistral", "link_text": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Mistral , Literature, 1904"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Antoine Henri Becquerel", "link_text": "Antoine Henri Becquerel , Physics, 1903"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Pierre Curie", "link_text": "Pierre Curie , Physics, 1903"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Marie Curie", "link_text": "Marie Curie , born in Congress Poland, (Russian Empire) , Physics, 1903"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Henry Dunant", "link_text": "Henry Dunant , born in the Swiss Confederation , Peace, 1901"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Passy", "link_text": "Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric Passy , Peace, 1901"},
{"country": "France", "name": "Sully Prudhomme", "link_text": "Sully Prudhomme , Literature, 1901"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Benjamin List", "link_text": "Benjamin List , Chemistry, 2021"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Klaus Hasselmann", "link_text": "Klaus Hasselmann , Physics, 2021"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Reinhard Genzel", "link_text": "Reinhard Genzel , Physics, 2020"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Joachim Frank", "link_text": "Joachim Frank *, Chemistry, 2017"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Rainer Weiss", "link_text": "Rainer Weiss *, Physics, 2017"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Stefan Hell", "link_text": "Stefan Hell , born in Romania , Chemistry, 2014"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Thomas C. S\u00fcdhof", "link_text": "Thomas C. S\u00fcdhof , Physiology or Medicine, 2013"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Herta M\u00fcller", "link_text": "Herta M\u00fcller , born in Romania , Literature, 2009"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Harald zur Hausen", "link_text": "Harald zur Hausen , Physiology or Medicine, 2008"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Gerhard Ertl", "link_text": "Gerhard Ertl , Chemistry, 2007"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Peter Gr\u00fcnberg", "link_text": "Peter Gr\u00fcnberg , born in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia , now the Czech Republic , Physics, 2007"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Theodor W. H\u00e4nsch", "link_text": "Theodor W. H\u00e4nsch , Physics, 2005"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Wolfgang Ketterle", "link_text": "Wolfgang Ketterle , Physics, 2001"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Herbert Kroemer", "link_text": "Herbert Kroemer , Physics, 2000"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "G\u00fcnter Blobel", "link_text": "G\u00fcnter Blobel *, Physiology or Medicine, 1999"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "G\u00fcnter Grass", "link_text": "G\u00fcnter Grass , born in Free City of Danzig , now Poland , Literature, 1999"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Horst L. St\u00f6rmer", "link_text": "Horst L. St\u00f6rmer , Physics, 1998"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Paul J. Crutzen", "link_text": "Paul J. Crutzen , Chemistry, 1995"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Christiane N\u00fcsslein-Volhard", "link_text": "Christiane N\u00fcsslein-Volhard , Physiology or Medicine, 1995"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Reinhard Selten", "link_text": "Reinhard Selten , Economics, 1994"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Bert Sakmann", "link_text": "Bert Sakmann , Physiology or Medicine, 1991"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Erwin Neher", "link_text": "Erwin Neher , Physiology or Medicine, 1991"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hans G. Dehmelt", "link_text": "Hans G. Dehmelt *, Physics, 1989"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Wolfgang Paul", "link_text": "Wolfgang Paul , Physics, 1989"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Johann Deisenhofer", "link_text": "Johann Deisenhofer , Chemistry, 1988"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Robert Huber", "link_text": "Robert Huber , Chemistry, 1988"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hartmut Michel", "link_text": "Hartmut Michel , Chemistry, 1988"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Jack Steinberger", "link_text": "Jack Steinberger *, Physics, 1988"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "J. Georg Bednorz", "link_text": "J. Georg Bednorz , Physics, 1987"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "John Polanyi", "link_text": "John Polanyi *, Chemistry, 1986"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Ernst Ruska", "link_text": "Ernst Ruska , Physics, 1986"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Gerd Binnig", "link_text": "Gerd Binnig , Physics, 1986"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Klaus von Klitzing", "link_text": "Klaus von Klitzing , Physics, 1985"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Georges J.F. K\u00f6hler", "link_text": "Georges J.F. K\u00f6hler *, Physiology or Medicine, 1984"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Georg Wittig", "link_text": "Georg Wittig , Chemistry, 1979"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Arno Penzias", "link_text": "Arno Penzias *, Physics, 1978"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Henry Kissinger", "link_text": "Henry Kissinger *, Peace, 1978"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Ernst Otto Fischer", "link_text": "Ernst Otto Fischer , Chemistry, 1973"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Karl von Frisch", "link_text": "Karl von Frisch , born in Austria-Hungary , now Austria , Physiology or Medicine, 1973"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Heinrich B\u00f6ll", "link_text": "Heinrich B\u00f6ll , Literature, 1972"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Gerhard Herzberg", "link_text": "Gerhard Herzberg *, Chemistry, 1971"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Willy Brandt", "link_text": "Willy Brandt , Peace, 1971"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Bernard Katz", "link_text": "Bernard Katz *, Physiology or Medicine, 1970"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Max Delbr\u00fcck", "link_text": "Max Delbr\u00fcck *, Physiology or Medicine, 1969"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Manfred Eigen", "link_text": "Manfred Eigen , Chemistry, 1967"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hans Bethe", "link_text": "Hans Bethe *, Physics, 1967"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Nelly Sachs", "link_text": "Nelly Sachs *, Literature, 1966"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen", "link_text": "Feodor Felix Konrad Lynen , Physiology or Medicine, 1964"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Konrad Bloch", "link_text": "Konrad Bloch *, Physiology or Medicine, 1964"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Karl Ziegler", "link_text": "Karl Ziegler , Chemistry, 1963"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Maria Goeppert-Mayer", "link_text": "Maria Goeppert-Mayer *, Physics, 1963"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "J. Hans D. Jensen", "link_text": "J. Hans D. Jensen , Physics, 1963"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Rudolf M\u00f6ssbauer", "link_text": "Rudolf M\u00f6ssbauer , Physics, 1961"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Werner Forssmann", "link_text": "Werner Forssmann , Physiology or Medicine, 1956"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Polykarp Kusch", "link_text": "Polykarp Kusch *, Physics, 1955"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Max Born", "link_text": "Max Born *, Physics, 1954"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Walther Bothe", "link_text": "Walther Bothe , Physics, 1954"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hermann Staudinger", "link_text": "Hermann Staudinger , Chemistry, 1953"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Fritz Albert Lipmann", "link_text": "Fritz Albert Lipmann *, Physiology or Medicine, 1953"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hans Adolf Krebs", "link_text": "Hans Adolf Krebs *, Physiology or Medicine, 1953"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Albert Schweitzer", "link_text": "Albert Schweitzer *, Peace, 1952"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Otto Diels", "link_text": "Otto Diels , Chemistry, 1950"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Kurt Alder", "link_text": "Kurt Alder , Chemistry, 1950"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hermann Hesse", "link_text": "Hermann Hesse *, Literature, 1946"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Ernst Boris Chain", "link_text": "Ernst Boris Chain *, Physiology or Medicine, 1945"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Otto Hahn", "link_text": "Otto Hahn , Chemistry, 1944"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Otto Stern", "link_text": "Otto Stern *, Physics, 1943"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Adolf Butenandt", "link_text": "Adolf Butenandt , Chemistry, 1939"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Gerhard Domagk", "link_text": "Gerhard Domagk , Physiology or Medicine, 1939"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Richard Kuhn", "link_text": "Richard Kuhn , born in Austria-Hungary , now Austria , Chemistry, 1938"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Otto Loewi", "link_text": "Otto Loewi *, Physiology or Medicine, 1936"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Carl von Ossietzky", "link_text": "Carl von Ossietzky , Peace, 1935"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hans Spemann", "link_text": "Hans Spemann , Physiology or Medicine, 1935"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Werner Karl Heisenberg", "link_text": "Werner Karl Heisenberg , Physics, 1932"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Otto Heinrich Warburg", "link_text": "Otto Heinrich Warburg , Physiology or Medicine, 1931"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Carl Bosch", "link_text": "Carl Bosch , Chemistry, 1931"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Friedrich Bergius", "link_text": "Friedrich Bergius , Chemistry, 1931"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hans Fischer", "link_text": "Hans Fischer , Chemistry, 1930"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Thomas Mann", "link_text": "Thomas Mann , Literature, 1929"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hans von Euler-Chelpin", "link_text": "Hans von Euler-Chelpin *, Chemistry, 1929"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus", "link_text": "Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus , Chemistry, 1928"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Ludwig Quidde", "link_text": "Ludwig Quidde , Peace, 1927"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Heinrich Otto Wieland", "link_text": "Heinrich Otto Wieland , Chemistry, 1927"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Gustav Stresemann", "link_text": "Gustav Stresemann , Peace, 1926"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "James Franck", "link_text": "James Franck , Physics, 1925"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Gustav Ludwig Hertz", "link_text": "Gustav Ludwig Hertz , Physics, 1925"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Otto Fritz Meyerhof", "link_text": "Otto Fritz Meyerhof , Physiology or Medicine, 1922"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Albert Einstein", "link_text": "Albert Einstein , Physics, 1921"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Walther Nernst", "link_text": "Walther Nernst , Chemistry, 1920"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Johannes Stark", "link_text": "Johannes Stark , Physics, 1919"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Fritz Haber", "link_text": "Fritz Haber , Chemistry, 1918"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck", "link_text": "Max Karl Ernst Ludwig Planck , Physics, 1918"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Richard Willst\u00e4tter", "link_text": "Richard Willst\u00e4tter , Chemistry, 1915"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Max von Laue", "link_text": "Max von Laue , Physics, 1914"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Gerhart Hauptmann", "link_text": "Gerhart Hauptmann , born in Prussia , now Poland , Literature, 1912"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Wilhelm Wien", "link_text": "Wilhelm Wien , Physics, 1911"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Otto Wallach", "link_text": "Otto Wallach , Chemistry, 1910"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Albrecht Kossel", "link_text": "Albrecht Kossel , Physiology or Medicine, 1910"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse", "link_text": "Paul Johann Ludwig Heyse , Literature, 1910"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Karl Ferdinand Braun", "link_text": "Karl Ferdinand Braun , Physics, 1909"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Wilhelm Ostwald", "link_text": "Wilhelm Ostwald , born in Russia , now Latvia , Chemistry, 1909"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Rudolf Christoph Eucken", "link_text": "Rudolf Christoph Eucken , Literature, 1908"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Paul Ehrlich", "link_text": "Paul Ehrlich , Physiology or Medicine, 1908"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Eduard Buchner", "link_text": "Eduard Buchner , Chemistry, 1907"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Robert Koch", "link_text": "Robert Koch , Physiology or Medicine, 1905"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Philipp Lenard", "link_text": "Philipp Lenard , born in Pressburg , Kingdom of Hungary , Austrian Empire , now Slovakia , Physics, 1905"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Adolf von Baeyer", "link_text": "Adolf von Baeyer , Chemistry, 1905"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Hermann Emil Fischer", "link_text": "Hermann Emil Fischer , Chemistry, 1902"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Theodor Mommsen", "link_text": "Theodor Mommsen , born in Duchy of Schleswig , Literature, 1902"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Emil Adolf von Behring", "link_text": "Emil Adolf von Behring , Physiology or Medicine, 1901"},
{"country": "Germany", "name": "Wilhelm Conrad R\u00f6ntgen", "link_text": "Wilhelm Conrad R\u00f6ntgen , Physics, 1901"},
{"country": "Ghana", "name": "Kofi Annan", "link_text": "Kofi Annan , Peace, 2001"},
{"country": "Greece", "name": "Odysseas Elytis", "link_text": "Odysseas Elytis , Literature, 1979"},
{"country": "Greece", "name": "Giorgos Seferis", "link_text": "Giorgos Seferis , Literature, 1963"},
{"country": "Guatemala", "name": "Rigoberta Mench\u00fa", "link_text": "Rigoberta Mench\u00fa , Peace, 1992"},
{"country": "Guatemala", "name": "Miguel \u00c1ngel Asturias", "link_text": "Miguel \u00c1ngel Asturias , Literature, 1967"},
{"country": "Hong Kong", "name": "Charles K. Kao", "link_text": "Charles K. Kao , Physics, 2009"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Avram Hershko", "link_text": "Avram Hershko *, as an Israeli citizen , Chemistry, 2004"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Imre Kert\u00e9sz", "link_text": "Imre Kert\u00e9sz , Literature, 2002"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "George Andrew Olah", "link_text": "George Andrew Olah , Chemistry, 1994"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "John Harsanyi", "link_text": "John Harsanyi , Economics, 1994"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "John Polanyi", "link_text": "John Polanyi , born in Germany , Chemistry, 1986"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Dennis Gabor", "link_text": "Dennis Gabor , Physics, 1971"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Eugene Wigner", "link_text": "Eugene Wigner , Physics, 1963"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Georg von B\u00e9k\u00e9sy", "link_text": "Georg von B\u00e9k\u00e9sy , Physiology or Medicine, 1961"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "George de Hevesy", "link_text": "George de Hevesy , Chemistry, 1943"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi", "link_text": "Albert Szent-Gy\u00f6rgyi , Physiology or Medicine, 1937"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Richard Adolf Zsigmondy", "link_text": "Richard Adolf Zsigmondy , Chemistry, 1925"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "R\u00f3bert B\u00e1r\u00e1ny", "link_text": "R\u00f3bert B\u00e1r\u00e1ny , born in Austria , Medicine, 1914"},
{"country": "Hungary", "name": "Philipp Lenard", "link_text": "Philipp Lenard , Physics, 1905"},
{"country": "Iceland", "name": "Halld\u00f3r Laxness", "link_text": "Halld\u00f3r Laxness , Literature, 1955"},
{"country": "India", "name": "Kailash Satyarthi", "link_text": "Kailash Satyarthi , Peace, 2014"},
{"country": "India", "name": "Amartya Sen", "link_text": "Amartya Sen , Economics, 1998"},
{"country": "India", "name": "Mother Teresa", "link_text": "Mother Teresa , born in then Ottoman Empire, now North Macedonia , Peace, 1979"},
{"country": "India", "name": "C. V. Raman", "link_text": "C. V. Raman , Physics, 1930"},
{"country": "India", "name": "Rabindranath Tagore", "link_text": "Rabindranath Tagore , Literature, 1913"},
{"country": "Iran", "name": "Shirin Ebadi", "link_text": "Shirin Ebadi , Peace, 2003"},
{"country": "Iraq", "name": "Nadia Murad", "link_text": "Nadia Murad , Peace, 2018"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "William C. Campbell", "link_text": "William C. Campbell , Physiology or Medicine, 2015"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "John Hume", "link_text": "John Hume , Peace, 1998"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "David Trimble", "link_text": "David Trimble , Peace, 1998"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "S\u00e9amus Heaney", "link_text": "S\u00e9amus Heaney , Literature, 1995"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "Mairead Corrigan", "link_text": "Mairead Corrigan , Peace, 1976"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "Betty Williams", "link_text": "Betty Williams , Peace, 1976"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "Se\u00e1n MacBride", "link_text": "Se\u00e1n MacBride , born in France , Peace, 1974"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "Samuel Beckett", "link_text": "Samuel Beckett , Literature, 1969"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "Ernest Walton", "link_text": "Ernest Walton , Physics, 1951"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "George Bernard Shaw", "link_text": "George Bernard Shaw *, Literature, 1925"},
{"country": "Ireland", "name": "W. B. Yeats", "link_text": "W. B. Yeats , Literature, 1923"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Joshua Angrist", "link_text": "Joshua Angrist , born in the United States , Economics, 2021"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Arieh Warshel", "link_text": "Arieh Warshel , Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Michael Levitt", "link_text": "Michael Levitt , born in South Africa , Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Dan Shechtman", "link_text": "Dan Shechtman , Chemistry, 2011"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Ada Yonath", "link_text": "Ada Yonath , Chemistry, 2009"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Robert Aumann", "link_text": "Robert Aumann , born in Germany , moved to Israel from the United States , Economics, 2005"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Aaron Ciechanover", "link_text": "Aaron Ciechanover , Chemistry, 2004"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Avram Hershko", "link_text": "Avram Hershko , born in Hungary , Chemistry, 2004"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Daniel Kahneman", "link_text": "Daniel Kahneman , Economics, 2002"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Yitzhak Rabin", "link_text": "Yitzhak Rabin , Peace, 1994"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Shimon Peres", "link_text": "Shimon Peres , born in Poland , now Belarus , Peace, 1994"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Menachem Begin", "link_text": "Menachem Begin , born in Russia , now Belarus , Peace, 1978"},
{"country": "Israel", "name": "Shmuel Yosef Agnon", "link_text": "Shmuel Yosef Agnon , born in Austria-Hungary , now Ukraine , Literature, 1966"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Giorgio Parisi", "link_text": "Giorgio Parisi , Physics, 2021"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Mario R. Capecchi", "link_text": "Mario R. Capecchi *, Physiology or Medicine, 2007"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Riccardo Giacconi", "link_text": "Riccardo Giacconi *, Physics, 2002"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Dario Fo", "link_text": "Dario Fo , Literature, 1997"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Rita Levi-Montalcini", "link_text": "Rita Levi-Montalcini , Physiology or Medicine, 1986"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Franco Modigliani", "link_text": "Franco Modigliani *, Economics, 1985"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Carlo Rubbia", "link_text": "Carlo Rubbia , Physics, 1984"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Eugenio Montale", "link_text": "Eugenio Montale , Literature, 1975"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Renato Dulbecco", "link_text": "Renato Dulbecco *, Physiology or Medicine, 1975"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Salvador Luria", "link_text": "Salvador Luria *, Physiology or Medicine, 1969"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Giulio Natta", "link_text": "Giulio Natta , Chemistry, 1963"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Emilio Segr\u00e8", "link_text": "Emilio Segr\u00e8 *, Physics, 1959"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Salvatore Quasimodo", "link_text": "Salvatore Quasimodo , Literature, 1959"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Daniel Bovet", "link_text": "Daniel Bovet , born in Switzerland , Physiology or Medicine, 1957"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Enrico Fermi", "link_text": "Enrico Fermi , Physics, 1938"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Luigi Pirandello", "link_text": "Luigi Pirandello , Literature, 1934"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Grazia Deledda", "link_text": "Grazia Deledda , Literature, 1926"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Guglielmo Marconi", "link_text": "Guglielmo Marconi , Physics, 1909"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Ernesto Teodoro Moneta", "link_text": "Ernesto Teodoro Moneta , Peace, 1907"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Camillo Golgi", "link_text": "Camillo Golgi , Physiology or Medicine, 1906"},
{"country": "Italy", "name": "Giosu\u00e8 Carducci", "link_text": "Giosu\u00e8 Carducci , Literature, 1906"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Syukuro Manabe", "link_text": "Syukuro Manabe *, Physics, 2021"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Akira Yoshino", "link_text": "Akira Yoshino , Chemistry, 2019"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Tasuku Honjo", "link_text": "Tasuku Honjo , Physiology or Medicine, 2018"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Kazuo Ishiguro", "link_text": "Kazuo Ishiguro *, Literature, 2017"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Yoshinori Ohsumi", "link_text": "Yoshinori Ohsumi , Physiology or Medicine, 2016"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Takaaki Kajita", "link_text": "Takaaki Kajita , Physics, 2015"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Satoshi \u014cmura", "link_text": "Satoshi \u014cmura , Physiology or Medicine, 2015"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Shuji Nakamura", "link_text": "Shuji Nakamura *, Physics, 2014"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Hiroshi Amano", "link_text": "Hiroshi Amano , Physics, 2014"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Isamu Akasaki", "link_text": "Isamu Akasaki , Physics, 2014"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Shinya Yamanaka", "link_text": "Shinya Yamanaka , Physiology or Medicine, 2012"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Akira Suzuki", "link_text": "Akira Suzuki , Chemistry, 2010"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Ei-ichi Negishi", "link_text": "Ei-ichi Negishi , Born in China , Chemistry, 2010"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Osamu Shimomura", "link_text": "Osamu Shimomura , Chemistry, 2008"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Toshihide Maskawa", "link_text": "Toshihide Maskawa , Physics, 2008"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Makoto Kobayashi", "link_text": "Makoto Kobayashi , Physics, 2008"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Yoichiro Nambu", "link_text": "Yoichiro Nambu *, Physics, 2008"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Koichi Tanaka", "link_text": "Koichi Tanaka , Chemistry, 2002"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Masatoshi Koshiba", "link_text": "Masatoshi Koshiba , Physics, 2002"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Ry\u014dji Noyori", "link_text": "Ry\u014dji Noyori , Chemistry, 2001"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Hideki Shirakawa", "link_text": "Hideki Shirakawa , Chemistry, 2000"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Kenzabur\u014d \u014ce", "link_text": "Kenzabur\u014d \u014ce , Literature, 1994"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Susumu Tonegawa", "link_text": "Susumu Tonegawa , Physiology or Medicine, 1987"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Kenichi Fukui", "link_text": "Kenichi Fukui , Chemistry, 1981"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Eisaku Sat\u014d", "link_text": "Eisaku Sat\u014d , Peace, 1974"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Leo Esaki", "link_text": "Leo Esaki , Physics, 1973"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Yasunari Kawabata", "link_text": "Yasunari Kawabata , Literature, 1968"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Sin-Itiro Tomonaga", "link_text": "Sin-Itiro Tomonaga , Physics, 1965"},
{"country": "Japan", "name": "Hideki Yukawa", "link_text": "Hideki Yukawa , Physics, 1949"},
{"country": "Kenya", "name": "Wangari Maathai", "link_text": "Wangari Maathai , Peace, 2004"},
{"country": "Lebanon", "name": "Ardem Patapoutian", "link_text": "Ardem Patapoutian *, Physiology or Medicine, 2021"},
{"country": "Liberia", "name": "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf", "link_text": "Ellen Johnson Sirleaf , Peace, 2011"},
{"country": "Liberia", "name": "Leymah Gbowee", "link_text": "Leymah Gbowee , Peace, 2011"},
{"country": "Lithuania", "name": "Aaron Klug", "link_text": "Aaron Klug *, Chemistry, 1982"},
{"country": "Luxembourg", "name": "Jules A. Hoffmann", "link_text": "Jules A. Hoffmann *, Physiology or Medicine, 2011"},
{"country": "Luxembourg", "name": "Gabriel Lippmann", "link_text": "Gabriel Lippmann *, Physics, 1908"},
{"country": "North Macedonia", "name": "Mother Teresa", "link_text": "Mother Teresa *, born in then Ottoman Empire, now North Macedonia , Peace, 1979"},
{"country": "Mexico", "name": "Mario Jos\u00e9 Molina Henr\u00edquez", "link_text": "Mario Jos\u00e9 Molina Henr\u00edquez *, Chemistry, 1995"},
{"country": "Mexico", "name": "Octavio Paz Lozano", "link_text": "Octavio Paz Lozano , Literature, 1990"},
{"country": "Mexico", "name": "Alfonso Garc\u00eda Robles", "link_text": "Alfonso Garc\u00eda Robles , Peace, 1982"},
{"country": "Myanmar (Burma)", "name": "Aung San Suu Kyi", "link_text": "Aung San Suu Kyi , Peace, 1991"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Guido Imbens", "link_text": "Guido Imbens , Economics, 2021"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Ben Feringa", "link_text": "Ben Feringa , Chemistry, 2016"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons", "link_text": "Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons , Peace, 2013"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Andre Geim", "link_text": "Andre Geim , born in Soviet Union, now Russia , Physics, 2010"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Martinus J. G. Veltman", "link_text": "Martinus J. G. Veltman , Physics, 1999"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Gerard 't Hooft", "link_text": "Gerard 't Hooft , Physics, 1999"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Paul J. Crutzen", "link_text": "Paul J. Crutzen , Chemistry, 1995"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Simon van der Meer", "link_text": "Simon van der Meer , Physics, 1984"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Nicolaas Bloembergen", "link_text": "Nicolaas Bloembergen *, Physics, 1981"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Tjalling C. Koopmans", "link_text": "Tjalling C. Koopmans , Economics, 1975"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Nikolaas Tinbergen", "link_text": "Nikolaas Tinbergen *, Physiology or Medicine, 1973"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Jan Tinbergen", "link_text": "Jan Tinbergen , Economics, 1969"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Frits Zernike", "link_text": "Frits Zernike , Physics, 1953"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Peter Debye", "link_text": "Peter Debye , Chemistry, 1936"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Christiaan Eijkman", "link_text": "Christiaan Eijkman , Physiology or Medicine, 1929"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Willem Einthoven", "link_text": "Willem Einthoven , Physiology or Medicine, 1924"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Heike Kamerlingh Onnes", "link_text": "Heike Kamerlingh Onnes , Physics, 1913"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Tobias Asser", "link_text": "Tobias Asser , Peace, 1911"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Johannes Diderik van der Waals", "link_text": "Johannes Diderik van der Waals , Physics, 1910"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Pieter Zeeman", "link_text": "Pieter Zeeman , Physics, 1902"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Hendrik Lorentz", "link_text": "Hendrik Lorentz , Physics, 1902"},
{"country": "Netherlands", "name": "Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff", "link_text": "Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff , Chemistry, 1901"},
{"country": "New Zealand", "name": "Alan MacDiarmid", "link_text": "Alan MacDiarmid , Chemistry, 2000"},
{"country": "New Zealand", "name": "Maurice Wilkins", "link_text": "Maurice Wilkins , Physiology or Medicine, 1962"},
{"country": "New Zealand", "name": "Ernest Rutherford", "link_text": "Ernest Rutherford *, Chemistry, 1908"},
{"country": "Nigeria", "name": "Wole Soyinka", "link_text": "Wole Soyinka , Literature, 1986"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "May-Britt Moser", "link_text": "May-Britt Moser , Physiology or Medicine, 2014"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Edvard Moser", "link_text": "Edvard Moser , Physiology or Medicine, 2014"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Finn E. Kydland", "link_text": "Finn E. Kydland , Economics, 2004"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Trygve Haavelmo", "link_text": "Trygve Haavelmo , Economics, 1989"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Ivar Giaever", "link_text": "Ivar Giaever , Physics, 1973"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Ragnar Frisch", "link_text": "Ragnar Frisch , Economics, 1969"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Odd Hassel", "link_text": "Odd Hassel , Chemistry, 1969"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Lars Onsager", "link_text": "Lars Onsager , Chemistry, 1968"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Sigrid Undset", "link_text": "Sigrid Undset , Literature, 1928"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Fridtjof Nansen", "link_text": "Fridtjof Nansen , Peace, 1922"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Christian Lous Lange", "link_text": "Christian Lous Lange , Peace, 1921"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Knut Hamsun", "link_text": "Knut Hamsun , Literature, 1920"},
{"country": "Norway", "name": "Bj\u00f8rnstjerne Bj\u00f8rnson", "link_text": "Bj\u00f8rnstjerne Bj\u00f8rnson , Literature, 1903"},
{"country": "Pakistan", "name": "Malala Yousafzai", "link_text": "Malala Yousafzai , Peace, 2014"},
{"country": "Pakistan", "name": "Abdus Salam", "link_text": "Abdus Salam , born in British India, (now Pakistan) , Physics, 1979"},
{"country": "Palestine", "name": "Yasser Arafat", "link_text": "Yasser Arafat , Born in Cairo, Egypt , Peace, 1994"},
{"country": "Peru", "name": "Mario Vargas Llosa", "link_text": "Mario Vargas Llosa *, Literature, 2010"},
{"country": "Philippines", "name": "Maria Ressa", "link_text": "Maria Ressa , Peace, 2021"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Olga Tokarczuk", "link_text": "Olga Tokarczuk , Literature, 2018"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Leonid Hurwicz", "link_text": "Leonid Hurwicz *, born in then Russian Republic (now Russia) , Economics, 2007"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Wis\u0142awa Szymborska", "link_text": "Wis\u0142awa Szymborska , Literature, 1996"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Joseph Rotblat", "link_text": "Joseph Rotblat *, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Peace, 1995"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Shimon Peres", "link_text": "Shimon Peres *, as an Israeli citizen , Peace, 1994"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Georges Charpak", "link_text": "Georges Charpak *, born in D\u0105browica Poland (now in Ukraine) , Physics, 1992"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Lech Wa\u0142\u0119sa", "link_text": "Lech Wa\u0142\u0119sa , born in Popowo , Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia , Germany (today in Poland ) , Peace, 1983"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Roald Hoffmann", "link_text": "Roald Hoffmann *, born in Z\u0142ocz\u00f3w Poland (now in Ukraine) , Chemistry, 1981"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Czes\u0142aw Mi\u0142osz", "link_text": "Czes\u0142aw Mi\u0142osz , born in Russian Empire, now Lithuania , Literature, 1980"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Isaac Bashevis Singer", "link_text": "Isaac Bashevis Singer *, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Literature, 1978"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Menachem Begin", "link_text": "Menachem Begin *, as an Israeli citizen, he also had Polish citizenship , Peace, 1978"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Andrew Schally", "link_text": "Andrew Schally *, born in Wilno, Poland (now Vilnius, Lithuania) , Physiology or Medicine, 1977"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Tadeusz Reichstein", "link_text": "Tadeusz Reichstein *, born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Physiology or Medicine, 1950"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Isidor Isaac Rabi", "link_text": "Isidor Isaac Rabi *, born in Ryman\u00f3w , Austria-Hungary (now in Poland) , Physics, 1944"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Reymont", "link_text": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Reymont , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Literature, 1924"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", "link_text": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Chemistry, 1911"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Albert A. Michelson", "link_text": "Albert A. Michelson *, born in Strelno , North German Confederation (now in Poland) , Physics, 1907"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Henryk Sienkiewicz", "link_text": "Henryk Sienkiewicz , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Literature, 1905"},
{"country": "Poland", "name": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", "link_text": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire) , Physics, 1903"},
{"country": "Portugal", "name": "Jos\u00e9 de Sousa Saramago", "link_text": "Jos\u00e9 de Sousa Saramago , Literature, 1998"},
{"country": "Portugal", "name": "Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo", "link_text": "Carlos Filipe Ximenes Belo *, born in then Portuguese Timor, now East Timor , Peace, 1996"},
{"country": "Portugal", "name": "Jos\u00e9 Ramos-Horta", "link_text": "Jos\u00e9 Ramos-Horta *, born in then Portuguese Timor, now East Timor , Peace, 1996"},
{"country": "Portugal", "name": "Ant\u00f3nio Egas Moniz", "link_text": "Ant\u00f3nio Egas Moniz , Physiology or Medicine, 1949"},
{"country": "Romania", "name": "Stefan Hell", "link_text": "Stefan Hell *, Chemistry, 2014"},
{"country": "Romania", "name": "Herta M\u00fcller", "link_text": "Herta M\u00fcller *, Literature, 2009"},
{"country": "Romania", "name": "Elie Wiesel", "link_text": "Elie Wiesel *, Peace, 1986"},
{"country": "Romania", "name": "George E. Palade", "link_text": "George E. Palade *, Physiology or Medicine, 1974"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Dmitry Muratov", "link_text": "Dmitry Muratov , Peace, 2021"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Andre Geim", "link_text": "Andre Geim *, Physics, 2010"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Konstantin Novoselov", "link_text": "Konstantin Novoselov *, Physics, 2010"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Leonid Hurwicz", "link_text": "Leonid Hurwicz *, Economics, 2007"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov", "link_text": "Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov *, Physics, 2003"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Vitaly Ginzburg", "link_text": "Vitaly Ginzburg , Physics, 2003"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Zhores Alferov", "link_text": "Zhores Alferov , born in then Soviet Union, now Belarus , Physics, 2000"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Mikhail Gorbachev", "link_text": "Mikhail Gorbachev , Peace, 1990"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Joseph Brodsky", "link_text": "Joseph Brodsky , born in Russia, Literature, 1987"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Pyotr Kapitsa", "link_text": "Pyotr Kapitsa , Physics, 1978"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Menachem Begin", "link_text": "Menachem Begin *, as an Israeli citizen , Peace, 1978"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Ilya Prigogine", "link_text": "Ilya Prigogine *, Chemistry, 1977"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Andrei Sakharov", "link_text": "Andrei Sakharov , Peace, 1975"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Leonid Kantorovich", "link_text": "Leonid Kantorovich , Economics, 1975"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Simon Kuznets", "link_text": "Simon Kuznets , now Belarus, Economics, 1971"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn", "link_text": "Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn , Literature, 1970"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Mikhail Sholokhov", "link_text": "Mikhail Sholokhov , Literature, 1965"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Nikolay Basov", "link_text": "Nikolay Basov , Physics, 1964"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Alexander Prokhorov", "link_text": "Alexander Prokhorov , born in Australia , Physics, 1964"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Lev Landau", "link_text": "Lev Landau , born in then Russian Empire, now Azerbaijan, laureate when citizen of the Soviet Union , Physics, 1962"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Boris Pasternak", "link_text": "Boris Pasternak , Literature, 1958 (forced to decline)"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Pavel Cherenkov", "link_text": "Pavel Cherenkov , Physics, 1958"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Igor Tamm", "link_text": "Igor Tamm , Physics, 1958"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Ilya Mikhailovich Frank", "link_text": "Ilya Mikhailovich Frank , Physics, 1958"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Nikolay Semyonov", "link_text": "Nikolay Semyonov , Chemistry, 1956"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Ivan Bunin", "link_text": "Ivan Bunin *, Literature, 1933"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Reymont", "link_text": "W\u0142adys\u0142aw Reymont , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Literature, 1924"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", "link_text": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Chemistry, 1911"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "\u00c9lie Metchnikoff", "link_text": "\u00c9lie Metchnikoff , born in now Ukraine , Physiology or Medicine, 1908"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Henryk Sienkiewicz", "link_text": "Henryk Sienkiewicz , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Literature, 1905"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Ivan Pavlov", "link_text": "Ivan Pavlov , Physiology or Medicine, 1904"},
{"country": "Russia and Soviet Union", "name": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie", "link_text": "Marie Sk\u0142odowska-Curie , born in Congress Poland (Russian Empire), Physics, 1903"},
{"country": "Saint Lucia", "name": "Derek Walcott", "link_text": "Derek Walcott , Literature, 1992"},
{"country": "Saint Lucia", "name": "W. Arthur Lewis", "link_text": "W. Arthur Lewis *, Economics, 1979"},
{"country": "Slovenia", "name": "Friderik Pregl", "link_text": "Friderik Pregl *, born in Austria-Hungary , now Slovenia , Chemistry, 1923"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Michael Levitt", "link_text": "Michael Levitt *, Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "J. M. Coetzee", "link_text": "J. M. Coetzee , Literature, 2003"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Sydney Brenner", "link_text": "Sydney Brenner *, Physiology or Medicine, 2002"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "F. W. de Klerk", "link_text": "F. W. de Klerk , Peace, 1993"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Nelson Mandela", "link_text": "Nelson Mandela , Peace, 1993"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Nadine Gordimer", "link_text": "Nadine Gordimer , Literature, 1991"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Desmond Tutu", "link_text": "Desmond Tutu , Peace, 1984"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Aaron Klug", "link_text": "Aaron Klug *, Chemistry, 1982"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Allan M. Cormack", "link_text": "Allan M. Cormack *, Physiology or Medicine, 1979"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Albert Lutuli", "link_text": "Albert Lutuli , born in then Rhodesia, now Zimbabwe , Peace, 1960"},
{"country": "South Africa", "name": "Max Theiler", "link_text": "Max Theiler , Physiology or Medicine, 1951"},
{"country": "South Korea", "name": "Kim Dae-jung", "link_text": "Kim Dae-jung , Peace, 2000"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Mario Vargas Llosa", "link_text": "Mario Vargas Llosa , born in Peru , Literature, 2010"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela", "link_text": "Camilo Jos\u00e9 Cela , Literature, 1989"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Vicente Aleixandre", "link_text": "Vicente Aleixandre , Literature, 1977"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Severo Ochoa", "link_text": "Severo Ochoa *, Physiology or Medicine, 1959"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Juan Ram\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez", "link_text": "Juan Ram\u00f3n Jim\u00e9nez , Literature, 1956"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Jacinto Benavente", "link_text": "Jacinto Benavente , Literature, 1922"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal", "link_text": "Santiago Ram\u00f3n y Cajal , Physiology or Medicine, 1906"},
{"country": "Spain", "name": "Jos\u00e9 Echegaray", "link_text": "Jos\u00e9 Echegaray , Literature, 1904"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Tomas Lindahl", "link_text": "Tomas Lindahl , Chemistry, 2015"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Tomas Transtr\u00f6mer", "link_text": "Tomas Transtr\u00f6mer , Literature, 2011"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Arvid Carlsson", "link_text": "Arvid Carlsson , Physiology or Medicine, 2000"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Alva Myrdal", "link_text": "Alva Myrdal , Peace, 1982"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Sune Bergstr\u00f6m", "link_text": "Sune Bergstr\u00f6m , Physiology or Medicine, 1982"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Bengt I. Samuelsson", "link_text": "Bengt I. Samuelsson , Physiology or Medicine, 1982"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Kai Siegbahn", "link_text": "Kai Siegbahn , Physics, 1981"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Torsten Wiesel", "link_text": "Torsten Wiesel , Physiology or Medicine, 1981"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Bertil Ohlin", "link_text": "Bertil Ohlin , Economics, 1977"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Eyvind Johnson", "link_text": "Eyvind Johnson , Literature, 1974"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Harry Martinson", "link_text": "Harry Martinson , Literature, 1974"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Gunnar Myrdal", "link_text": "Gunnar Myrdal , Economics, 1974"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Ulf von Euler", "link_text": "Ulf von Euler , Physiology or Medicine, 1970"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Hannes Alfv\u00e9n", "link_text": "Hannes Alfv\u00e9n , Physics, 1970"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Ragnar Granit", "link_text": "Ragnar Granit , born in the Grand Duchy of Finland, then a part of Russia , Physiology or Medicine, 1967"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Nelly Sachs", "link_text": "Nelly Sachs , born in Germany , Literature, 1966"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld", "link_text": "Dag Hammarskj\u00f6ld , Peace, 1961 (posthumously)"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Hugo Theorell", "link_text": "Hugo Theorell , Physiology or Medicine, 1955"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "P\u00e4r Lagerkvist", "link_text": "P\u00e4r Lagerkvist , Literature, 1951"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Arne Tiselius", "link_text": "Arne Tiselius , Chemistry, 1948"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Erik Axel Karlfeldt", "link_text": "Erik Axel Karlfeldt , Literature, 1931 (posthumously)"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Nathan S\u00f6derblom", "link_text": "Nathan S\u00f6derblom , Peace, 1930"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Hans von Euler-Chelpin", "link_text": "Hans von Euler-Chelpin , born in Germany , Chemistry, 1929"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Theodor Svedberg", "link_text": "Theodor Svedberg , Chemistry, 1926"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Karl Manne Siegbahn", "link_text": "Karl Manne Siegbahn , Physics, 1924"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Hjalmar Branting", "link_text": "Hjalmar Branting , Peace, 1921"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam", "link_text": "Carl Gustaf Verner von Heidenstam , Literature, 1916"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Gustaf Dal\u00e9n", "link_text": "Gustaf Dal\u00e9n , Physics, 1912"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Allvar Gullstrand", "link_text": "Allvar Gullstrand , Physiology or Medicine, 1911"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Selma Lagerl\u00f6f", "link_text": "Selma Lagerl\u00f6f , Literature, 1909"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Klas Pontus Arnoldson", "link_text": "Klas Pontus Arnoldson , Peace, 1908"},
{"country": "Sweden", "name": "Svante Arrhenius", "link_text": "Svante Arrhenius , Chemistry, 1903"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Michel Mayor", "link_text": "Michel Mayor , Physics, 2019"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Didier Queloz", "link_text": "Didier Queloz , Physics, 2019"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Jacques Dubochet", "link_text": "Jacques Dubochet , Chemistry, 2017"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Kurt W\u00fcthrich", "link_text": "Kurt W\u00fcthrich , Chemistry, 2002"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Rolf M. Zinkernagel", "link_text": "Rolf M. Zinkernagel , Physiology or Medicine, 1996"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Edmond H. Fischer", "link_text": "Edmond H. Fischer , Physiology or Medicine,1992"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Richard R. Ernst", "link_text": "Richard R. Ernst , Chemistry, 1991"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Karl Alexander M\u00fcller", "link_text": "Karl Alexander M\u00fcller , Physics, 1987"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Heinrich Rohrer", "link_text": "Heinrich Rohrer , Physics, 1986"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Werner Arber", "link_text": "Werner Arber , Physiology or Medicine, 1978"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Vladimir Prelog", "link_text": "Vladimir Prelog , born in Austria-Hungary , now Bosnia-Herzegovina , Chemistry, 1975"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Daniel Bovet", "link_text": "Daniel Bovet , Physiology or Medicine, 1957"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Felix Bloch", "link_text": "Felix Bloch , Physics, 1952"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Tadeusz Reichstein", "link_text": "Tadeusz Reichstein , Physiology or Medicine, 1950"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Walter Rudolf Hess", "link_text": "Walter Rudolf Hess , Physiology or Medicine, 1949"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Paul Hermann M\u00fcller", "link_text": "Paul Hermann M\u00fcller , Physiology or Medicine, 1948"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Hermann Hesse", "link_text": "Hermann Hesse , born in Germany , Literature, 1946"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Leopold Ru\u017ei\u010dka", "link_text": "Leopold Ru\u017ei\u010dka , born in Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia , Austria-Hungary , now Croatia , Chemistry, 1939"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Paul Karrer", "link_text": "Paul Karrer , Chemistry, 1937"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Albert Einstein", "link_text": "Albert Einstein , born in Germany , Physics, 1921"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Charles \u00c9douard Guillaume", "link_text": "Charles \u00c9douard Guillaume , Physics, 1920"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Carl Spitteler", "link_text": "Carl Spitteler , Literature, 1919"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Alfred Werner", "link_text": "Alfred Werner , Chemistry, 1913"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Theodor Kocher", "link_text": "Theodor Kocher , Physiology or Medicine, 1909"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "\u00c9lie Ducommun", "link_text": "\u00c9lie Ducommun , Peace, 1902"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Charles Albert Gobat", "link_text": "Charles Albert Gobat , Peace, 1902"},
{"country": "Switzerland", "name": "Henry Dunant", "link_text": "Henry Dunant , Peace, 1901"},
{"country": "Tanzania", "name": "Abdulrazak Gurnah", "link_text": "Abdulrazak Gurnah *, Literature, 2021"},
{"country": "Tibet", "name": "14th Dalai Lama", "link_text": "14th Dalai Lama , Peace, 1989"},
{"country": "Trinidad and Tobago", "name": "V. S. Naipaul", "link_text": "V. S. Naipaul *, Literature, 2001"},
{"country": "Tunisia", "name": "Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet", "link_text": "Tunisian National Dialogue Quartet , Peace, 2015."},
{"country": "Turkey", "name": "Aziz Sancar", "link_text": "Aziz Sancar , Chemistry, 2015"},
{"country": "Turkey", "name": "Orhan Pamuk", "link_text": "Orhan Pamuk , Literature, 2006"},
{"country": "Ukraine", "name": "Georges Charpak", "link_text": "Georges Charpak *, born in then Poland, now Ukraine , Physics, 1992"},
{"country": "Ukraine", "name": "Roald Hoffmann", "link_text": "Roald Hoffmann *, born in then Poland (Second Polish Republic), now Ukraine , Chemistry, 1981"},
{"country": "Ukraine", "name": "Selman A. Waksman", "link_text": "Selman A. Waksman , Physiology or Medicine, 1952"},
{"country": "Ukraine", "name": "Shmuel Yosef Agnon", "link_text": "Shmuel Yosef Agnon , Literature, 1966"},
{"country": "Ukraine", "name": "Svetlana Alexievich", "link_text": "Svetlana Alexievich *, born in Ukraine , Literature, 2015"},
{"country": "Ukraine", "name": "Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov", "link_text": "Ilya Ilyich Mechnikov , Physiology or Medicine, 1908"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Abdulrazak Gurnah", "link_text": "Abdulrazak Gurnah , born in Tanzania , Literature, 2021"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "David MacMillan", "link_text": "David MacMillan , Chemistry, 2021"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Roger Penrose", "link_text": "Roger Penrose , Physics, 2020"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Michael Houghton", "link_text": "Michael Houghton , Physiology or Medicine, 2020"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Peter J. Ratcliffe", "link_text": "Peter J. Ratcliffe , Physiology or Medicine, 2019"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "M. Stanley Whittingham", "link_text": "M. Stanley Whittingham , Chemistry, 2019"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Greg Winter", "link_text": "Greg Winter , Chemistry, 2018"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Kazuo Ishiguro", "link_text": "Kazuo Ishiguro , born in Japan , Literature, 2017"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Richard Henderson", "link_text": "Richard Henderson , Chemistry, 2017"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Oliver Hart", "link_text": "Oliver Hart , Economics, 2016"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Fraser Stoddart", "link_text": "Fraser Stoddart , Chemistry, 2016"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "David J. Thouless", "link_text": "David J. Thouless , Physics, 2016"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "F. Duncan M. Haldane", "link_text": "F. Duncan M. Haldane , Physics, 2016"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John M. Kosterlitz", "link_text": "John M. Kosterlitz , Physics, 2016"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Angus Deaton", "link_text": "Angus Deaton , Economics, 2015"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Tomas Lindahl", "link_text": "Tomas Lindahl , born in Sweden , Chemistry, 2015"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John O'Keefe", "link_text": "John O'Keefe , born in the United States , Physiology or Medicine, 2014"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Michael Levitt", "link_text": "Michael Levitt , born in South Africa , Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Peter Higgs", "link_text": "Peter Higgs , Physics, 2013"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John B. Gurdon", "link_text": "John B. Gurdon , Physiology or Medicine, 2012"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Christopher A. Pissarides", "link_text": "Christopher A. Pissarides , born in Cyprus , Economics, 2010"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Konstantin Novoselov", "link_text": "Konstantin Novoselov , born in Russia , Physics, 2010"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Robert G. Edwards", "link_text": "Robert G. Edwards , Physiology or Medicine, 2010"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Charles K. Kao", "link_text": "Charles K. Kao , Physics, 2009"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Venkatraman Ramakrishnan", "link_text": "Venkatraman Ramakrishnan , born in India , Chemistry, 2009"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Jack W. Szostak", "link_text": "Jack W. Szostak , born in United Kingdom , Physiology or Medicine, 2009"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Doris Lessing", "link_text": "Doris Lessing , born in Iran , Literature, 2007"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Sir Martin J. Evans", "link_text": "Sir Martin J. Evans , Physiology or Medicine, 2007"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Oliver Smithies", "link_text": "Oliver Smithies *, Physiology or Medicine, 2007"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Harold Pinter", "link_text": "Harold Pinter , Literature, 2005"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Clive W. J. Granger", "link_text": "Clive W. J. Granger , Economics, 2003"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Anthony J. Leggett", "link_text": "Anthony J. Leggett *, Physics, 2003"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Peter Mansfield", "link_text": "Peter Mansfield , Physiology or Medicine, 2003"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Sydney Brenner", "link_text": "Sydney Brenner , born in South Africa , Physiology or Medicine, 2002"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John E. Sulston", "link_text": "John E. Sulston , Physiology or Medicine, 2002"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Tim Hunt", "link_text": "Tim Hunt , Physiology or Medicine, 2001"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Paul Nurse", "link_text": "Paul Nurse , Physiology or Medicine, 2001"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "V. S. Naipaul", "link_text": "V. S. Naipaul , born in Trinidad , Literature, 2001"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "David Trimble", "link_text": "David Trimble , Peace, 1998"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Pople", "link_text": "John Pople , Chemistry, 1998"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John E. Walker", "link_text": "John E. Walker , Chemistry, 1997"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Harold Kroto", "link_text": "Harold Kroto , Chemistry, 1996"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "James A. Mirrlees", "link_text": "James A. Mirrlees , Economics, 1996"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Joseph Rotblat", "link_text": "Joseph Rotblat , born in then Russian Empire, now Poland , Peace, 1995"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Richard J. Roberts", "link_text": "Richard J. Roberts , Physiology or Medicine, 1993"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Michael Smith", "link_text": "Michael Smith *, Chemistry, 1993"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Ronald Coase", "link_text": "Ronald Coase , based in the United States , Economics, 1991"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "James W. Black", "link_text": "James W. Black , Physiology or Medicine, 1988"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "C\u00e9sar Milstein", "link_text": "C\u00e9sar Milstein , born in Argentina , Physiology or Medicine, 1984"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Richard Stone", "link_text": "Richard Stone , Economics, 1984"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "William Golding", "link_text": "William Golding , Literature, 1983"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Aaron Klug", "link_text": "Aaron Klug , born in Lithuania , Chemistry, 1982"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Robert Vane", "link_text": "John Robert Vane , Physiology or Medicine, 1982"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Elias Canetti", "link_text": "Elias Canetti , born in Bulgaria , Literature, 1981"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Frederick Sanger", "link_text": "Frederick Sanger , Chemistry, 1980"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "W. Arthur Lewis", "link_text": "W. Arthur Lewis , born on St. Lucia , Economics, 1979"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Godfrey Hounsfield", "link_text": "Godfrey Hounsfield , Physiology or Medicine, 1979"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Peter D. Mitchell", "link_text": "Peter D. Mitchell , Chemistry, 1978"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "James Meade", "link_text": "James Meade , Economics, 1977"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Nevill Francis Mott", "link_text": "Nevill Francis Mott , Physics, 1977"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Amnesty International", "link_text": "Amnesty International , Peace, 1977"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Mairead Corrigan", "link_text": "Mairead Corrigan , Peace, 1976"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Betty Williams", "link_text": "Betty Williams , Peace, 1976"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Cornforth", "link_text": "John Cornforth , born in Australia , Chemistry, 1975"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Christian de Duve", "link_text": "Christian de Duve *, Physiology or Medicine, 1974"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Friedrich Hayek", "link_text": "Friedrich Hayek , born in Austria , Economics, 1974"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Martin Ryle", "link_text": "Martin Ryle , Physics, 1974"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Antony Hewish", "link_text": "Antony Hewish , Physics, 1974"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Patrick White", "link_text": "Patrick White *, Literature, 1973"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Geoffrey Wilkinson", "link_text": "Geoffrey Wilkinson , Chemistry, 1973"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Brian David Josephson", "link_text": "Brian David Josephson , Physics, 1973"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Nikolaas Tinbergen", "link_text": "Nikolaas Tinbergen , born in the Netherlands , Physiology or Medicine, 1973"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Rodney Robert Porter", "link_text": "Rodney Robert Porter , Physiology or Medicine, 1972"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Hicks", "link_text": "John Hicks , Economics, 1972"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Dennis Gabor", "link_text": "Dennis Gabor , born in Hungary , Physics, 1971"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Bernard Katz", "link_text": "Bernard Katz , born in Germany , Physiology or Medicine, 1970"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Derek Harold Richard Barton", "link_text": "Derek Harold Richard Barton , Chemistry, 1969"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Ronald George Wreyford Norrish", "link_text": "Ronald George Wreyford Norrish , Chemistry, 1967"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "George Porter", "link_text": "George Porter , Chemistry, 1967"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin", "link_text": "Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin , Chemistry, 1964"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Andrew Huxley", "link_text": "Andrew Huxley , Physiology or Medicine, 1963"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Alan Lloyd Hodgkin", "link_text": "Alan Lloyd Hodgkin , Physiology or Medicine, 1963"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Kendrew", "link_text": "John Kendrew , Chemistry, 1962"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Max Perutz", "link_text": "Max Perutz , born in Austria , Chemistry, 1962"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Francis Crick", "link_text": "Francis Crick , Physiology or Medicine, 1962"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Maurice Wilkins", "link_text": "Maurice Wilkins , born in New Zealand , Physiology or Medicine, 1962"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Peter Medawar", "link_text": "Peter Medawar , born in Brazil , Physiology or Medicine, 1960"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Philip Noel-Baker", "link_text": "Philip Noel-Baker , Peace, 1959"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Frederick Sanger", "link_text": "Frederick Sanger , Chemistry, 1958"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd", "link_text": "Alexander R. Todd, Baron Todd , Chemistry, 1957"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Cyril Norman Hinshelwood", "link_text": "Cyril Norman Hinshelwood , Chemistry, 1956"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Max Born", "link_text": "Max Born , born in then Germany, now Poland , Physics, 1954"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Winston Churchill", "link_text": "Winston Churchill , Literature, 1953"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Hans Adolf Krebs", "link_text": "Hans Adolf Krebs , born in Germany , Physiology or Medicine, 1953"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Archer John Porter Martin", "link_text": "Archer John Porter Martin , Chemistry, 1952"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Richard Laurence Millington Synge", "link_text": "Richard Laurence Millington Synge , Chemistry, 1952"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Cockcroft", "link_text": "John Cockcroft , Physics, 1951"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Bertrand Russell", "link_text": "Bertrand Russell , Literature, 1950"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Cecil Frank Powell", "link_text": "Cecil Frank Powell , Physics, 1950"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Boyd Orr", "link_text": "John Boyd Orr , Peace, 1949"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "T. S. Eliot", "link_text": "T. S. Eliot , born in the United States , Literature, 1948"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett", "link_text": "Patrick Blackett, Baron Blackett , Physics, 1948"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Edward Victor Appleton", "link_text": "Edward Victor Appleton , Physics, 1947"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Robert Robinson", "link_text": "Robert Robinson , Chemistry, 1947"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Friends Service Council", "link_text": "Friends Service Council , Peace, 1947"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Ernst Boris Chain", "link_text": "Ernst Boris Chain , born in Germany , Physiology or Medicine, 1945"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Alexander Fleming", "link_text": "Alexander Fleming , Physiology or Medicine, 1945"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "George Paget Thomson", "link_text": "George Paget Thomson , Physics, 1937"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood", "link_text": "Robert Cecil, 1st Viscount Cecil of Chelwood , Peace, 1937"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Norman Haworth", "link_text": "Norman Haworth , Chemistry, 1937"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Henry Hallett Dale", "link_text": "Henry Hallett Dale , Physiology or Medicine, 1936"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "James Chadwick", "link_text": "James Chadwick , Physics, 1935"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Arthur Henderson", "link_text": "Arthur Henderson , Peace, 1934"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Norman Angell", "link_text": "Norman Angell , Peace, 1933"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Paul Dirac", "link_text": "Paul Dirac , Physics, 1933"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Charles Scott Sherrington", "link_text": "Charles Scott Sherrington , Physiology or Medicine, 1932"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Galsworthy", "link_text": "John Galsworthy , Literature, 1932"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian", "link_text": "Edgar Adrian, 1st Baron Adrian , Physiology or Medicine, 1932"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Arthur Harden", "link_text": "Arthur Harden , Chemistry, 1929"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Frederick Hopkins", "link_text": "Frederick Hopkins , Physiology or Medicine, 1929"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Owen Willans Richardson", "link_text": "Owen Willans Richardson , Physics, 1928"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Charles Thomson Rees Wilson", "link_text": "Charles Thomson Rees Wilson , Physics, 1927"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Austen Chamberlain", "link_text": "Austen Chamberlain , Peace, 1925"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "George Bernard Shaw", "link_text": "George Bernard Shaw , born in Ireland , Literature, 1925"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John James Rickard Macleod", "link_text": "John James Rickard Macleod *, Physiology or Medicine, 1923"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Archibald Vivian Hill", "link_text": "Archibald Vivian Hill , Physiology or Medicine, 1922"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Francis William Aston", "link_text": "Francis William Aston , Chemistry, 1922"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Frederick Soddy", "link_text": "Frederick Soddy , Chemistry, 1921"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Charles Glover Barkla", "link_text": "Charles Glover Barkla , Physics, 1917"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "William Henry Bragg", "link_text": "William Henry Bragg , Physics, 1915"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "William Lawrence Bragg", "link_text": "William Lawrence Bragg , born in Australia , Physics, 1915"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Ernest Rutherford", "link_text": "Ernest Rutherford , born in New Zealand , Chemistry, 1908"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Rudyard Kipling", "link_text": "Rudyard Kipling , born in India , Literature, 1907"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "J. J. Thomson", "link_text": "J. J. Thomson , Physics, 1906"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh", "link_text": "John Strutt, 3rd Baron Rayleigh , Physics, 1904"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "William Ramsay", "link_text": "William Ramsay , Chemistry, 1904"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "William Randal Cremer", "link_text": "William Randal Cremer , Peace, 1903"},
{"country": "United Kingdom", "name": "Ronald Ross", "link_text": "Ronald Ross , born in India , Physiology or Medicine, 1902"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "David Card", "link_text": "David Card , born in Canada , Economics, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Joshua Angrist", "link_text": "Joshua Angrist , Economics, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Guido Imbens", "link_text": "Guido Imbens , born in Netherlands , Economics, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Maria Ressa", "link_text": "Maria Ressa , born in Philippines , Peace, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Syukuro Manabe", "link_text": "Syukuro Manabe , born in Japan , Physics, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "David MacMillan", "link_text": "David MacMillan , born in United Kingdom , Chemistry, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "David Julius", "link_text": "David Julius , Physiology or Medicine, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Ardem Patapoutian", "link_text": "Ardem Patapoutian , born in Lebanon , Physiology or Medicine, 2021"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert B. Wilson", "link_text": "Robert B. Wilson , Economics, 2020"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Paul R. Milgrom", "link_text": "Paul R. Milgrom , Economics, 2020"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Louise Gl\u00fcck", "link_text": "Louise Gl\u00fcck , Literature, 2020"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jennifer Doudna", "link_text": "Jennifer Doudna , Chemistry, 2020"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Andrea Ghez", "link_text": "Andrea Ghez , Physics, 2020"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Harvey J. Alter", "link_text": "Harvey J. Alter , Physiology or Medicine, 2020"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Charles M. Rice", "link_text": "Charles M. Rice , Physiology or Medicine, 2020"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Abhijit Banerjee", "link_text": "Abhijit Banerjee , born in India , Economics, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Esther Duflo", "link_text": "Esther Duflo , born in France , Economics, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Michael Kremer", "link_text": "Michael Kremer , Economics, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John B. Goodenough", "link_text": "John B. Goodenough , born in Germany , Chemistry, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "M. Stanley Whittingham", "link_text": "M. Stanley Whittingham , born in United Kingdom , Chemistry, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jim Peebles", "link_text": "Jim Peebles , born in Canada , Physics, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William Kaelin Jr.", "link_text": "William Kaelin Jr. , Physiology or Medicine, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Gregg L. Semenza", "link_text": "Gregg L. Semenza , Physiology or Medicine, 2019"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Paul Romer", "link_text": "Paul Romer , Economics, 2018"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William Nordhaus", "link_text": "William Nordhaus , Economics, 2018"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "George P. Smith", "link_text": "George P. Smith , Chemistry, 2018"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Frances Arnold", "link_text": "Frances Arnold , Chemistry, 2018"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Arthur Ashkin", "link_text": "Arthur Ashkin , Physics, 2018"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "James Allison", "link_text": "James Allison , Physiology or Medicine, 2018"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Richard H. Thaler", "link_text": "Richard H. Thaler , Economics, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Joachim Frank", "link_text": "Joachim Frank , born in Germany , Chemistry, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Rainer Weiss", "link_text": "Rainer Weiss , born in Germany , Physics, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Kip Thorne", "link_text": "Kip Thorne , Physics, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Barry Barish", "link_text": "Barry Barish , Physics, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Michael W. Young", "link_text": "Michael W. Young , Physiology or Medicine, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Michael Rosbash", "link_text": "Michael Rosbash , Physiology or Medicine, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jeffrey C. Hall", "link_text": "Jeffrey C. Hall , Physiology or Medicine, 2017"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Bob Dylan", "link_text": "Bob Dylan , Literature, 2016"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Oliver Hart", "link_text": "Oliver Hart , born in United Kingdom , Economics, 2016"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Fraser Stoddart", "link_text": "Fraser Stoddart , born in United Kingdom , Chemistry, 2016"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "F. Duncan M. Haldane", "link_text": "F. Duncan M. Haldane , born in United Kingdom , Physics, 2016"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John M. Kosterlitz", "link_text": "John M. Kosterlitz , born in United Kingdom , Physics, 2016"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Angus Deaton", "link_text": "Angus Deaton , born in United Kingdom , Economics, 2015"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Paul L. Modrich", "link_text": "Paul L. Modrich , Chemistry, 2015"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Aziz Sancar", "link_text": "Aziz Sancar , born in Turkey , Chemistry, 2015"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William C. Campbell", "link_text": "William C. Campbell , born in Ireland , Physiology or Medicine, 2015"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William E. Moerner", "link_text": "William E. Moerner , Chemistry, 2014"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Eric Betzig", "link_text": "Eric Betzig , Chemistry, 2014"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Shuji Nakamura", "link_text": "Shuji Nakamura , born in Japan , Physics, 2014"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John O'Keefe", "link_text": "John O'Keefe *, Physiology or Medicine, 2014"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert J. Shiller", "link_text": "Robert J. Shiller , Economics, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Lars Peter Hansen", "link_text": "Lars Peter Hansen , Economics, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Eugene F. Fama", "link_text": "Eugene F. Fama , Economics, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Arieh Warshel", "link_text": "Arieh Warshel , born in Israel , Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Michael Levitt", "link_text": "Michael Levitt , born in South Africa , Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Martin Karplus", "link_text": "Martin Karplus , born in Austria , Chemistry, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Randy Schekman", "link_text": "Randy Schekman , Physiology or Medicine, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Thomas C. S\u00fcdhof", "link_text": "Thomas C. S\u00fcdhof , born in Germany , Physiology or Medicine, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "James Rothman", "link_text": "James Rothman , Physiology or Medicine, 2013"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Alvin E. Roth", "link_text": "Alvin E. Roth , Economics, 2012"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Lloyd S. Shapley", "link_text": "Lloyd S. Shapley , Economics, 2012"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Brian K. Kobilka", "link_text": "Brian K. Kobilka , Chemistry, 2012"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert J. Lefkowitz", "link_text": "Robert J. Lefkowitz , Chemistry, 2012"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "David J. Wineland", "link_text": "David J. Wineland , Physics, 2012"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Christopher A. Sims", "link_text": "Christopher A. Sims , Economics, 2011"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Thomas J. Sargent", "link_text": "Thomas J. Sargent , Economics, 2011"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Saul Perlmutter", "link_text": "Saul Perlmutter , Physics, 2011"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Brian P. Schmidt", "link_text": "Brian P. Schmidt , Physics, 2011"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Adam G. Riess", "link_text": "Adam G. Riess , Physics, 2011"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Ralph M. Steinman", "link_text": "Ralph M. Steinman , born in Canada , Physiology or Medicine, 2011"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Bruce Beutler", "link_text": "Bruce Beutler , Physiology or Medicine, 2011"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Peter A. Diamond", "link_text": "Peter A. Diamond , Economics, 2010"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Dale T. Mortensen", "link_text": "Dale T. Mortensen , Economics, 2010"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Ei-ichi Negishi", "link_text": "Ei-ichi Negishi , Japanese citizenship , Chemistry, 2010"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Richard F. Heck", "link_text": "Richard F. Heck , Chemistry, 2010"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Elinor Ostrom", "link_text": "Elinor Ostrom , Economics, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Oliver Eaton Williamson", "link_text": "Oliver Eaton Williamson , Economics, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Barack H. Obama", "link_text": "Barack H. Obama , Peace, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Venkatraman Ramakrishnan", "link_text": "Venkatraman Ramakrishnan , born in India , Chemistry, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Thomas A. Steitz", "link_text": "Thomas A. Steitz , Chemistry, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Willard S. Boyle", "link_text": "Willard S. Boyle , born in Canada , Physics, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Charles K. Kao", "link_text": "Charles K. Kao , born in China , Physics, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "George E. Smith", "link_text": "George E. Smith , Physics, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Elizabeth Blackburn", "link_text": "Elizabeth Blackburn , born in Australia , Physiology or Medicine, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Carol W. Greider", "link_text": "Carol W. Greider , Physiology or Medicine, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jack W. Szostak", "link_text": "Jack W. Szostak , born in United Kingdom , Physiology or Medicine, 2009"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Paul Krugman", "link_text": "Paul Krugman , Economics, 2008"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Roger Yonchien Tsien", "link_text": "Roger Yonchien Tsien , Chemistry, 2008"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Martin Chalfie", "link_text": "Martin Chalfie , Chemistry, 2008"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Osamu Shimomura", "link_text": "Osamu Shimomura , Japanese citizenship , Chemistry, 2008"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Yoichiro Nambu", "link_text": "Yoichiro Nambu , born in Japan , Physics, 2008"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Leonid Hurwicz", "link_text": "Leonid Hurwicz , born in Russia , Economics, 2007"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Eric S. Maskin", "link_text": "Eric S. Maskin , Economics, 2007"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Roger B. Myerson", "link_text": "Roger B. Myerson , Economics, 2007"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Al Gore", "link_text": "Al Gore , Peace, 2007"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Mario R. Capecchi", "link_text": "Mario R. Capecchi , born in Italy , Physiology or Medicine, 2007"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Oliver Smithies", "link_text": "Oliver Smithies , born in United Kingdom , Physiology or Medicine, 2007"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Roger D. Kornberg", "link_text": "Roger D. Kornberg , Chemistry, 2006"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John C. Mather", "link_text": "John C. Mather , Physics, 2006"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Edmund S. Phelps", "link_text": "Edmund S. Phelps , Economics, 2006"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "George F. Smoot", "link_text": "George F. Smoot , Physics, 2006"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Andrew Z. Fire", "link_text": "Andrew Z. Fire , Physiology or Medicine, 2006"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Craig C. Mello", "link_text": "Craig C. Mello , Physiology or Medicine, 2006"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert Aumann", "link_text": "Robert Aumann *, as an Israeli citizen , Economics, 2005"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert H. Grubbs", "link_text": "Robert H. Grubbs , Chemistry, 2005"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Richard R. Schrock", "link_text": "Richard R. Schrock , Chemistry, 2005"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Thomas Schelling", "link_text": "Thomas Schelling , Economics, 2005"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John L. Hall", "link_text": "John L. Hall , Physics, 2005"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Roy J. Glauber", "link_text": "Roy J. Glauber , Physics, 2005"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Irwin Rose", "link_text": "Irwin Rose , Chemistry, 2004"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Edward C. Prescott", "link_text": "Edward C. Prescott , Economics, 2004"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "David J. Gross", "link_text": "David J. Gross , Physics, 2004"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "H. David Politzer", "link_text": "H. David Politzer , Physics, 2004"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Frank Wilczek", "link_text": "Frank Wilczek , Physics, 2004"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Richard Axel", "link_text": "Richard Axel , Physiology or Medicine, 2004"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Linda B. Buck", "link_text": "Linda B. Buck , Physiology or Medicine, 2004"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Peter Agre", "link_text": "Peter Agre , Chemistry, 2003"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Roderick MacKinnon", "link_text": "Roderick MacKinnon , Chemistry, 2003"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert F. Engle", "link_text": "Robert F. Engle , Economics, 2003"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Anthony J. Leggett", "link_text": "Anthony J. Leggett , born in United Kingdom , Physics, 2003"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Paul C. Lauterbur", "link_text": "Paul C. Lauterbur , Physiology or Medicine, 2003"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov", "link_text": "Alexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov , born in Russia , Physics, 2003"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Daniel Kahneman", "link_text": "Daniel Kahneman *, born in Israel , Economics, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Vernon L. Smith", "link_text": "Vernon L. Smith , Economics, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jimmy Carter", "link_text": "Jimmy Carter , Peace, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John Bennett Fenn", "link_text": "John Bennett Fenn , Chemistry, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Raymond Davis Jr.", "link_text": "Raymond Davis Jr. , Physics, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Riccardo Giacconi", "link_text": "Riccardo Giacconi , born in Italy , Physics, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Sydney Brenner", "link_text": "Sydney Brenner , born in South Africa , Physiology or Medicine, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "H. Robert Horvitz", "link_text": "H. Robert Horvitz , Physiology or Medicine, 2002"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William S. Knowles", "link_text": "William S. Knowles , Chemistry, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "K. Barry Sharpless", "link_text": "K. Barry Sharpless , Chemistry, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Joseph E. Stiglitz", "link_text": "Joseph E. Stiglitz , Economics, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "George A. Akerlof", "link_text": "George A. Akerlof , Economics, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "A. Michael Spence", "link_text": "A. Michael Spence , Economics, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Eric A. Cornell", "link_text": "Eric A. Cornell , Physics, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Carl E. Wieman", "link_text": "Carl E. Wieman , Physics, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Leland H. Hartwell", "link_text": "Leland H. Hartwell , Physiology or Medicine, 2001"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Alan Heeger", "link_text": "Alan Heeger , Chemistry, 2000"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Alan MacDiarmid", "link_text": "Alan MacDiarmid , born in New Zealand , Chemistry, 2000"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "James J. Heckman", "link_text": "James J. Heckman , Economics, 2000"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Daniel L. McFadden", "link_text": "Daniel L. McFadden , Economics, 2000"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jack Kilby", "link_text": "Jack Kilby , Physics, 2000"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Paul Greengard", "link_text": "Paul Greengard , Physiology or Medicine, 2000"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Eric Kandel", "link_text": "Eric Kandel , born in Austria , Physiology or Medicine, 2000"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Ahmed H. Zewail", "link_text": "Ahmed H. Zewail , born in Egypt , Chemistry, 1999"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "G\u00fcnter Blobel", "link_text": "G\u00fcnter Blobel , born in then Germany, now Poland , Physiology or Medicine, 1999"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Walter Kohn", "link_text": "Walter Kohn , born in Austria , Chemistry, 1998"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Horst Ludwig St\u00f6rmer", "link_text": "Horst Ludwig St\u00f6rmer , born in Germany , Physics, 1998"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert B. Laughlin", "link_text": "Robert B. Laughlin , Physics, 1998"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Daniel C. Tsui", "link_text": "Daniel C. Tsui , born in China , Physics, 1998"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert F. Furchgott", "link_text": "Robert F. Furchgott , Physiology or Medicine, 1998"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Louis J. Ignarro", "link_text": "Louis J. Ignarro , Physiology or Medicine, 1998"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Ferid Murad", "link_text": "Ferid Murad , Physiology or Medicine, 1998"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Paul D. Boyer", "link_text": "Paul D. Boyer , Chemistry, 1997"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert C. Merton", "link_text": "Robert C. Merton , Economics, 1997"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Myron Scholes", "link_text": "Myron Scholes , born in Canada , Economics, 1997"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jody Williams", "link_text": "Jody Williams , Peace, 1997"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Steven Chu", "link_text": "Steven Chu , Physics, 1997"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William D. Phillips", "link_text": "William D. Phillips , Physics, 1997"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Stanley B. Prusiner", "link_text": "Stanley B. Prusiner , Physiology or Medicine, 1997"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Richard E. Smalley", "link_text": "Richard E. Smalley , Chemistry, 1996"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert F. Curl Jr.", "link_text": "Robert F. Curl Jr. , Chemistry, 1996"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William Vickrey", "link_text": "William Vickrey , born in Canada , Economics, 1996"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "David M. Lee", "link_text": "David M. Lee , Physics, 1996"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Douglas D. Osheroff", "link_text": "Douglas D. Osheroff , Physics, 1996"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert C. Richardson", "link_text": "Robert C. Richardson , Physics, 1996"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Mario J. Molina", "link_text": "Mario J. Molina , born in Mexico , Chemistry, 1995"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "F. Sherwood Rowland", "link_text": "F. Sherwood Rowland , Chemistry, 1995"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert Lucas, Jr.", "link_text": "Robert Lucas, Jr. , Economics, 1995"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Martin L. Perl", "link_text": "Martin L. Perl , Physics, 1995"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Frederick Reines", "link_text": "Frederick Reines , Physics, 1995"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Edward B. Lewis", "link_text": "Edward B. Lewis , Physiology or Medicine, 1995"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Eric F. Wieschaus", "link_text": "Eric F. Wieschaus , Physiology or Medicine, 1995"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "George Andrew Olah", "link_text": "George Andrew Olah , born in Hungary , Chemistry, 1994"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John Harsanyi", "link_text": "John Harsanyi , born in Hungary , Economics, 1994"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "John Forbes Nash", "link_text": "John Forbes Nash , Economics, 1994"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Clifford G. Shull", "link_text": "Clifford G. Shull , Physics, 1994"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Alfred G. Gilman", "link_text": "Alfred G. Gilman , Physiology or Medicine, 1994"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Martin Rodbell", "link_text": "Martin Rodbell , Physiology or Medicine, 1994"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Kary B. Mullis", "link_text": "Kary B. Mullis , Chemistry, 1993"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert W. Fogel", "link_text": "Robert W. Fogel , Economics, 1993"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Douglass C. North", "link_text": "Douglass C. North , Economics, 1993"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Toni Morrison", "link_text": "Toni Morrison , Literature, 1993"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Russell A. Hulse", "link_text": "Russell A. Hulse , Physics, 1993"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Joseph H. Taylor Jr.", "link_text": "Joseph H. Taylor Jr. , Physics, 1993"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Phillip A. Sharp", "link_text": "Phillip A. Sharp , Physiology or Medicine, 1993"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Rudolph A. Marcus", "link_text": "Rudolph A. Marcus , born in Canada , Chemistry, 1992"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Gary S. Becker", "link_text": "Gary S. Becker , Economics, 1992"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Edmond H. Fischer", "link_text": "Edmond H. Fischer , born in China , Physiology or Medicine, 1992"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Edwin G. Krebs", "link_text": "Edwin G. Krebs , Physiology or Medicine, 1992"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Ronald Coase", "link_text": "Ronald Coase , born in the United Kingdom , Economics, 1991"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Elias James Corey", "link_text": "Elias James Corey , Chemistry, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Merton H. Miller", "link_text": "Merton H. Miller , Economics, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William F. Sharpe", "link_text": "William F. Sharpe , Economics, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Harry M. Markowitz", "link_text": "Harry M. Markowitz , Economics, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jerome I. Friedman", "link_text": "Jerome I. Friedman , Physics, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Henry W. Kendall", "link_text": "Henry W. Kendall , Physics, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Joseph E. Murray", "link_text": "Joseph E. Murray , Physiology or Medicine, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "E. Donnall Thomas", "link_text": "E. Donnall Thomas , Physiology or Medicine, 1990"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Sidney Altman", "link_text": "Sidney Altman , born in Canada , Chemistry, 1989"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Thomas R. Cech", "link_text": "Thomas R. Cech , Chemistry, 1989"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Hans G. Dehmelt", "link_text": "Hans G. Dehmelt , born in Germany , Physics, 1989"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Norman F. Ramsey", "link_text": "Norman F. Ramsey , Physics, 1989"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "J. Michael Bishop", "link_text": "J. Michael Bishop , Physiology or Medicine, 1989"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Harold E. Varmus", "link_text": "Harold E. Varmus , Physiology or Medicine, 1989"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Leon M. Lederman", "link_text": "Leon M. Lederman , Physics, 1988"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Melvin Schwartz", "link_text": "Melvin Schwartz , Physics, 1988"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jack Steinberger", "link_text": "Jack Steinberger , born in Germany , Physics, 1988"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Gertrude B. Elion", "link_text": "Gertrude B. Elion , Physiology or Medicine, 1988"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "George H. Hitchings", "link_text": "George H. Hitchings , Physiology or Medicine, 1988"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Charles J. Pedersen", "link_text": "Charles J. Pedersen , born in Korea , Chemistry, 1987"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Donald J. Cram", "link_text": "Donald J. Cram , Chemistry, 1987"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Robert M. Solow", "link_text": "Robert M. Solow , Economics, 1987"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Joseph Brodsky", "link_text": "Joseph Brodsky , born in Russia , Literature, 1987"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Dudley R. Herschbach", "link_text": "Dudley R. Herschbach , Chemistry, 1986"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Yuan T. Lee", "link_text": "Yuan T. Lee , born in Taiwan , Chemistry, 1986"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "James M. Buchanan", "link_text": "James M. Buchanan , Economics, 1986"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Elie Wiesel", "link_text": "Elie Wiesel , born in Romania , Peace, 1986"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Stanley Cohen", "link_text": "Stanley Cohen , Physiology or Medicine, 1986"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Rita Levi-Montalcini", "link_text": "Rita Levi-Montalcini , born in Italy , Physiology or Medicine, 1986"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Jerome Karle", "link_text": "Jerome Karle , Chemistry, 1985"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Herbert A. Hauptman", "link_text": "Herbert A. Hauptman , Chemistry, 1985"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Franco Modigliani", "link_text": "Franco Modigliani , born in Italy , Economics, 1985"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Michael S. Brown", "link_text": "Michael S. Brown , Physiology or Medicine, 1985"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Joseph L. Goldstein", "link_text": "Joseph L. Goldstein , Physiology or Medicine, 1985"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Bruce Merrifield", "link_text": "Bruce Merrifield , Chemistry, 1984"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Henry Taube", "link_text": "Henry Taube , born in Canada , Chemistry, 1983"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "G\u00e9rard Debreu", "link_text": "G\u00e9rard Debreu , born in France , Economics, 1983"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "William A. Fowler", "link_text": "William A. Fowler , Physics, 1983"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar", "link_text": "Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar , born in India , Physics, 1983"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Barbara McClintock", "link_text": "Barbara McClintock , Physiology or Medicine, 1983"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "George J. Stigler", "link_text": "George J. Stigler , Economics, 1982"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Kenneth G. Wilson", "link_text": "Kenneth G. Wilson , Physics, 1982"},
{"country": "United States", "name": "Roald Hoffmann", "link_text": "Roald Hoffmann , born in then Poland, now Ukraine , Chemistry, 1981"},