Skip to content
New issue

Have a question about this project? Sign up for a free GitHub account to open an issue and contact its maintainers and the community.

By clicking “Sign up for GitHub”, you agree to our terms of service and privacy statement. We’ll occasionally send you account related emails.

Already on GitHub? Sign in to your account

Add 拟阵 #4850

Open
Great-designer opened this issue Apr 20, 2023 · 10 comments
Open

Add 拟阵 #4850

Great-designer opened this issue Apr 20, 2023 · 10 comments
Assignees
Labels
Content Request / 内容请求 New feature or request

Comments

@Great-designer
Copy link
Contributor

页面英文名

matroids

我希望能添加的内容是

许多贪心算法以拟阵(Matroids)为理论基础。另外,并非所有的贪心算法都以拟阵为基础。

对于线性无关,有性质:

一个线性无关向量组的任意子集也线性无关。

如果X和Y是两个线性无关向量组,且X的秩小于Y的秩,则必存在一个y∈Y,使得X∪{y}是一个线性无关向量组。

1935年,美国数学家哈斯勒·惠特尼(Hassler Whitney)把以上两条性质进行了抽象推广,提出了拟阵概念。

一个拟阵是一个满足如下性质的有序对M = (S, I),其中S是非空有限集:

遗传性质:I是S的子集的一个非空族,且若B∈I,且A⊆B,则A∈I。

交换性质:若A∈I, B∈I且|A| < |B|,则存在某个元素x∈B – A,使得A∪{x}∈I。

拟阵有许多案例,例如“矩阵拟阵”和“图拟阵”等等。

线性无关向量组的矩阵构成矩阵拟阵中的I。

森林构成图拟阵中的I。

S的子集的非空族,若满足遗传性质,称为S的独立子集。

给定加权拟阵M = (S, I),计算S的具有最大权值w(A)的独立子集 A∈I ,称为拟阵M的最优子集。

对于具有正权函数的加权拟阵,贪心算法可以返回一个最优子集。

基于拟阵的贪心算法有很多,例如最小生成树的Kruskal算法,以及单位时间任务调度问题的算法。

Prim算法也是贪心算法的例子,但是不满足拟阵的遗传性质,故不属于基于拟阵的贪心算法。

我了解到的相关参考资料有

可以添加到“杂项”。

@Great-designer Great-designer added the Content Request / 内容请求 New feature or request label Apr 20, 2023
@jifbt
Copy link
Contributor

jifbt commented Apr 21, 2023

赞同!建议与线性规划合并成组合优化,放在数学部分中。还有名称最好用单数 matroid,不用用复数形式。

推荐几篇文章:

@Great-designer

This comment was marked as off-topic.

@WilliamLi0623
Copy link

@Great-designer 看看贵校课件

@Great-designer
Copy link
Contributor Author

Great-designer commented Apr 24, 2023

@Great-designer 看看贵校课件

p9mDW5t.png

本校课件不能随便看,只放一个局部以证实确实是这样写的。如若不信,恕本人无法提供更多证据。

@Great-designer

This comment was marked as off-topic.

@misakamikotoynu

This comment was marked as off-topic.

@Great-designer

This comment was marked as off-topic.

@misakamikotoynu

This comment was marked as off-topic.

@CCXXXI

This comment was marked as off-topic.

@OI-wiki OI-wiki locked and limited conversation to collaborators Apr 24, 2023
@Tiphereth-A
Copy link
Member

working on this

拟阵这个概念在组合数学和图论中比较重要,个人认为有必要介绍一下

@Tiphereth-A Tiphereth-A self-assigned this Jan 10, 2024
@OI-wiki OI-wiki unlocked this conversation Jan 10, 2024
Sign up for free to join this conversation on GitHub. Already have an account? Sign in to comment
Labels
Content Request / 内容请求 New feature or request
Projects
None yet
Development

No branches or pull requests

6 participants