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locale.c
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locale.c
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/* locale.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,
* 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
*
* You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
* License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
*
*/
/*
* A Elbereth Gilthoniel,
* silivren penna míriel
* o menel aglar elenath!
* Na-chaered palan-díriel
* o galadhremmin ennorath,
* Fanuilos, le linnathon
* nef aear, si nef aearon!
*
* [p.238 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"]
*/
/* utility functions for handling locale-specific stuff like what
* character represents the decimal point.
*
* All C programs have an underlying locale. Perl code generally doesn't pay
* any attention to it except within the scope of a 'use locale'. For most
* categories, it accomplishes this by just using different operations if it is
* in such scope than if not. However, various libc functions called by Perl
* are affected by the LC_NUMERIC category, so there are macros in perl.h that
* are used to toggle between the current locale and the C locale depending on
* the desired behavior of those functions at the moment. And, LC_MESSAGES is
* switched to the C locale for outputting the message unless within the scope
* of 'use locale'.
*
* This code now has multi-thread-safe locale handling on systems that support
* that. This is completely transparent to most XS code. On earlier systems,
* it would be possible to emulate thread-safe locales, but this likely would
* involve a lot of locale switching, and would require XS code changes.
* Macros could be written so that the code wouldn't have to know which type of
* system is being used.
*
* Table-driven code is used for simplicity and clarity, as many operations
* differ only in which category is being worked on. However the system
* categories need not be small contiguous integers, so do not lend themselves
* to table lookup. Instead we have created our own equivalent values which
* are all small contiguous non-negative integers, and translation functions
* between the two sets. For category 'LC_foo', the name of our index is
* LC_foo_INDEX_. Various parallel tables, indexed by these, are used.
*
* Many of the macros and functions in this file have one of the suffixes '_c',
* '_r', or '_i'. khw found these useful in remembering what type of locale
* category to use as their parameter. '_r' takes an int category number as
* passed to setlocale(), like LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, etc. The 'r' indicates that
* the value isn't known until runtime. '_c' also indicates such a category
* number, but its value is known at compile time. These are both converted
* into unsigned indexes into various tables of category information, where the
* real work is generally done. The tables are generated at compile-time based
* on platform characteristics and Configure options. They hide from the code
* many of the vagaries of the different locale implementations out there. You
* may have already guessed that '_i' indicates the parameter is such an
* unsigned index. Converting from '_r' to '_i' requires run-time lookup.
* '_c' is used to get cpp to do this at compile time. To avoid the runtime
* expense, the code is structured to use '_r' at the API level, and once
* converted, everything possible is done using the table indexes.
*
* On unthreaded perls, most operations expand out to just the basic
* setlocale() calls. The same is true on threaded perls on modern Windows
* systems where the same API, after set up, is used for thread-safe locale
* handling. On other systems, there is a completely different API, specified
* in POSIX 2008, to do thread-safe locales. On these systems, our
* emulate_setlocale_i() function is used to hide the different API from the
* outside. This makes it completely transparent to most XS code.
*
* A huge complicating factor is that the LC_NUMERIC category is normally held
* in the C locale, except during those relatively rare times when it needs to
* be in the underlying locale. There is a bunch of code to accomplish this,
* and to allow easy switches from one state to the other.
*
* z/OS (os390) is an outlier. Locales really don't work under threads when
* either the radix character isn't a dot, or attempts are made to change
* locales after the first thread is created. The reason is that IBM has made
* it thread-safe by refusing to change locales (returning failure if
* attempted) any time after an application has called pthread_create() to
* create another thread. The expectation is that an application will set up
* its locale information before the first fork, and be stable thereafter. But
* perl toggles LC_NUMERIC if the locale's radix character isn't a dot, as do
* the other toggles, which are less common.
*/
/* If the environment says to, we can output debugging information during
* initialization. This is done before option parsing, and before any thread
* creation, so can be a file-level static. (Must come before #including
* perl.h) */
#ifdef DEBUGGING
static int debug_initialization = 0;
# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v) (debug_initialization = v)
# define DEBUG_LOCALE_INITIALIZATION_ debug_initialization
#else
# define debug_initialization 0
# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v)
#endif
#include "EXTERN.h"
#define PERL_IN_LOCALE_C
#include "perl_langinfo.h"
#include "perl.h"
#include "reentr.h"
#ifdef I_WCHAR
# include <wchar.h>
#endif
#ifdef I_WCTYPE
# include <wctype.h>
#endif
/* Returns the Unix errno portion; ignoring any others. This is a macro here
* instead of putting it into perl.h, because unclear to khw what should be
* done generally. */
#define GET_ERRNO saved_errno
/* strlen() of a literal string constant. We might want this more general,
* but using it in just this file for now. A problem with more generality is
* the compiler warnings about comparing unlike signs */
#define STRLENs(s) (sizeof("" s "") - 1)
/* Is the C string input 'name' "C" or "POSIX"? If so, and 'name' is the
* return of setlocale(), then this is extremely likely to be the C or POSIX
* locale. However, the output of setlocale() is documented to be opaque, but
* the odds are extremely small that it would return these two strings for some
* other locale. Note that VMS in these two locales includes many non-ASCII
* characters as controls and punctuation (below are hex bytes):
* cntrl: 84-97 9B-9F
* punct: A1-A3 A5 A7-AB B0-B3 B5-B7 B9-BD BF-CF D1-DD DF-EF F1-FD
* Oddly, none there are listed as alphas, though some represent alphabetics
* http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2013/02/msg198753.html */
#define isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(name) \
( (name) != NULL \
&& (( *(name) == 'C' && (*(name + 1)) == '\0') \
|| strEQ((name), "POSIX")))
#ifdef USE_LOCALE
/* This code keeps a LRU cache of the UTF-8ness of the locales it has so-far
* looked up. This is in the form of a C string: */
# define UTF8NESS_SEP "\v"
# define UTF8NESS_PREFIX "\f"
/* So, the string looks like:
*
* \vC\a0\vPOSIX\a0\vam_ET\a0\vaf_ZA.utf8\a1\ven_US.UTF-8\a1\0
*
* where the digit 0 after the \a indicates that the locale starting just
* after the preceding \v is not UTF-8, and the digit 1 mean it is. */
STATIC_ASSERT_DECL(STRLENs(UTF8NESS_SEP) == 1);
STATIC_ASSERT_DECL(STRLENs(UTF8NESS_PREFIX) == 1);
# define C_and_POSIX_utf8ness UTF8NESS_SEP "C" UTF8NESS_PREFIX "0" \
UTF8NESS_SEP "POSIX" UTF8NESS_PREFIX "0"
/* The cache is initialized to C_and_POSIX_utf8ness at start up. These are
* kept there always. The remining portion of the cache is LRU, with the
* oldest looked-up locale at the tail end */
# ifdef DEBUGGING
# define setlocale_debug_string_c(category, locale, result) \
setlocale_debug_string_i(category##_INDEX_, locale, result)
# define setlocale_debug_string_r(category, locale, result) \
setlocale_debug_string_i(get_category_index(category, locale), \
locale, result)
# endif
/* Two parallel arrays indexed by our mapping of category numbers into small
* non-negative indexes; first the locale categories Perl uses on this system,
* used to do the inverse mapping. The second array is their names. These
* arrays are in mostly arbitrary order. */
STATIC const int categories[] = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
LC_NUMERIC,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
LC_CTYPE,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
LC_COLLATE,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
LC_TIME,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
LC_MESSAGES,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
LC_MONETARY,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
LC_ADDRESS,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
LC_IDENTIFICATION,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
LC_MEASUREMENT,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
LC_PAPER,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
LC_TELEPHONE,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
LC_SYNTAX,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
LC_TOD,
# endif
# ifdef LC_ALL
LC_ALL,
# endif
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
-1
};
/* The top-most real element is LC_ALL */
STATIC const char * const category_names[] = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
"LC_NUMERIC",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
"LC_CTYPE",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
"LC_COLLATE",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
"LC_TIME",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
"LC_MESSAGES",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
"LC_MONETARY",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
"LC_ADDRESS",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
"LC_IDENTIFICATION",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
"LC_MEASUREMENT",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
"LC_PAPER",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
"LC_TELEPHONE",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
"LC_SYNTAX",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
"LC_TOD",
# endif
# ifdef LC_ALL
"LC_ALL",
# endif
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
NULL
};
/* A few categories require additional setup when they are changed. This table
* points to the functions that do that setup */
STATIC void (*update_functions[]) (pTHX_ const char *) = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
S_new_numeric,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
S_new_ctype,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
S_new_collate,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
NULL,
# endif
/* No harm done to have this even without an LC_ALL */
S_new_LC_ALL,
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
NULL
};
# ifdef LC_ALL
/* On systems with LC_ALL, it is kept in the highest index position. (-2
* to account for the final unused placeholder element.) */
# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 2)
# else
/* On systems without LC_ALL, we pretend it is there, one beyond the real
* top element, hence in the unused placeholder element. */
# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 1)
# endif
/* Pretending there is an LC_ALL element just above allows us to avoid most
* special cases. Most loops through these arrays in the code below are
* written like 'for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++)'. They will work
* on either type of system. But the code must be written to not access the
* element at 'LC_ALL_INDEX_' except on platforms that have it. This can be
* checked for at compile time by using the #define LC_ALL_INDEX_ which is only
* defined if we do have LC_ALL. */
STATIC unsigned int
S_get_category_index(const int category, const char * locale)
{
/* Given a category, return the equivalent internal index we generally use
* instead.
*
* 'locale' is for use in any generated diagnostics, and may be NULL
*
* Some sort of hash could be used instead of this loop, but the number of
* elements is so far at most 12 */
unsigned int i;
const char * conditional_warn_text = "; can't set it to ";
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_CATEGORY_INDEX;
# ifdef LC_ALL
for (i = 0; i <= LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++)
# else
for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++)
# endif
{
if (category == categories[i]) {
dTHX_DEBUGGING;
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: index of category %d (%s) is %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, category, category_names[i], i));
return i;
}
}
/* Here, we don't know about this category, so can't handle it. */
if (! locale) {
locale = "";
conditional_warn_text = "";
}
/* diag_listed_as: Unknown locale category %d; can't set it to %s */
Perl_warner_nocontext(packWARN(WARN_LOCALE),
"Unknown locale category %d%s%s",
category, conditional_warn_text, locale);
# ifdef EINVAL
SETERRNO(EINVAL, LIB_INVARG);
# endif
/* Return an out-of-bounds value */
return NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX + 1;
}
STATIC const char *
S_category_name(const int category)
{
unsigned int index;
index = get_category_index(category, NULL);
if (index <= NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX) {
return category_names[index];
}
return Perl_form_nocontext("%d (unknown)", category);
}
#endif /* ifdef USE_LOCALE */
#ifdef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
STATIC locale_t
S_use_curlocale_scratch(pTHX)
{
/* This function is used to hide from the caller the case where the current
* locale_t object in POSIX 2008 is the global one, which is illegal in
* many of the P2008 API calls. This checks for that and, if necessary
* creates a proper P2008 object. Any prior object is deleted, as is any
* remaining object during global destruction. */
locale_t cur = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
if (cur != LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE) {
return cur;
}
if (PL_scratch_locale_obj) {
freelocale(PL_scratch_locale_obj);
}
PL_scratch_locale_obj = duplocale(LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE);
return PL_scratch_locale_obj;
}
#endif
#define setlocale_failure_panic_c( \
cat, current, failed, caller_0_line, caller_1_line) \
setlocale_failure_panic_i(cat##_INDEX_, current, failed, \
caller_0_line, caller_1_line)
/* porcelain_setlocale() presents a consistent POSIX-compliant interface to
* setlocale(). Windows requres a customized base-level setlocale() */
#ifdef WIN32
# define porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale) win32_setlocale(cat, locale)
#else
# define porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale) \
((const char *) setlocale(cat, locale))
#endif
/* The next layer up is to catch vagaries and bugs in the libc setlocale return
* value */
#ifdef stdize_locale
# define stdized_setlocale(cat, locale) \
stdize_locale(cat, porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale), \
&PL_stdize_locale_buf, &PL_stdize_locale_bufsize)
#else
# define stdized_setlocale(cat, locale) porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale)
#endif
/* The next many lines form a layer above the close-to-the-metal 'porcelain'
* and 'stdized' macros. They are used to present a uniform API to the rest of
* the code in this file in spite of the disparate underlying implementations.
* */
#ifndef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
/* For non-threaded perls (which we are not to use the POSIX 2008 API on), or a
* thread-safe Windows one in which threading is invisible to us, the added
* layer just calls the base-level functions. See the introductory comments in
* this file for the meaning of the suffixes '_c', '_r', '_i'. */
# define setlocale_r(cat, locale) stdized_setlocale(cat, locale)
# define setlocale_i(i, locale) setlocale_r(categories[i], locale)
# define setlocale_c(cat, locale) setlocale_r(cat, locale)
# define void_setlocale_i(i, locale) \
STMT_START { \
if (! porcelain_setlocale(categories[i], locale)) { \
setlocale_failure_panic_i(i, NULL, locale, __LINE__, 0); \
NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */ \
} \
} STMT_END
# define void_setlocale_c(cat, locale) \
void_setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define void_setlocale_r(cat, locale) \
void_setlocale_i(get_category_index(cat, locale), locale)
# define bool_setlocale_r(cat, locale) \
cBOOL(porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale))
# define bool_setlocale_i(i, locale) \
bool_setlocale_c(categories[i], locale)
# define bool_setlocale_c(cat, locale) bool_setlocale_r(cat, locale)
# define querylocale_r(cat) setlocale_r(cat, NULL)
# define querylocale_c(cat) querylocale_r(cat)
# define querylocale_i(i) querylocale_c(categories[i])
#else /* Below uses POSIX 2008 */
/* Here, there is a completely different API to get thread-safe locales. We
* emulate the setlocale() API with our own function(s). setlocale categories,
* like LC_NUMERIC, are not valid here for the POSIX 2008 API. Instead, there
* are equivalents, like LC_NUMERIC_MASK, which we use instead, converting to
* by using get_category_index() followed by table lookup. */
# define emulate_setlocale_c(cat, locale, recalc_LC_ALL, line) \
emulate_setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale, recalc_LC_ALL, line)
/* A wrapper for the macros below. TRUE => do recalculate LC_ALL */
# define common_emulate_setlocale(i, locale) \
emulate_setlocale_i(i, locale, TRUE, __LINE__)
# define setlocale_i(i, locale) common_emulate_setlocale(i, locale)
# define setlocale_c(cat, locale) setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define setlocale_r(cat, locale) \
setlocale_i(get_category_index(cat, locale), locale)
# define void_setlocale_i(i, locale) ((void) setlocale_i(i, locale))
# define void_setlocale_c(cat, locale) \
void_setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define void_setlocale_r(cat, locale) ((void) setlocale_r(cat, locale))
# define bool_setlocale_i(i, locale) cBOOL(setlocale_i(i, locale))
# define bool_setlocale_c(cat, locale) \
bool_setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define bool_setlocale_r(cat, locale) cBOOL(setlocale_r(cat, locale))
# define querylocale_i(i) my_querylocale_i(i)
# define querylocale_c(cat) querylocale_i(cat##_INDEX_)
# define querylocale_r(cat) querylocale_i(get_category_index(cat,NULL))
# ifndef USE_QUERYLOCALE
# define USE_PL_CURLOCALES
# else
# define isSINGLE_BIT_SET(mask) isPOWER_OF_2(mask)
/* This code used to think querylocale() was valid on LC_ALL. Make sure
* all instances of that have been removed */
# define QUERYLOCALE_ASSERT(index) \
__ASSERT_(isSINGLE_BIT_SET(category_masks[index]))
# if ! defined(HAS_QUERYLOCALE) && defined(_NL_LOCALE_NAME)
# define querylocale_l(index, locale_obj) \
(QUERYLOCALE_ASSERT(index) \
nl_langinfo_l(_NL_LOCALE_NAME(categories[index]), locale_obj))
# else
# define querylocale_l(index, locale_obj) \
(QUERYLOCALE_ASSERT(index) \
querylocale(category_masks[index], locale_obj))
# endif
# endif
# if defined(__GLIBC__) && defined(USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES)
# define HAS_GLIBC_LC_MESSAGES_BUG
# include <libintl.h>
# endif
/* A fourth array, parallel to the ones above to map from category to its
* equivalent mask */
STATIC const int category_masks[] = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
LC_NUMERIC_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
LC_CTYPE_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
LC_COLLATE_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
LC_TIME_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
LC_MESSAGES_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
LC_MONETARY_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
LC_ADDRESS_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
LC_IDENTIFICATION_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
LC_MEASUREMENT_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
LC_PAPER_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
LC_TELEPHONE_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
LC_SYNTAX_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
LC_TOD_MASK,
# endif
/* LC_ALL can't be turned off by a Configure
* option, and in Posix 2008, should always be
* here, so compile it in unconditionally.
* This could catch some glitches at compile
* time */
LC_ALL_MASK,
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
0
};
# define my_querylocale_c(cat) my_querylocale_i(cat##_INDEX_)
STATIC const char *
S_my_querylocale_i(pTHX_ const unsigned int index)
{
/* This function returns the name of the locale category given by the input
* index into our parallel tables of them.
*
* POSIX 2008, for some sick reason, chose not to provide a method to find
* the category name of a locale, discarding a basic linguistic tenet that
* for any object, people will create a name for it. Some vendors have
* created a querylocale() function to do just that. This function is a
* lot simpler to implement on systems that have this. Otherwise, we have
* to keep track of what the locale has been set to, so that we can return
* its name so as to emulate setlocale(). It's also possible for C code in
* some library to change the locale without us knowing it, though as of
* September 2017, there are no occurrences in CPAN of uselocale(). Some
* libraries do use setlocale(), but that changes the global locale, and
* threads using per-thread locales will just ignore those changes. */
int category;
const locale_t cur_obj = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
const char * retval;
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_QUERYLOCALE_I;
assert(index <= NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX);
category = categories[index];
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: my_querylocale_i(%s) on %p\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, category_names[index], cur_obj));
if (cur_obj == LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE) {
retval = porcelain_setlocale(category, NULL);
}
else {
# ifdef USE_QUERYLOCALE
/* We don't currently keep records when there is querylocale(), so have
* to get it anew each time */
retval = (index == LC_ALL_INDEX_)
? calculate_LC_ALL(cur_obj)
: querylocale_l(index, cur_obj);
# else
/* But we do have up-to-date values when we keep our own records */
retval = PL_curlocales[index];
# endif
}
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: my_querylocale_i(%s) returning '%s'\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, category_names[index], retval));
return retval;
}
# define LOOPING -1 /* Special value for 'recalc_LC_ALL' parameter below */
# ifdef USE_PL_CURLOCALES
STATIC const char *
S_update_PL_curlocales_i(pTHX_
const unsigned int index,
const char * new_locale,
/* 0 => skip recalculating LC_ALL;
* 1 => do recalculate LC_ALL
* LOOPING => this call is part of a loop that goes
* through all categories by index-order.
* Recalculate only on the final iteration,
* after all values are known */
int recalc_LC_ALL)
{
/* This is a helper function for emulate_setlocale_i(), mostly used to
* make that function easier to read. */
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_UPDATE_PL_CURLOCALES_I;
assert(index <= NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX);
if (index == LC_ALL_INDEX_) {
unsigned int i;
/* For LC_ALL, we change all individual categories to correspond */
/* PL_curlocales is a parallel array, so has same
* length as 'categories' */
for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++) {
Safefree(PL_curlocales[i]);
PL_curlocales[i] = savepv(new_locale);
}
recalc_LC_ALL = TRUE;
}
else {
/* Update the single category's record */
Safefree(PL_curlocales[index]);
PL_curlocales[index] = savepv(new_locale);
if (recalc_LC_ALL == LOOPING) {
recalc_LC_ALL = (index == NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX - 1);
}
}
if (recalc_LC_ALL) { /* And recalculate LC_ALL */
Safefree(PL_curlocales[LC_ALL_INDEX_]);
PL_curlocales[LC_ALL_INDEX_] =
savepv(calculate_LC_ALL(PL_curlocales));
}
return PL_curlocales[index];
}
STATIC const char *
S_setlocale_from_aggregate_LC_ALL(pTHX_ const char * locale, const line_t line)
{
/* This function parses the value of the LC_ALL locale, assuming glibc
* syntax, and sets each individual category on the system to the proper
* value.
*
* This is likely to only ever be called from one place, so exists to make
* the calling function easier to read by moving this ancillary code out of
* the main line.
*
* The locale for each category is independent of the other categories.
* Often, they are all the same, but certainly not always. Perl, in fact,
* usually keeps LC_NUMERIC in the C locale, regardless of the underlying
* locale. LC_ALL has to be able to represent the case of when there are
* varying locales. Platforms have differing ways of representing this.
* Because of this, the code in this file goes to lengths to avoid the
* issue, generally looping over the component categories instead of
* referring to them in the aggregate, wherever possible. However, there
* are cases where we have to parse our own constructed aggregates, which use
* the glibc syntax. */
unsigned int i;
const char * s = locale;
const char * e = locale + strlen(locale);
const char * p = s;
const char * category_end;
const char * name_start;
const char * name_end;
const char * locale_on_entry = savepv(querylocale_c(LC_ALL));
const char * retval;
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_SETLOCALE_FROM_AGGREGATE_LC_ALL;
/* If the string that gives what to set doesn't include all categories,
* the omitted ones get set to "C". To get this behavior, first set
* all the individual categories to "C", and override the furnished
* ones below. FALSE => No need to recalculate LC_ALL, as this is a
* temporary state */
if (! emulate_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, "C", FALSE, line)) {
setlocale_failure_panic_c(LC_ALL, locale_on_entry,
"C", __LINE__, line);
NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
}
while (s < e) {
/* Parse through the category */
while (isWORDCHAR(*p)) {
p++;
}
category_end = p;
if (*p++ != '=') {
Perl_croak(aTHX_
"panic: %s: %d: Unexpected character in locale name '%02X",
__FILE__, __LINE__, *(p-1));
}
/* Parse through the locale name */
name_start = p;
while (p < e && *p != ';') {
if (! isGRAPH(*p)) {
Perl_croak(aTHX_
"panic: %s: %d: Unexpected character in locale name '%02X",
__FILE__, __LINE__, *(p-1));
}
p++;
}
name_end = p;
/* Space past the semi-colon */
if (p < e) {
p++;
}
/* Find the index of the category name in our lists */
for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++) {
char * individ_locale;
/* Keep going if this isn't the index. The strnNE() avoids a
* Perl_form(), but would fail if ever a category name could be
* a substring of another one, like if there were a
* "LC_TIME_DATE" */
if strnNE(s, category_names[i], category_end - s) {
continue;
}
individ_locale = Perl_form(aTHX_ "%.*s",
(int) (name_end - name_start), name_start);
/* FALSE => Don't recalculate LC_ALL; we'll do it ourselves after
* the loop */
if (! emulate_setlocale_i(i, individ_locale, FALSE, line)) {
/* But if we have to back out, do fix up LC_ALL */
if (! emulate_setlocale_c(LC_ALL, locale_on_entry, TRUE, line))
{
Safefree(locale_on_entry);
setlocale_failure_panic_i(i, individ_locale,
locale, __LINE__, line);
NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */
}
Safefree(locale_on_entry);
return NULL;
}
/* Found and handled the desired category */
break;
}
s = p;
}
/* Here we have set all the individual categories by recursive calls;
* update the LC_ALL entry as well. We can't just use the input 'locale'
* as the value may omit categories whose locale is 'C'. khw thinks it's
* better to store a complete LC_ALL. So calculate it. */
retval = savepv(calculate_LC_ALL(PL_curlocales));
Safefree(PL_curlocales[LC_ALL_INDEX_]);
PL_curlocales[LC_ALL_INDEX_] = retval;
Safefree(locale_on_entry);
return retval;
}
STATIC const char *
S_find_locale_from_environment(pTHX_ const unsigned int index)
{
/* On systems without querylocale(), it is problematic getting the results
* of the POSIX 2008 equivalent of setlocale(category, "") (which gets the
* locale from the environment).
*
* To ensure that we know exactly what those values are, we do the setting
* ourselves, using the documented algorithm (assuming the documentation is
* correct) rather than use "" as the locale. This will lead to results
* that differ from native behavior if the native behavior differs from the
* standard documented value, but khw believes it is better to know what's
* going on, even if different from native, than to just guess.
*
* Another option would be, in a critical section, to save the global
* locale's current value, and do a straight setlocale(LC_ALL, ""). That
* would return our desired values, destroying the global locale's, which
* we would then restore. But that could cause races with any other thread
* that is using the global locale and isn't using the mutex. And, the
* only reason someone would have done that is because they are calling a
* library function, like in gtk, that calls setlocale(), and which can't
* be changed to use the mutex. That wouldn't be a problem if this were to
* be done before any threads had switched, say during perl construction
* time. But this code would still be needed for the general case. */
const char * default_name;
unsigned int i;
const char * locale_names[LC_ALL_INDEX_];
/* We rely on PerlEnv_getenv() returning a mortalized copy */
const char * const lc_all = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL");
/* Use any "LC_ALL" environment variable, as it overrides everything
* else. */
if (lc_all && strNE(lc_all, "")) {
return lc_all;
}
/* Otherwise, we need to dig deeper. Unless overridden, the default is
* the LANG environment variable; "C" if it doesn't exist. */
default_name = PerlEnv_getenv("LANG");
if (! default_name || strEQ(default_name, "")) {
default_name = "C";
}
/* If setting an individual category, use its corresponding value found in
* the environment, if any; otherwise use the default we already
* calculated. */
if (index != LC_ALL_INDEX_) {
const char * const new_value = PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[index]);
return (new_value && strNE(new_value, ""))
? new_value
: default_name;
}
/* Here, we are getting LC_ALL. Any categories that don't have a
* corresponding environment variable set should be set to 'default_name'
*
* Simply find the values for all categories, and call the function to
* compute LC_ALL. */
for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++) {
const char * const env_override = PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i]);
locale_names[i] = (env_override && strNE(env_override, ""))
? env_override
: default_name;
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: find_locale_from_environment i=%d, name=%s, locale=%s\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, i, category_names[i], locale_names[i]));
}
return calculate_LC_ALL(locale_names);
}
# endif /* Need PL_curlocales[] */
STATIC const char *
S_emulate_setlocale_i(pTHX_
const unsigned int index,
const char * new_locale,
const int recalc_LC_ALL,
const line_t line)
{
/* This function effectively performs a setlocale() on just the current
* thread; thus it is thread-safe. It does this by using the POSIX 2008
* locale functions to emulate the behavior of setlocale(). Similar to
* regular setlocale(), the return from this function points to memory that
* can be overwritten by other system calls, so needs to be copied
* immediately if you need to retain it. The difference here is that
* system calls besides another setlocale() can overwrite it.
*
* By doing this, most locale-sensitive functions become thread-safe. The
* exceptions are mostly those that return a pointer to static memory.
*
* This function takes our internal index of the 'category' setlocale is
* called with, and the 'new_locale' to set the category to. It uses the
* index to find the category mask that the POSIX 2008 functions use.
*
* The function can be called recursively on all the individual categories,
* when the outer call is for LC_ALL. It would be unnecessary work to
* recalculate LC_ALL in the middle of all this; so the 'recalc_LC_ALL'
* parameter is set to LOOPING in this circumstance, to indicate to
* recalculate only on the final category; 0 to indicate to not recalculate
* at all; and 1 to indicate to do so unconditionally */
int mask;
locale_t old_obj;
locale_t new_obj;
const char * old_messages_locale = NULL;
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_EMULATE_SETLOCALE_I;
assert(index <= NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX);
mask = category_masks[index];
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i input=%d (%s), mask=0x%x, \"%s\", cat=%d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, index, category_names[index], mask,
new_locale, categories[index]));
/* If just querying what the existing locale is ... */
if (new_locale == NULL) {
return my_querylocale_i(index);
}
# ifndef USE_QUERYLOCALE
if (strEQ(new_locale, "")) {
new_locale = find_locale_from_environment(index);
}
if (strchr(new_locale, ';')) {
return setlocale_from_aggregate_LC_ALL(new_locale, line);
}