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locale.c
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locale.c
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/* locale.c
*
* Copyright (C) 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001,
* 2002, 2003, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008 by Larry Wall and others
*
* You may distribute under the terms of either the GNU General Public
* License or the Artistic License, as specified in the README file.
*
*/
/*
* A Elbereth Gilthoniel,
* silivren penna míriel
* o menel aglar elenath!
* Na-chaered palan-díriel
* o galadhremmin ennorath,
* Fanuilos, le linnathon
* nef aear, si nef aearon!
*
* [p.238 of _The Lord of the Rings_, II/i: "Many Meetings"]
*/
/* utility functions for handling locale-specific stuff like what
* character represents the decimal point.
*
* All C programs have an underlying locale. Perl code generally doesn't pay
* any attention to it except within the scope of a 'use locale'. For most
* categories, it accomplishes this by just using different operations if it is
* in such scope than if not. However, various libc functions called by Perl
* are affected by the LC_NUMERIC category, so there are macros in perl.h that
* are used to toggle between the current locale and the C locale depending on
* the desired behavior of those functions at the moment. And, LC_MESSAGES is
* switched to the C locale for outputting the message unless within the scope
* of 'use locale'.
*
* This code now has multi-thread-safe locale handling on systems that support
* that. This is completely transparent to most XS code. On earlier systems,
* it would be possible to emulate thread-safe locales, but this likely would
* involve a lot of locale switching, and would require XS code changes.
* Macros could be written so that the code wouldn't have to know which type of
* system is being used.
*
* Table-driven code is used for simplicity and clarity, as many operations
* differ only in which category is being worked on. However the system
* categories need not be small contiguous integers, so do not lend themselves
* to table lookup. Instead we have created our own equivalent values which
* are all small contiguous non-negative integers, and translation functions
* between the two sets. For category 'LC_foo', the name of our index is
* LC_foo_INDEX_. Various parallel tables, indexed by these, are used.
*
* Many of the macros and functions in this file have one of the suffixes '_c',
* '_r', or '_i'. khw found these useful in remembering what type of locale
* category to use as their parameter. '_r' takes an int category number as
* passed to setlocale(), like LC_ALL, LC_CTYPE, etc. The 'r' indicates that
* the value isn't known until runtime. '_c' also indicates such a category
* number, but its value is known at compile time. These are both converted
* into unsigned indexes into various tables of category information, where the
* real work is generally done. The tables are generated at compile-time based
* on platform characteristics and Configure options. They hide from the code
* many of the vagaries of the different locale implementations out there. You
* may have already guessed that '_i' indicates the parameter is such an
* unsigned index. Converting from '_r' to '_i' requires run-time lookup.
* '_c' is used to get cpp to do this at compile time. To avoid the runtime
* expense, the code is structured to use '_r' at the API level, and once
* converted, everything possible is done using the table indexes.
*
* On unthreaded perls, most operations expand out to just the basic
* setlocale() calls. The same is true on threaded perls on modern Windows
* systems where the same API, after set up, is used for thread-safe locale
* handling. On other systems, there is a completely different API, specified
* in POSIX 2008, to do thread-safe locales. On these systems, our
* emulate_setlocale_i() function is used to hide the different API from the
* outside. This makes it completely transparent to most XS code.
*
* A huge complicating factor is that the LC_NUMERIC category is normally held
* in the C locale, except during those relatively rare times when it needs to
* be in the underlying locale. There is a bunch of code to accomplish this,
* and to allow easy switches from one state to the other.
*
* z/OS (os390) is an outlier. Locales really don't work under threads when
* either the radix character isn't a dot, or attempts are made to change
* locales after the first thread is created. The reason is that IBM has made
* it thread-safe by refusing to change locales (returning failure if
* attempted) any time after an application has called pthread_create() to
* create another thread. The expectation is that an application will set up
* its locale information before the first fork, and be stable thereafter. But
* perl toggles LC_NUMERIC if the locale's radix character isn't a dot, as do
* the other toggles, which are less common.
*/
/* If the environment says to, we can output debugging information during
* initialization. This is done before option parsing, and before any thread
* creation, so can be a file-level static. (Must come before #including
* perl.h) */
#ifdef DEBUGGING
static int debug_initialization = 0;
# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v) (debug_initialization = v)
# define DEBUG_LOCALE_INITIALIZATION_ debug_initialization
#else
# define debug_initialization 0
# define DEBUG_INITIALIZATION_set(v)
#endif
#include "EXTERN.h"
#define PERL_IN_LOCALE_C
#include "perl_langinfo.h"
#include "perl.h"
#include "reentr.h"
#ifdef I_WCHAR
# include <wchar.h>
#endif
#ifdef I_WCTYPE
# include <wctype.h>
#endif
/* Returns the Unix errno portion; ignoring any others. This is a macro here
* instead of putting it into perl.h, because unclear to khw what should be
* done generally. */
#define GET_ERRNO saved_errno
/* strlen() of a literal string constant. We might want this more general,
* but using it in just this file for now. A problem with more generality is
* the compiler warnings about comparing unlike signs */
#define STRLENs(s) (sizeof("" s "") - 1)
/* Is the C string input 'name' "C" or "POSIX"? If so, and 'name' is the
* return of setlocale(), then this is extremely likely to be the C or POSIX
* locale. However, the output of setlocale() is documented to be opaque, but
* the odds are extremely small that it would return these two strings for some
* other locale. Note that VMS in these two locales includes many non-ASCII
* characters as controls and punctuation (below are hex bytes):
* cntrl: 84-97 9B-9F
* punct: A1-A3 A5 A7-AB B0-B3 B5-B7 B9-BD BF-CF D1-DD DF-EF F1-FD
* Oddly, none there are listed as alphas, though some represent alphabetics
* http://www.nntp.perl.org/group/perl.perl5.porters/2013/02/msg198753.html */
#define isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(name) \
( (name) != NULL \
&& (( *(name) == 'C' && (*(name + 1)) == '\0') \
|| strEQ((name), "POSIX")))
#ifdef USE_LOCALE
/* This code keeps a LRU cache of the UTF-8ness of the locales it has so-far
* looked up. This is in the form of a C string: */
# define UTF8NESS_SEP "\v"
# define UTF8NESS_PREFIX "\f"
/* So, the string looks like:
*
* \vC\a0\vPOSIX\a0\vam_ET\a0\vaf_ZA.utf8\a1\ven_US.UTF-8\a1\0
*
* where the digit 0 after the \a indicates that the locale starting just
* after the preceding \v is not UTF-8, and the digit 1 mean it is. */
STATIC_ASSERT_DECL(STRLENs(UTF8NESS_SEP) == 1);
STATIC_ASSERT_DECL(STRLENs(UTF8NESS_PREFIX) == 1);
# define C_and_POSIX_utf8ness UTF8NESS_SEP "C" UTF8NESS_PREFIX "0" \
UTF8NESS_SEP "POSIX" UTF8NESS_PREFIX "0"
/* The cache is initialized to C_and_POSIX_utf8ness at start up. These are
* kept there always. The remining portion of the cache is LRU, with the
* oldest looked-up locale at the tail end */
# ifdef DEBUGGING
# define setlocale_debug_string_c(category, locale, result) \
setlocale_debug_string_i(category##_INDEX_, locale, result)
# define setlocale_debug_string_r(category, locale, result) \
setlocale_debug_string_i(get_category_index(category, locale), \
locale, result)
# endif
/* Two parallel arrays indexed by our mapping of category numbers into small
* non-negative indexes; first the locale categories Perl uses on this system,
* used to do the inverse mapping. The second array is their names. These
* arrays are in mostly arbitrary order. */
STATIC const int categories[] = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
LC_NUMERIC,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
LC_CTYPE,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
LC_COLLATE,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
LC_TIME,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
LC_MESSAGES,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
LC_MONETARY,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
LC_ADDRESS,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
LC_IDENTIFICATION,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
LC_MEASUREMENT,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
LC_PAPER,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
LC_TELEPHONE,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
LC_SYNTAX,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
LC_TOD,
# endif
# ifdef LC_ALL
LC_ALL,
# endif
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
-1
};
/* The top-most real element is LC_ALL */
STATIC const char * const category_names[] = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
"LC_NUMERIC",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
"LC_CTYPE",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
"LC_COLLATE",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
"LC_TIME",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
"LC_MESSAGES",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
"LC_MONETARY",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
"LC_ADDRESS",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
"LC_IDENTIFICATION",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
"LC_MEASUREMENT",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
"LC_PAPER",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
"LC_TELEPHONE",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
"LC_SYNTAX",
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
"LC_TOD",
# endif
# ifdef LC_ALL
"LC_ALL",
# endif
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
NULL
};
/* A few categories require additional setup when they are changed. This table
* points to the functions that do that setup */
STATIC void (*update_functions[]) (pTHX_ const char *) = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
S_new_numeric,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
S_new_ctype,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
S_new_collate,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
NULL,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
NULL,
# endif
/* No harm done to have this even without an LC_ALL */
S_new_LC_ALL,
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
NULL
};
# ifdef LC_ALL
/* On systems with LC_ALL, it is kept in the highest index position. (-2
* to account for the final unused placeholder element.) */
# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 2)
# else
/* On systems without LC_ALL, we pretend it is there, one beyond the real
* top element, hence in the unused placeholder element. */
# define NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX (C_ARRAY_LENGTH(categories) - 1)
# endif
/* Pretending there is an LC_ALL element just above allows us to avoid most
* special cases. Most loops through these arrays in the code below are
* written like 'for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++)'. They will work
* on either type of system. But the code must be written to not access the
* element at 'LC_ALL_INDEX_' except on platforms that have it. This can be
* checked for at compile time by using the #define LC_ALL_INDEX_ which is only
* defined if we do have LC_ALL. */
STATIC unsigned int
S_get_category_index(const int category, const char * locale)
{
/* Given a category, return the equivalent internal index we generally use
* instead.
*
* 'locale' is for use in any generated diagnostics, and may be NULL
*
* Some sort of hash could be used instead of this loop, but the number of
* elements is so far at most 12 */
unsigned int i;
const char * conditional_warn_text = "; can't set it to ";
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_GET_CATEGORY_INDEX;
# ifdef LC_ALL
for (i = 0; i <= LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++)
# else
for (i = 0; i < NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX; i++)
# endif
{
if (category == categories[i]) {
dTHX_DEBUGGING;
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: index of category %d (%s) is %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, category, category_names[i], i));
return i;
}
}
/* Here, we don't know about this category, so can't handle it. */
if (! locale) {
locale = "";
conditional_warn_text = "";
}
/* diag_listed_as: Unknown locale category %d; can't set it to %s */
Perl_warner_nocontext(packWARN(WARN_LOCALE),
"Unknown locale category %d%s%s",
category, conditional_warn_text, locale);
# ifdef EINVAL
SETERRNO(EINVAL, LIB_INVARG);
# endif
/* Return an out-of-bounds value */
return NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX + 1;
}
STATIC const char *
S_category_name(const int category)
{
unsigned int index;
index = get_category_index(category, NULL);
if (index <= NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX) {
return category_names[index];
}
return Perl_form_nocontext("%d (unknown)", category);
}
#endif /* ifdef USE_LOCALE */
#define setlocale_failure_panic_c( \
cat, current, failed, caller_0_line, caller_1_line) \
setlocale_failure_panic_i(cat##_INDEX_, current, failed, \
caller_0_line, caller_1_line)
/* porcelain_setlocale() presents a consistent POSIX-compliant interface to
* setlocale(). Windows requres a customized base-level setlocale() */
#ifdef WIN32
# define porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale) win32_setlocale(cat, locale)
#else
# define porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale) \
((const char *) setlocale(cat, locale))
#endif
/* The next many lines form a layer above the close-to-the-metal 'porcelain'
* macros. They are used to present a uniform API to the rest of the code in
* this file in spite of the disparate underlying implementations. */
#ifndef USE_POSIX_2008_LOCALE
/* For non-threaded perls (which we are not to use the POSIX 2008 API on), or a
* thread-safe Windows one in which threading is invisible to us, the added
* layer just calls the base-level functions. See the introductory comments in
* this file for the meaning of the suffixes '_c', '_r', '_i'. */
# define setlocale_c(cat, locale) porcelain_setlocale(cat, locale)
# define setlocale_i(i, locale) setlocale_c(categories[i], locale)
# define setlocale_r(cat, locale) setlocale_c(cat, locale)
# define void_setlocale_i(i, locale) \
STMT_START { \
if (! porcelain_setlocale(categories[i], locale)) { \
setlocale_failure_panic_i(i, NULL, locale, __LINE__, 0); \
NOT_REACHED; /* NOTREACHED */ \
} \
} STMT_END
# define void_setlocale_c(cat, locale) \
void_setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define void_setlocale_r(cat, locale) \
void_setlocale_i(get_category_index(cat, locale), locale)
# define bool_setlocale_c(cat, locale) cBOOL(setlocale_c(cat, locale))
# define bool_setlocale_i(i, locale) cBOOL(setlocale_i(i, locale))
# define bool_setlocale_r(cat, locale) cBOOL(setlocale_r(cat, locale))
# define querylocale_c(cat) porcelain_setlocale(cat, NULL)
# define querylocale_r(cat) querylocale_c(cat)
# define querylocale_i(i) querylocale_c(categories[i])
# define FIX_GLIBC_LC_MESSAGES_BUG(i)
#else /* Below uses POSIX 2008 */
/* Here, there is a completely different API to get thread-safe locales. We
* emulate the setlocale() API with our own function(s). setlocale categories,
* like LC_NUMERIC, are not valid here for the POSIX 2008 API. Instead, there
* are equivalents, like LC_NUMERIC_MASK, which we use instead, converting to
* by using get_category_index() followed by table lookup. */
# define setlocale_i(i, locale) emulate_setlocale_i(i, locale)
# define setlocale_c(cat, locale) setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define setlocale_r(cat, locale) \
setlocale_i(get_category_index(cat, locale), locale)
# define void_setlocale_i(i, locale) ((void) setlocale_i(i, locale))
# define void_setlocale_c(cat, locale) \
void_setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define void_setlocale_r(cat, locale) ((void) setlocale_r(cat, locale))
# define bool_setlocale_i(i, locale) cBOOL(setlocale_i(i, locale))
# define bool_setlocale_c(cat, locale) \
bool_setlocale_i(cat##_INDEX_, locale)
# define bool_setlocale_r(cat, locale) cBOOL(setlocale_r(cat, locale))
# define querylocale_i(i) my_querylocale_i(i)
# define querylocale_c(cat) querylocale_i(cat##_INDEX_)
# define querylocale_r(cat) querylocale_i(get_category_index(cat,NULL))
# ifndef USE_QUERYLOCALE
# define USE_PL_CURLOCALES
# else
# define isSINGLE_BIT_SET(mask) isPOWER_OF_2(mask)
/* This code used to think querylocale() was valid on LC_ALL. Make sure
* all instances of that have been removed */
# define QUERYLOCALE_ASSERT(index) \
__ASSERT_(isSINGLE_BIT_SET(category_masks[index]))
# if ! defined(HAS_QUERYLOCALE) && defined(_NL_LOCALE_NAME)
# define querylocale_l(index, locale_obj) \
(QUERYLOCALE_ASSERT(index) \
nl_langinfo_l(_NL_LOCALE_NAME(categories[index]), locale_obj))
# else
# define querylocale_l(index, locale_obj) \
(QUERYLOCALE_ASSERT(index) \
querylocale(category_masks[index], locale_obj))
# endif
# endif
# if ! defined(__GLIBC__) || ! defined(USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES)
# define FIX_GLIBC_LC_MESSAGES_BUG(i)
# else /* Invalidate glibc cache of loaded translations, see [perl #134264] */
# include <libintl.h>
# define FIX_GLIBC_LC_MESSAGES_BUG(i) \
STMT_START { \
if ((i) == LC_MESSAGES_INDEX_) { \
textdomain(textdomain(NULL)); \
} \
} STMT_END
# endif
/* A fourth array, parallel to the ones above to map from category to its
* equivalent mask */
STATIC const int category_masks[] = {
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_NUMERIC
LC_NUMERIC_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_CTYPE
LC_CTYPE_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_COLLATE
LC_COLLATE_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TIME
LC_TIME_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MESSAGES
LC_MESSAGES_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MONETARY
LC_MONETARY_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_ADDRESS
LC_ADDRESS_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_IDENTIFICATION
LC_IDENTIFICATION_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_MEASUREMENT
LC_MEASUREMENT_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_PAPER
LC_PAPER_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TELEPHONE
LC_TELEPHONE_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_SYNTAX
LC_SYNTAX_MASK,
# endif
# ifdef USE_LOCALE_TOD
LC_TOD_MASK,
# endif
/* LC_ALL can't be turned off by a Configure
* option, and in Posix 2008, should always be
* here, so compile it in unconditionally.
* This could catch some glitches at compile
* time */
LC_ALL_MASK,
/* Placeholder as a precaution if code fails to check the return of
* get_category_index(), which returns this element to indicate an error */
0
};
# define my_querylocale_c(cat) my_querylocale_i(cat##_INDEX_)
STATIC const char *
S_my_querylocale_i(pTHX_ const unsigned int index)
{
/* This function returns the name of the locale category given by the input
* index into our parallel tables of them.
*
* POSIX 2008, for some sick reason, chose not to provide a method to find
* the category name of a locale, discarding a basic linguistic tenet that
* for any object, people will create a name for it. Some vendors have
* created a querylocale() function to do just that. This function is a
* lot simpler to implement on systems that have this. Otherwise, we have
* to keep track of what the locale has been set to, so that we can return
* its name so as to emulate setlocale(). It's also possible for C code in
* some library to change the locale without us knowing it, though as of
* September 2017, there are no occurrences in CPAN of uselocale(). Some
* libraries do use setlocale(), but that changes the global locale, and
* threads using per-thread locales will just ignore those changes. */
int category;
const locale_t cur_obj = uselocale((locale_t) 0);
const char * retval;
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_MY_QUERYLOCALE_I;
assert(index <= NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX);
category = categories[index];
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "%s:%d: my_querylocale_i %p\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, cur_obj));
if (cur_obj == LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE) {
retval = porcelain_setlocale(category, NULL);
}
else {
# ifdef USE_QUERYLOCALE
/* We don't currently keep records when there is querylocale(), so have
* to get it anew each time */
retval = (index == LC_ALL_INDEX_)
? calculate_LC_ALL(cur_obj)
: querylocale_l(index, cur_obj);
# else
/* But we do have up-to-date values when we keep our own records */
retval = PL_curlocales[index];
# endif
}
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: my_querylocale_i(%s) returning '%s'\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, category_names[index], retval));
return retval;
}
STATIC const char *
S_emulate_setlocale_i(pTHX_ const unsigned int index, const char * locale)
{
/* This function effectively performs a setlocale() on just the current
* thread; thus it is thread-safe. It does this by using the POSIX 2008
* locale functions to emulate the behavior of setlocale(). Similar to
* regular setlocale(), the return from this function points to memory that
* can be overwritten by other system calls, so needs to be copied
* immediately if you need to retain it. The difference here is that
* system calls besides another setlocale() can overwrite it.
*
* By doing this, most locale-sensitive functions become thread-safe. The
* exceptions are mostly those that return a pointer to static memory.
*
* This function takes our internal index of the 'category' setlocale is
* called with, and the 'locale' to set the category to. It uses the
* index to find the category mask that the POSIX 2008 functions use. */
int mask;
int category;
locale_t old_obj;
locale_t new_obj;
PERL_ARGS_ASSERT_EMULATE_SETLOCALE_I;
assert(index <= NOMINAL_LC_ALL_INDEX);
mask = category_masks[index];
category = categories[index];
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i input=%d (%s), mask=0x%x, \"%s\", %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, category, category_name(category), mask,
locale, index));
/* If just querying what the existing locale is ... */
if (locale == NULL) {
return my_querylocale_i(index);
}
# ifndef USE_QUERYLOCALE
if (strEQ(locale, "")) {
/* For non-querylocale() systems, we do the setting of "" ourselves to
* be sure that we really know what's going on. We follow the Linux
* documented behavior (but if that differs from the actual behavior,
* this won't work exactly as the OS implements). We go out and
* examine the environment based on our understanding of how the system
* works, and use that to figure things out.
*
* Another option would be to toggle to the global locale, and do a
* straight setlocale(LC_ALL, ""). But that could cause races with any
* other thread that has also switched. That's probably a rare event,
* and we could have a global boolean that indicates if any thread has
* switched, but we'd still need the following backup code anyway. The
* only real reason to make the switch is because some alien library
* that can't be changed, like GTk, is doing its own setlocales, */
const char * const lc_all = PerlEnv_getenv("LC_ALL");
/* Use any "LC_ALL" environment variable, as it overrides everything
* else. */
if (lc_all && strNE(lc_all, "")) {
locale = lc_all;
}
else {
/* Otherwise, we need to dig deeper. Unless overridden, the
* default is the LANG environment variable; if it doesn't exist,
* then "C" */
const char * default_name;
default_name = PerlEnv_getenv("LANG");
if (! default_name || strEQ(default_name, "")) {
default_name = "C";
}
if (category != LC_ALL) {
const char * const name = PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[index]);
/* Here we are setting a single category. Assume will have the
* default name */
locale = default_name;
/* But then look for an overriding environment variable */
if (name && strNE(name, "")) {
locale = name;
}
}
else {
bool did_override = FALSE;
unsigned int i;
/* Here, we are getting LC_ALL. Any categories that don't have
* a corresponding environment variable set should be set to
* LANG, or to "C" if there is no LANG. If no individual
* categories differ from this, we can just set LC_ALL. This
* is buggy on systems that have extra categories that we don't
* know about. If there is an environment variable that sets
* that category, we won't know to look for it, and so our use
* of LANG or "C" improperly overrides it. On the other hand,
* if we don't do what is done here, and there is no
* environment variable, the category's locale should be set to
* LANG or "C". So there is no good solution. khw thinks the
* best is to look at systems to see what categories they have,
* and include them, and then to assume that we know the
* complete set */
for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++) {
const char * const env_override
= PerlEnv_getenv(category_names[i]);
const char * this_locale = ( env_override
&& strNE(env_override, ""))
? env_override
: default_name;
if (! emulate_setlocale_i(i, this_locale))
{
return NULL;
}
if (strNE(this_locale, default_name)) {
did_override = TRUE;
}
}
/* If all the categories are the same, we can set LC_ALL to
* that */
if (! did_override) {
locale = default_name;
}
else {
/* Here, LC_ALL is no longer valid, as some individual
* categories don't match it. We call ourselves
* recursively, as that will execute the code that
* generates the proper locale string for this situation.
* We don't do the remainder of this function, as that is
* to update our records, and we've just done that for the
* individual categories in the loop above, and doing so
* would cause LC_ALL to be done as well */
return querylocale_c(LC_ALL);
}
}
}
} /* End of this being setlocale(LC_foo, "") */
else if (strchr(locale, ';')) {
/* LC_ALL may actually incude a conglomeration of various categories.
* Without querylocale, this code uses the glibc (as of this writing)
* syntax for representing that, but that is not a stable API, and
* other platforms do it differently, so we have to handle all cases
* ourselves */
unsigned int i;
const char * s = locale;
const char * e = locale + strlen(locale);
const char * p = s;
const char * category_end;
const char * name_start;
const char * name_end;
/* If the string that gives what to set doesn't include all categories,
* the omitted ones get set to "C". To get this behavior, first set
* all the individual categories to "C", and override the furnished
* ones below */
for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++) {
if (! emulate_setlocale_i(i, "C")) {
return NULL;
}
}
while (s < e) {
/* Parse through the category */
while (isWORDCHAR(*p)) {
p++;
}
category_end = p;
if (*p++ != '=') {
Perl_croak(aTHX_
"panic: %s: %d: Unexpected character in locale name '%02X",
__FILE__, __LINE__, *(p-1));
}
/* Parse through the locale name */
name_start = p;
while (p < e && *p != ';') {
if (! isGRAPH(*p)) {
Perl_croak(aTHX_
"panic: %s: %d: Unexpected character in locale name '%02X",
__FILE__, __LINE__, *(p-1));
}
p++;
}
name_end = p;
/* Space past the semi-colon */
if (p < e) {
p++;
}
/* Find the index of the category name in our lists */
for (i = 0; i < LC_ALL_INDEX_; i++) {
char * individ_locale;
/* Keep going if this isn't the index. The strnNE() avoids a
* Perl_form(), but would fail if ever a category name could be
* a substring of another one, like if there were a
* "LC_TIME_DATE" */
if strnNE(s, category_names[i], category_end - s) {
continue;
}
/* If this index is for the single category we're changing, we
* have found the locale to set it to. */
if (category == categories[i]) {
locale = Perl_form(aTHX_ "%.*s",
(int) (name_end - name_start),
name_start);
goto ready_to_set;
}
assert(category == LC_ALL);
individ_locale = Perl_form(aTHX_ "%.*s",
(int) (name_end - name_start), name_start);
if (! emulate_setlocale_i(i, individ_locale))
{
return NULL;
}
}
s = p;
}
/* Here we have set all the individual categories by recursive calls.
* These collectively should have fixed up LC_ALL, so can just query
* what that now is */
assert(category == LC_ALL);
return querylocale_c(LC_ALL);
} /* End of this being setlocale(LC_ALL,
"LC_CTYPE=foo;LC_NUMERIC=bar;...") */
ready_to_set: ;
/* Here at the end of having to deal with the absence of querylocale().
* Some cases have already been fully handled by recursive calls to this
* function. But at this point, we haven't dealt with those, but are now
* prepared to, knowing what the locale name to set this category to is.
* This would have come for free if this system had had querylocale() */
# endif /* end of ! querylocale */
assert(PL_C_locale_obj);
/* Switching locales generally entails freeing the current one's space (at
* the C library's discretion), hence we can't be using that locale at the
* time of the switch (this wasn't obvious to khw from the man pages). So
* switch to a known locale object that we don't otherwise mess with; the
* function returns the locale object in effect prior to the switch. */
old_obj = uselocale(PL_C_locale_obj);
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i was using %p\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, old_obj));
if (! old_obj) {
dSAVE_ERRNO;
DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i switching to C"
" failed: %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, GET_ERRNO));
RESTORE_ERRNO;
return NULL;
}
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i now using %p\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, PL_C_locale_obj));
/* If this call is to switch LC_ALL to the 'C' locale, it already exists,
* and in fact, we already have switched to it (in preparation for what
* normally is to come). But since we're already there, continue to use
* it instead of trying to create a new locale */
if (mask == LC_ALL_MASK && isNAME_C_OR_POSIX(locale)) {
DEBUG_Lv(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: will stay in C object\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__));
new_obj = PL_C_locale_obj;
/* We already had switched to the C locale in preparation for freeing
* 'old_obj' */
if (old_obj != LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE && old_obj != PL_C_locale_obj) {
freelocale(old_obj);
}
}
else {
/* If we weren't in a thread safe locale, set so that newlocale() below
* which uses 'old_obj', uses an empty one. Same for our reserved C
* object. The latter is defensive coding, so that, even if there is
* some bug, we will never end up trying to modify either of these, as
* newlocale() just below would otherwise do. */
if (old_obj == LC_GLOBAL_LOCALE || old_obj == PL_C_locale_obj) {
old_obj = (locale_t) 0;
}
/* Ready to create a new locale by modification of the exising one */
new_obj = newlocale(mask, locale, old_obj);
if (! new_obj) {
dSAVE_ERRNO;
DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i creating new object"
" failed: %d\n", __FILE__, __LINE__, GET_ERRNO));
if (! uselocale(old_obj)) {
DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: switching back failed: %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, GET_ERRNO));
}
RESTORE_ERRNO;
return NULL;
}
DEBUG_Lv(STMT_START {
PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i created %p",
__FILE__, __LINE__, new_obj);
if (old_obj) PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"; should have freed %p", old_obj);
PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log, "\n");
} STMT_END);
/* And switch into it */
if (! uselocale(new_obj)) {
dSAVE_ERRNO;
DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: emulate_setlocale_i switching to new object"
" failed\n", __FILE__, __LINE__));
if (! uselocale(old_obj)) {
DEBUG_L(PerlIO_printf(Perl_debug_log,
"%s:%d: switching back failed: %d\n",
__FILE__, __LINE__, GET_ERRNO));
}