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  • Explain the following code found in Caddyfile (configuration file of Caddy):
0.0.0.0
root /srv/app/public
gzip
fastcgi / 127.0.0.1:9000 php
rewrite {
  regexp .*
  ext /
  to /index.php?{query}
}

header / -Server

log stdout
errors stdout
on startup php-fpm --nodaemonize

The first line defines the site address of our application, which is 0.0.0.0, or localhost. We can use this line to specify the site address, which can take many forms. To learn more, you should check out the HTTP Caddyfile (https://caddyserver.com/docs/http-caddyfile) documentation.
The next line, gzip, is known as a Caddy directive. We configure the gzip directive to use the defaults, but you could customize the configuration with a block:

gzip {
  ext
  not
  level
  min_length
  }

Next, we are defining a FastCGI proxy so we can communicate with PHP-FPM.
After FastCGI, we define a main rewrite (https://caddyserver.com/docs/rewrite) rule that rewrites everything to our app's public/index.php file.
We wrap up the Caddyfile by sending access and error logs to stdout and stderr.
The last line starts PHP-FPM in the background with on startup event. The startup event is triggered just before the server starts listening.

Read more:
https://caddyserver.com/tutorial/caddyfile
https://caddyserver.com/docs/http-caddyfile
https://caddyserver.com/docs/rewrite

  • Do we need to restart Caddy in order to get the updated configuration from the Caddyfile?
    Yes. You need to restart Caddy server in order for Caddyfile configuration changes to take effect.
    However, sending the signal USR1 (for example: pkill -USR1 caddy) reloads the Caddy configuration file and then gracefully restarts the Caddy server. If there is an error with the new configuration, the error is logged and the configuration rolls back with zero downtime.
    Read more:
    https://caddyserver.com/docs/cli#usr1
    https://man.cx/pkill