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国密SM3-OpenSSL-EVP接口例子.html
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<h3 id="简介"><a href="#简介" class="headerlink" title="简介"></a>简介</h3><p>国产SM3是中国国家密码管理局2010年公布的中国商用密码杂凑算法标准。SM3算法适用于商用密码应用中的数字签名和验证，是在SHA-256基础上改进实现的一种算法。SM3算法采用Merkle-Damgard结构，消息分组长度为512位，摘要值长度为256位。</p>
<p>EVP是OpenSSL提供的一组高级接口，使用EVP可以通过一致简单的接口调用不同的算法。</p>
<h3 id="单次哈希"><a href="#单次哈希" class="headerlink" title="单次哈希"></a>单次哈希</h3><p>单次哈希就是只计算一次哈希，适用于数据较短的情况，可以一次完成计算。</p>
<p>OpenSSL提供了接口来直接计算一段数据的哈希值：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-c" data-language="c"><code class="language-c"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">EVP_Digest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>data<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">size_t</span> count<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>md<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>size<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> EVP_MD <span class="token operator">*</span>type<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ENGINE <span class="token operator">*</span>impl<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>参数都比较好理解，<code>data</code>和<code>count</code>为输入数据和数据长度，<code>md</code>和<code>size</code>分别哈希值和哈希值长度，<code>type</code>为使用的哈希算法，<code>impl</code>是要使用的计算引擎，一般设为<code>NULL</code>使用默认的引擎。</p>
<p>一个简单的例子，计算”hello world”的哈希值：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-c" data-language="c"><code class="language-c"><span class="token comment">// sm3_str.c</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><openssl/evp.h></span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><stdio.h></span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><string.h></span></span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> HASH_RESULT_LEN <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/**
* @brief 计算一段数据的哈希值
*
* @param str 数据
* @param len 数据长度
* @param hash_result 哈希值
* @return unsigned int 哈希值长度
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">hash_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span><span class="token operator">*</span> str<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token class-name">size_t</span> len<span class="token punctuation">,</span>
<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span><span class="token operator">*</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> ret<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> EVP_MD<span class="token operator">*</span> alg <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">EVP_sm3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">EVP_Digest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>str<span class="token punctuation">,</span> len<span class="token punctuation">,</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token operator">&</span>ret<span class="token punctuation">,</span> alg<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> ret<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> argc<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span><span class="token operator">*</span> argv<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">char</span><span class="token operator">*</span> str <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token string">"hello world"</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// HASH_RESULT_LEN = EVP_MD_size(EVP_sm3());</span>
<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">[</span>HASH_RESULT_LEN<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> retlen <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">hash_str</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>str<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token function">strlen</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>str<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"hash '%s', return len=%d\nhash val="</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> str<span class="token punctuation">,</span> retlen<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> HASH_RESULT_LEN<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%02x"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>我们在代码第20行调用<code>EVP_sm3()</code>函数来使用SM3算法计算哈希，如果想使用其他的哈希算法，可以调用其他类似的函数，如：<code>EVP_md5()</code>, <code>EVP_sha256()</code>等。第28行的<code>EVP_MD_size</code>用来计算相应哈希算法的哈希值长度，如果不知道一个算法返回的哈希值长度的话可以先用次函数得到。</p>
<p>编译执行：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ gcc -Wall sm3_str.c -lcrypto -std<span class="token operator">=</span>c11 -o sm3_str
$ ./sm3_str
<span class="token builtin class-name">hash</span> <span class="token string">'hello world'</span>, <span class="token builtin class-name">return</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">len</span><span class="token operator">=</span><span class="token number">32</span>
<span class="token builtin class-name">hash</span> <span class="token assign-left variable">val</span><span class="token operator">=</span>44F0061E69FA6FDFC290C494654A05DC0C053DA7E5C52B84EF93A9D67D3FFF88<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>可以使用OpenSSL提供的命令行工具对结果进行验证：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ <span class="token builtin class-name">echo</span> -n <span class="token string">"hello world"</span> <span class="token operator">|</span> openssl sm3
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>stdin<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">=</span> 44f0061e69fa6fdfc290c494654a05dc0c053da7e5c52b84ef93a9d67d3fff88<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="多次哈希"><a href="#多次哈希" class="headerlink" title="多次哈希"></a>多次哈希</h3><p>有时可能数据较大或其他原因不能将所有的数据放在读入内存，可以多次读取多次计算得到数据的数据值，OpenSSL提供了一组实现这种功能的函数：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-c" data-language="c"><code class="language-c"><span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">EVP_DigestInit_ex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>EVP_MD_CTX <span class="token operator">*</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> EVP_MD <span class="token operator">*</span>type<span class="token punctuation">,</span> ENGINE <span class="token operator">*</span>impl<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">EVP_DigestUpdate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>EVP_MD_CTX <span class="token operator">*</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>d<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token class-name">size_t</span> cnt<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">EVP_DigestFinal_ex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>EVP_MD_CTX <span class="token operator">*</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>md<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token operator">*</span>s<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>一个简单的例子：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-c" data-language="c"><code class="language-c"><span class="token comment">// sm3_file.c</span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><openssl/evp.h></span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><stdio.h></span></span>
<span class="token macro property"><span class="token directive-hash">#</span><span class="token directive keyword">include</span> <span class="token string"><string.h></span></span>
<span class="token comment">// 哈希值长度（字节）</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">int</span> HASH_RESULT_LEN <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">32</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span> <span class="token class-name">size_t</span> BUFSIZE <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">8</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">/**
* @brief 计算文件中的数据哈希值
*
* @param fp 文件结构体
* @param hash_result 文件哈希值
*/</span>
<span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">hash_file</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>FILE<span class="token operator">*</span> fp<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span><span class="token operator">*</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">const</span> EVP_MD<span class="token operator">*</span> md <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">EVP_sm3</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
EVP_MD_CTX<span class="token operator">*</span> ctx <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">EVP_MD_CTX_new</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">char</span> buf<span class="token punctuation">[</span>BUFSIZE<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">size_t</span> nread <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">EVP_DigestInit_ex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> md<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">while</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>nread <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">fread</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>buf<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> BUFSIZE<span class="token punctuation">,</span> fp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token operator">></span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">EVP_DigestUpdate</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> buf<span class="token punctuation">,</span> nread<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">EVP_DigestFinal_ex</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">,</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token constant">NULL</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">EVP_MD_CTX_free</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>ctx<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">int</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> argc<span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> <span class="token keyword">const</span><span class="token operator">*</span> argv<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
<span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>argc <span class="token operator">!=</span> <span class="token number">2</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"usage: %s <file name>\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> argv<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
FILE<span class="token operator">*</span> fp <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token function">fopen</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>argv<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> <span class="token string">"r"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token operator">!</span>fp<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%s open failed.\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> argv<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="token keyword">char</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">[</span>HASH_RESULT_LEN<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">hash_file</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fp<span class="token punctuation">,</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"SM3(%s)= "</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> argv<span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token number">1</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token keyword">int</span> i <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> i <span class="token operator"><</span> HASH_RESULT_LEN<span class="token punctuation">;</span> i<span class="token operator">++</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"%02x"</span><span class="token punctuation">,</span> hash_result<span class="token punctuation">[</span>i<span class="token punctuation">]</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token function">printf</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">"\n"</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token function">fclose</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>fp<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token number">0</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>我们在第8行定义了每次读取8个字节，避免fread函数一次读取完文件的所有数据，达不到多次计算哈希的效果。</p>
<p>编译运行：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ gcc -g -Wall sm3_file.c -lcrypto -std<span class="token operator">=</span>c11 -o sm3_file
$ ./sm3_file sm3_file.c
SM3<span class="token punctuation">(</span>sm3_file.c<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">=</span> 124834c2c678680ef6ead002232f7d5acfb55778446c39719aca8821a68a7fdf<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>和OpenSSL命令行的结果进行对比：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-bash" data-language="bash"><code class="language-bash">$ <span class="token function">cat</span> sm3_file.c <span class="token operator">|</span> openssl sm3
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>stdin<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token operator">=</span> 124834c2c678680ef6ead002232f7d5acfb55778446c39719aca8821a68a7fdf<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="其他"><a href="#其他" class="headerlink" title="其他"></a>其他</h3><p>相关代码位于<a target="_blank" rel="noopener" href="https://gitee.com/nongguangxin/information_security.git">gitee仓库</a>，还包括其他SM2，SM3， SM4，数字信封，RSA，MD5，SHA等代码。</p>
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国密SM4对称加密算法OpenSSL EVP接口例子
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<span class="card-title">C语言中的计时方式</span>
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在C中计算时间间隔的不同方法和示例
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