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title description author ms.author ms.date ms.service ms.subservice ms.topic helpviewer_keywords
Configure the query governor cost limit (server configuration option)
Learn about the query governor cost limit option. See how to use it to limit execution of queries.
rwestMSFT
randolphwest
03/02/2017
sql
configuration
conceptual
queries [SQL Server], time to execute
query governor cost limit option [SQL Server]
time [SQL Server], query run time

Configure the query governor cost limit (server configuration option)

[!INCLUDE SQL Server]

This topic describes how to configure the query governor cost limit server configuration option in [!INCLUDEssnoversion] by using [!INCLUDEssManStudioFull] or [!INCLUDEtsql]. The cost limit option specifies an upper limit on the estimated cost allowed for a given query to run. Query cost is an abstract figure determined by the query optimizer based on estimated execution requirements such as CPU time, memory, and disk IO. It refers to the estimated elapsed time, in seconds, that would be required to complete a query on a specific hardware configuration. This abstract figure does not equate to the time required to complete a query on the running instance. It should be treated as a relative measure. The default value for this option is 0, which sets the query governor to off. Setting the value to 0 allows all queries to run without any time limitation. If you specify a nonzero, nonnegative value, the query governor disallows execution of any query that has an estimated cost that exceeds that value.

In This Topic

Before You Begin

Recommendations

  • This option is an advanced option and should be changed only by an experienced database administrator or certified [!INCLUDEssNoVersion] professional.

  • To change the value query governor cost limit on a per-connection basis, use the SET QUERY_GOVERNOR_COST_LIMIT statement.

Security

Permissions

Execute permissions on sp_configure with no parameters or with only the first parameter are granted to all users by default. To execute sp_configure with both parameters to change a configuration option or to run the RECONFIGURE statement, a user must be granted the ALTER SETTINGS server-level permission. The ALTER SETTINGS permission is implicitly held by the sysadmin and serveradmin fixed server roles.

Using SQL Server Management Studio

To configure the query governor cost limit option

  1. In Object Explorer, right-click a server and select Properties.

  2. Click the Connections page.

  3. Select or clear the Use query governor to prevent long-running queries check box.

    If you select this check box, in the box below, enter a positive value, which the query governor uses to disallow execution of any query with an estimated cost exceeding that value.

Using Transact-SQL

To configure the query governor cost limit option

  1. Connect to the [!INCLUDEssDE].

  2. From the Standard bar, click New Query.

  3. Copy and paste the following example into the query window and click Execute. This example shows how to use sp_configure to set the value of the query governor cost limit option to a estimated query cost upper limit of 120.

USE AdventureWorks2022;  
GO  
EXEC sp_configure 'show advanced options', 1;  
GO  
RECONFIGURE ;  
GO  
EXEC sp_configure 'query governor cost limit', 120 ;  
GO  
RECONFIGURE;  
GO

For more information, see Server Configuration Options (SQL Server).

Follow Up: After you configure the query governor cost limit option

The setting takes effect immediately without restarting the server.

See Also

RECONFIGURE (Transact-SQL)
SET QUERY_GOVERNOR_COST_LIMIT (Transact-SQL)
Server Configuration Options (SQL Server)
sp_configure (Transact-SQL)