-
Notifications
You must be signed in to change notification settings - Fork 0
/
用GDB调试汇编代码.html
1318 lines (936 loc) · 51.1 KB
/
用GDB调试汇编代码.html
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
337
338
339
340
341
342
343
344
345
346
347
348
349
350
351
352
353
354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361
362
363
364
365
366
367
368
369
370
371
372
373
374
375
376
377
378
379
380
381
382
383
384
385
386
387
388
389
390
391
392
393
394
395
396
397
398
399
400
401
402
403
404
405
406
407
408
409
410
411
412
413
414
415
416
417
418
419
420
421
422
423
424
425
426
427
428
429
430
431
432
433
434
435
436
437
438
439
440
441
442
443
444
445
446
447
448
449
450
451
452
453
454
455
456
457
458
459
460
461
462
463
464
465
466
467
468
469
470
471
472
473
474
475
476
477
478
479
480
481
482
483
484
485
486
487
488
489
490
491
492
493
494
495
496
497
498
499
500
501
502
503
504
505
506
507
508
509
510
511
512
513
514
515
516
517
518
519
520
521
522
523
524
525
526
527
528
529
530
531
532
533
534
535
536
537
538
539
540
541
542
543
544
545
546
547
548
549
550
551
552
553
554
555
556
557
558
559
560
561
562
563
564
565
566
567
568
569
570
571
572
573
574
575
576
577
578
579
580
581
582
583
584
585
586
587
588
589
590
591
592
593
594
595
596
597
598
599
600
601
602
603
604
605
606
607
608
609
610
611
612
613
614
615
616
617
618
619
620
621
622
623
624
625
626
627
628
629
630
631
632
633
634
635
636
637
638
639
640
641
642
643
644
645
646
647
648
649
650
651
652
653
654
655
656
657
658
659
660
661
662
663
664
665
666
667
668
669
670
671
672
673
674
675
676
677
678
679
680
681
682
683
684
685
686
687
688
689
690
691
692
693
694
695
696
697
698
699
700
701
702
703
704
705
706
707
708
709
710
711
712
713
714
715
716
717
718
719
720
721
722
723
724
725
726
727
728
729
730
731
732
733
734
735
736
737
738
739
740
741
742
743
744
745
746
747
748
749
750
751
752
753
754
755
756
757
758
759
760
761
762
763
764
765
766
767
768
769
770
771
772
773
774
775
776
777
778
779
780
781
782
783
784
785
786
787
788
789
790
791
792
793
794
795
796
797
798
799
800
801
802
803
804
805
806
807
808
809
810
811
812
813
814
815
816
817
818
819
820
821
822
823
824
825
826
827
828
829
830
831
832
833
834
835
836
837
838
839
840
841
842
843
844
845
846
847
848
849
850
851
852
853
854
855
856
857
858
859
860
861
862
863
864
865
866
867
868
869
870
871
872
873
874
875
876
877
878
879
880
881
882
883
884
885
886
887
888
889
890
891
892
893
894
895
896
897
898
899
900
901
902
903
904
905
906
907
908
909
910
911
912
913
914
915
916
917
918
919
920
921
922
923
924
925
926
927
928
929
930
931
932
933
934
935
936
937
938
939
940
941
942
943
944
945
946
947
948
949
950
951
952
953
954
955
956
957
958
959
960
961
962
963
964
965
966
967
968
969
970
971
972
973
974
975
976
977
978
979
980
981
982
983
984
985
986
987
988
989
990
991
992
993
994
995
996
997
998
999
1000
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html lang="zh-CN">
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<meta name="keywords" content="用GDB调试汇编代码, 技术分享，学习记录。">
<meta name="description" content="简要记录如何用GDB调试汇编代码">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, user-scalable=no">
<meta name="renderer" content="webkit|ie-stand|ie-comp">
<meta name="mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-capable" content="yes">
<meta name="apple-mobile-web-app-status-bar-style" content="black-translucent">
<meta name="referrer" content="no-referrer-when-downgrade">
<!-- Global site tag (gtag.js) - Google Analytics -->
<title>用GDB调试汇编代码 | 操作系统技术分享</title>
<link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="/favicon.png">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/awesome/css/all.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/materialize/materialize.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/aos/aos.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/animate/animate.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/lightGallery/css/lightgallery.min.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/matery.css">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/my.css">
<script src="/libs/jquery/jquery-3.6.0.min.js"></script>
<meta name="generator" content="Hexo 5.4.1"></head>
<body>
<header class="navbar-fixed">
<nav id="headNav" class="bg-color nav-transparent">
<div id="navContainer" class="nav-wrapper container">
<div class="brand-logo">
<a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<img src="/medias/logo.png" class="logo-img" alt="LOGO">
<span class="logo-span">操作系统技术分享</span>
</a>
</div>
<a href="#" data-target="mobile-nav" class="sidenav-trigger button-collapse"><i class="fas fa-bars"></i></a>
<ul class="right nav-menu">
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
<a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fas fa-home" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
<span>首页</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
<a href="/tags" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fas fa-tags" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
<span>标签</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
<a href="/categories" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fas fa-bookmark" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
<span>分类</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
<a href="/archives" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fas fa-archive" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
<span>归档</span>
</a>
</li>
<li class="hide-on-med-and-down nav-item">
<a href="/about" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fas fa-user-circle" style="zoom: 0.6;"></i>
<span>关于</span>
</a>
</li>
<li>
<a href="#searchModal" class="modal-trigger waves-effect waves-light">
<i id="searchIcon" class="fas fa-search" title="搜索" style="zoom: 0.85;"></i>
</a>
</li>
</ul>
<div id="mobile-nav" class="side-nav sidenav">
<div class="mobile-head bg-color">
<img src="/medias/logo.png" class="logo-img circle responsive-img">
<div class="logo-name">操作系统技术分享</div>
<div class="logo-desc">
这里是农光鑫的个人博客
</div>
</div>
<ul class="menu-list mobile-menu-list">
<li class="m-nav-item">
<a href="/" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fa-fw fas fa-home"></i>
首页
</a>
</li>
<li class="m-nav-item">
<a href="/tags" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fa-fw fas fa-tags"></i>
标签
</a>
</li>
<li class="m-nav-item">
<a href="/categories" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fa-fw fas fa-bookmark"></i>
分类
</a>
</li>
<li class="m-nav-item">
<a href="/archives" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fa-fw fas fa-archive"></i>
归档
</a>
</li>
<li class="m-nav-item">
<a href="/about" class="waves-effect waves-light">
<i class="fa-fw fas fa-user-circle"></i>
关于
</a>
</li>
<li><div class="divider"></div></li>
<li>
<a href="https://gitee.com/nongguangxin" class="waves-effect waves-light" target="_blank">
<i class="fab fa-github-square fa-fw"></i>Fork Me
</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<style>
.nav-transparent .github-corner {
display: none !important;
}
.github-corner {
position: absolute;
z-index: 10;
top: 0;
right: 0;
border: 0;
transform: scale(1.1);
}
.github-corner svg {
color: #0f9d58;
fill: #fff;
height: 64px;
width: 64px;
}
.github-corner:hover .octo-arm {
animation: a 0.56s ease-in-out;
}
.github-corner .octo-arm {
animation: none;
}
@keyframes a {
0%,
to {
transform: rotate(0);
}
20%,
60% {
transform: rotate(-25deg);
}
40%,
80% {
transform: rotate(10deg);
}
}
</style>
<a href="https://gitee.com/nongguangxin" class="github-corner tooltipped hide-on-med-and-down" target="_blank"
data-tooltip="Fork Me" data-position="left" data-delay="50">
<svg viewBox="0 0 250 250" aria-hidden="true">
<path d="M0,0 L115,115 L130,115 L142,142 L250,250 L250,0 Z"></path>
<path d="M128.3,109.0 C113.8,99.7 119.0,89.6 119.0,89.6 C122.0,82.7 120.5,78.6 120.5,78.6 C119.2,72.0 123.4,76.3 123.4,76.3 C127.3,80.9 125.5,87.3 125.5,87.3 C122.9,97.6 130.6,101.9 134.4,103.2"
fill="currentColor" style="transform-origin: 130px 106px;" class="octo-arm"></path>
<path d="M115.0,115.0 C114.9,115.1 118.7,116.5 119.8,115.4 L133.7,101.6 C136.9,99.2 139.9,98.4 142.2,98.6 C133.8,88.0 127.5,74.4 143.8,58.0 C148.5,53.4 154.0,51.2 159.7,51.0 C160.3,49.4 163.2,43.6 171.4,40.1 C171.4,40.1 176.1,42.5 178.8,56.2 C183.1,58.6 187.2,61.8 190.9,65.4 C194.5,69.0 197.7,73.2 200.1,77.6 C213.8,80.2 216.3,84.9 216.3,84.9 C212.7,93.1 206.9,96.0 205.4,96.6 C205.1,102.4 203.0,107.8 198.3,112.5 C181.9,128.9 168.3,122.5 157.7,114.1 C157.9,116.9 156.7,120.9 152.7,124.9 L141.0,136.5 C139.8,137.7 141.6,141.9 141.8,141.8 Z"
fill="currentColor" class="octo-body"></path>
</svg>
</a>
</nav>
</header>
<div class="bg-cover pd-header post-cover" style="background-image: url('/medias/featureimages/4.jpg')">
<div class="container" style="right: 0px;left: 0px;">
<div class="row">
<div class="col s12 m12 l12">
<div class="brand">
<h1 class="description center-align post-title">用GDB调试汇编代码</h1>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<main class="post-container content">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/libs/tocbot/tocbot.css">
<style>
#articleContent h1::before,
#articleContent h2::before,
#articleContent h3::before,
#articleContent h4::before,
#articleContent h5::before,
#articleContent h6::before {
display: block;
content: " ";
height: 100px;
margin-top: -100px;
visibility: hidden;
}
#articleContent :focus {
outline: none;
}
.toc-fixed {
position: fixed;
top: 64px;
}
.toc-widget {
width: 345px;
padding-left: 20px;
}
.toc-widget .toc-title {
padding: 35px 0 15px 17px;
font-size: 1.5rem;
font-weight: bold;
line-height: 1.5rem;
}
.toc-widget ol {
padding: 0;
list-style: none;
}
#toc-content {
padding-bottom: 30px;
overflow: auto;
}
#toc-content ol {
padding-left: 10px;
}
#toc-content ol li {
padding-left: 10px;
}
#toc-content .toc-link:hover {
color: #42b983;
font-weight: 700;
text-decoration: underline;
}
#toc-content .toc-link::before {
background-color: transparent;
max-height: 25px;
position: absolute;
right: 23.5vw;
display: block;
}
#toc-content .is-active-link {
color: #42b983;
}
#floating-toc-btn {
position: fixed;
right: 15px;
bottom: 76px;
padding-top: 15px;
margin-bottom: 0;
z-index: 998;
}
#floating-toc-btn .btn-floating {
width: 48px;
height: 48px;
}
#floating-toc-btn .btn-floating i {
line-height: 48px;
font-size: 1.4rem;
}
</style>
<div class="row">
<div id="main-content" class="col s12 m12 l9">
<!-- 文章内容详情 -->
<div id="artDetail">
<div class="card">
<div class="card-content article-info">
<div class="row tag-cate">
<div class="col s7">
<div class="article-tag">
<a href="/tags/GDB/">
<span class="chip bg-color">GDB</span>
</a>
<a href="/tags/AT-T%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96/">
<span class="chip bg-color">AT&T汇编</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="col s5 right-align">
<div class="post-cate">
<i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
<a href="/categories/C-C/" class="post-category">
C/C++
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="post-info">
<div class="post-date info-break-policy">
<i class="far fa-calendar-minus fa-fw"></i>发布日期:
2020-09-26
</div>
<div class="post-date info-break-policy">
<i class="far fa-calendar-check fa-fw"></i>更新日期:
2022-04-01
</div>
<div class="info-break-policy">
<i class="far fa-file-word fa-fw"></i>文章字数:
1.4k
</div>
<div class="info-break-policy">
<i class="far fa-clock fa-fw"></i>阅读时长:
6 分
</div>
</div>
</div>
<hr class="clearfix">
<!-- 是否加载使用自带的 prismjs. -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/libs/prism/prism.min.css">
<div class="card-content article-card-content">
<div id="articleContent">
<h3 id="1-常用命令"><a href="#1-常用命令" class="headerlink" title="1. 常用命令"></a>1. 常用命令</h3><p>启动gdb</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">$ gdb ./a.out
... ...
Reading symbols from ./a.out...
(gdb)<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>可以直接输入start开始调试，gdb会自动停在main函数开始执行的地方：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) start<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>也可以先指定断点再执行：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) break main # 在main函数处打一个断点
(gdb) break 5 # 在源文件的第五行第一个断点<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>使用run可以直接执行到断点处：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) run<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>单步调试：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) s # step 单步执行，遇到函数时进入函数内部
(gdb) n # next 单步执行，遇到函数不进入函数内部<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>查看寄存器：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) p $rsp # 显示$rsp寄存器的地址
(gdb) x $rsp # 显示$rsp寄存器的地址和值
(gdb) info registers # 显示所有寄存器的地址和值
(gdb) x $rsp + 8 # 显示$rsp+8的地址和值
(gdb) l # 显示源代码<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>如果定义了字符串常量，如：msg，可以使用如下命令查看</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) p (char*)msg<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p><code>(gdb) x</code>格式化输出选项：x/nxy</p>
<ul>
<li>n：输出的字段数</li>
<li>x：c（字符）， d（十进制），x（十六进制）</li>
<li>y：显示的字段的长度——b（字节），h（16位字），w（32位字）</li>
</ul>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) x/13cb &msg # 输出13位以字节编码的字符<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">(gdb) x/20x $rsp # 输出从$rsp开始的连续20个地址的值<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h3 id="2-实际例子"><a href="#2-实际例子" class="headerlink" title="2. 实际例子"></a>2. 实际例子</h3><p>使用以下代码为例：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-asm" data-language="asm"><code class="language-asm"># 目标： 了解函数的工作原理
# 这个程序将计算2^3+5^2的值
#
# main中的所有东西都存在寄存器中，所以data字段没有任何东西
.section .data
.section .text
msg:
.asciz "output: %lld\n"
# .string "output: %lld\n" # 这是另一种定义方法
.globl main
main:
push $3 # push第二个参数
push $2 # push第一个参数
call power # 调用函数
add $16, %rsp # 移回栈指针
push %rax # 保存第一个运算结果
push $2 # push第二个参数
push $5 # push第一个参数
call power # 调用函数
add $16, %rsp # 移回栈指针
pop %rbx # 将第一个运算结果从栈中
# 弹出到%rbx中
add %rax, %rbx # 将两个结果相加，保存到%ebx
# printf("output: %lld\n", %rsi)
mov $0, %rax
mov $msg, %rdi
mov %rbx, %rsi
call printf
# exit(0)
mov $0, %rdi
call exit
# 目标： 计算数的N次方
#
# 输入： 第一个参数 - 底数
# 第二个参数 - 指数
#
# 输出： 计算结果
#
# NOTES： 指数必须大于等于1
#
# 变量：
# %rbx - 保存底数
# %rcx - 保存指数
# -8(%rbp) - 保存当前结果
# %rax - 临时变量
.type power, @function
power:
push %rbp # 保存旧的基址寄存器
mov %rsp, %rbp # 使栈指针为基址指针
sub $8, %esp # 开辟空间存储本地变量
mov 16(%rbp), %rbx # 保存第一个参数到%rbx
mov 24(%rbp), %rcx # 保存第二个参数到%rcx
mov %rbx, -8(%rbp) # 保存当前结果
power_loop_start:
cmp $1, %rcx # 如果指数为1，结束
je end_power
mov -8(%rbp), %rax # 将当前结果保存移到%rax
imul %rbx, %rax # 当前结果乘以底数
mov %rax, -8(%rbp) # 保存当前结果
dec %rcx # 指数减一
jmp power_loop_start
end_power:
mov -8(%rbp), %rax # 返回值移到%rax
mov %rbp, %rsp # 重置栈指针
pop %rbp # 重置基址指针
ret
# to run this file, follow the commands below
# $ gcc -no-pie power.s
# $ ./a.out
# output: 33<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<h4 id="编译"><a href="#编译" class="headerlink" title="编译"></a>编译</h4><pre class="line-numbers language-sh" data-language="sh"><code class="language-sh">$ gcc -g -no-pie power.s -o power<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>使用<code>-g</code>选项生成调试信息。</p>
<h4 id="开始调试"><a href="#开始调试" class="headerlink" title="开始调试"></a>开始调试</h4><p>运行<code>sudo gdb ./power</code>，进入调试命令行：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell">$ gdb power
GNU gdb <span class="token punctuation">(</span>Ubuntu <span class="token number">9.1</span>-0ubuntu1<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token number">9.1</span>
Copyright <span class="token punctuation">(</span>C<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token number">2020</span> Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version <span class="token number">3</span> or later <span class="token operator"><</span>http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html<span class="token operator">></span>
This is <span class="token function">free</span> software: you are <span class="token function">free</span> to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
Type <span class="token string">"show copying"</span> and <span class="token string">"show warranty"</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> details.
This GDB was configured as <span class="token string">"x86_64-linux-gnu"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
Type <span class="token string">"show configuration"</span> <span class="token keyword">for</span> configuration details.
For bug reporting instructions, please see:
<span class="token operator"><</span>http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/bugs/<span class="token operator">></span>.
Find the GDB manual and other documentation resources online at:
<span class="token operator"><</span>http://www.gnu.org/software/gdb/documentation/<span class="token operator">></span>.
For help, <span class="token builtin class-name">type</span> <span class="token string">"help"</span><span class="token builtin class-name">.</span>
Type <span class="token string">"apropos word"</span> to search <span class="token keyword">for</span> commands related to <span class="token string">"word"</span><span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
Reading symbols from power<span class="token punctuation">..</span>.
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>打断点：</p>
<p>使用 break main 在main符号处打断点或 break 16 在第十六行打断点。</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">break</span> main
Breakpoint <span class="token number">1</span> at 0x401144: <span class="token function">file</span> power.s, line <span class="token number">16</span>.<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>或</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token builtin class-name">break</span> <span class="token number">16</span>
Breakpoint <span class="token number">1</span> at 0x401144: <span class="token function">file</span> power.s, line <span class="token number">16</span>.<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>运行至断点处：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> run
Starting program: /home/ngx/NoteBook/programing_from_the_ground_up/power
Breakpoint <span class="token number">1</span>, main <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> at power.s:16
<span class="token number">16</span> push <span class="token variable">$3</span> <span class="token comment"># push第二个参数</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>列出代码:</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-asm" data-language="asm"><code class="language-asm">(gdb) list
11 .string "output: %lld\n"
12
13 .globl main
14
15 main:
16 push $3 # push第二个参数
17 push $2 # push第一个参数
18 call power # 调用函数
19 add $16, %rsp # 移回栈指针
20 push %rax # 保存第一个运算结果<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>查看rsp寄存器的地址：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> print <span class="token variable">$rsp</span>
<span class="token variable">$1</span> <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>void *<span class="token punctuation">)</span> 0x7fffffffde38<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>单步执行，next：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> n
main <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> at power.s:17
<span class="token number">17</span> push <span class="token variable">$2</span> <span class="token comment"># push第一个参数</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>查看rsp寄存器的值：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> x <span class="token variable">$rsp</span>
0x7fffffffde30: 0x00000003<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>查看所有寄存器的值：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-asm" data-language="asm"><code class="language-asm">(gdb) info registers
rax 0x401144 4198724
rbx 0x4011c0 4198848
rcx 0x4011c0 4198848
rdx 0x7fffffffdf38 140737488346936
rsi 0x7fffffffdf28 140737488346920
rdi 0x1 1
rbp 0x0 0x0
rsp 0x7fffffffde30 0x7fffffffde30
r8 0x0 0
r9 0x7ffff7fe0d50 140737354009936
r10 0x5 5
r11 0x0 0
r12 0x401050 4198480
r13 0x7fffffffdf20 140737488346912
r14 0x0 0
r15 0x0 0
rip 0x401146 0x401146 <main+2>
eflags 0x246 [ PF ZF IF ]
cs 0x33 51
ss 0x2b 43
ds 0x0 0
es 0x0 0
fs 0x0 0
gs 0x0 0<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>单步执行后，显示$rsp+8的地址和值：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> n
main <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> at power.s:18
<span class="token number">18</span> call power <span class="token comment"># 调用函数</span>
<span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> x <span class="token variable">$rsp</span>+8
0x7fffffffde30: 0x00000003<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>输出定义的字符串：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> x/13cb <span class="token operator">&</span>msg
0x401136 <span class="token operator"><</span>msg<span class="token operator">></span>: <span class="token number">111</span> <span class="token string">'o'</span> <span class="token number">117</span> <span class="token string">'u'</span> <span class="token number">116</span> <span class="token string">'t'</span> <span class="token number">112</span> <span class="token string">'p'</span> <span class="token number">117</span> <span class="token string">'u'</span> <span class="token number">116</span> <span class="token string">'t'</span> <span class="token number">58</span> <span class="token string">':'</span> <span class="token number">32</span> <span class="token string">' '</span>
0x40113e <span class="token operator"><</span>msg+<span class="token operator"><span class="token file-descriptor important">8</span>></span>: <span class="token number">37</span> <span class="token string">'%'</span> <span class="token number">108</span> <span class="token string">'l'</span> <span class="token number">108</span> <span class="token string">'l'</span> <span class="token number">100</span> <span class="token string">'d'</span> <span class="token number">10</span> <span class="token string">'\n'</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p> 或</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> x/s msg
0x401136 <span class="token operator"><</span>msg<span class="token operator">></span>: <span class="token string">"output: %lld<span class="token entity" title="\n">\n</span>"</span><span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
<p>x格式化输出 – x/nxy</p>
<ul>
<li>n – 输出的地段数</li>
<li>x – c（字符），d（十进制）， x（十六进制）</li>
<li>y – 显示的字段的长度，b（字节），h（16位字），w（32位字）</li>
</ul>
<p>退出：</p>
<pre class="line-numbers language-shell" data-language="shell"><code class="language-shell"><span class="token punctuation">(</span>gdb<span class="token punctuation">)</span> q
A debugging session is active.
Inferior <span class="token number">1</span> <span class="token punctuation">[</span>process <span class="token number">23560</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> will be killed.
Quit anyway? <span class="token punctuation">(</span>y or n<span class="token punctuation">)</span> uy<span aria-hidden="true" class="line-numbers-rows"><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span><span></span></span></code></pre>
</div>
<hr/>
<div class="reprint" id="reprint-statement">
<div class="reprint__author">
<span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
<i class="fas fa-user">
文章作者:
</i>
</span>
<span class="reprint-info">
<a href="https://nonguangxin.cn" rel="external nofollow noreferrer">农光鑫</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="reprint__type">
<span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
<i class="fas fa-link">
文章链接:
</i>
</span>
<span class="reprint-info">
<a href="https://nonguangxin.cn/%E7%94%A8GDB%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81.html">https://nonguangxin.cn/%E7%94%A8GDB%E8%B0%83%E8%AF%95%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96%E4%BB%A3%E7%A0%81.html</a>
</span>
</div>
<div class="reprint__notice">
<span class="reprint-meta" style="font-weight: bold;">
<i class="fas fa-copyright">
版权声明:
</i>
</span>
<span class="reprint-info">
本博客所有文章除特別声明外，均采用
<a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/deed.zh" rel="external nofollow noreferrer" target="_blank">CC BY-NC-SA 4.0</a>
许可协议。转载请注明来源
<a href="https://nonguangxin.cn" target="_blank">农光鑫</a>
!
</span>
</div>
</div>
<script async defer>
document.addEventListener("copy", function (e) {
let toastHTML = '<span>复制成功，请遵循本文的转载规则</span><button class="btn-flat toast-action" onclick="navToReprintStatement()" style="font-size: smaller">查看</a>';
M.toast({html: toastHTML})
});
function navToReprintStatement() {
$("html, body").animate({scrollTop: $("#reprint-statement").offset().top - 80}, 800);
}
</script>
<div class="tag_share" style="display: block;">
<div class="post-meta__tag-list" style="display: inline-block;">
<div class="article-tag">
<a href="/tags/GDB/">
<span class="chip bg-color">GDB</span>
</a>
<a href="/tags/AT-T%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96/">
<span class="chip bg-color">AT&T汇编</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div class="post_share" style="zoom: 80%; width: fit-content; display: inline-block; float: right; margin: -0.15rem 0;">
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/libs/share/css/share.min.css">
<div id="article-share">
<div class="social-share" data-sites="twitter,facebook,google,qq,qzone,wechat,weibo,douban,linkedin" data-wechat-qrcode-helper="<p>微信扫一扫即可分享！</p>"></div>
<script src="/libs/share/js/social-share.min.js"></script>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<article id="prenext-posts" class="prev-next articles">
<div class="row article-row">
<div class="article col s12 m6" data-aos="fade-up">
<div class="article-badge left-badge text-color">
<i class="fas fa-chevron-left"></i> 上一篇</div>
<div class="card">
<a href="/C-%E5%86%85%E8%81%94%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96.html">
<div class="card-image">
<img src="/medias/featureimages/17.jpg" class="responsive-img" alt="C++内联汇编">
<span class="card-title">C++内联汇编</span>
</div>
</a>
<div class="card-content article-content">
<div class="summary block-with-text">
在C++中使用内联汇编的简要介绍和几个示例
</div>
<div class="publish-info">
<span class="publish-date">
<i class="far fa-clock fa-fw icon-date"></i>2020-11-26
</span>
<span class="publish-author">
<i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
<a href="/categories/C-C/" class="post-category">
C/C++
</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card-action article-tags">
<a href="/tags/%E5%86%85%E8%81%94%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96/">
<span class="chip bg-color">内联汇编</span>
</a>
<a href="/tags/AT-T/">
<span class="chip bg-color">AT&T</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="article col s12 m6" data-aos="fade-up">
<div class="article-badge right-badge text-color">
下一篇 <i class="fas fa-chevron-right"></i>
</div>
<div class="card">
<a href="/AT-T%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E8%B0%83%E7%94%A8%E7%9A%84%E4%B8%89%E7%A7%8D%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F.html">
<div class="card-image">
<img src="/medias/featureimages/8.jpg" class="responsive-img" alt="AT&T汇编调用系统调用的三种方式">
<span class="card-title">AT&T汇编调用系统调用的三种方式</span>
</div>
</a>
<div class="card-content article-content">
<div class="summary block-with-text">
简要介绍汇编中调用系统函数的方式。
</div>
<div class="publish-info">
<span class="publish-date">
<i class="far fa-clock fa-fw icon-date"></i>2020-09-26
</span>
<span class="publish-author">
<i class="fas fa-bookmark fa-fw icon-category"></i>
<a href="/categories/C-C/" class="post-category">
C/C++
</a>
</span>
</div>
</div>
<div class="card-action article-tags">
<a href="/tags/Linux/">
<span class="chip bg-color">Linux</span>
</a>
<a href="/tags/%E6%B1%87%E7%BC%96%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80/">
<span class="chip bg-color">汇编语言</span>
</a>
<a href="/tags/int%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%AD/">
<span class="chip bg-color">int中断</span>
</a>
<a href="/tags/syscall/">
<span class="chip bg-color">syscall</span>
</a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</article>
</div>
<!-- 代码块功能依赖 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeBlockFuction.js"></script>
<!-- 是否加载使用自带的 prismjs. -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/prism/prism.min.js"></script>
<!-- 代码语言 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeLang.js"></script>
<!-- 代码块复制 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeCopy.js"></script>
<!-- 代码块收缩 -->
<script type="text/javascript" src="/libs/codeBlock/codeShrink.js"></script>
</div>
<div id="toc-aside" class="expanded col l3 hide-on-med-and-down">
<div class="toc-widget card" style="background-color: white;">
<div class="toc-title"><i class="far fa-list-alt"></i> 目录</div>
<div id="toc-content"></div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<!-- TOC 悬浮按钮. -->
<div id="floating-toc-btn" class="hide-on-med-and-down">
<a class="btn-floating btn-large bg-color">
<i class="fas fa-list-ul"></i>
</a>
</div>
<script src="/libs/tocbot/tocbot.min.js"></script>
<script>
$(function () {
tocbot.init({
tocSelector: '#toc-content',
contentSelector: '#articleContent',
headingsOffset: -($(window).height() * 0.4 - 45),
collapseDepth: Number('0'),
headingSelector: 'h1, h2, h3, h4. h5, h6'
});
// Set scroll toc fixed.
let tocHeight = parseInt($(window).height() * 0.4 - 64);