gears.c

/*
 * 3-D gear wheels.  This program is in the public domain.
 *
 * Command line options:
 *    -info      print GL implementation information
 *    -exit      automatically exit after 30 seconds
 *
 *
 * Brian Paul
 */

/* Conversion to GLUT by Mark J. Kilgard */



#include <math.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#ifdef __APPLE__
#include <GLUT/glut.h>
#else
#include <GL/glut.h>
#endif

#ifndef M_PI
#define M_PI 3.14159265
#endif

static GLfloat fps = -1;
static GLint T0 = 0;
static GLint Frames = 0;
static GLint autoexit = 0;
static GLint win = 0;


/**

  Draw a gear wheel.  You'll probably want to call this function when
  building a display list since we do a lot of trig here.

  Input:  inner_radius - radius of hole at center
          outer_radius - radius at center of teeth
          width - width of gear
          teeth - number of teeth
          tooth_depth - depth of tooth

 **/

static void
gear(GLfloat inner_radius, GLfloat outer_radius, GLfloat width,
  GLint teeth, GLfloat tooth_depth)
{
  GLint i;
  GLfloat r0, r1, r2;
  GLfloat angle, da;
  GLfloat u, v, len;

  r0 = inner_radius;
  r1 = outer_radius - tooth_depth / 2.0;
  r2 = outer_radius + tooth_depth / 2.0;

  da = 2.0 * M_PI / teeth / 4.0;

  glShadeModel(GL_FLAT);

  glNormal3f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0);

  /* draw front face */
  glBegin(GL_QUAD_STRIP);
  for (i = 0; i <= teeth; i++) {
    angle = i * 2.0 * M_PI / teeth;
    glVertex3f(r0 * cos(angle), r0 * sin(angle), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle), r1 * sin(angle), width * 0.5);
    if (i < teeth) {
      glVertex3f(r0 * cos(angle), r0 * sin(angle), width * 0.5);
      glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle + 3 * da), r1 * sin(angle + 3 * da), width * 0.5);
    }
  }
  glEnd();

  /* draw front sides of teeth */
  glBegin(GL_QUADS);
  da = 2.0 * M_PI / teeth / 4.0;
  for (i = 0; i < teeth; i++) {
    angle = i * 2.0 * M_PI / teeth;

    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle), r1 * sin(angle), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + da), r2 * sin(angle + da), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + 2 * da), r2 * sin(angle + 2 * da), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle + 3 * da), r1 * sin(angle + 3 * da), width * 0.5);
  }
  glEnd();

  glNormal3f(0.0, 0.0, -1.0);

  /* draw back face */
  glBegin(GL_QUAD_STRIP);
  for (i = 0; i <= teeth; i++) {
    angle = i * 2.0 * M_PI / teeth;
    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle), r1 * sin(angle), -width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r0 * cos(angle), r0 * sin(angle), -width * 0.5);
    if (i < teeth) {
      glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle + 3 * da), r1 * sin(angle + 3 * da), -width * 0.5);
      glVertex3f(r0 * cos(angle), r0 * sin(angle), -width * 0.5);
    }
  }
  glEnd();

  /* draw back sides of teeth */
  glBegin(GL_QUADS);
  da = 2.0 * M_PI / teeth / 4.0;
  for (i = 0; i < teeth; i++) {
    angle = i * 2.0 * M_PI / teeth;

    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle + 3 * da), r1 * sin(angle + 3 * da), -width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + 2 * da), r2 * sin(angle + 2 * da), -width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + da), r2 * sin(angle + da), -width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle), r1 * sin(angle), -width * 0.5);
  }
  glEnd();

  /* draw outward faces of teeth */
  glBegin(GL_QUAD_STRIP);
  for (i = 0; i < teeth; i++) {
    angle = i * 2.0 * M_PI / teeth;

    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle), r1 * sin(angle), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle), r1 * sin(angle), -width * 0.5);
    u = r2 * cos(angle + da) - r1 * cos(angle);
    v = r2 * sin(angle + da) - r1 * sin(angle);
    len = sqrt(u * u + v * v);
    u /= len;
    v /= len;
    glNormal3f(v, -u, 0.0);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + da), r2 * sin(angle + da), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + da), r2 * sin(angle + da), -width * 0.5);
    glNormal3f(cos(angle), sin(angle), 0.0);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + 2 * da), r2 * sin(angle + 2 * da), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r2 * cos(angle + 2 * da), r2 * sin(angle + 2 * da), -width * 0.5);
    u = r1 * cos(angle + 3 * da) - r2 * cos(angle + 2 * da);
    v = r1 * sin(angle + 3 * da) - r2 * sin(angle + 2 * da);
    glNormal3f(v, -u, 0.0);
    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle + 3 * da), r1 * sin(angle + 3 * da), width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r1 * cos(angle + 3 * da), r1 * sin(angle + 3 * da), -width * 0.5);
    glNormal3f(cos(angle), sin(angle), 0.0);
  }

  glVertex3f(r1 * cos(0), r1 * sin(0), width * 0.5);
  glVertex3f(r1 * cos(0), r1 * sin(0), -width * 0.5);

  glEnd();

  glShadeModel(GL_SMOOTH);

  /* draw inside radius cylinder */
  glBegin(GL_QUAD_STRIP);
  for (i = 0; i <= teeth; i++) {
    angle = i * 2.0 * M_PI / teeth;
    glNormal3f(-cos(angle), -sin(angle), 0.0);
    glVertex3f(r0 * cos(angle), r0 * sin(angle), -width * 0.5);
    glVertex3f(r0 * cos(angle), r0 * sin(angle), width * 0.5);
  }
  glEnd();

}

static GLfloat view_rotx = 0.0, view_roty = 0.0, view_rotz = 0.0;
static GLint gear1, gear2, gear3;
static GLfloat angle = 0.0;

static void
cleanup(void)
{
   glDeleteLists(gear1, 1);
   glDeleteLists(gear2, 1);
   glDeleteLists(gear3, 1);
   glutDestroyWindow(win);
}


#define LEN 8192  //  Maximum length of text string
static void
Print(const char* format , ...)
{
   char    buf[LEN];
   char*   ch=buf;
   va_list args;
   //  Turn the parameters into a character string
   va_start(args,format);
   vsnprintf(buf,LEN,format,args);
   va_end(args);
   //  Display the characters one at a time at the current raster position
   while (*ch)
      glutBitmapCharacter(GLUT_BITMAP_HELVETICA_18,*ch++);
}

static void
draw(void)
{
  glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);

  glPushMatrix();
    glRotatef(view_rotx, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0);
    glRotatef(view_roty, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0);
    glRotatef(view_rotz, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);

    glPushMatrix();
      glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, 0.0);
      glRotatef(angle, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
      glCallList(gear1);
    glPopMatrix();

    /*glPushMatrix();
      glTranslatef(3.1, -2.0, 0.0);
      glRotatef(-2.0 * angle - 9.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
      glCallList(gear2);
    glPopMatrix();

    glPushMatrix();
      glTranslatef(-3.1, 4.2, 0.0);
      glRotatef(-2.0 * angle - 25.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0);
      glCallList(gear3);
    glPopMatrix();*/

  glPopMatrix();

  Frames++;

  {
    GLint t = glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME);
    if (t - T0 >= 5000) {
      GLfloat seconds = (t - T0) / 1000.0;
      fps = Frames / seconds;
      printf("%d frames in %6.3f seconds = %6.3f FPS\n", Frames, seconds, fps);
      T0 = t;
      Frames = 0;
      if ((t >= 999.0 * autoexit) && (autoexit)) {
        cleanup();
        exit(0);
      }
    }
  }

  glColor3f(1,1,1);
  glWindowPos2i(5,5);
  Print("FPS %.3f", fps);

  glutSwapBuffers();
}


static void
idle(void)
{
  static double t0 = -1.;
  double dt, t = glutGet(GLUT_ELAPSED_TIME) / 1000.0;
  if (t0 < 0.0)
    t0 = t;
  dt = t - t0;
  t0 = t;

  angle += 70.0 * dt;  /* 70 degrees per second */
  angle = fmod(angle, 360.0); /* prevents eventual overflow */

  glutPostRedisplay();
}

/* change view angle, exit upon ESC */
/* ARGSUSED1 */
static void
key(unsigned char k, int x, int y)
{
  switch (k) {
  case 'z':
    view_rotz += 5.0;
    break;
  case 'Z':
    view_rotz -= 5.0;
    break;
  case 27:  /* Escape */
    cleanup();
    exit(0);
    break;
  default:
    return;
  }
  glutPostRedisplay();
}

/* change view angle */
/* ARGSUSED1 */
static void
special(int k, int x, int y)
{
  switch (k) {
  case GLUT_KEY_UP:
    view_rotx += 5.0;
    break;
  case GLUT_KEY_DOWN:
    view_rotx -= 5.0;
    break;
  case GLUT_KEY_LEFT:
    view_roty += 5.0;
    break;
  case GLUT_KEY_RIGHT:
    view_roty -= 5.0;
    break;
  default:
    return;
  }
  glutPostRedisplay();
}

/* new window size or exposure */
static void
reshape(int width, int height)
{
  GLfloat h = (GLfloat) height / (GLfloat) width;

  glViewport(0, 0, (GLint) width, (GLint) height);
  glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION);
  glLoadIdentity();
  glFrustum(-1.0, 1.0, -h, h, 5.0, 60.0);
  glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW);
  glLoadIdentity();
  glTranslatef(0.0, 0.0, -40.0);
}

static void
init(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  static GLfloat pos[4] = {5.0, 5.0, 10.0, 0.0};
  static GLfloat red[4] = {0.8, 0.1, 0.0, 1.0};
  static GLfloat green[4] = {0.0, 0.8, 0.2, 1.0};
  static GLfloat blue[4] = {0.2, 0.2, 1.0, 1.0};
  GLint i;

  glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, pos);
  glEnable(GL_CULL_FACE);
  glEnable(GL_LIGHTING);
  glEnable(GL_LIGHT0);
  glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST);

  /* make the gears */
  gear1 = glGenLists(1);
  glNewList(gear1, GL_COMPILE);
  glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, red);
  gear(3.3, 4.0, 1.0, 40, 0.7);
  glEndList();

  /*gear2 = glGenLists(1);
  glNewList(gear2, GL_COMPILE);
  glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, green);
  gear(0.5, 2.0, 2.0, 10, 0.7);
  glEndList();

  gear3 = glGenLists(1);
  glNewList(gear3, GL_COMPILE);
  glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT_AND_DIFFUSE, blue);
  gear(1.3, 2.0, 0.5, 10, 0.7);
  glEndList();*/

  glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE);

  for ( i=1; i<argc; i++ ) {
    if (strcmp(argv[i], "-info")==0) {
      printf("GL_RENDERER   = %s\n", (char *) glGetString(GL_RENDERER));
      printf("GL_VERSION    = %s\n", (char *) glGetString(GL_VERSION));
      printf("GL_VENDOR     = %s\n", (char *) glGetString(GL_VENDOR));
      printf("GL_EXTENSIONS = %s\n", (char *) glGetString(GL_EXTENSIONS));
    }
    else if ( strcmp(argv[i], "-exit")==0) {
      autoexit = 30;
      printf("Auto Exit after %i seconds.\n", autoexit );
    }
  }
}

static void
visible(int vis)
{
  if (vis == GLUT_VISIBLE)
    glutIdleFunc(idle);
  else
    glutIdleFunc(NULL);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
  glutInit(&argc, argv);
  glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_RGB | GLUT_DEPTH | GLUT_DOUBLE);

  glutInitWindowPosition(0, 0);
  glutInitWindowSize(300, 300);
  win = glutCreateWindow("Gears");
  init(argc, argv);

  glutDisplayFunc(draw);
  glutReshapeFunc(reshape);
  glutKeyboardFunc(key);
  glutSpecialFunc(special);
  glutVisibilityFunc(visible);

  glutMainLoop();
  return 0;             /* ANSI C requires main to return int. */
}