wil.py

# Copyright The Lightning team.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
from typing import Any, List, Optional, Sequence, Union

from torch import Tensor, tensor

from torchmetrics.functional.text.wil import _wil_compute, _wil_update
from torchmetrics.metric import Metric
from torchmetrics.utilities.imports import _MATPLOTLIB_AVAILABLE
from torchmetrics.utilities.plot import _AX_TYPE, _PLOT_OUT_TYPE

if not _MATPLOTLIB_AVAILABLE:
    __doctest_skip__ = ["WordInfoLost.plot"]


class WordInfoLost(Metric):
    r"""Word Information Lost (`WIL`_) is a metric of the performance of an automatic speech recognition system.

    This value indicates the percentage of words that were incorrectly predicted between a set of ground-truth
    sentences and a set of hypothesis sentences. The lower the value, the better the performance of the ASR system
    with a WordInfoLost of 0 being a perfect score. Word Information Lost rate can then be computed as:

    .. math::
        wil = 1 - \frac{C}{N} + \frac{C}{P}

    where:

        - :math:`C` is the number of correct words,
        - :math:`N` is the number of words in the reference
        - :math:`P` is the number of words in the prediction

    As input to ``forward`` and ``update`` the metric accepts the following input:

    - ``preds`` (:class:`~List`): Transcription(s) to score as a string or list of strings
    - ``target`` (:class:`~List`): Reference(s) for each speech input as a string or list of strings

    As output of ``forward`` and ``compute`` the metric returns the following output:

    - ``wil`` (:class:`~torch.Tensor`): A tensor with the Word Information Lost score

    Args:
        kwargs: Additional keyword arguments, see :ref:`Metric kwargs` for more info.

    Examples:
        >>> from torchmetrics.text import WordInfoLost
        >>> preds = ["this is the prediction", "there is an other sample"]
        >>> target = ["this is the reference", "there is another one"]
        >>> wil = WordInfoLost()
        >>> wil(preds, target)
        tensor(0.6528)

    """
    is_differentiable: bool = False
    higher_is_better: bool = False
    full_state_update: bool = False
    plot_lower_bound: float = 0.0
    plot_upper_bound: float = 1.0

    errors: Tensor
    target_total: Tensor
    preds_total: Tensor

    def __init__(
        self,
        **kwargs: Any,
    ) -> None:
        super().__init__(**kwargs)
        self.add_state("errors", tensor(0.0), dist_reduce_fx="sum")
        self.add_state("target_total", tensor(0.0), dist_reduce_fx="sum")
        self.add_state("preds_total", tensor(0.0), dist_reduce_fx="sum")

    def update(self, preds: Union[str, List[str]], target: Union[str, List[str]]) -> None:
        """Update state with predictions and targets."""
        errors, target_total, preds_total = _wil_update(preds, target)
        self.errors += errors
        self.target_total += target_total
        self.preds_total += preds_total

    def compute(self) -> Tensor:
        """Calculate the Word Information Lost."""
        return _wil_compute(self.errors, self.target_total, self.preds_total)

    def plot(
        self, val: Optional[Union[Tensor, Sequence[Tensor]]] = None, ax: Optional[_AX_TYPE] = None
    ) -> _PLOT_OUT_TYPE:
        """Plot a single or multiple values from the metric.

        Args:
            val: Either a single result from calling `metric.forward` or `metric.compute` or a list of these results.
                If no value is provided, will automatically call `metric.compute` and plot that result.
            ax: An matplotlib axis object. If provided will add plot to that axis

        Returns:
            Figure and Axes object

        Raises:
            ModuleNotFoundError:
                If `matplotlib` is not installed

        .. plot::
            :scale: 75

            >>> # Example plotting a single value
            >>> from torchmetrics.text import WordInfoLost
            >>> metric = WordInfoLost()
            >>> preds = ["this is the prediction", "there is an other sample"]
            >>> target = ["this is the reference", "there is another one"]
            >>> metric.update(preds, target)
            >>> fig_, ax_ = metric.plot()

        .. plot::
            :scale: 75

            >>> # Example plotting multiple values
            >>> from torchmetrics.text import WordInfoLost
            >>> metric = WordInfoLost()
            >>> preds = ["this is the prediction", "there is an other sample"]
            >>> target = ["this is the reference", "there is another one"]
            >>> values = [ ]
            >>> for _ in range(10):
            ...     values.append(metric(preds, target))
            >>> fig_, ax_ = metric.plot(values)

        """
        return self._plot(val, ax)