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<!DOCTYPE html>
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<title>12 Internationalization - Metadata in multiple languages | Ecological Metadata Language (EML)</title>
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<meta name="twitter:title" content="12 Internationalization - Metadata in multiple languages | Ecological Metadata Language (EML)" />
<meta name="date" content="2019-08-17" />
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<div class="book-summary">
<nav role="navigation">
<ul class="summary">
<li><a href="./">EML Specification</a></li>
<li class="divider"></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1</b> EML: Ecological Metadata Language</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.1" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html#getting-started"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.1</b> Getting Started</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.2" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html#about-the-eml-project"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.2</b> About the EML Project</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.3" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html#contributing"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.3</b> Contributing</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.4" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html#history"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.4</b> History</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.5" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html#older-versions-deprecated"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.5</b> Older versions (deprecated)</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.6" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html#copyright-and-license"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.6</b> Copyright and License</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="1.7" data-path="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html"><a href="eml-ecological-metadata-language.html#funding-and-acknowledgements"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>1.7</b> Funding and Acknowledgements</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="2" data-path="features.html"><a href="features.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>2</b> Features</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3" data-path="contributors.html"><a href="contributors.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3</b> Contributors</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.1" data-path="contributors.html"><a href="contributors.html#current-contributors"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.1</b> Current contributors</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="3.2" data-path="contributors.html"><a href="contributors.html#past-contributors"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>3.2</b> Past contributors</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4</b> What’s New in EML 2.2.0</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.1" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#unit-additions-and-changes"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.1</b> Unit Additions and Changes</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.2" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#bibtex-support"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.2</b> BibTeX Support</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.3" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#citation-lists"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.3</b> Citation Lists</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.4" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#markdown-support"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.4</b> Markdown Support</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.5" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#usage-citations"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.5</b> Usage Citations</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.6" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#reference-publications"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.6</b> Reference Publications</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.7" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#data-paper-support"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.7</b> Data Paper Support</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.8" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#dataset-license"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.8</b> Dataset license</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.9" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#structured-funding-information"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.9</b> Structured Funding Information</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.10" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#unkown-deprecated-as-element-value"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.10</b> “unkown” deprecated as <maintenanceUpdateFrequency> element value</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.11" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#supporting-semantic-metadata"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.11</b> Supporting Semantic Metadata</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.12" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#support-for-ids-in-taxonomicclassification"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.12</b> Support for ids in taxonomicClassification</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.13" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#how-can-i-convert-from-earlier-versions-of-eml"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.13</b> How can I convert from earlier versions of EML?</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="4.14" data-path="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html"><a href="whats-new-in-eml-2-2-0.html#validity-of-new-eml-2.2.0-documents"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>4.14</b> Validity of new EML 2.2.0 documents</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5</b> The EML Module and Resources</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.1" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#the-eml-module---a-metadata-container"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.1</b> The eml module - A metadata container</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.2" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#the-eml-resource-module---base-information-for-all-resources"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.2</b> The eml-resource module - Base information for all resources</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.3" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#the-eml-dataset-module---dataset-specific-information"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.3</b> The eml-dataset module - Dataset specific information</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.4" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#the-eml-literature-module---citation-specific-information"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.4</b> The eml-literature module - Citation-specific information</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.4.1" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#eml-literature-module---literature-cited"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.4.1</b> eml-literature module - literature cited</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.4.2" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#eml-literature-module---usage-citation"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.4.2</b> eml-literature module - usage citation</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.4.3" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#eml-literature-module---reference-publication"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.4.3</b> eml-literature module - reference publication</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.5" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#the-eml-software-module---software-specific-information"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.5</b> The eml-software module - Software specific information</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="5.6" data-path="the-eml-module-and-resources.html"><a href="the-eml-module-and-resources.html#the-eml-protocol-module---research-protocol-specific-information"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>5.6</b> The eml-protocol module - Research protocol specific information</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6</b> Data Structure Modules</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.1" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-entity-module---entity-level-information-within-datasets"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.1</b> The eml-entity module - Entity level information within datasets</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.2" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-attribute-module---attribute-level-information-within-dataset-entities"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.2</b> The eml-attribute module - Attribute level information within dataset entities</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.2.1" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#philosophy-of-attribute-units"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.2.1</b> Philosophy of Attribute Units</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.3" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-constraint-module---relationships-among-and-within-dataset-entities"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.3</b> The eml-constraint module - Relationships among and within dataset entities</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.4" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-datatable-module---logical-information-about-data-table-entities"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.4</b> The eml-dataTable module - Logical information about data table entities</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.5" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-spatialraster-module---logical-information-about-regularly-gridded-geospatial-image-data"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.5</b> The eml-spatialRaster module - Logical information about regularly gridded geospatial image data</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.6" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-spatialvector-module---logical-information-about-non-gridded-geospatial-image-data"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.6</b> The eml-spatialVector module - Logical information about non-gridded geospatial image data</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.7" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#schema-for-validating-spatial-referencing-descriptions"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.7</b> Schema for validating spatial referencing descriptions</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.8" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-storedprocedure-module---data-tables-resulting-from-procedures-stored-in-a-database"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.8</b> The eml-storedProcedure module - Data tables resulting from procedures stored in a database</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="6.9" data-path="data-structure-modules.html"><a href="data-structure-modules.html#the-eml-view-module---data-tables-resulting-from-a-database-query"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>6.9</b> The eml-view module - Data tables resulting from a database query</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7" data-path="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><a href="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7</b> Discovery and Interpretation Modules</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.1" data-path="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><a href="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html#the-eml-access-module---access-control-rules-for-resources"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.1</b> The eml-access module - Access control rules for resources</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.2" data-path="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><a href="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html#the-eml-physical-module---physical-file-format"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.2</b> The eml-physical module - Physical file format</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.3" data-path="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><a href="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html#the-eml-party-module---people-and-organization-information"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.3</b> The eml-party module - People and organization information</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.4" data-path="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><a href="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html#the-eml-coverage-module---geographic-temporal-and-taxonomic-extents-of-resources"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.4</b> The eml-coverage module - Geographic, temporal, and taxonomic extents of resources</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.5" data-path="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><a href="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html#the-eml-project-module---research-context-information-for-resources"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.5</b> The eml-project module - Research context information for resources</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="7.6" data-path="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html"><a href="discovery-and-interpretation-modules.html#the-eml-methods-module---methodological-information-for-resources"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>7.6</b> The eml-methods module - Methodological information for resources</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8" data-path="utility-modules.html"><a href="utility-modules.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8</b> Utility Modules</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.1" data-path="utility-modules.html"><a href="utility-modules.html#the-eml-text-module---text-field-formatting"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.1</b> The eml-text module - Text field formatting</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="8.2" data-path="utility-modules.html"><a href="utility-modules.html#the-eml-semantics-module---semantic-annotations-for-formalized-statements-about-eml-components"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>8.2</b> The eml-semantics module - Semantic annotations for formalized statements about EML components</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="9" data-path="eml-schema.html"><a href="eml-schema.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>9</b> EML Schema</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10" data-path="validation-and-content-references.html"><a href="validation-and-content-references.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10</b> Validation and Content references</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.1" data-path="validation-and-content-references.html"><a href="validation-and-content-references.html#validation-rules"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.1</b> Validation rules</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.2" data-path="validation-and-content-references.html"><a href="validation-and-content-references.html#validation-algorithm"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.2</b> Validation algorithm</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.3" data-path="validation-and-content-references.html"><a href="validation-and-content-references.html#content-references"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.3</b> Content references</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.4" data-path="validation-and-content-references.html"><a href="validation-and-content-references.html#eml-validity-parser"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.4</b> EML Validity Parser</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="10.5" data-path="validation-and-content-references.html"><a href="validation-and-content-references.html#id-and-scope-examples"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>10.5</b> id and Scope Examples</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11</b> Semantic Annotation Primer</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.1" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#introduction"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.1</b> Introduction</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.1.1" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#take-home-messages"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.1.1</b> Take-home messages</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.1.2" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#organization-of-this-document"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.1.2</b> Organization of this document</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.1.3" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#other-conventions-and-terminology"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.1.3</b> Other Conventions and Terminology</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#semantic-annotations-in-eml-2.2.0"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2</b> Semantic Annotations in EML 2.2.0</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2.1" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#annotation-element-structure"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2.1</b> Annotation element structure</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2.2" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#top-level-resource-entity-level-and-attribute-annotations"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2.2</b> Top-level resource, entity-level, and attribute annotations</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2.3" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#annotations-grouped-under-the-eml-annotations-element"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2.3</b> Annotations grouped under the EML <code><annotations></code> element</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.2.4" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#annotations-grouped-under-additionalmetadata"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.2.4</b> Annotations grouped under <code><additionalMetadata></code></a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#appendix"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3</b> Appendix</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3.1" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#semantic-triples"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3.1</b> Semantic triples</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3.2" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#uris"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3.2</b> URIs</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3.3" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#rdf-graphs"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3.3</b> RDF Graphs</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3.4" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#check-for-logical-consistency"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3.4</b> Check for Logical Consistency</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3.5" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#glossary"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3.5</b> Glossary</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3.6" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#vocabularies-and-repositories-used-in-examples"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3.6</b> Vocabularies and repositories used in examples</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.3.7" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#additional-background-information"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.3.7</b> Additional background information</a></li>
</ul></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="11.4" data-path="semantic-annotation-primer.html"><a href="semantic-annotation-primer.html#frequently-asked-questions"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>11.4</b> Frequently asked questions</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="12" data-path="internationalization-metadata-in-multiple-languages.html"><a href="internationalization-metadata-in-multiple-languages.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>12</b> Internationalization - Metadata in multiple languages</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13</b> Release Notes</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.1" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#section"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.1</b> 2.2.0</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.2" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#section-1"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.2</b> 2.1.1</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.3" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#numbers-refer-to-the-corresponding-bugzilla-bug-id-not-the-github"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.3</b> 2.1.0 (numbers refer to the corresponding Bugzilla bug id, not the GitHub #)</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.4" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#numbers-refer-to-the-corresponding-bugzilla-bug-id-not-the-github-1"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.4</b> 2.0.1 (numbers refer to the corresponding Bugzilla bug id, not the GitHub #)</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.5" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#numbers-refer-to-the-corresponding-bugzilla-bug-id-not-the-github-2"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.5</b> 2.0.0 - (numbers refer to the corresponding Bugzilla bug id, not the GitHub #)</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.6" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#rc3-numbers-refer-to-the-corresponding-bugzilla-bug-id-not-the-github"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.6</b> 2.0.0rc3 (numbers refer to the corresponding Bugzilla bug id, not the GitHub #)</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.7" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#rc2-numbers-refer-to-the-corresponding-bugzilla-bug-id-not-the-github"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.7</b> RC2 (numbers refer to the corresponding Bugzilla bug id, not the GitHub #)</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.8" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#rc1-numbers-refer-to-the-corresponding-bugzilla-bug-id-not-the-github"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.8</b> RC1 (numbers refer to the corresponding Bugzilla bug id, not the GitHub #)</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.9" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#beta9-fixes-"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.9</b> Beta9 Fixes-</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.10" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#beta-8-fixes-"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.10</b> Beta 8 Fixes-</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="13.0.11" data-path="release-notes.html"><a href="release-notes.html#beta-7-fixes-"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>13.0.11</b> Beta 7 Fixes-</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="14" data-path="about-this-site.html"><a href="about-this-site.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>14</b> About this site</a><ul>
<li class="chapter" data-level="14.1" data-path="about-this-site.html"><a href="about-this-site.html#building-the-site"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>14.1</b> Building the site</a></li>
<li class="chapter" data-level="14.2" data-path="about-this-site.html"><a href="about-this-site.html#deploying-the-site"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>14.2</b> Deploying the site</a></li>
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<li class="chapter" data-level="15" data-path="references.html"><a href="references.html"><i class="fa fa-check"></i><b>15</b> References</a></li>
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<i class="fa fa-circle-o-notch fa-spin"></i><a href="./">Ecological Metadata Language (EML)</a>
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<div id="internationalization---metadata-in-multiple-languages" class="section level1">
<h1><span class="header-section-number">12</span> Internationalization - Metadata in multiple languages</h1>
<p>EML supports internationalization using the <code>i18nNonEmptyStringType</code>. This allows
an element in EML to contain text in a default language, as well as optional
representations of that element in other languages.</p>
<p>Fields defined as this type include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Title</li>
<li>Keyword</li>
<li>Contact information (e.g. names, organizations, addresses)</li>
</ul>
<p>TextType fields also support language translations. These fields
include:</p>
<ul>
<li>Abstract</li>
<li>Methods</li>
<li>Protocol</li>
</ul>
<p>Core metadata should be provided in English. The core elements can be
augmented with translations in a native language. Detailed metadata can
be provided in the native language as declared using the xml:lang
attribute. Authors can opt to include English translations of this
detailed metadata as they see fit.</p>
<p><strong>Example 2.1. Internationalization techniques</strong></p>
<p>The following example metadata document is provided primarily in
Portuguese but includes English translations of core metadata fields.
The xml:lang="pt_BR" attribute at the root of the EML document
indicates that, unless otherwise specified, the content of the document
is supplied in Portuguese (Brazil). The xml:lang="en_US" attributes
on child elements denote that the content of that element is provided in
English. Core metadata (i.e. title) is provided in English, supplemented
with a Portuguese translation using the value tag with an xml:lang
attribute. Note that child elements can override the root language
declaration of the document as well as the language declaration of their
containing elements. The abstract element is primarily given in
Portuguese (as inherited from the root language declaration), with an
English translation.</p>
<p>Many EML fields are repeatable (i.e. keyword) so that multiple values
can be provided for the same concept. Translations for these fields
should be included as nested value tags to indicate that they are
equivalent concepts expressed in different languages rather than
entirely different concepts.</p>
<div class="sourceCode" id="cb34"><pre class="sourceCode xml"><code class="sourceCode xml"><a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-1" data-line-number="1"> <span class="kw"><?xml</span> version="1.0"<span class="kw">?></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-2" data-line-number="2"> <span class="kw"><eml:eml</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-3" data-line-number="3"><span class="ot"> packageId=</span><span class="st">"eml.1.1"</span><span class="ot"> system=</span><span class="st">"knb"</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-4" data-line-number="4"><span class="ot"> xml:lang=</span><span class="st">"pt_BR"</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-5" data-line-number="5"><span class="ot"> xmlns:eml=</span><span class="st">"https://eml.ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.2.0"</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-6" data-line-number="6"><span class="ot"> xmlns:xsi=</span><span class="st">"http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"</span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-7" data-line-number="7"><span class="ot"> xsi:schemaLocation=</span><span class="st">"https://eml.ecoinformatics.org/eml-2.2.0 eml.xsd"</span><span class="kw">></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-8" data-line-number="8"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-9" data-line-number="9"> <span class="kw"><dataset</span><span class="ot"> id=</span><span class="st">"ds.1"</span><span class="kw">></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-10" data-line-number="10"></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-11" data-line-number="11"> <span class="co"><!-- English title with Portuguese translation --></span> </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-12" data-line-number="12"> <span class="kw"><title</span><span class="ot"> xml:lang=</span><span class="st">"en-US"</span><span class="kw">></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-13" data-line-number="13"> Sample Dataset Description</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-14" data-line-number="14"> <span class="kw"><value</span><span class="ot"> xml:lang=</span><span class="st">"pt-BR"</span><span class="kw">></span>Exemplo Descrição Dataset<span class="kw"></value></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-15" data-line-number="15"> <span class="kw"></title></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-16" data-line-number="16"> ...</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-17" data-line-number="17"> <span class="co"><!-- Portuguese abstract with English translation --></span> </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-18" data-line-number="18"> <span class="kw"><abstract></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-19" data-line-number="19"> <span class="kw"><para></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-20" data-line-number="20"> Neste exemplo, a tradução em Inglês é secundário</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-21" data-line-number="21"> <span class="kw"><value</span><span class="ot"> xml:lang=</span><span class="st">""</span><span class="kw">></span>In this example, the English translation is secondary<span class="kw"></value></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-22" data-line-number="22"> <span class="kw"></para></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-23" data-line-number="23"> <span class="kw"></abstract></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-24" data-line-number="24"> ...</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-25" data-line-number="25"> <span class="co"><!-- two keywords, each with an equivalent translation --></span> </a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-26" data-line-number="26"> <span class="kw"><keywordSet></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-27" data-line-number="27"> <span class="kw"><keyword</span><span class="ot"> keywordType=</span><span class="st">"theme"</span><span class="kw">></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-28" data-line-number="28"> árvore</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-29" data-line-number="29"> <span class="kw"><value</span><span class="ot"> xml:lang=</span><span class="st">"en-US"</span><span class="kw">></span>tree<span class="kw"></value></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-30" data-line-number="30"> <span class="kw"></keyword></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-31" data-line-number="31"> <span class="kw"><keyword</span><span class="ot"> keywordType=</span><span class="st">"theme"</span><span class="kw">></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-32" data-line-number="32"> água</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-33" data-line-number="33"> <span class="kw"><value</span><span class="ot"> xml:lang=</span><span class="st">"en-US"</span><span class="kw">></span>water<span class="kw"></value></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-34" data-line-number="34"> <span class="kw"></keyword></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-35" data-line-number="35"> <span class="kw"></keywordSet></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-36" data-line-number="36"> ...</a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-37" data-line-number="37"> <span class="kw"></dataset></span></a>
<a class="sourceLine" id="cb34-38" data-line-number="38"> <span class="kw"></eml:eml></span></a></code></pre></div>
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