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<html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>Qalculate! Manual v4.3.0</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets Vsnapshot"><link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Qalculate! Manual v4.3.0"><link rel="next" href="qalculate-introduction.html" title="Chapter 1. Introduction"></head><body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Qalculate! Manual v4.3.0</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"> </td><th width="60%" align="center"> </th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="qalculate-introduction.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr></div><div lang="en" class="book"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h1 class="title"><a name="index"></a>Qalculate! Manual v4.3.0</h1></div><div><div class="authorgroup"><div class="author"><h3 class="author"><span class="firstname">Hanna</span> <span class="surname">Knutsson</span></h3></div></div></div><div><p class="releaseinfo">This manual describes version 4.3.0 of Qalculate!.
</p></div><div><p>Instructions for the command line calculator can be found in the <a href="qalc.html"><b>qalc</b> manual page</a>.<p></div><div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2005-2007, 2016-2022 Hanna Knutsson</p></div><div><div class="legalnotice"><a name="idm14"></a><p class="legalnotice-title"><b>Feedback</b></p><p>
To report a bug or make a suggestion regarding the Qalculate! application or this manual create a new issue at <a class="ulink" href="https://github.com/Qalculate/qalculate-gtk/issues" target="_top">https://github.com/Qalculate/qalculate-gtk/issues</a>.
</p></div></div></div><hr></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl class="toc"><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-introduction.html">1. Introduction</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html">2. User Interface</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-main-window">Main Window</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-expression-entry">Expression Entry</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-result-display">Result Display</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-calculator-buttons">Keypad</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-calculation-history">Calculation History</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#minimal-window">Minimal Window</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-menus">Menu Bar</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-managers">Variable/Function/Unit Managers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-convert-number-bases-dialog">Convert Number Bases Dialog</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-expressions.html">3. Expressions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-expressions.html#qalculate-expression-objects">Objects</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-expressions.html#qalculate-expression-operators">Operators</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-expressions.html#qalculate-implicit-multiplication">Implicit Multiplication and Parsing Modes</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-expressions.html#qalculate-to">The <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">to</span>”</span> (and <span class="quote">“<span class="quote">where</span>”</span>) operators</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-mode.html">4. Calculator Modes</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-mode.html#qalculate-rpn">The RPN Mode</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-interval-arithmetic.html">5. Propagation of Uncertainty and Interval Arithmetic</a></span></dt><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-variables.html">6. Variables</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-variables.html#qalculate-variable-creation">Variable creation/editing</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-variables.html#qalculate-vectors-matrices">Vectors and Matrices</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-functions.html">7. Functions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-functions.html#qalculate-available-functions">Available Functions</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-functions.html#qalculate-function-creation">Function creation/editing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-units.html">8. Units</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-units.html#qalculate-currency">Currency</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-units.html#qalculate-unit-conversion">Conversion</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-units.html#qalculate-unit-creation">Unit creation/editing</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="chapter"><a href="qalculate-plotting.html">9. Plotting</a></span></dt><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html">A. Function List</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Algebra">Algebra</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Calculus">Calculus</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Named-Integrals">Named Integrals</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Combinatorics">Combinatorics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Complex-Numbers">Complex Numbers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Data-Sets">Data Sets</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Date--Time">Date & Time</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Economics">Economics</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Microeconomics">Microeconomics</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Exponents--Logarithms">Exponents & Logarithms</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Geometry">Geometry</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Circle">Circle</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Cone">Cone</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Cube">Cube</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Cylinder">Cylinder</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Parallelogram">Parallelogram</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Prism">Prism</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Pyramid">Pyramid</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Rectangle">Rectangle</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Sphere">Sphere</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Square">Square</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Trapezoid">Trapezoid</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Triangle">Triangle</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Logical">Logical</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Matrices--Vectors">Matrices & Vectors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Miscellaneous">Miscellaneous</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Number-Theory">Number Theory</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Arithmetic">Arithmetic</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Integers">Integers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Number-Bases">Number Bases</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Polynomials">Polynomials</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Rounding">Rounding</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Special-Functions">Special Functions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Step-Functions">Step Functions</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Statistics">Statistics</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Descriptive-Statistics">Descriptive Statistics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Distribution">Distribution</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Means">Means</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Moments">Moments</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Random-Numbers">Random Numbers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Regression">Regression</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-2-Statistical-Tests">Statistical Tests</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Trigonometry">Trigonometry</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-functions.html#qalculate-definitions-functions-1-Utilities">Utilities</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html">B. Variable List</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Basic-Constants">Basic Constants</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Date--Time">Date & Time</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Large-Numbers">Large Numbers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Physical-Constants">Physical Constants</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Atomic-and-Nuclear-Constants">Atomic and Nuclear Constants</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Conversion-factors-for-energy-equivalents">Conversion factors for energy equivalents</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Electromagnetic-Constants">Electromagnetic Constants</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Particle-Mass-in-MeV*c%5E(-2)">Particle Mass in MeV*c^(-2)</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Particle-Mass-in-kg">Particle Mass in kg</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Particle-Mass-in-u">Particle Mass in u</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Physico-Chemical-Constants">Physico-Chemical Constants</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-2-Universal-Constants">Universal Constants</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Small-Numbers">Small Numbers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Special-Numbers">Special Numbers</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Temporary">Temporary</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Unknowns">Unknowns</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-definitions-variables-1-Utilities">Utilities</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html">C. Unit List</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Angle">Angle</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Plane-Angle">Plane Angle</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Solid-Angle">Solid Angle</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Area">Area</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Currency">Currency</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Electricity">Electricity</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Capacitance">Capacitance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Electric-Charge">Electric Charge</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Electric-Conductance">Electric Conductance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Electric-Current">Electric Current</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Electric-Potential">Electric Potential</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Electric-Resistance">Electric Resistance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Inductance">Inductance</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Energy">Energy</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Action">Action</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Entropy">Entropy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Power">Power</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Force">Force</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Dynamic-Viscosity">Dynamic Viscosity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Kinematic-Viscosity">Kinematic Viscosity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Pressure">Pressure</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Information">Information</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Length">Length</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Light">Light</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Illuminance">Illuminance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Luminance">Luminance</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Luminous-Flux">Luminous Flux</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Luminous-Intensity">Luminous Intensity</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Magnetism">Magnetism</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Magnetic-Field-Strength">Magnetic Field Strength</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Magnetic-Flux">Magnetic Flux</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Magnetic-Flux-Density">Magnetic Flux Density</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Mass">Mass</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Radioactivity">Radioactivity</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Absorbed-Dose">Absorbed Dose</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Dose-Equivalent">Dose Equivalent</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Exposure">Exposure</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Ratio">Ratio</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Speed">Speed</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Acceleration">Acceleration</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Substance">Substance</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Catalytic-Activity">Catalytic Activity</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Temperature">Temperature</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Time">Time</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Frequency">Frequency</a></span></dt></dl></dd><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Typography">Typography</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-1-Volume">Volume</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Cooking">Cooking</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Fuel-Economy">Fuel Economy</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-Imperial-Capacity">Imperial Capacity</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-definitions-units-2-US-Capacity">U.S. Capacity</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></dd><dt><span class="appendix"><a href="qalculate-examples.html">D. Example expressions</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-1">Basic functions and operators</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-2">Units</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-3">Physical constants</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-4">Uncertainty and interval arithmetic</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-5">Algebra</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-6">Calculus</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-7">Matrices and vectors</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-8">Statistics</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-9">Time and date</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="qalculate-examples.html#qalculate-examples-10">Number bases</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="list-of-figures"><p><b>List of Figures</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-main-window">Main Window</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-completion">Completion</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-calculator-buttons">Keypad</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-programming-keypad">Programming keypad</a></dt><dt>2.5. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-calculation-history">Calculation History</a></dt><dt>2.6. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-minimal-window">Minimal Window</a></dt><dt>2.7. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-variable-manager">Variable Manager</a></dt><dt>2.8. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-function-manager">Function Manager</a></dt><dt>2.9. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-unit-manager">Unit Manager</a></dt><dt>2.10. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-FIG-convert-number-bases">Convert Number Bases Dialog</a></dt><dt>4.1. <a href="qalculate-mode.html#qalculate-FIG-rpn-mode">RPN Mode</a></dt><dt>5.1. <a href="qalculate-interval-arithmetic.html#qalculate-FIG-variance-formula">Variance Formula</a></dt><dt>6.1. <a href="qalculate-variables.html#qalculate-FIG-store-variable">Store Result</a></dt><dt>6.2. <a href="qalculate-variables.html#qalculate-FIG-edit-variable">New Variable</a></dt><dt>6.3. <a href="qalculate-variables.html#qalculate-FIG-edit-matrix">Matrix/Vector Edit Dialog</a></dt><dt>6.4. <a href="qalculate-variables.html#qalculate-FIG-import-csv">Import CSV Dialog</a></dt><dt>7.1. <a href="qalculate-functions.html#qalculate-FIG-insert-function">Insert function dialog</a></dt><dt>7.2. <a href="qalculate-functions.html#qalculate-FIG-edit-function-simplified">Simplified Function Edit Dialog</a></dt><dt>7.3. <a href="qalculate-functions.html#qalculate-FIG-edit-function">Function Edit Dialog</a></dt><dt>8.1. <a href="qalculate-units.html#qalculate-FIG-unit-conversion">Unit Conversion View</a></dt><dt>8.2. <a href="qalculate-units.html#qalculate-FIG-edit-unit">Unit Edit Dialog (General)</a></dt><dt>8.3. <a href="qalculate-units.html#qalculate-FIG-edit-unit-relation">Unit Edit Dialog (Relation)</a></dt><dt>9.1. <a href="qalculate-plotting.html#qalculate-FIG-plot-data">Plot Data</a></dt><dt>9.2. <a href="qalculate-plotting.html#qalculate-FIG-plot-settings">Plot Settings</a></dt><dt>9.3. <a href="qalculate-plotting.html#qalculate-FIG-gnuplot">Gnuplot</a></dt></dl></div><div class="list-of-tables"><p><b>List of Tables</b></p><dl><dt>2.1. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-keypad-right">Right Keypad</a></dt><dt>2.2. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-keypad-left">Left Keypad</a></dt><dt>2.3. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-programming-keypad">Programming Keypad</a></dt><dt>2.4. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-file-menu">File Menu</a></dt><dt>2.5. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-new-menu">New Menu</a></dt><dt>2.6. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-edit-menu">Edit Menu</a></dt><dt>2.7. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-mode-menu">Mode Menu</a></dt><dt>2.8. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-functions-menu">Functions Menu</a></dt><dt>2.9. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-menu">Variables Menu</a></dt><dt>2.10. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-units-menu">Units Menu</a></dt><dt>2.11. <a href="qalculate-user-interface.html#qalculate-TBL-help-menu">Help Menu</a></dt><dt>3.1. <a href="qalculate-expressions.html#qalculate-TBL-operators">Operators</a></dt><dt>4.1. <a href="qalculate-mode.html#qalculate-TBL-number-bases">Supported Number Bases</a></dt><dt>B.1. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Basic-Constants">Variables: Basic Constants</a></dt><dt>B.2. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Date--Time">Variables: Date & Time</a></dt><dt>B.3. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Large-Numbers">Variables: Large Numbers</a></dt><dt>B.4. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Atomic-and-Nuclear-Constants">Variables: Atomic and Nuclear Constants</a></dt><dt>B.5. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Conversion-factors-for-energy-equivalents">Variables: Conversion factors for energy equivalents</a></dt><dt>B.6. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Electromagnetic-Constants">Variables: Electromagnetic Constants</a></dt><dt>B.7. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Particle-Mass-in-MeV*c%5E(-2)">Variables: Particle Mass in MeV*c^(-2)</a></dt><dt>B.8. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Particle-Mass-in-kg">Variables: Particle Mass in kg</a></dt><dt>B.9. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Particle-Mass-in-u">Variables: Particle Mass in u</a></dt><dt>B.10. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Physico-Chemical-Constants">Variables: Physico-Chemical Constants</a></dt><dt>B.11. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Universal-Constants">Variables: Universal Constants</a></dt><dt>B.12. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Small-Numbers">Variables: Small Numbers</a></dt><dt>B.13. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Special-Numbers">Variables: Special Numbers</a></dt><dt>B.14. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Temporary">Variables: Temporary</a></dt><dt>B.15. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Unknowns">Variables: Unknowns</a></dt><dt>B.16. <a href="qalculate-definitions-variables.html#qalculate-TBL-variables-Utilities">Variables: Utilities</a></dt><dt>C.1. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Plane-Angle">Units: Plane Angle</a></dt><dt>C.2. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Solid-Angle">Units: Solid Angle</a></dt><dt>C.3. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Area">Units: Area</a></dt><dt>C.4. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Currency">Units: Currency</a></dt><dt>C.5. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Capacitance">Units: Capacitance</a></dt><dt>C.6. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Electric-Charge">Units: Electric Charge</a></dt><dt>C.7. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Electric-Conductance">Units: Electric Conductance</a></dt><dt>C.8. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Electric-Current">Units: Electric Current</a></dt><dt>C.9. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Electric-Potential">Units: Electric Potential</a></dt><dt>C.10. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Electric-Resistance">Units: Electric Resistance</a></dt><dt>C.11. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Inductance">Units: Inductance</a></dt><dt>C.12. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Energy">Units: Energy</a></dt><dt>C.13. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Action">Units: Action</a></dt><dt>C.14. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Entropy">Units: Entropy</a></dt><dt>C.15. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Power">Units: Power</a></dt><dt>C.16. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Force">Units: Force</a></dt><dt>C.17. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Dynamic-Viscosity">Units: Dynamic Viscosity</a></dt><dt>C.18. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Kinematic-Viscosity">Units: Kinematic Viscosity</a></dt><dt>C.19. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Pressure">Units: Pressure</a></dt><dt>C.20. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Information">Units: Information</a></dt><dt>C.21. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Length">Units: Length</a></dt><dt>C.22. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Illuminance">Units: Illuminance</a></dt><dt>C.23. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Luminance">Units: Luminance</a></dt><dt>C.24. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Luminous-Flux">Units: Luminous Flux</a></dt><dt>C.25. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Luminous-Intensity">Units: Luminous Intensity</a></dt><dt>C.26. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Magnetic-Field-Strength">Units: Magnetic Field Strength</a></dt><dt>C.27. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Magnetic-Flux">Units: Magnetic Flux</a></dt><dt>C.28. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Magnetic-Flux-Density">Units: Magnetic Flux Density</a></dt><dt>C.29. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Mass">Units: Mass</a></dt><dt>C.30. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Radioactivity">Units: Radioactivity</a></dt><dt>C.31. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Absorbed-Dose">Units: Absorbed Dose</a></dt><dt>C.32. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Dose-Equivalent">Units: Dose Equivalent</a></dt><dt>C.33. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Exposure">Units: Exposure</a></dt><dt>C.34. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Ratio">Units: Ratio</a></dt><dt>C.35. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Speed">Units: Speed</a></dt><dt>C.36. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Acceleration">Units: Acceleration</a></dt><dt>C.37. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Substance">Units: Substance</a></dt><dt>C.38. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Catalytic-Activity">Units: Catalytic Activity</a></dt><dt>C.39. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Temperature">Units: Temperature</a></dt><dt>C.40. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Time">Units: Time</a></dt><dt>C.41. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Frequency">Units: Frequency</a></dt><dt>C.42. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Typography">Units: Typography</a></dt><dt>C.43. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Volume">Units: Volume</a></dt><dt>C.44. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Cooking">Units: Cooking</a></dt><dt>C.45. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Fuel-Economy">Units: Fuel Economy</a></dt><dt>C.46. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-Imperial-Capacity">Units: Imperial Capacity</a></dt><dt>C.47. <a href="qalculate-definitions-units.html#qalculate-TBL-units-US-Capacity">Units: U.S. Capacity</a></dt></dl></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="qalculate-introduction.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top"> </td><td width="20%" align="center"> </td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Chapter 1. Introduction</td></tr></table></div></body></html>