to_json function to convert the array with a single empty row to a JSON string throws an exception.

[Feng-Jiang28]

to_json function to convert the array with a single empty row to a JSON string throws an exception.

Reproduce:

CPU:

scala> import org.apache.spark.sql.{SparkSession, Row}
import org.apache.spark.sql.{SparkSession, Row}

scala> import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._

scala> import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
import org.apache.spark.sql.types._

scala> val spark = SparkSession.builder.appName("Test").getOrCreate()
24/05/28 16:25:28 WARN SparkSession: Using an existing Spark session; only runtime SQL configurations will take effect.
spark: org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession = org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession@1cc20796

scala> import spark.implicits._
import spark.implicits._

scala> val structType = StructType(StructField("a", IntegerType) :: Nil)
structType: org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructType = StructType(StructField(a,IntegerType,true))

scala> val inputSchema = ArrayType(structType)
inputSchema: org.apache.spark.sql.types.ArrayType = ArrayType(StructType(StructField(a,IntegerType,true)),true)

scala> val data = Seq(
     |   Row(Seq(Row(null)))
     | )
data: Seq[org.apache.spark.sql.Row] = List([List([null])])

scala> val df = spark.createDataFrame(
     |   spark.sparkContext.parallelize(data),
     |   StructType(Seq(StructField("value", inputSchema)))
     | )
df: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [value: array<struct<a:int>>]

scala> val jsonDF = df.select(to_json(col("value")).alias("json_string"))
jsonDF: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [json_string: string]

scala> jsonDF.show(false)
+-----------+
|json_string|
+-----------+
|[{}]       |
+-----------+


scala> spark.stop()

GPU:

:~$ $SPARK_HOME/bin/spark-shell --master local[*] --jars ${SPARK_RAPIDS_PLUGIN_JAR} 
--conf spark.plugins=com.nvidia.spark.SQLPlugin 
--conf spark.rapids.sql.enabled=true 
--conf spark.rapids.sql.explain=ALL 
--driver-java-options '-ea -Duser.timezone=UTC ' 
--conf spark.rapids.sql.expression.JsonTuple=true 
--conf spark.rapids.sql.expression.GetJsonObject=true 
--conf spark.rapids.sql.expression.JsonToStructs=true 
--conf spark.rapids.sql.expression.StructsToJson=true

scala> import org.apache.spark.sql.{SparkSession, Row}
import org.apache.spark.sql.{SparkSession, Row}

scala> import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._
import org.apache.spark.sql.functions._

scala> import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
import org.apache.spark.sql.types._

scala> val spark = SparkSession.builder.appName("Test").getOrCreate()
24/05/28 08:28:57 WARN RapidsPluginUtils: RAPIDS Accelerator is enabled, to disable GPU support set `spark.rapids.sql.enabled` to false.
24/05/28 08:28:57 WARN RapidsPluginUtils: spark.rapids.sql.explain is set to `ALL`. Set it to 'NONE' to suppress the diagnostics logging about the query placement on the GPU.
spark: org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession = org.apache.spark.sql.SparkSession@290a21ea

scala> import spark.implicits._
import spark.implicits._

scala> val structType = StructType(StructField("a", IntegerType) :: Nil)
structType: org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructType = StructType(StructField(a,IntegerType,true))

scala> val inputSchema = ArrayType(structType)
inputSchema: org.apache.spark.sql.types.ArrayType = ArrayType(StructType(StructField(a,IntegerType,true)),true)

scala> val data = Seq(
     |   Row(Seq(Row(null)))
     | )
data: Seq[org.apache.spark.sql.Row] = List([List([null])])

scala> val df = spark.createDataFrame(
     |   spark.sparkContext.parallelize(data),
     |   StructType(Seq(StructField("value", inputSchema)))
     | )
df: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [value: array<struct<a:int>>]

scala> val jsonDF = df.select(to_json(col("value")).alias("json_string"))
jsonDF: org.apache.spark.sql.DataFrame = [json_string: string]

scala> jsonDF.show(false)
24/05/28 08:29:00 WARN GpuOverrides: 
!Exec <CollectLimitExec> cannot run on GPU because the Exec CollectLimitExec has been disabled, and is disabled by default because Collect Limit replacement can be slower on the GPU, if huge number of rows in a batch it could help by limiting the number of rows transferred from GPU to CPU. Set spark.rapids.sql.exec.CollectLimitExec to true if you wish to enable it
  @Partitioning <SinglePartition$> could run on GPU
  *Exec <ProjectExec> will run on GPU
    *Expression <Alias> to_json(value#31, Some(UTC)) AS json_string#36 will run on GPU
      *Expression <StructsToJson> to_json(value#31, Some(UTC)) will run on GPU
    ! <RDDScanExec> cannot run on GPU because GPU does not currently support the operator class org.apache.spark.sql.execution.RDDScanExec
      @Expression <AttributeReference> value#31 could run on GPU

24/05/28 08:29:00 ERROR Executor: Exception in task 6.0 in stage 2.0 (TID 11)
java.lang.ClassCastException: org.apache.spark.sql.types.ArrayType cannot be cast to org.apache.spark.sql.types.StructType
	at org.apache.spark.sql.rapids.GpuStructsToJson.doColumnar(GpuStructsToJson.scala:86)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.GpuUnaryExpression.doItColumnar(GpuExpressions.scala:250)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.GpuUnaryExpression.$anonfun$columnarEval$1(GpuExpressions.scala:261)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.Arm$.withResource(Arm.scala:30)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.GpuUnaryExpression.columnarEval(GpuExpressions.scala:260)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.RapidsPluginImplicits$ReallyAGpuExpression.columnarEval(implicits.scala:35)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.GpuAlias.columnarEval(namedExpressions.scala:110)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.RapidsPluginImplicits$ReallyAGpuExpression.columnarEval(implicits.scala:35)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.GpuProjectExec$.$anonfun$project$1(basicPhysicalOperators.scala:110)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.RapidsPluginImplicits$MapsSafely.$anonfun$safeMap$1(implicits.scala:221)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.RapidsPluginImplicits$MapsSafely.$anonfun$safeMap$1$adapted(implicits.scala:218)
	at scala.collection.immutable.List.foreach(List.scala:431)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.RapidsPluginImplicits$MapsSafely.safeMap(implicits.scala:218)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.RapidsPluginImplicits$AutoCloseableProducingSeq.safeMap(implicits.scala:253)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.GpuProjectExec$.project(basicPhysicalOperators.scala:110)
	at com.nvidia.spark.rapids.GpuTieredProject.$anonfun$project$2(basicPhysicalOperators.scala:619)