Print_all_nodes_at_distance_k_from_a_given_node.cpp

#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
 
// A binary Tree node
struct node
{
    int data;
    struct node *left, *right;
};
 
/* Recursive function to print all the nodes at distance k in the
   tree (or subtree) rooted with given root. See  */
void printkdistanceNodeDown(node *root, int k)
{
    // Base Case
    if (root == NULL || k < 0)  return;
 
    // If we reach a k distant node, print it
    if (k==0)
    {
        cout << root->data << endl;
        return;
    }
 
    // Recur for left and right subtrees
    printkdistanceNodeDown(root->left, k-1);
    printkdistanceNodeDown(root->right, k-1);
}
 
// Prints all nodes at distance k from a given target node.
// The k distant nodes may be upward or downward.  This function
// Returns distance of root from target node, it returns -1 if target
// node is not present in tree rooted with root.
int printkdistanceNode(node* root, node* target , int k)
{
    // Base Case 1: If tree is empty, return -1
    if (root == NULL) return -1;
 
    // If target is same as root.  Use the downward function
    // to print all nodes at distance k in subtree rooted with
    // target or root
    if (root == target)
    {
        printkdistanceNodeDown(root, k);
        return 0;
    }
 
    // Recur for left subtree
    int dl = printkdistanceNode(root->left, target, k);
 
    // Check if target node was found in left subtree
    if (dl != -1)
    {
         // If root is at distance k from target, print root
         // Note that dl is Distance of root's left child from target
         if (dl + 1 == k)
            cout << root->data << endl;
 
         // Else go to right subtree and print all k-dl-2 distant nodes
         // Note that the right child is 2 edges away from left child
         else
            printkdistanceNodeDown(root->right, k-dl-2);
 
         // Add 1 to the distance and return value for parent calls
         return 1 + dl;
    }
 
    // MIRROR OF ABOVE CODE FOR RIGHT SUBTREE
    // Note that we reach here only when node was not found in left subtree
    int dr = printkdistanceNode(root->right, target, k);
    if (dr != -1)
    {
         if (dr + 1 == k)
            cout << root->data << endl;
         else
            printkdistanceNodeDown(root->left, k-dr-2);
         return 1 + dr;
    }
 
    // If target was neither present in left nor in right subtree
    return -1;
}
 
// A utility function to create a new binary tree node
node *newnode(int data)
{
    node *temp = new node;
    temp->data = data;
    temp->left = temp->right = NULL;
    return temp;
}
 
// Driver program to test above functions
int main()
{
    /* Let us construct the tree shown in above diagram */
    node * root = newnode(20);
    root->left = newnode(8);
    root->right = newnode(22);
    root->left->left = newnode(4);
    root->left->right = newnode(12);
    root->left->right->left = newnode(10);
    root->left->right->right = newnode(14);
    node * target = root->left->right;
    printkdistanceNode(root, target, 2);
    return 0;
}