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Create and provision IoT Edge devices using symmetric keys on Linux - Azure IoT Edge | Microsoft Docs
Use symmetric key attestation to test provisioning Linux devices at scale for Azure IoT Edge with device provisioning service
PatAltimore
patricka
02/27/2024
conceptual
iot-edge
linux-related-content
iot-edge

Create and provision IoT Edge devices at scale on Linux using symmetric key

[!INCLUDE iot-edge-version-all-supported]

This article provides end-to-end instructions for autoprovisioning one or more Linux IoT Edge devices using symmetric keys. You can automatically provision Azure IoT Edge devices with the Azure IoT Hub device provisioning service (DPS). If you're unfamiliar with the process of autoprovisioning, review the provisioning overview before continuing.

The tasks are as follows:

  1. Create either an individual enrollment for a single device or a group enrollment for a set of devices.
  2. Install the IoT Edge runtime and connect to the IoT Hub.

Tip

For a simplified experience, try the Azure IoT Edge configuration tool. This command-line tool, currently in public preview, installs IoT Edge on your device and provisions it using DPS and symmetric key attestation.

Symmetric key attestation is a simple approach to authenticating a device with a device provisioning service instance. This attestation method represents a "Hello world" experience for developers who are new to device provisioning, or do not have strict security requirements. Device attestation using a TPM or X.509 certificates is more secure, and should be used for more stringent security requirements.

Prerequisites

[!INCLUDE iot-edge-prerequisites-at-scale-cloud-resources.md]

Device requirements

A physical or virtual Linux device to be the IoT Edge device.

You will need to define a unique registration ID to identify each device. You can use the MAC address, serial number, or any unique information from the device. For example, you could use a combination of a MAC address and serial number forming the following string for a registration ID: sn-007-888-abc-mac-a1-b2-c3-d4-e5-f6. Valid characters are lowercase alphanumeric and dash (-).

[!INCLUDE iot-edge-create-dps-enrollment-symmetric.md]

[!INCLUDE install-iot-edge-linux.md]

Provision the device with its cloud identity

Once the runtime is installed on your device, configure the device with the information it uses to connect to the device provisioning service and IoT Hub.

Have the following information ready:

  • The DPS ID Scope value
  • The device Registration ID you created
  • Either the Primary Key from an individual enrollment, or a derived key for devices using a group enrollment.

Create a configuration file for your device based on a template file that is provided as part of the IoT Edge installation.

Ubuntu / Debian / RHEL

sudo cp /etc/aziot/config.toml.edge.template /etc/aziot/config.toml

Open the configuration file on the IoT Edge device.

sudo nano /etc/aziot/config.toml

Ubuntu Core snaps

If using a snap installation of IoT Edge, the template file is located at /snap/azure-iot-edge/current/etc/aziot/config.toml.edge.template. Create a copy of the template file in your home directory and name it config.toml. For example:

cp /snap/azure-iot-edge/current/etc/aziot/config.toml.edge.template ~/config.toml

Open the configuration file in your home directory on the IoT Edge device.

nano ~/config.toml

  1. Find the Provisioning section of the file. Uncomment the lines for DPS provisioning with symmetric key, and make sure any other provisioning lines are commented out.

    # DPS provisioning with symmetric key
[provisioning]
source = "dps"
global_endpoint = "https://global.azure-devices-provisioning.net"
id_scope = "PASTE_YOUR_SCOPE_ID_HERE"

# Uncomment to send a custom payload during DPS registration
# payload = { uri = "PATH_TO_JSON_FILE" }

[provisioning.attestation]
method = "symmetric_key"
registration_id = "PASTE_YOUR_REGISTRATION_ID_HERE"

symmetric_key = { value = "PASTE_YOUR_PRIMARY_KEY_OR_DERIVED_KEY_HERE" }

# auto_reprovisioning_mode = Dynamic

  2. Update the values of id_scope, registration_id, and symmetric_key with your DPS and device information.

    The symmetric key parameter can accept a value of an inline key, a file URI, or a PKCS#11 URI. Uncomment just one symmetric key line, based on which format you're using. When using an inline key, use a base64-encoded key like the example. When using a file URI, your file should contain the raw bytes of the key.

    If you use any PKCS#11 URIs, find the PKCS#11 section in the config file and provide information about your PKCS#11 configuration.

    For more information about provisioning configuration settings, see Configure IoT Edge device settings.

  3. Optionally, find the auto reprovisioning mode section of the file. Use the auto_reprovisioning_mode parameter to configure your device's reprovisioning behavior. Dynamic - Reprovision when the device detects that it may have been moved from one IoT Hub to another. This is the default. AlwaysOnStartup - Reprovision when the device is rebooted or a crash causes the daemons to restart. OnErrorOnly - Never trigger device reprovisioning automatically. Each mode has an implicit device reprovisioning fallback if the device is unable to connect to IoT Hub during identity provisioning due to connectivity errors. For more information, see IoT Hub device reprovisioning concepts.

  4. Optionally, uncomment the payload parameter to specify the path to a local JSON file. The contents of the file is sent to DPS as additional data when the device registers. This is useful for custom allocation. For example, if you want to allocate your devices based on an IoT Plug and Play model ID without human intervention.

  5. Save and close the file.

  6. Apply the configuration changes that you made on the device.

    Ubuntu / Debian / RHEL

    sudo iotedge config apply

    Ubuntu Core snaps

    sudo snap set azure-iot-edge raw-config="$(cat ~/config.toml)"

Verify successful installation

If the runtime started successfully, you can go into your IoT Hub and start deploying IoT Edge modules to your device.

Individual enrollment

You can verify that the individual enrollment that you created in device provisioning service was used. Navigate to your device provisioning service instance in the Azure portal. Open the enrollment details for the individual enrollment that you created. Notice that the status of the enrollment is assigned and the device ID is listed.

Group enrollment

You can verify that the group enrollment that you created in device provisioning service was used. Navigate to your device provisioning service instance in the Azure portal. Open the enrollment details for the group enrollment that you created. Go to the Registration Records tab to view all devices registered in that group.

Use the following commands on your device to verify that the IoT Edge installed and started successfully.

Check the status of the IoT Edge service.

sudo iotedge system status

Examine service logs.

sudo iotedge system logs

List running modules.

sudo iotedge list

Next steps

The device provisioning service enrollment process lets you set the device ID and device twin tags at the same time as you provision the new device. You can use those values to target individual devices or groups of devices using automatic device management. Learn how to Deploy and monitor IoT Edge modules at scale using the Azure portal or using Azure CLI.