references.bib

@article{adato,
  title     = {Accessing the ‘right’kinds of material and symbolic capital: the role of cash transfers in reducing adolescent school absence and risky behaviour in South Africa},
  author    = {Adato, Michelle and Devereux, Stephen and Sabates-Wheeler, Rachel},
  journal   = {The Journal of Development Studies},
  volume    = {52},
  number    = {8},
  pages     = {1132--1146},
  year      = {2016},
  publisher = {Taylor \& Francis}
}

@article{baird2011cash,
  title     = {Cash or condition? Evidence from a cash transfer experiment},
  author    = {Baird, Sarah and McIntosh, Craig and Ozler, Berk},
  journal   = {The Quarterly journal of economics},
  volume    = {126},
  number    = {4},
  pages     = {1709--1753},
  year      = {2011},
  publisher = {MIT Press}
}

@inbook{BurkinaFaso_final,
  crossref  = {NBERafri14-2},
  title     = {Alternative Cash Transfer Delivery Mechanisms: Impacts on Routine Preventative Health Clinic Visits in Burkina Faso},
  author    = {Richard Akresh and Damien de Walque and Harounan Kazianga},
  booktitle = {African Successes, Volume II: Human Capital},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press},
  pages     = {113-135},
  year      = {2014},
  month     = {May},
  url       = {http://www.nber.org/chapters/c13377}
}

@techreport{BurkinaFaso_School,
  title       = {Cash Transfers and Child Schooling: Evidence from a Randomized Evaluation of the Role of Conditionality},
  author      = {Akresh, Richard and de Walque, Damien and Kazianga, Harounan},
  year        = {2013},
  institution = {Oklahoma State University, Department of Economics and Legal Studies in Business},
  type        = {Economics Working Paper Series},
  number      = {1301},
  abstract    = {We conduct a randomized experiment in rural Burkina Faso to estimate the impact of alternative cash transfer delivery mechanisms on education. The two-year pilot program randomly distributed cash transfers that were either conditional (CCT) or unconditional (UCT). Families under the CCT schemes were required to have their children ages 7-15 enrolled in school and attend classes regularly. There were no such requirements under the unconditional programs. Results indicate that UCTs and CCTs have a similar impact increasing the enrollment of children who are traditionally favored by parents for school participation, including boys, older children, and higher ability children. However, CCTs are significantly more effective than UCTs in improving the enrollment of "marginal children" who are initially less likely to go to school, such as girls, younger children, and lower ability children. Thus, conditionality plays a critical role in benefiting children who are less likely to receive investments from their parents.},
  keywords    = {Cash transfers; Conditionality; Education; Africa},
  url         = {https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:okl:wpaper:1301}
}

@article{CT_OVC,
  title   = {Cash transfer programme, productive activities and labour supply: Evidence from randomized experiment in Kenya.},
  author  = {Solomon Asfaw and Benjamin Davis and Josh Dewbre and Sudhanshu Handa and Paul Winters},
  journal = {The journal of development studies},
  volume  = {50},
  number  = {8},
  year    = {2014},
  page    = {1172-1196},
  doi     = {https://doi.org/10.1080/00220388.2014.919383}
}

@article{CT_OVC_HIV,
  title   = {The government of Kenya's cash transfer program reduces the risk of sexual debut among young people age 15-25},
  author  = {Sudhanshu Handa and Carolyn Tucker Halpern and Audry Pettifor and Harsha Thirumurthy},
  journal = {PLoS One},
  year    = {2014},
  volume  = {9},
  number  = {1},
  doi     = {https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0085473}
}

@techreport{CTOVC_food,
  title       = {The impact of the Kenya CT-OVC programme on
      productive activities and labour allocation},
  author      = {Solomon Asfaw and Benjamin Davis and Josh Dewbre and Giovanni Federighi and
      Sudhanshu Handa and Paul Winters},
  institution = {Food and Agriculture Organization},
  year        = {2012}
}

@article{daidone2014zambia,
  title   = {Zambia’s Child Grant Programme: 24-month impact report on productive activities and labour allocation},
  author  = {Daidone, Silvio and Davis, Benjamin and Dewbre, Joshua and Gonz{\'a}lez-Flores, Mario and Handa, Sudhanshu and Seidenfeld, David and Tembo, Gelson},
  journal = {Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome},
  year    = {2014}
}

@article{de2015heterogeneous,
  title   = {Heterogeneous impacts of an unconditional cash transfer programme on schooling: evidence from the Ghana LEAP programme},
  author  = {De Groot, Richard and Handa, Sudhanshu and Park, Michael and Darko, Robert Osei and Osei-Akoto, Isaac and Bhalla, Garima and Ragno, Luigi Peter},
  journal = {UNICEF Office of Research--Innocenti Working Paper WP-2015-10},
  year    = {2015}
}


@article{DSDUnicef,
  title     = {The South African Child Support Grant Impact Assessment:
      Evidence from a survey of children, adolescents and their households},
  author    = {DSD and SASSA and UNICEF},
  year      = {2012},
  publisher = {Pretoria: UNICEF South Africa}
}

@book{evans2014community,
  title     = {Community-based conditional cash transfers in Tanzania: Results from a randomized trial},
  author    = {Evans, David and Hausladen, Stephanie and Kosec, Katrina and Reese, Natasha},
  year      = {2014},
  publisher = {The World Bank}
}

@techreport{Ghana_final,
  title       = {Ghana LEAP 1000 Programme: Endline Evaluation Report},
  year        = {2020},
  institution = {United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) Office of Research},
  author      = {Tia Palermo and Sudhanshu Handa},
  url         = {https://reliefweb.int/sites/reliefweb.int/files/resources/d-4106-LEAP%201000%20Report.pdf}
}

@article{handa2014livelihood,
  title   = {Livelihood empowerment against poverty program impact evaluation, 3ie Grantee Final Report},
  author  = {Handa, S and Park, M and Darko, RO and Osei-Akoto, I and Davis, B and Diadone, S},
  journal = {New Delhi: International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie)},
  year    = {2014}
}

@article{HANDA201536,
  title    = {Impact of the Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children on early pregnancy and marriage of adolescent girls},
  journal  = {Social Science & Medicine},
  volume   = {141},
  pages    = {36 - 45},
  year     = {2015},
  issn     = {0277-9536},
  doi      = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2015.07.024},
  url      = {http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S027795361530040X},
  author   = {Sudhanshu Handa and Amber Peterman and Carolyn Huang and Carolyn Halpern and Audrey Pettifor and Harsha Thirumurthy},
  keywords = {Kenya, Cash transfers, Adolescent girls, Pregnancy, Early marriage},
  abstract = {There is promising evidence that poverty-targeted cash transfer programs can have positive impacts on adolescent transitions to adulthood in resource poor settings, however existing research is typically from small scale programs in diverse geographic and cultural settings. We provide estimates of the impact of a national unconditional cash transfer program, the Kenya Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children, on pregnancy and early marriage among females aged 12 to 24, four years after program initiation. The evaluation was designed as a clustered randomized controlled trial and ran from 2007 to 2011, capitalizing on the existence of a control group, which was delayed entry to the program due to budget constraints. Findings indicate that, among 1549 females included in the study, while the program reduced the likelihood of pregnancy by five percentage points, there was no significant impact on likelihood of early marriage. Program impacts on pregnancy appear to work through increasing the enrollment of young women in school, financial stability of the household and delayed age at first sex. The Kenyan program is similar in design to most other major national cash transfer programs in Eastern and Southern Africa, suggesting a degree of generalizability of the results reported here. Although the objective of the program is primarily poverty alleviation, it appears to have an important impact on facilitating the successful transition of adolescent girls into adulthood.}
}

@article{handa2016income,
  title     = {Income transfers and maternal health: evidence from a national randomized social cash transfer program in Zambia},
  author    = {Handa, Sudhanshu and Peterman, Amber and Seidenfeld, David and Tembo, Gelson},
  journal   = {Health economics},
  volume    = {25},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {225--236},
  year      = {2016},
  publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}

@article{handa2016social,
  title     = {The social and productive impacts of Zambia's child grant},
  author    = {Handa, Sudhanshu and Seidenfeld, David and Davis, Benjamin and Tembo, Gelson and Zambia Cash Transfer Evaluation Team},
  journal   = {Journal of Policy Analysis and Management},
  volume    = {35},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {357--387},
  year      = {2016},
  publisher = {Wiley Online Library}
}

@article{kahn2015cash,
  title   = {Cash transfers to increase antenatal care utilization in Kisoro, Uganda: a pilot study},
  author  = {Kahn, Chava and Iragua, Mosesh and Baganizi, Michael and Kolenic, Giselle E and Paccione, Gerald A and Tejani, Nergesh},
  journal = {African journal of reproductive health},
  volume  = {19},
  number  = {3},
  pages   = {144--150},
  year    = {2015}
}


@article{Kenya_CT_OVC,
  author    = {The Kenya CT-OVC Evaluation Team},
  title     = {The impact of Kenya's Cash Transfer for Orphans and Vulnerable Children on human capital},
  journal   = {Journal of Development Effectiveness},
  volume    = {4},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {38-49},
  year      = {2012},
  publisher = {Routledge},
  doi       = {10.1080/19439342.2011.653578}
}

@techreport{Kenya_HSNP_final,
  title       = {Kenya Hunger Safety Net Programme Monitoring and Evaluation
      Component: Impact Evaluation Final Report: 2009 to 2012"},
  author      = {Fred Merttens and Alex Hurrell and Marta Marzi and Ramla Attah and Maham Farhat and
      Andrew Kardan and Ian MacAuslan},
  year        = {2013},
  url         = {https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/284251/Kenya-Hunger-Safety-Net-Programme-2009-2012.pdf},
  institution = {Oxford Policy Management}
}

\@techreport{Kenya_UBI,
  title       = {Effects of a Universal Basic Income during the pandemic},
  author      = {Abhijit Banerjee and Michael Faye and Alan Kruger and Paul Niehaus and Tavneet Suri},
  year        = {2020},
  institution = {Massachusetts Institute of Technology}
}

@techreport{KenyaGD_domvio,
  title       = {Income Changes and Intimate Partner Violence: Evidence from Unconditional Cash Transfers in Kenya},
  author      = {Haushofer, Johannes and Ringdal, Charlotte and Shapiro, Jeremy P and Wang, Xiao Yu},
  institution = {National Bureau of Economic Research},
  type        = {Working Paper},
  series      = {Working Paper Series},
  number      = {25627},
  year        = {2019},
  month       = {March},
  doi         = {10.3386/w25627},
  url         = {http://www.nber.org/papers/w25627},
  abstract    = {In a previous study, we found an improvement in female empowerment after randomized unconditional cash transfers in Kenya (Haushofer and Shapiro 2016). Here we report detailed impacts of these transfers on physical and sexual intimate partner violence, and construct a theory to explain them. Transfers to women averaging USD 709 reduced physical and sexual violence (-0:26, -0:22 standard deviations). Transfers to men reduced physical violence (-0:18 SD). We find spillovers: physical violence towards non-recipient women in treatment villages decreased (-0:16 SD). We show theoretically that transfers to both men and women are needed to understand why violence occurs. Our theory suggests that husbands use physical violence to extract resources, but dislike it, while sexual violence is not used to extract resources, but is pleasurable.}
}

@article{Lesotho_CGP,
  title   = {Combining cash transfers with rural development interventions: an impact evaluation of Lesotho’s Child Grants Programme (CGP) and Sustainable Poverty Reduction through Income, Nutrition and access to Government Services (SPRINGS) project},
  author  = {Daidone, Silvio and Pace, Noemi and Prifti, Ervin},
  year    = {2018},
  journal = {{UNICEF}},
  url     = {https://transfer.cpc.unc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2019/01/Lesotho-CGP-SPRINGS-Impact-Report_FINAL.pdf}
}

@article{Malawi_SCTP_final,
  title   = {Malawi social cash transfer programme endline impact evaluation report},
  author  = {Sara Abdoulayi and Gustavo Angeles and Clare Barrington and Kristen Brugh and Sudhanshu Handa and Kelly Kilburn and Adria Molotsky and Frank Otchere and Susannah Zietz},
  journal = {Chapel Hill, Zomba: The University of North Carolina, University of Malawi},
  year    = {2016}
}
@article{Meta_analysis_SSA,
  author   = {Owusu-Addo, Ebenezer and Renzaho, Andre M N and Smith, Ben J},
  title    = {The impact of cash transfers on social determinants of health and health inequalities in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review},
  journal  = {Health Policy and Planning},
  volume   = {33},
  number   = {5},
  pages    = {675-696},
  year     = {2018},
  month    = {03},
  abstract = {Cash transfers (CTs) are now high on the agenda of most governments in low- and middle-income countries. Within the field of health promotion, CTs constitute a healthy public policy initiative as they have the potential to address the social determinants of health (SDoH) and health inequalities. A systematic review was conducted to synthesise the evidence on CTs’ impacts on SDoH and health inequalities in sub-Saharan Africa, and to identify the barriers and facilitators of effective CTs. Twenty-one electronic databases and the websites of 14 key organizations were searched in addition to grey literature and hand searching of selected journals for quantitative and qualitative studies on CTs’ impacts on SDoH and health outcomes. Out of 182 full texts screened for eligibility, 79 reports that reported findings from 53 studies were included in the final review. The studies were undertaken within 24 CTs comprising 11 unconditional CTs (UCTs), 8 conditional CTs (CCTs) and 5 combined UCTs and CCTs. The review found that CTs can be effective in tackling structural determinants of health such as financial poverty, education, household resilience, child labour, social capital and social cohesion, civic participation, and birth registration. The review further found that CTs modify intermediate determinants such as nutrition, dietary diversity, child deprivation, sexual risk behaviours, teen pregnancy and early marriage. In conjunction with their influence on SDoH, there is moderate evidence from the review that CTs impact on health and quality of life outcomes. The review also found many factors relating to intervention design features, macro-economic stability, household dynamics and community acceptance of programs that could influence the effectiveness of CTs. The external validity of the review findings is strong as the findings are largely consistent with those from Latin America. The findings thus provide useful insights to policy makers and managers and can be used to optimise CTs to reduce health inequalities.},
  issn     = {0268-1080},
  doi      = {10.1093/heapol/czy020},
  url      = {https://doi.org/10.1093/heapol/czy020},
  eprint   = {https://academic.oup.com/heapol/article-pdf/33/5/675/25086851/czy020.pdf}
}

@article{MZCTP,
  author   = {Baird, Sarah and McIntosh, Craig and Özler, Berk},
  title    = {Cash or Condition? Evidence from a Cash Transfer Experiment},
  journal  = {The Quarterly Journal of Economics},
  volume   = {126},
  number   = {4},
  pages    = {1709-1753},
  year     = {2011},
  month    = {10},
  abstract = {This article assesses the role of conditionality in cash transfer programs using a unique experiment targeted at adolescent girls in Malawi. The program featured two distinct interventions: unconditional transfers (UCT arm) and transfers conditional on school attendance (CCT arm). Although there was a modest decline in the dropout rate in the UCT arm in comparison with the control group, it was only 43\\% as large as the impact in the CCT arm at the end of the 2-year program. The CCT arm also outperformed the UCT arm in tests of English reading comprehension. However, teenage pregnancy and marriage rates were substantially lower in the UCT than the CCT arm, entirely due to the impact of UCTs on these outcomes among girls who dropped out of school.},
  issn     = {0033-5533},
  doi      = {10.1093/qje/qjr032},
  url      = {https://doi.org/10.1093/qje/qjr032},
  eprint   = {https://academic.oup.com/qje/article-pdf/126/4/1709/17088367/qjr032.pdf}
}

@article{Namibia,
  author  = {Osterkamp, Rigmar},
  year    = {2013},
  month   = {01},
  pages   = {},
  title   = {The Basic Income Grant Pilot Project in Namibia: A Critical Assessment},
  volume  = {8},
  journal = {Basic Income Studies},
  doi     = {10.1515/bis-2012-0007}
}

@article{okoli2014conditional,
  title     = {Conditional cash transfer schemes in Nigeria: potential gains for maternal and child health service uptake in a national pilot programme},
  author    = {Okoli, Ugo and Morris, Laura and Oshin, Adetokunbo and Pate, Muhammad A and Aigbe, Chidimma and Muhammad, Ado},
  journal   = {BMC pregnancy and childbirth},
  volume    = {14},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {408},
  year      = {2014},
  publisher = {Springer}
}

@techreport{RePEc:erg:wpaper:1090,
  title       = {Cash Transfers and Labor Supply: Evidence from A Large-Scale Program in Iran},
  author      = {Salehi-Isfahani, Djavad and Mostafavi-Dehzooei, Mohammad},
  year        = {2017},
  institution = {Economic Research Forum},
  type        = {Working Papers},
  number      = {1090},
  abstract    = {We study the impact of a nation-wide unconditional cash transfer program on labor supply in Iran. In 2011, the government started monthly deposits of cash into individual family accounts amounting to 29\% of the median household income. We use panel data and fixed effects to study the causal effect of the cash transfers on labor supply using the exogenous variation in the intensity of treatment, which we define as the value of cash transfers relative to household income in the year before transfers. We also use a difference-in-differences methodology that relies on exogenous variation in the time households first started receiving transfers. With the exception of youth, who have weak ties to the labor market, we find no evidence that cash transfers reduced labor supply, while service sector workers appear to have increased their hours of work, perhaps because some used transfers to expand their business.},
  url         = {https://EconPapers.repec.org/RePEc:erg:wpaper:1090}
}

@techreport{RwandaGD,
  title       = {Benchmarking a Child Nutrition Program against Cash: Experimental Evidence from Rwanda},
  author      = {Craig McIntosh, Andrew Zeitlin},
  year        = {2018},
  institution = {GiveDirectly}
}

@article{SA_Duflo,
  issn      = {02586770, 1564698X},
  url       = {http://www.jstor.org/stable/3990043},
  abstract  = {This article evaluates the impact of a large cash transfer program in South Africa on children's nutritional status and investigates whether the gender of the recipient affects that impact. In the early 1990s the benefits and coverage of the South African social pension program were expanded for the black population. In 1993 the benefits were about twice the median per capita income in rural areas. More than a quarter of black South African children under age five live with a pension recipient. Estimates suggest that pensions received by women had a large impact on the anthropometric status (weight for height and height for age) of girls but little effect on that of boys. No similar effect is found for pensions received by men. This suggests that the efficiency of public transfer programs may depend on the gender of the recipient.},
  author    = {Esther Duflo},
  journal   = {The World Bank Economic Review},
  number    = {1},
  pages     = {1--25},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press},
  title     = {Grandmothers and Granddaughters: Old-Age Pensions and Intrahousehold Allocation in South Africa},
  volume    = {17},
  year      = {2003}
}

@techreport{SouthAfrica_CSG_final,
  title       = {The South African Child Support Grant Impact Assessment: Evidence from a survey of children,
      adolescents and their household},
  year        = {2012},
  author      = {DSD, SASSA and UNICEF},
  institution = {UNICEF South Africa},
  address     = {Pretoria}
}

@article{Tanzania_TASAF_final,
  title     = {Cash transfers and health: Evidence from Tanzania},
  author    = {Evans, David K and Holtemeyer, Brian and Kosec, Katrina},
  journal   = {The World Bank Economic Review},
  volume    = {33},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {394--412},
  year      = {2019},
  publisher = {Oxford University Press}
}


@article{thornton2008demand,
  title   = {The demand for, and impact of, learning HIV status},
  author  = {Thornton, Rebecca L},
  journal = {American Economic Review},
  volume  = {98},
  number  = {5},
  pages   = {1829--63},
  year    = {2008}
}

@techreport{Uganda_GD_final,
  title       = {Cash crop: evaluating large cash transfers to coffee
      farming communities in Uganda},
  year        = {2019},
  author      = {Michael Cooke and Piali Mukhopadhyay},
  institution = {GiveDirectly}
}

@techreport{Uganda_SAGE_final,
  title       = {Evaluation of the Uganda Social Assistance Grants for Empowerment (SAGE) Programme Final report},
  author      = {Fred Merttens and
      Esméralda Sindou and Alina Lipcan, Luca Pellerano and Michele Binci, Sarah Ssewanyana and Stella Neema and Ramlatu Attah and Sope Otulana and Chris Hearle and Sabine Garbarino},
  year        = {2016},
  institution = {Oxford Policy Management}
}

@techreport{Uganda_WFP_food,
  title       = {Impact Evaluation of Cash and Food Transfers
at Early Childhood Development Centers in Karamoja, Uganda: Final Impact Report},
  author      = {Gilligan, Daniel O and Margolies, Amy and Qui{\~n}ones, Esteban and Roy, Shalini},
  institution = {World Food Program},
  year        = {2013}
}

@article{unicef2014child,
  title     = {Child support grant evaluation 2010: Qualitative research report},
  author    = {UNICEF and others},
  year      = {2014},
  publisher = {Pretoria, South Africa}
}

@incollection{World_Bank_meta,
  title     = {Social Safety Nets Promote Poverty Reduction, Increase Resilience, and Expand Opportunities},
  booktitle = {Realizing the Full Potential of Social Safety Nets in Africa},
  author    = {Andrews, Colin and Hsiao, Allan and Ralston, Laura},
  year      = {2018}
}


@article{yotebieng2016conditional,
  title     = {Conditional cash transfers and uptake of and retention in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission care: a randomised controlled trial},
  author    = {Yotebieng, Marcel and Thirumurthy, Harsha and Moracco, Kathryn E and Kawende, Bienvenu and Chalachala, Jean Lambert and Wenzi, Landry Kipula and Ravelomanana, Noro Lantoniaina Rosa and Edmonds, Andrew and Thompson, Deidre and Okitolonda, Emile W and others},
  journal   = {The lancet HIV},
  volume    = {3},
  number    = {2},
  pages     = {e85--e93},
  year      = {2016},
  publisher = {Elsevier}
}

@techreport{Zambia_CGP_final,
  title       = {Zambia's Child	Grant	Program: 36-Month Impact	Report},
  author      = {David Seidenfeld and Sudhanshu Handa},
  institution = {American Institutes for Research},
  year        = {2014},
  address     = {Washington, DC}
}

@techreport{Zambia_MCTG_final,
  title       = {Zambia's Multiple Category Targeting Grant: 36-Month Impact Report},
  author      = {David Seidenfeld and Sudhanshu Handa},
  institution = {American Institutes for Research},
  year        = {2014},
  address     = {Washington, DC}
}


@techreport{ZCTP_medium,
  title       = {What happens once the intervention ends? The medium-term impacts of a cash transfer programme in Malawi},
  author      = {Sarah Baird and Ephraim Chirwa and Craig McIntosh and Berk Özler},
  year        = {2015},
  institution = {International Initiative for Impact Evaluation}
}


@article{Zembe_2015,
  author    = {Wanga Zembe-Mkabile and Rebecca Surender and David Sanders and Debra Jackson and Tanya Doherty},
  title     = {The experience of cash transfers in alleviating childhood poverty in South Africa: Mothers' experiences of the Child Support Grant},
  journal   = {Global Public Health},
  volume    = {10},
  number    = {7},
  pages     = {834-851},
  year      = {2015},
  publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
  doi       = {10.1080/17441692.2015.1007471}
}

@article{Zimbabwe_CCTP_Final,
  author  = {Robertson, Laura and Mushati, Phyllis and Eaton, Jeffrey and Lovemore, Dumba and Mavise, Gideon and Makoni, Jeremiah and Schumacher, Christina and Crea, Thomas and Monasch, Roeland and Sherr, Lorraine and Garnett, Geoffrey and Nyamukapa, Constance and Gregson, Simon},
  year    = {2013},
  month   = {02},
  pages   = {},
  title   = {Effects of unconditional and conditional cash transfers on child health and development in Zimbabwe: A cluster-randomised trial},
  volume  = {381},
  journal = {Lancet},
  doi     = {10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62168-0}
}

@techreport{Zimbabwe_HSCT_final,
  title       = {Zimbabwe’s Harmonised Social Cash
      Transfer Programme
      Endline Impact Evaluation Report},
  year        = {2018},
  author      = {Gustavo Angeles and Averi Chakrabarti and Sudhanshu Handa and Frank Otchere and Gean Spektor},
  institution = {The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill}
}

@article{watson2019universal,
  title   = {Universal cash transfers reduce childhood obesity rates},
  author  = {Watson, Brett and Guettabi, Mouhcine and Reimer, Matthew},
  journal = {Available at SSRN 3380033},
  year    = {2019}
}

@article{aizer2016long,
  title   = {The long-run impact of cash transfers to poor families},
  author  = {Aizer, Anna and Eli, Shari and Ferrie, Joseph and Lleras-Muney, Adriana},
  journal = {American Economic Review},
  volume  = {106},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {935--71},
  year    = {2016}
}

@article{dahl2012impact,
  title   = {The impact of family income on child achievement: Evidence from the earned income tax credit},
  author  = {Dahl, Gordon B and Lochner, Lance},
  journal = {American Economic Review},
  volume  = {102},
  number  = {5},
  pages   = {1927--56},
  year    = {2012}
}

@article{milligan2009child,
  title   = {Child benefits, maternal employment, and children's health: Evidence from Canadian child benefit expansions},
  author  = {Milligan, Kevin and Stabile, Mark},
  journal = {American Economic Review},
  volume  = {99},
  number  = {2},
  pages   = {128--32},
  year    = {2009}
}

@article{hoynes2016long,
  title   = {Long-run impacts of childhood access to the safety net},
  author  = {Hoynes, Hilary and Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore and Almond, Douglas},
  journal = {American Economic Review},
  volume  = {106},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {903--34},
  year    = {2016},
  url     = {https://www.nber.org/papers/w18535.pdf}
}

@article{whitmore2002food,
  title   = {What are food stamps worth?},
  author  = {Whitmore, Diane},
  year    = {2002},
  url     = {https://msu.edu/~dickertc/301f06/whatarefoodstampsworth.pdf},
  journal = {Princeton University Industrial Relations Section}
}

@article{hoynes2009consumption,
  title   = {Consumption responses to in-kind transfers: Evidence from the introduction of the food stamp program},
  author  = {Hoynes, Hilary W and Schanzenbach, Diane Whitmore},
  journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
  volume  = {1},
  number  = {4},
  pages   = {109--39},
  year    = {2009}
}

@article{akee2013young,
  title   = {Young adult obesity and household income: Effects of unconditional cash transfers},
  author  = {Akee, Randall and Simeonova, Emilia and Copeland, William and Angold, Adrian and Costello, E Jane},
  journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
  volume  = {5},
  number  = {2},
  pages   = {1--28},
  year    = {2013},
  url     = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3975822/}
}

@article{akee2010parents,
  title   = {Parents' incomes and children's outcomes: a quasi-experiment using transfer payments from casino profits},
  author  = {Akee, Randall KQ and Copeland, William E and Keeler, Gordon and Angold, Adrian and Costello, E Jane},
  journal = {American Economic Journal: Applied Economics},
  volume  = {2},
  number  = {1},
  pages   = {86--115},
  year    = {2010},
  url     = {https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2891175/}
}

@inproceedings{mumford2017fertility,
  title        = {Fertility Response to the Tax Treatment of Children},
  author       = {Mumford, Kevin J and Thomas, Paul},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings. Annual Conference on Taxation and Minutes of the Annual Meeting of the National Tax Association},
  volume       = {110},
  pages        = {1--18},
  year         = {2017},
  organization = {JSTOR},
  url          = {https://www.ntanet.org/wp-content/uploads/proceedings/2017/NTA2017-253.pdf}
}

@techreport{goldstein2017evaluating,
  title       = {Evaluating how child allowances and daycare subsidies affect fertility},
  author      = {Goldstein, Joshua R and Koulovatianos, Christos and Li, Jian and Schr{\"o}der, Carsten},
  year        = {2017},
  institution = {CFS Working Paper Series},
  url         = {https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/155334/1/880726970.pdf}
}

@article{riphahn2017fertility,
  title     = {Fertility effects of child benefits},
  author    = {Riphahn, Regina T and Wiynck, Frederik},
  journal   = {Journal of Population Economics},
  volume    = {30},
  number    = {4},
  pages     = {1135--1184},
  year      = {2017},
  publisher = {Springer},
  url       = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2941614}
}

@article{apps2020alternatives,
  title     = {Alternatives to Paying Child Benefit to the Rich: Means Testing or Higher Tax?},
  author    = {Apps, Patricia and Rees, Ray and Thoresen, Thor Olav and Vatt{\o}, Trine Engh},
  year      = {2020},
  publisher = {CESifo Working Paper}
}

@article{milligan2011child,
  title   = {Do child tax benefits affect the well-being of children? Evidence from Canadian child benefit expansions},
  author  = {Milligan, Kevin and Stabile, Mark},
  journal = {American Economic Journal: Economic Policy},
  volume  = {3},
  number  = {3},
  pages   = {175--205},
  year    = {2011}
}

@article{cooper2017does,
  title     = {Does money affect children’s outcomes? An update},
  author    = {Cooper, Kerris and Stewart, Kitty},
  year      = {2017},
  publisher = {Centre for Analysis of Social Exclusion, The London School of Economics and~…},
  journal   = {CASEpapers}
}

@article{flegal2005excess,
  title     = {Excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity},
  author    = {Flegal, Katherine M and Graubard, Barry I and Williamson, David F and Gail, Mitchell H},
  journal   = {Jama},
  volume    = {293},
  number    = {15},
  pages     = {1861--1867},
  year      = {2005},
  publisher = {American Medical Association}
}

@incollection{deaton2001mortality,
  title     = {Mortality, education, income, and inequality among American cohorts},
  author    = {Deaton, Angus S and Paxson, Christina},
  booktitle = {Themes in the Economics of Aging},
  pages     = {129--170},
  year      = {2001},
  publisher = {University of Chicago Press}
}

@techreport{cutler2006education,
  title       = {Education and health: evaluating theories and evidence},
  author      = {Cutler, David M and Lleras-Muney, Adriana},
  year        = {2006},
  institution = {National bureau of economic research}
}