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arm64.c
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arm64.c
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/*
* arm64.c - core analysis suite
*
* Copyright (C) 2012-2020 David Anderson
* Copyright (C) 2012-2020 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved.
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
* the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
* (at your option) any later version.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*/
#ifdef ARM64
#include "defs.h"
#include <elf.h>
#include <endian.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
#define NOT_IMPLEMENTED(X) error((X), "%s: function not implemented\n", __func__)
static struct machine_specific arm64_machine_specific = { 0 };
static int arm64_verify_symbol(const char *, ulong, char);
static void arm64_parse_cmdline_args(void);
static int arm64_search_for_kimage_voffset(ulong);
static int verify_kimage_voffset(void);
static void arm64_calc_kimage_voffset(void);
static void arm64_calc_phys_offset(void);
static void arm64_calc_physvirt_offset(void);
static void arm64_calc_virtual_memory_ranges(void);
static void arm64_get_section_size_bits(void);
static int arm64_kdump_phys_base(ulong *);
static ulong arm64_processor_speed(void);
static void arm64_init_kernel_pgd(void);
static int arm64_kvtop(struct task_context *, ulong, physaddr_t *, int);
static int arm64_uvtop(struct task_context *, ulong, physaddr_t *, int);
static int arm64_vtop_2level_64k(ulong, ulong, physaddr_t *, int);
static int arm64_vtop_3level_64k(ulong, ulong, physaddr_t *, int);
static int arm64_vtop_3level_4k(ulong, ulong, physaddr_t *, int);
static int arm64_vtop_4level_4k(ulong, ulong, physaddr_t *, int);
static ulong arm64_get_task_pgd(ulong);
static void arm64_irq_stack_init(void);
static void arm64_overflow_stack_init(void);
static void arm64_stackframe_init(void);
static int arm64_eframe_search(struct bt_info *);
static int arm64_is_kernel_exception_frame(struct bt_info *, ulong);
static int arm64_in_exception_text(ulong);
static int arm64_in_exp_entry(ulong);
static void arm64_back_trace_cmd(struct bt_info *);
static void arm64_back_trace_cmd_v2(struct bt_info *);
static void arm64_print_text_symbols(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *, FILE *);
static int arm64_print_stackframe_entry(struct bt_info *, int, struct arm64_stackframe *, FILE *);
static int arm64_print_stackframe_entry_v2(struct bt_info *, int, struct arm64_stackframe *, FILE *);
static void arm64_display_full_frame(struct bt_info *, ulong);
static void arm64_display_full_frame_v2(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *, struct arm64_stackframe *);
static int arm64_unwind_frame(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *);
static int arm64_unwind_frame_v2(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *, FILE *);
static int arm64_get_dumpfile_stackframe(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *);
static int arm64_in_kdump_text(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *);
static int arm64_in_kdump_text_on_irq_stack(struct bt_info *);
static int arm64_switch_stack(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *, FILE *);
static int arm64_switch_stack_from_overflow(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *, FILE *);
static int arm64_get_stackframe(struct bt_info *, struct arm64_stackframe *);
static void arm64_get_stack_frame(struct bt_info *, ulong *, ulong *);
static void arm64_gen_hidden_frame(struct bt_info *bt, ulong, struct arm64_stackframe *);
static void arm64_print_exception_frame(struct bt_info *, ulong, int, FILE *);
static void arm64_do_bt_reference_check(struct bt_info *, ulong, char *);
static int arm64_translate_pte(ulong, void *, ulonglong);
static ulong arm64_vmalloc_start(void);
static int arm64_is_task_addr(ulong);
static int arm64_dis_filter(ulong, char *, unsigned int);
static void arm64_cmd_mach(void);
static void arm64_display_machine_stats(void);
static int arm64_get_smp_cpus(void);
static void arm64_clear_machdep_cache(void);
static int arm64_on_process_stack(struct bt_info *, ulong);
static int arm64_in_alternate_stack(int, ulong);
static int arm64_in_alternate_stackv(int cpu, ulong stkptr, ulong *stacks, ulong stack_size);
static int arm64_on_irq_stack(int, ulong);
static int arm64_on_overflow_stack(int, ulong);
static void arm64_set_irq_stack(struct bt_info *);
static void arm64_set_overflow_stack(struct bt_info *);
static void arm64_set_process_stack(struct bt_info *);
static int arm64_get_kvaddr_ranges(struct vaddr_range *);
static void arm64_get_crash_notes(void);
static void arm64_calc_VA_BITS(void);
static int arm64_is_uvaddr(ulong, struct task_context *);
static void arm64_calc_KERNELPACMASK(void);
struct kernel_range {
unsigned long modules_vaddr, modules_end;
unsigned long vmalloc_start_addr, vmalloc_end;
unsigned long vmemmap_vaddr, vmemmap_end;
};
static struct kernel_range *arm64_get_va_range(struct machine_specific *ms);
static void arm64_get_struct_page_size(struct machine_specific *ms);
static void arm64_calc_kernel_start(void)
{
struct machine_specific *ms = machdep->machspec;
struct syment *sp;
if (THIS_KERNEL_VERSION >= LINUX(5,11,0))
sp = kernel_symbol_search("_stext");
else
sp = kernel_symbol_search("_text");
ms->kimage_text = (sp ? sp->value : 0);
sp = kernel_symbol_search("_end");
ms->kimage_end = (sp ? sp->value : 0);
}
/*
* Do all necessary machine-specific setup here. This is called several times
* during initialization.
*/
void
arm64_init(int when)
{
ulong value;
char *string;
struct machine_specific *ms;
#if defined(__x86_64__)
if (ACTIVE())
error(FATAL, "compiled for the ARM64 architecture\n");
#endif
switch (when) {
case SETUP_ENV:
machdep->process_elf_notes = process_elf64_notes;
break;
case PRE_SYMTAB:
machdep->machspec = &arm64_machine_specific;
machdep->verify_symbol = arm64_verify_symbol;
if (pc->flags & KERNEL_DEBUG_QUERY)
return;
machdep->verify_paddr = generic_verify_paddr;
if (machdep->cmdline_args[0])
arm64_parse_cmdline_args();
machdep->flags |= MACHDEP_BT_TEXT;
ms = machdep->machspec;
/*
* The st->_stext_vmlinux is needed in arm64_init(PRE_GDB) when a
* dumpfile does not have vmcoreinfo and we use -m vabits_actual
* option, e.g. a raw RAM dumpfile.
*/
if (ms->VA_BITS_ACTUAL)
st->_stext_vmlinux = UNINITIALIZED;
if (!ms->kimage_voffset && STREQ(pc->live_memsrc, "/dev/crash"))
ioctl(pc->mfd, DEV_CRASH_ARCH_DATA, &ms->kimage_voffset);
if (!ms->kimage_voffset &&
(string = pc->read_vmcoreinfo("NUMBER(kimage_voffset)"))) {
ms->kimage_voffset = htol(string, QUIET, NULL);
free(string);
}
if (ms->kimage_voffset ||
(ACTIVE() && (symbol_value_from_proc_kallsyms("kimage_voffset") != BADVAL))) {
machdep->flags |= NEW_VMEMMAP;
/*
* Even if CONFIG_RANDOMIZE_BASE is not configured,
* derive_kaslr_offset() should work and set
* kt->relocate to 0
*/
if (!kt->relocate && !(kt->flags2 & (RELOC_AUTO|KASLR)))
kt->flags2 |= (RELOC_AUTO|KASLR);
}
break;
case PRE_GDB:
if (kernel_symbol_exists("kimage_voffset"))
machdep->flags |= NEW_VMEMMAP;
if (!machdep->pagesize &&
(string = pc->read_vmcoreinfo("PAGESIZE"))) {
machdep->pagesize = atoi(string);
free(string);
}
if (!machdep->pagesize) {
/*
* Kerneldoc Documentation/arm64/booting.txt describes
* the kernel image header flags field.
*/
value = machdep->machspec->kernel_flags;
value = (value >> 1) & 3;
switch(value)
{
case 0:
break;
case 1:
machdep->pagesize = 4096;
break;
case 2:
/* TODO: machdep->pagesize = 16384; */
error(FATAL, "16K pages not supported.");
break;
case 3:
machdep->pagesize = 65536;
break;
}
}
/*
* This code section will only be executed if the kernel is
* earlier than Linux 4.4 (if there is no vmcoreinfo)
*/
if (!machdep->pagesize &&
kernel_symbol_exists("swapper_pg_dir") &&
kernel_symbol_exists("idmap_pg_dir")) {
value = symbol_value("swapper_pg_dir") -
symbol_value("idmap_pg_dir");
/*
* idmap_pg_dir is 2 pages prior to 4.1,
* and 3 pages thereafter. Only 4K and 64K
* page sizes are supported.
*/
switch (value)
{
case (4096 * 2):
case (4096 * 3):
machdep->pagesize = 4096;
break;
case (65536 * 2):
case (65536 * 3):
machdep->pagesize = 65536;
break;
}
} else if (ACTIVE())
machdep->pagesize = memory_page_size(); /* host */
machdep->pageshift = ffs(machdep->pagesize) - 1;
machdep->pageoffset = machdep->pagesize - 1;
machdep->pagemask = ~((ulonglong)machdep->pageoffset);
ms = machdep->machspec;
arm64_get_struct_page_size(ms);
arm64_calc_VA_BITS();
arm64_calc_KERNELPACMASK();
/* vabits_actual introduced after mm flip, so it should be flipped layout */
if (ms->VA_BITS_ACTUAL) {
ms->page_offset = ARM64_FLIP_PAGE_OFFSET;
/* useless on arm64 */
machdep->identity_map_base = ARM64_FLIP_PAGE_OFFSET;
machdep->kvbase = ARM64_FLIP_PAGE_OFFSET;
ms->userspace_top = ARM64_USERSPACE_TOP_ACTUAL;
} else {
ms->page_offset = ARM64_PAGE_OFFSET;
machdep->identity_map_base = ARM64_PAGE_OFFSET;
machdep->kvbase = ARM64_VA_START;
ms->userspace_top = ARM64_USERSPACE_TOP;
}
machdep->is_kvaddr = generic_is_kvaddr;
machdep->kvtop = arm64_kvtop;
/* The defaults */
ms->vmalloc_end = ARM64_VMALLOC_END;
ms->vmemmap_vaddr = ARM64_VMEMMAP_VADDR;
ms->vmemmap_end = ARM64_VMEMMAP_END;
if (machdep->flags & NEW_VMEMMAP) {
struct syment *sp;
struct kernel_range *r;
/* It is finally decided in arm64_calc_kernel_start() */
sp = kernel_symbol_search("_text");
ms->kimage_text = (sp ? sp->value : 0);
sp = kernel_symbol_search("_end");
ms->kimage_end = (sp ? sp->value : 0);
if (ms->struct_page_size && (r = arm64_get_va_range(ms))) {
/* We can get all the MODULES/VMALLOC/VMEMMAP ranges now.*/
ms->modules_vaddr = r->modules_vaddr;
ms->modules_end = r->modules_end - 1;
ms->vmalloc_start_addr = r->vmalloc_start_addr;
ms->vmalloc_end = r->vmalloc_end - 1;
ms->vmemmap_vaddr = r->vmemmap_vaddr;
ms->vmemmap_end = r->vmemmap_end - 1;
} else if (ms->VA_BITS_ACTUAL) {
ms->modules_vaddr = (st->_stext_vmlinux & TEXT_OFFSET_MASK) - ARM64_MODULES_VSIZE;
ms->modules_end = ms->modules_vaddr + ARM64_MODULES_VSIZE -1;
ms->vmalloc_start_addr = ms->modules_end + 1;
} else {
ms->modules_vaddr = ARM64_VA_START;
if (kernel_symbol_exists("kasan_init"))
ms->modules_vaddr += ARM64_KASAN_SHADOW_SIZE;
ms->modules_end = ms->modules_vaddr + ARM64_MODULES_VSIZE -1;
ms->vmalloc_start_addr = ms->modules_end + 1;
}
arm64_calc_kimage_voffset();
} else {
ms->modules_vaddr = ARM64_PAGE_OFFSET - MEGABYTES(64);
ms->modules_end = ARM64_PAGE_OFFSET - 1;
ms->vmalloc_start_addr = ARM64_VA_START;
}
switch (machdep->pagesize)
{
case 4096:
machdep->ptrs_per_pgd = PTRS_PER_PGD_L3_4K;
if ((machdep->pgd =
(char *)malloc(PTRS_PER_PGD_L3_4K * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc pgd space.");
if (machdep->machspec->VA_BITS > PGDIR_SHIFT_L4_4K) {
machdep->flags |= VM_L4_4K;
if ((machdep->pud =
(char *)malloc(PTRS_PER_PUD_L4_4K * 8))
== NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc pud space.");
} else {
machdep->flags |= VM_L3_4K;
machdep->pud = NULL; /* not used */
}
if ((machdep->pmd =
(char *)malloc(PTRS_PER_PMD_L3_4K * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc pmd space.");
if ((machdep->ptbl =
(char *)malloc(PTRS_PER_PTE_L3_4K * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc ptbl space.");
break;
case 65536:
if (kernel_symbol_exists("idmap_ptrs_per_pgd") &&
readmem(symbol_value("idmap_ptrs_per_pgd"), KVADDR,
&value, sizeof(ulong), "idmap_ptrs_per_pgd", QUIET|RETURN_ON_ERROR))
machdep->ptrs_per_pgd = value;
if (machdep->machspec->VA_BITS > PGDIR_SHIFT_L3_64K) {
machdep->flags |= VM_L3_64K;
if (!machdep->ptrs_per_pgd)
machdep->ptrs_per_pgd = PTRS_PER_PGD_L3_64K;
if ((machdep->pgd =
(char *)malloc(machdep->ptrs_per_pgd * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc pgd space.");
if ((machdep->pmd =
(char *)malloc(PTRS_PER_PMD_L3_64K * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc pmd space.");
if ((machdep->ptbl =
(char *)malloc(PTRS_PER_PTE_L3_64K * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc ptbl space.");
} else {
machdep->flags |= VM_L2_64K;
if (!machdep->ptrs_per_pgd)
machdep->ptrs_per_pgd = PTRS_PER_PGD_L2_64K;
if ((machdep->pgd =
(char *)malloc(machdep->ptrs_per_pgd * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc pgd space.");
if ((machdep->ptbl =
(char *)malloc(PTRS_PER_PTE_L2_64K * 8)) == NULL)
error(FATAL, "cannot malloc ptbl space.");
machdep->pmd = NULL; /* not used */
}
machdep->pud = NULL; /* not used */
break;
default:
if (machdep->pagesize)
error(FATAL, "invalid/unsupported page size: %d\n",
machdep->pagesize);
else
error(FATAL, "cannot determine page size\n");
}
machdep->last_pgd_read = 0;
machdep->last_pud_read = 0;
machdep->last_pmd_read = 0;
machdep->last_ptbl_read = 0;
machdep->clear_machdep_cache = arm64_clear_machdep_cache;
machdep->stacksize = ARM64_STACK_SIZE;
machdep->flags |= VMEMMAP;
machdep->uvtop = arm64_uvtop;
machdep->is_uvaddr = arm64_is_uvaddr;
machdep->eframe_search = arm64_eframe_search;
machdep->back_trace = arm64_back_trace_cmd;
machdep->in_alternate_stack = arm64_in_alternate_stack;
machdep->processor_speed = arm64_processor_speed;
machdep->get_task_pgd = arm64_get_task_pgd;
machdep->get_stack_frame = arm64_get_stack_frame;
machdep->get_stackbase = generic_get_stackbase;
machdep->get_stacktop = generic_get_stacktop;
machdep->translate_pte = arm64_translate_pte;
machdep->memory_size = generic_memory_size;
machdep->vmalloc_start = arm64_vmalloc_start;
machdep->get_kvaddr_ranges = arm64_get_kvaddr_ranges;
machdep->is_task_addr = arm64_is_task_addr;
machdep->dis_filter = arm64_dis_filter;
machdep->cmd_mach = arm64_cmd_mach;
machdep->get_smp_cpus = arm64_get_smp_cpus;
machdep->line_number_hooks = NULL;
machdep->value_to_symbol = generic_machdep_value_to_symbol;
machdep->dump_irq = generic_dump_irq;
machdep->show_interrupts = generic_show_interrupts;
machdep->get_irq_affinity = generic_get_irq_affinity;
machdep->dumpfile_init = NULL;
machdep->verify_line_number = NULL;
machdep->init_kernel_pgd = arm64_init_kernel_pgd;
/* use machdep parameters */
arm64_calc_phys_offset();
arm64_calc_physvirt_offset();
if (CRASHDEBUG(1)) {
if (machdep->flags & NEW_VMEMMAP)
fprintf(fp, "kimage_voffset: %lx\n",
machdep->machspec->kimage_voffset);
fprintf(fp, "phys_offset: %lx\n",
machdep->machspec->phys_offset);
fprintf(fp, "physvirt_offset: %lx\n", machdep->machspec->physvirt_offset);
}
break;
case POST_GDB:
/* Rely on kernel version to decide the kernel start address */
arm64_calc_kernel_start();
/* Can we get the size of struct page before POST_GDB */
ms = machdep->machspec;
if (!ms->struct_page_size)
arm64_calc_virtual_memory_ranges();
arm64_get_section_size_bits();
if (!machdep->max_physmem_bits) {
if ((string = pc->read_vmcoreinfo("NUMBER(MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS)"))) {
machdep->max_physmem_bits = atol(string);
free(string);
} else if (machdep->machspec->VA_BITS == 52) /* guess */
machdep->max_physmem_bits = _MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS_52;
else if (THIS_KERNEL_VERSION >= LINUX(3,17,0))
machdep->max_physmem_bits = _MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS_3_17;
else
machdep->max_physmem_bits = _MAX_PHYSMEM_BITS;
}
if (CRASHDEBUG(1)) {
if (ms->VA_BITS_ACTUAL) {
fprintf(fp, "CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS: %ld\n", ms->CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS);
fprintf(fp, " VA_BITS_ACTUAL: %ld\n", ms->VA_BITS_ACTUAL);
fprintf(fp, "(calculated) VA_BITS: %ld\n", ms->VA_BITS);
fprintf(fp, " PAGE_OFFSET: %lx\n", ARM64_FLIP_PAGE_OFFSET);
fprintf(fp, " VA_START: %lx\n", ms->VA_START);
fprintf(fp, " modules: %lx - %lx\n", ms->modules_vaddr, ms->modules_end);
fprintf(fp, " vmalloc: %lx - %lx\n", ms->vmalloc_start_addr, ms->vmalloc_end);
fprintf(fp, "kernel image: %lx - %lx\n", ms->kimage_text, ms->kimage_end);
fprintf(fp, " vmemmap: %lx - %lx\n\n", ms->vmemmap_vaddr, ms->vmemmap_end);
}
}
if (THIS_KERNEL_VERSION >= LINUX(5,19,0)) {
ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS = 5;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT = 3;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS) - 1);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_SHIFT = (ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS + ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS = 50;
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS) - 1);
ms->PTE_PROT_NONE = (1UL << 58);
ms->PTE_FILE = 0; /* unused */
} else if (THIS_KERNEL_VERSION >= LINUX(4,0,0)) {
ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS = 6;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT = 2;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS) - 1);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_SHIFT = (ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS + ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS = 50;
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS) - 1);
ms->PTE_PROT_NONE = (1UL << 58);
ms->PTE_FILE = 0; /* unused */
} else if (THIS_KERNEL_VERSION >= LINUX(3,13,0)) {
ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS = 6;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT = 3;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS) - 1);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_SHIFT = (ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS + ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS = 49;
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS) - 1);
ms->PTE_PROT_NONE = (1UL << 58);
ms->PTE_FILE = (1UL << 2);
} else if (THIS_KERNEL_VERSION >= LINUX(3,11,0)) {
ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS = 6;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT = 4;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS) - 1);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_SHIFT = (ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS + ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS = 0; /* unused */
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_MASK = 0; /* unused */
ms->PTE_PROT_NONE = (1UL << 2);
ms->PTE_FILE = (1UL << 3);
} else {
ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS = 6;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT = 3;
ms->__SWP_TYPE_MASK = ((1UL << ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS) - 1);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_SHIFT = (ms->__SWP_TYPE_BITS + ms->__SWP_TYPE_SHIFT);
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_BITS = 0; /* unused */
ms->__SWP_OFFSET_MASK = 0; /* unused */
ms->PTE_PROT_NONE = (1UL << 1);
ms->PTE_FILE = (1UL << 2);
}
if (symbol_exists("irq_desc"))
ARRAY_LENGTH_INIT(machdep->nr_irqs, irq_desc,
"irq_desc", NULL, 0);
else if (kernel_symbol_exists("nr_irqs"))
get_symbol_data("nr_irqs", sizeof(unsigned int),
&machdep->nr_irqs);
if (!machdep->hz)
machdep->hz = 100;
arm64_irq_stack_init();
arm64_overflow_stack_init();
arm64_stackframe_init();
break;
case POST_INIT:
/*
* crash_notes contains machine specific information about the
* crash. In particular, it contains CPU registers at the time
* of the crash. We need this information to extract correct
* backtraces from the panic task.
*/
if (!LIVE())
arm64_get_crash_notes();
break;
case LOG_ONLY:
machdep->machspec = &arm64_machine_specific;
arm64_calc_VA_BITS();
arm64_calc_KERNELPACMASK();
arm64_calc_phys_offset();
machdep->machspec->page_offset = ARM64_PAGE_OFFSET;
arm64_calc_physvirt_offset();
break;
}
}
struct kernel_va_range_handler {
unsigned long kernel_versions_start; /* include */
unsigned long kernel_versions_end; /* exclude */
struct kernel_range *(*get_range)(struct machine_specific *);
};
static struct kernel_range tmp_range;
#define _PAGE_END(va) (-(1UL << ((va) - 1)))
#define SZ_64K 0x00010000
#define SZ_2M 0x00200000
/*
* Get the max shift of the size of struct page.
* Most of the time, it is 64 bytes, but not sure.
*/
static int arm64_get_struct_page_max_shift(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
return (int)ceil(log2(ms->struct_page_size));
}
/* Return TRUE if we succeed, return FALSE on failure. */
static int arm64_get_vmcoreinfo_ul(unsigned long *vaddr, const char* label)
{
char *string = pc->read_vmcoreinfo(label);
if (!string)
return FALSE;
*vaddr = strtoul(string, NULL, 0);
free(string);
return TRUE;
}
/*
* The change is caused by the kernel patch since v5.18-rc1:
* "arm64: crash_core: Export MODULES, VMALLOC, and VMEMMAP ranges"
*/
static struct kernel_range *arm64_get_range_v5_18(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
struct kernel_range *r = &tmp_range;
/* Get the MODULES_VADDR ~ MODULES_END */
if (!arm64_get_vmcoreinfo_ul(&r->modules_vaddr, "NUMBER(MODULES_VADDR)"))
return NULL;
if (!arm64_get_vmcoreinfo_ul(&r->modules_end, "NUMBER(MODULES_END)"))
return NULL;
/* Get the VMEMMAP_START ~ VMEMMAP_END */
if (!arm64_get_vmcoreinfo_ul(&r->vmemmap_vaddr, "NUMBER(VMEMMAP_START)"))
return NULL;
if (!arm64_get_vmcoreinfo_ul(&r->vmemmap_end, "NUMBER(VMEMMAP_END)"))
return NULL;
/* Get the VMALLOC_START ~ VMALLOC_END */
if (!arm64_get_vmcoreinfo_ul(&r->vmalloc_start_addr, "NUMBER(VMALLOC_START)"))
return NULL;
if (!arm64_get_vmcoreinfo_ul(&r->vmalloc_end, "NUMBER(VMALLOC_END)"))
return NULL;
return r;
}
/*
* The change is caused by the kernel patch since v5.17-rc1:
* "b89ddf4cca43 arm64/bpf: Remove 128MB limit for BPF JIT programs"
*/
static struct kernel_range *arm64_get_range_v5_17(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
struct kernel_range *r = &tmp_range;
unsigned long v = ms->CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS;
unsigned long vmem_shift, vmemmap_size;
/* Not initialized yet */
if (v == 0)
return NULL;
if (v > 48)
v = 48;
/* Get the MODULES_VADDR ~ MODULES_END */
r->modules_vaddr = _PAGE_END(v);
r->modules_end = r->modules_vaddr + MEGABYTES(128);
/* Get the VMEMMAP_START ~ VMEMMAP_END */
vmem_shift = machdep->pageshift - arm64_get_struct_page_max_shift(ms);
vmemmap_size = (_PAGE_END(v) - PAGE_OFFSET) >> vmem_shift;
r->vmemmap_vaddr = (-(1UL << (ms->CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS - vmem_shift)));
r->vmemmap_end = r->vmemmap_vaddr + vmemmap_size;
/* Get the VMALLOC_START ~ VMALLOC_END */
r->vmalloc_start_addr = r->modules_end;
r->vmalloc_end = r->vmemmap_vaddr - MEGABYTES(256);
return r;
}
/*
* The change is caused by the kernel patch since v5.11:
* "9ad7c6d5e75b arm64: mm: tidy up top of kernel VA space"
*/
static struct kernel_range *arm64_get_range_v5_11(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
struct kernel_range *r = &tmp_range;
unsigned long v = ms->CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS;
unsigned long vmem_shift, vmemmap_size, bpf_jit_size = MEGABYTES(128);
/* Not initialized yet */
if (v == 0)
return NULL;
if (v > 48)
v = 48;
/* Get the MODULES_VADDR ~ MODULES_END */
r->modules_vaddr = _PAGE_END(v) + bpf_jit_size;
r->modules_end = r->modules_vaddr + MEGABYTES(128);
/* Get the VMEMMAP_START ~ VMEMMAP_END */
vmem_shift = machdep->pageshift - arm64_get_struct_page_max_shift(ms);
vmemmap_size = (_PAGE_END(v) - PAGE_OFFSET) >> vmem_shift;
r->vmemmap_vaddr = (-(1UL << (ms->CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS - vmem_shift)));
r->vmemmap_end = r->vmemmap_vaddr + vmemmap_size;
/* Get the VMALLOC_START ~ VMALLOC_END */
r->vmalloc_start_addr = r->modules_end;
r->vmalloc_end = r->vmemmap_vaddr - MEGABYTES(256);
return r;
}
static unsigned long arm64_get_pud_size(void)
{
unsigned long PUD_SIZE = 0;
switch (machdep->pagesize) {
case 4096:
if (machdep->machspec->VA_BITS > PGDIR_SHIFT_L4_4K) {
PUD_SIZE = PUD_SIZE_L4_4K;
} else {
PUD_SIZE = PGDIR_SIZE_L3_4K;
}
break;
case 65536:
PUD_SIZE = PGDIR_SIZE_L2_64K;
default:
break;
}
return PUD_SIZE;
}
/*
* The change is caused by the kernel patches since v5.4, such as:
* "ce3aaed87344 arm64: mm: Modify calculation of VMEMMAP_SIZE"
* "14c127c957c1 arm64: mm: Flip kernel VA space"
*/
static struct kernel_range *arm64_get_range_v5_4(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
struct kernel_range *r = &tmp_range;
unsigned long v = ms->CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS;
unsigned long kasan_shadow_shift, kasan_shadow_offset, PUD_SIZE;
unsigned long vmem_shift, vmemmap_size, bpf_jit_size = MEGABYTES(128);
char *string;
int ret;
/* Not initialized yet */
if (v == 0)
return NULL;
if (v > 48)
v = 48;
/* Get the MODULES_VADDR ~ MODULES_END */
if (kernel_symbol_exists("kasan_init")) {
/* See the arch/arm64/Makefile */
ret = get_kernel_config("CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS", NULL);
if (ret == IKCONFIG_N)
return NULL;
kasan_shadow_shift = (ret == IKCONFIG_Y) ? 4: 3;
/* See the arch/arm64/Kconfig*/
ret = get_kernel_config("CONFIG_KASAN_SHADOW_OFFSET", &string);
if (ret != IKCONFIG_STR)
return NULL;
kasan_shadow_offset = atol(string);
r->modules_vaddr = (1UL << (64 - kasan_shadow_shift)) + kasan_shadow_offset
+ bpf_jit_size;
} else {
r->modules_vaddr = _PAGE_END(v) + bpf_jit_size;
}
r->modules_end = r->modules_vaddr + MEGABYTES(128);
/* Get the VMEMMAP_START ~ VMEMMAP_END */
vmem_shift = machdep->pageshift - arm64_get_struct_page_max_shift(ms);
vmemmap_size = (_PAGE_END(v) - PAGE_OFFSET) >> vmem_shift;
r->vmemmap_vaddr = (-vmemmap_size - SZ_2M);
/*
* In the v5.7, the patch: "bbd6ec605c arm64/mm: Enable memory hot remove"
* adds the VMEMMAP_END.
*
* But before the VMEMMAP_END was added to kernel, we can also see
* the following in arch/arm64/mm/dump.c:
* { VMEMMAP_START + VMEMMAP_SIZE, "vmemmap end" },
*/
r->vmemmap_end = r->vmemmap_vaddr + vmemmap_size;
/* Get the VMALLOC_START ~ VMALLOC_END */
PUD_SIZE = arm64_get_pud_size();
r->vmalloc_start_addr = r->modules_end;
r->vmalloc_end = (-PUD_SIZE - vmemmap_size - SZ_64K);
return r;
}
/*
* The change is caused by the kernel patches since v5.0, such as:
* "91fc957c9b1d arm64/bpf: don't allocate BPF JIT programs in module memory"
*/
static struct kernel_range *arm64_get_range_v5_0(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
struct kernel_range *r = &tmp_range;
unsigned long v = ms->CONFIG_ARM64_VA_BITS;
unsigned long kasan_shadow_shift, PUD_SIZE;
unsigned long vmemmap_size, bpf_jit_size = MEGABYTES(128);
unsigned long va_start, page_offset;
int ret;
/* Not initialized yet */
if (v == 0)
return NULL;
va_start = (0xffffffffffffffffUL - (1UL << v) + 1);
page_offset = (0xffffffffffffffffUL - (1UL << (v - 1)) + 1);
/* Get the MODULES_VADDR ~ MODULES_END */
if (kernel_symbol_exists("kasan_init")) {
/* See the arch/arm64/Makefile */
ret = get_kernel_config("CONFIG_KASAN_SW_TAGS", NULL);
if (ret == IKCONFIG_N)
return NULL;
kasan_shadow_shift = (ret == IKCONFIG_Y) ? 4: 3;
r->modules_vaddr = va_start + (1UL << (v - kasan_shadow_shift)) + bpf_jit_size;
} else {
r->modules_vaddr = va_start + bpf_jit_size;
}
r->modules_end = r->modules_vaddr + MEGABYTES(128);
/* Get the VMEMMAP_START ~ VMEMMAP_END */
vmemmap_size = (1UL << (v - machdep->pageshift - 1 + arm64_get_struct_page_max_shift(ms)));
r->vmemmap_vaddr = page_offset - vmemmap_size;
r->vmemmap_end = r->vmemmap_vaddr + vmemmap_size; /* See the arch/arm64/mm/dump.c */
/* Get the VMALLOC_START ~ VMALLOC_END */
PUD_SIZE = arm64_get_pud_size();
r->vmalloc_start_addr = r->modules_end;
r->vmalloc_end = page_offset - PUD_SIZE - vmemmap_size - SZ_64K;
return r;
}
static struct kernel_va_range_handler kernel_va_range_handlers[] = {
{
LINUX(5,18,0),
LINUX(999,0,0), /* Just a boundary */
get_range: arm64_get_range_v5_18,
}, {
LINUX(5,17,0), LINUX(5,18,0),
get_range: arm64_get_range_v5_17,
}, {
LINUX(5,11,0), LINUX(5,17,0),
get_range: arm64_get_range_v5_11,
}, {
LINUX(5,4,0), LINUX(5,11,0),
get_range: arm64_get_range_v5_4,
}, {
LINUX(5,0,0), LINUX(5,4,0),
get_range: arm64_get_range_v5_0,
},
};
#define ARRAY_SIZE(a) (sizeof (a) / sizeof ((a)[0]))
static unsigned long arm64_get_kernel_version(void)
{
char *string;
if (THIS_KERNEL_VERSION)
return THIS_KERNEL_VERSION;
if ((string = pc->read_vmcoreinfo("OSRELEASE"))) {
parse_kernel_version(string);
free(string);
}
return THIS_KERNEL_VERSION;
}
/* Return NULL if we fail. */
static struct kernel_range *arm64_get_va_range(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
struct kernel_va_range_handler *h;
unsigned long kernel_version = arm64_get_kernel_version();
struct kernel_range *r = NULL;
int i;
if (!kernel_version)
goto range_failed;
for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(kernel_va_range_handlers); i++) {
h = kernel_va_range_handlers + i;
/* Get the right hook for this kernel version */
if (h->kernel_versions_start <= kernel_version &&
kernel_version < h->kernel_versions_end) {
/* Get the correct virtual address ranges */
r = h->get_range(ms);
if (!r)
goto range_failed;
return r;
}
}
range_failed:
/* Reset ms->struct_page_size to 0 for arm64_calc_virtual_memory_ranges() */
ms->struct_page_size = 0;
return NULL;
}
/* Get the size of struct page {} */
static void arm64_get_struct_page_size(struct machine_specific *ms)
{
char *string;
string = pc->read_vmcoreinfo("SIZE(page)");
if (string)
ms->struct_page_size = atol(string);
free(string);
}
/*
* Accept or reject a symbol from the kernel namelist.
*/
static int
arm64_verify_symbol(const char *name, ulong value, char type)
{
if (!name || !strlen(name))
return FALSE;
if ((type == 'A') && STREQ(name, "_kernel_flags_le"))
machdep->machspec->kernel_flags = le64toh(value);
if ((type == 'A') && STREQ(name, "_kernel_flags_le_hi32"))
machdep->machspec->kernel_flags |= ((ulong)le32toh(value) << 32);
if ((type == 'A') && STREQ(name, "_kernel_flags_le_lo32"))
machdep->machspec->kernel_flags |= le32toh(value);
if (((type == 'A') || (type == 'a')) && (highest_bit_long(value) != 63))
return FALSE;
if ((value == 0) &&
((type == 'a') || (type == 'n') || (type == 'N') || (type == 'U')))
return FALSE;
if (STREQ(name, "$d") || STRNEQ(name, "$d.") ||
STREQ(name, "$x") || STRNEQ(name, "$x.") ||
STREQ(name, "$c") || STRNEQ(name, "$c."))
return FALSE;
if ((type == 'A') && STRNEQ(name, "__crc_"))
return FALSE;
if ((type == 'N') && strstr(name, "$d"))
return FALSE;
if (!(machdep->flags & KSYMS_START) && STREQ(name, "idmap_pg_dir"))
machdep->flags |= KSYMS_START;
return TRUE;
}
void
arm64_dump_machdep_table(ulong arg)
{
const struct machine_specific *ms = machdep->machspec;
int others, i;
others = 0;
fprintf(fp, " flags: %lx (", machdep->flags);
if (machdep->flags & KSYMS_START)
fprintf(fp, "%sKSYMS_START", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & PHYS_OFFSET)
fprintf(fp, "%sPHYS_OFFSET", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & VM_L2_64K)
fprintf(fp, "%sVM_L2_64K", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & VM_L3_64K)
fprintf(fp, "%sVM_L3_64K", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & VM_L3_4K)
fprintf(fp, "%sVM_L3_4K", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & VM_L4_4K)
fprintf(fp, "%sVM_L4_4K", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & VMEMMAP)
fprintf(fp, "%sVMEMMAP", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & KDUMP_ENABLED)
fprintf(fp, "%sKDUMP_ENABLED", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & IRQ_STACKS)
fprintf(fp, "%sIRQ_STACKS", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & UNW_4_14)
fprintf(fp, "%sUNW_4_14", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & MACHDEP_BT_TEXT)
fprintf(fp, "%sMACHDEP_BT_TEXT", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & NEW_VMEMMAP)
fprintf(fp, "%sNEW_VMEMMAP", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & FLIPPED_VM)
fprintf(fp, "%sFLIPPED_VM", others++ ? "|" : "");
if (machdep->flags & HAS_PHYSVIRT_OFFSET)
fprintf(fp, "%sHAS_PHYSVIRT_OFFSET", others++ ? "|" : "");
fprintf(fp, ")\n");
fprintf(fp, " kvbase: %lx\n", machdep->kvbase);
fprintf(fp, " identity_map_base: %lx\n", machdep->identity_map_base);
fprintf(fp, " pagesize: %d\n", machdep->pagesize);
fprintf(fp, " pageshift: %d\n", machdep->pageshift);
fprintf(fp, " pagemask: %lx\n", (ulong)machdep->pagemask);
fprintf(fp, " pageoffset: %lx\n", machdep->pageoffset);
fprintf(fp, " stacksize: %ld\n", machdep->stacksize);
fprintf(fp, " hz: %d\n", machdep->hz);
fprintf(fp, " mhz: %ld\n", machdep->mhz);
fprintf(fp, " memsize: %lld (0x%llx)\n",
(ulonglong)machdep->memsize, (ulonglong)machdep->memsize);
fprintf(fp, " bits: %d\n", machdep->bits);
fprintf(fp, " nr_irqs: %d\n", machdep->nr_irqs);
fprintf(fp, " eframe_search: arm64_eframe_search()\n");
fprintf(fp, " back_trace: arm64_back_trace_cmd() (default: %s method)\n",
kt->flags & USE_OPT_BT ? "optional" : "original");
fprintf(fp, " in_alternate_stack: arm64_in_alternate_stack()\n");
fprintf(fp, " processor_speed: arm64_processor_speed()\n");
fprintf(fp, " uvtop: arm64_uvtop()->%s()\n",
machdep->flags & VM_L3_4K ?
"arm64_vtop_3level_4k" :