[NOT SOLVED][compile error] (in multiple files)error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope

[OccupyMars2025]

the reported errors are as follows:

src/evaluate_expression$ make all
c++ -pedantic-errors  -Wextra -Werror  -I../Vector  -I../Stack  -I../ -c evaluate_expression.cpp -MMD -o build/objects/./evaluate_expression.o
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder.h:13,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:21,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h: In function ‘void travPre_I1(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:37:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   37 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:37:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   37 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:37:26: error: ‘stack’ was not declared in this scope
   37 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                          ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:1:1: note: ‘std::stack’ is defined in header ‘<stack>’; did you forget to ‘#include <stack>’?
  +++ |+#include <stack>
    1 | /******************************************************************************************
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder.h:14,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:21,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h: At global scope:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:13:65: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   13 | static void visitAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, VST& visit, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                                 ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:13:70: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   13 | static void visitAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, VST& visit, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                                      ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h: In function ‘void visitAlongLeftBranch(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&, int)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:17:10: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   17 |          S.push( x->rc ); //�Һ�����ջ�ݴ棨���Ż���ͨ���жϣ�����յ��Һ�����ջ��
      |          ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h: In function ‘void travPre_I2(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:31:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   31 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:31:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   31 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:31:26: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   31 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                          ^
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder.h:13,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:22,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h: At global scope:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:12:50: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   12 | static void goAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                  ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:12:55: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   12 | static void goAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                       ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h: In function ‘void goAlongLeftBranch(BinNodePosi<T>, int)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:14:7: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   14 |       S.push( x );
      |       ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h: In function ‘void travIn_I1(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:28:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   28 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:28:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   28 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:28:26: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   28 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                          ^
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder.h:14,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:22,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h: In function ‘void travIn_I2(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h:18:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   18 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h:18:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   18 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h:18:26: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   18 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                          ^
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder.h:13,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:23,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h: At global scope:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:13: error: variable or field ‘goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft’ declared void
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:44: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |                                            ^~~~~
      |                                            obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:63: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |                                                               ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:67: error: ‘stack’ was not declared in this scope
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |                                                                   ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:1:1: note: ‘std::stack’ is defined in header ‘<stack>’; did you forget to ‘#include <stack>’?
  +++ |+#include <stack>
    1 | /******************************************************************************************
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h: In function ‘void travPost_I(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   90 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   90 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:26: error: ‘stack’ was not declared in this scope
   90 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                          ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:26: note: ‘std::stack’ is defined in header ‘<stack>’; did you forget to ‘#include <stack>’?
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:95:10: error: there are no arguments to ‘goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft’ that depend on a template parameter, so a declaration of ‘goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft’ must be available [-fpermissive]
   95 |          goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(stack);
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:95:10: note: (if you use ‘-fpermissive’, G++ will accept your code, but allowing the use of an undeclared name is deprecated)
In file included from ../UniPrint/print.h:32,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../Graph/Graph.h: At global scope:
../Graph/Graph.h:31:27: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   31 |    void BCC( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Rank>& ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS��˫��ͨ�����ֽ��㷨
      |                           ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph.h:31:32: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   31 |    void BCC( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Rank>& ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS��˫��ͨ�����ֽ��㷨
      |                                ^
../Graph/Graph.h:32:29: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   32 |    bool TSort( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Tv>* ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS�����������㷨
      |                             ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph.h:32:34: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   32 |    bool TSort( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Tv>* ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS�����������㷨
      |                                  ^
../Graph/Graph.h:61:4: error: ‘Stack’ does not name a type; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   61 |    Stack<Tv>* tSort( Rank ); //����DFS�����������㷨
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
In file included from ../Graph/Graph_implementation.h:23,
                 from ../Graph/Graph.h:67,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:32,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:12:1: error: ‘Stack’ does not name a type; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   12 | Stack<Tv>* Graph<Tv, Te>::tSort( Rank s ) { // assert: 0 <= s < n
      | ^~~~~
      | obstack
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:27:49: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   27 | bool Graph<Tv, Te>::TSort( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Tv>* S ) { // v < n
      |                                                 ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:27:54: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   27 | bool Graph<Tv, Te>::TSort( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Tv>* S ) { // v < n
      |                                                      ^
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h: In member function ‘bool Graph<Tv, Te>::TSort(Rank, Rank&, int)’:
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:33:36: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   33 |             if ( !TSort( u, clock, S ) ) //�Ӷ���u��������������
      |                                    ^
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:43:27: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   43 |    status( v ) = VISITED; S->push( vertex( v ) ); //���㱻���ΪVISITEDʱ���漴��ջ
      |                           ^
In file included from ../Graph/Graph_implementation.h:24,
                 from ../Graph/Graph.h:67,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:32,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from evaluate_expression.cpp:1:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h: In member function ‘void Graph<Tv, Te>::bcc(Rank)’:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:14:41: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   14 |    reset(); Rank clock = 0; Rank v = s; Stack<Rank> S; //ջS���Լ�¼�ѷ��ʵĶ���
      |                                         ^~~~~
      |                                         obstack
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:14:51: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   14 |    reset(); Rank clock = 0; Rank v = s; Stack<Rank> S; //ջS���Լ�¼�ѷ��ʵĶ���
      |                                                   ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:14:53: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   14 |    reset(); Rank clock = 0; Rank v = s; Stack<Rank> S; //ջS���Լ�¼�ѷ��ʵĶ���
      |                                                     ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h: At global scope:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:26:47: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   26 | void Graph<Tv, Te>::BCC( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Rank>& S ) { // assert: 0 <= v < n
      |                                               ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:26:52: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   26 | void Graph<Tv, Te>::BCC( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Rank>& S ) { // assert: 0 <= v < n
      |                                                    ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h: In member function ‘void Graph<Tv, Te>::BCC(Rank, Rank&, int)’:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:27:63: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   27 |    hca( v ) = dTime( v ) = ++clock; status( v ) = DISCOVERED; S.push( v ); // v�����ֲ���ջ
      |                                                               ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:37:23: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   37 |                /*DSA*/Stack<int> temp;
      |                       ^~~~~
      |                       obstack
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:37:29: error: expected primary-expression before ‘int’
   37 |                /*DSA*/Stack<int> temp;
      |                             ^~~
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:39:19: error: ‘temp’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘tm’?
   39 |                   temp.push ( S.pop() );
      |                   ^~~~
      |                   tm
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:41:31: error: ‘temp’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘tm’?
   41 |                } while ( u != temp.top() );
      |                               ^~~~
      |                               tm
make: [Makefile:26: build/objects/./evaluate_expression.o] Error 1 (ignored)
c++ -pedantic-errors  -Wextra -Werror  -I../Vector  -I../Stack  -I../ -c main.cpp -MMD -o build/objects/./main.o
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder.h:13,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:21,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h: In function ‘void travPre_I1(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:37:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   37 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:37:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   37 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:37:26: error: ‘stack’ was not declared in this scope
   37 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                          ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I1.h:1:1: note: ‘std::stack’ is defined in header ‘<stack>’; did you forget to ‘#include <stack>’?
  +++ |+#include <stack>
    1 | /******************************************************************************************
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder.h:14,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:21,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h: At global scope:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:13:65: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   13 | static void visitAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, VST& visit, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                                 ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:13:70: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   13 | static void visitAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, VST& visit, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                                      ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h: In function ‘void visitAlongLeftBranch(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&, int)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:17:10: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   17 |          S.push( x->rc ); //�Һ�����ջ�ݴ棨���Ż���ͨ���жϣ�����յ��Һ�����ջ��
      |          ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h: In function ‘void travPre_I2(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:31:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   31 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:31:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   31 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPreorder_I2.h:31:26: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   31 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                          ^
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder.h:13,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:22,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h: At global scope:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:12:50: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   12 | static void goAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                  ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:12:55: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   12 | static void goAlongLeftBranch( BinNodePosi<T> x, Stack<BinNodePosi<T>>& S ) {
      |                                                       ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h: In function ‘void goAlongLeftBranch(BinNodePosi<T>, int)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:14:7: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   14 |       S.push( x );
      |       ^
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h: In function ‘void travIn_I1(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:28:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   28 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:28:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   28 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I1.h:28:26: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   28 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                          ^
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder.h:14,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:22,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h: In function ‘void travIn_I2(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h:18:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   18 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h:18:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   18 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travInorder_I2.h:18:26: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   18 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> S; //����ջ
      |                          ^
In file included from ../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder.h:13,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode_implementation.h:23,
                 from ../BinTree/BinNode.h:58,
                 from ../BinTree/BinTree.h:11,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:18,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h: At global scope:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:13: error: variable or field ‘goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft’ declared void
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |             ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:44: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |                                            ^~~~~
      |                                            obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:63: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |                                                               ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:66:67: error: ‘stack’ was not declared in this scope
   66 | static void goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> &stack){
      |                                                                   ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:1:1: note: ‘std::stack’ is defined in header ‘<stack>’; did you forget to ‘#include <stack>’?
  +++ |+#include <stack>
    1 | /******************************************************************************************
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h: In function ‘void travPost_I(BinNodePosi<T>, VST&)’:
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:4: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   90 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:23: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   90 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                       ^~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:26: error: ‘stack’ was not declared in this scope
   90 |    Stack<BinNodePosi<T>> stack;
      |                          ^~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:90:26: note: ‘std::stack’ is defined in header ‘<stack>’; did you forget to ‘#include <stack>’?
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:95:10: error: there are no arguments to ‘goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft’ that depend on a template parameter, so a declaration of ‘goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft’ must be available [-fpermissive]
   95 |          goToDeepestLeafVisibleFromLeft(stack);
      |          ^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
../BinTree/BinNode_travPostorder_I.h:95:10: note: (if you use ‘-fpermissive’, G++ will accept your code, but allowing the use of an undeclared name is deprecated)
In file included from ../UniPrint/print.h:32,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../Graph/Graph.h: At global scope:
../Graph/Graph.h:31:27: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   31 |    void BCC( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Rank>& ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS��˫��ͨ�����ֽ��㷨
      |                           ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph.h:31:32: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   31 |    void BCC( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Rank>& ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS��˫��ͨ�����ֽ��㷨
      |                                ^
../Graph/Graph.h:32:29: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   32 |    bool TSort( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Tv>* ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS�����������㷨
      |                             ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph.h:32:34: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   32 |    bool TSort( Rank, Rank&, Stack<Tv>* ); //����ͨ�򣩻���DFS�����������㷨
      |                                  ^
../Graph/Graph.h:61:4: error: ‘Stack’ does not name a type; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   61 |    Stack<Tv>* tSort( Rank ); //����DFS�����������㷨
      |    ^~~~~
      |    obstack
In file included from ../Graph/Graph_implementation.h:23,
                 from ../Graph/Graph.h:67,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:32,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:12:1: error: ‘Stack’ does not name a type; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   12 | Stack<Tv>* Graph<Tv, Te>::tSort( Rank s ) { // assert: 0 <= s < n
      | ^~~~~
      | obstack
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:27:49: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   27 | bool Graph<Tv, Te>::TSort( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Tv>* S ) { // v < n
      |                                                 ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:27:54: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   27 | bool Graph<Tv, Te>::TSort( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Tv>* S ) { // v < n
      |                                                      ^
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h: In member function ‘bool Graph<Tv, Te>::TSort(Rank, Rank&, int)’:
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:33:36: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   33 |             if ( !TSort( u, clock, S ) ) //�Ӷ���u��������������
      |                                    ^
../Graph/Graph_tsort.h:43:27: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   43 |    status( v ) = VISITED; S->push( vertex( v ) ); //���㱻���ΪVISITEDʱ���漴��ջ
      |                           ^
In file included from ../Graph/Graph_implementation.h:24,
                 from ../Graph/Graph.h:67,
                 from ../UniPrint/print.h:32,
                 from ../_share/crc_list.h:12,
                 from ../_share/util.h:36,
                 from ../Vector/Vector_implementation.h:17,
                 from ../Vector/Vector.h:85,
                 from ../stack_vector/stack_vector.h:11,
                 from ../Stack/Stack.h:15,
                 from ../evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h:13,
                 from main.cpp:1:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h: In member function ‘void Graph<Tv, Te>::bcc(Rank)’:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:14:41: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   14 |    reset(); Rank clock = 0; Rank v = s; Stack<Rank> S; //ջS���Լ�¼�ѷ��ʵĶ���
      |                                         ^~~~~
      |                                         obstack
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:14:51: error: expected primary-expression before ‘>’ token
   14 |    reset(); Rank clock = 0; Rank v = s; Stack<Rank> S; //ջS���Լ�¼�ѷ��ʵĶ���
      |                                                   ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:14:53: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   14 |    reset(); Rank clock = 0; Rank v = s; Stack<Rank> S; //ջS���Լ�¼�ѷ��ʵĶ���
      |                                                     ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h: At global scope:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:26:47: error: ‘Stack’ has not been declared
   26 | void Graph<Tv, Te>::BCC( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Rank>& S ) { // assert: 0 <= v < n
      |                                               ^~~~~
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:26:52: error: expected ‘,’ or ‘...’ before ‘<’ token
   26 | void Graph<Tv, Te>::BCC( Rank v, Rank& clock, Stack<Rank>& S ) { // assert: 0 <= v < n
      |                                                    ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h: In member function ‘void Graph<Tv, Te>::BCC(Rank, Rank&, int)’:
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:27:63: error: ‘S’ was not declared in this scope
   27 |    hca( v ) = dTime( v ) = ++clock; status( v ) = DISCOVERED; S.push( v ); // v�����ֲ���ջ
      |                                                               ^
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:37:23: error: ‘Stack’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘obstack’?
   37 |                /*DSA*/Stack<int> temp;
      |                       ^~~~~
      |                       obstack
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:37:29: error: expected primary-expression before ‘int’
   37 |                /*DSA*/Stack<int> temp;
      |                             ^~~
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:39:19: error: ‘temp’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘tm’?
   39 |                   temp.push ( S.pop() );
      |                   ^~~~
      |                   tm
../Graph/Graph_bcc.h:41:31: error: ‘temp’ was not declared in this scope; did you mean ‘tm’?
   41 |                } while ( u != temp.top() );
      |                               ^~~~
      |                               tm
make: [Makefile:26: build/objects/./main.o] Error 1 (ignored)
c++ -pedantic-errors  -Wextra -Werror  -o ./build/apps/program build/objects/./evaluate_expression.o build/objects/./main.o -L/usr/lib -lstdc++ -lm
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find build/objects/./evaluate_expression.o: No such file or directory
/usr/bin/ld: cannot find build/objects/./main.o: No such file or directory
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: [Makefile:30: build/apps/program] Error 1 (ignored)

a temporary workaround:

in the file src/evaluate_expression/evaluate_expression.h, after I added the following line, those compile errors disappeared :

#include "UniPrint/print.h"

The project organization is not good, I may need to reorganize the whole project