We reimplemented several existing tactile communication schemes as points of reference to compare to our own system.
TAPS, 24-channel system of phoneme codes:
Charlotte M. Reed, Hong Z. Tan, Zachary D. Perez, E. Courtenay Wilson, Frederico M. Severgnini, Jaehong Jung, Juan S. Martinez, Yang Jiao, Ali Israr, Frances Lau, Keith Klumb, Robert Turcott, Freddy Abnousi, "A Phonemic-Based Tactile Display for Speech Communication," IEEE Transactions on Haptics, 2018.
Bratakos et al. 2001, a single-channel energy envelope:
Maroula S. Bratakos, Charlotte M. Reed, Lorraine A. Delhorne, Gail Denesvich, "A single-band envelope cue as a supplement to speechreading of segmentals: A comparison of auditory versus tactual presentation." Ear and Hearing 22, no. 3 (2001): 225-235.
Yuan et al. 2005, a two-channel scheme:
Hanfeng Yuan, Charlotte M. Reed, Nathaniel I. Durlach, "Tactual display of consonant voicing as a supplement to lipreading." The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 118, no. 2 (2005): 1003-1015.