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upgrade.go
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upgrade.go
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// Copyright (c) 2013-2016 The btcsuite developers
// Copyright (c) 2015-2018 The Utopia developers
// Use of this source code is governed by an ISC
// license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
package blockchain
import (
"bytes"
"encoding/binary"
"errors"
"fmt"
"time"
"github.com/UtopiaCoinOrg/ucd/blockchain/internal/progresslog"
"github.com/UtopiaCoinOrg/ucd/blockchain/stake"
"github.com/UtopiaCoinOrg/ucd/chaincfg"
"github.com/UtopiaCoinOrg/ucd/chaincfg/chainhash"
"github.com/UtopiaCoinOrg/ucd/database"
"github.com/UtopiaCoinOrg/ucd/ucutil"
"github.com/UtopiaCoinOrg/ucd/wire"
)
// errInterruptRequested indicates that an operation was cancelled due
// to a user-requested interrupt.
var errInterruptRequested = errors.New("interrupt requested")
// errBatchFinished indicates that a foreach database loop was exited due to
// reaching the maximum batch size.
var errBatchFinished = errors.New("batch finished")
// interruptRequested returns true when the provided channel has been closed.
// This simplifies early shutdown slightly since the caller can just use an if
// statement instead of a select.
func interruptRequested(interrupted <-chan struct{}) bool {
select {
case <-interrupted:
return true
default:
}
return false
}
// deserializeDatabaseInfoV2 deserializes a database information struct from the
// passed serialized byte slice according to the legacy version 2 format.
//
// The legacy format is as follows:
//
// Field Type Size Description
// version uint32 4 bytes The version of the database
// compVer uint32 4 bytes The script compression version of the database
// created uint32 4 bytes The date of the creation of the database
//
// The high bit (0x80000000) is used on version to indicate that an upgrade
// is in progress and used to confirm the database fidelity on start up.
func deserializeDatabaseInfoV2(dbInfoBytes []byte) (*databaseInfo, error) {
// upgradeStartedBit if the bit flag for whether or not a database
// upgrade is in progress. It is used to determine if the database
// is in an inconsistent state from the update.
const upgradeStartedBit = 0x80000000
byteOrder := binary.LittleEndian
rawVersion := byteOrder.Uint32(dbInfoBytes[0:4])
upgradeStarted := (upgradeStartedBit & rawVersion) > 0
version := rawVersion &^ upgradeStartedBit
compVer := byteOrder.Uint32(dbInfoBytes[4:8])
ts := byteOrder.Uint32(dbInfoBytes[8:12])
if upgradeStarted {
return nil, AssertError("database is in the upgrade started " +
"state before resumable upgrades were supported - " +
"delete the database and resync the blockchain")
}
return &databaseInfo{
version: version,
compVer: compVer,
created: time.Unix(int64(ts), 0),
}, nil
}
// ticketsVotedInBlock fetches a list of tickets that were voted in the
// block.
func ticketsVotedInBlock(bl *ucutil.Block) []chainhash.Hash {
var tickets []chainhash.Hash
for _, stx := range bl.MsgBlock().STransactions {
if stake.IsSSGen(stx) {
tickets = append(tickets, stx.TxIn[1].PreviousOutPoint.Hash)
}
}
return tickets
}
// ticketsRevokedInBlock fetches a list of tickets that were revoked in the
// block.
func ticketsRevokedInBlock(bl *ucutil.Block) []chainhash.Hash {
var tickets []chainhash.Hash
for _, stx := range bl.MsgBlock().STransactions {
if stake.DetermineTxType(stx) == stake.TxTypeSSRtx {
tickets = append(tickets, stx.TxIn[0].PreviousOutPoint.Hash)
}
}
return tickets
}
// upgradeToVersion2 upgrades a version 1 blockchain to version 2, allowing
// use of the new on-disk ticket database.
func upgradeToVersion2(db database.DB, chainParams *chaincfg.Params, dbInfo *databaseInfo) error {
// Hardcoded so updates to the global values do not affect old upgrades.
byteOrder := binary.LittleEndian
chainStateKeyName := []byte("chainstate")
heightIdxBucketName := []byte("heightidx")
// These are legacy functions that relied on information in the database
// that is no longer available in more recent code.
dbFetchHashByHeight := func(dbTx database.Tx, height int64) (*chainhash.Hash, error) {
var serializedHeight [4]byte
byteOrder.PutUint32(serializedHeight[:], uint32(height))
meta := dbTx.Metadata()
heightIndex := meta.Bucket(heightIdxBucketName)
hashBytes := heightIndex.Get(serializedHeight[:])
if hashBytes == nil {
str := fmt.Sprintf("no block at height %d exists", height)
return nil, errNotInMainChain(str)
}
var hash chainhash.Hash
copy(hash[:], hashBytes)
return &hash, nil
}
dbFetchBlockByHeight := func(dbTx database.Tx, height int64) (*ucutil.Block, error) {
// First find the hash associated with the provided height in the index.
hash, err := dbFetchHashByHeight(dbTx, height)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Load the raw block bytes from the database.
blockBytes, err := dbTx.FetchBlock(hash)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
// Create the encapsulated block and set the height appropriately.
block, err := ucutil.NewBlockFromBytes(blockBytes)
if err != nil {
return nil, err
}
return block, nil
}
log.Infof("Initializing upgrade to database version 2")
progressLogger := progresslog.NewBlockProgressLogger("Upgraded", log)
// The upgrade is atomic, so there is no need to set the flag that
// the database is undergoing an upgrade here. Get the stake node
// for the genesis block, and then begin connecting stake nodes
// incrementally.
err := db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
// Fetch the stored best chain state from the database metadata.
serializedData := dbTx.Metadata().Get(chainStateKeyName)
best, err := deserializeBestChainState(serializedData)
if err != nil {
return err
}
bestStakeNode, errLocal := stake.InitDatabaseState(dbTx, chainParams, &chainParams.GenesisHash)
if errLocal != nil {
return errLocal
}
parent, errLocal := dbFetchBlockByHeight(dbTx, 0)
if errLocal != nil {
return errLocal
}
for i := int64(1); i <= int64(best.height); i++ {
block, errLocal := dbFetchBlockByHeight(dbTx, i)
if errLocal != nil {
return errLocal
}
// If we need the tickets, fetch them too.
var newTickets []chainhash.Hash
if i >= chainParams.StakeEnabledHeight {
matureHeight := i - int64(chainParams.TicketMaturity)
matureBlock, errLocal := dbFetchBlockByHeight(dbTx, matureHeight)
if errLocal != nil {
return errLocal
}
for _, stx := range matureBlock.MsgBlock().STransactions {
if stake.IsSStx(stx) {
h := stx.TxHash()
newTickets = append(newTickets, h)
}
}
}
// Iteratively connect the stake nodes in memory.
header := block.MsgBlock().Header
hB, errLocal := header.Bytes()
if errLocal != nil {
return errLocal
}
bestStakeNode, errLocal = bestStakeNode.ConnectNode(
stake.CalcHash256PRNGIV(hB), ticketsVotedInBlock(block),
ticketsRevokedInBlock(block), newTickets)
if errLocal != nil {
return errLocal
}
// Write the top block stake node to the database.
errLocal = stake.WriteConnectedBestNode(dbTx, bestStakeNode,
best.hash)
if errLocal != nil {
return errLocal
}
progressLogger.LogBlockHeight(block.MsgBlock(), parent.MsgBlock())
parent = block
}
// Write the new database version.
dbInfo.version = 2
return dbPutDatabaseInfo(dbTx, dbInfo)
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
log.Infof("Upgrade to new stake database was successful!")
return nil
}
// migrateBlockIndex migrates all block entries from the v1 block index bucket
// manged by ffldb to the v2 bucket managed by this package. The v1 bucket
// stored all block entries keyed by block hash, whereas the v2 bucket stores
// them keyed by block height + hash. Also, the old block index only stored the
// header, while the new one stores all info needed to recreate block nodes.
//
// The new block index is guaranteed to be fully updated if this returns without
// failure.
func migrateBlockIndex(db database.DB, interrupt <-chan struct{}) error {
// blkHdrOffset defines the offsets into a v1 block index row for the block
// header.
//
// The serialized block index row format is:
// <blocklocation><blockheader>
const blkHdrOffset = 12
// blkHdrHeightStart is the offset of the height in the serialized block
// header bytes as it existed at the time of this migration. It is hard
// coded here so potential future changes do not affect old upgrades.
const blkHdrHeightStart = 128
// Hardcoded bucket names so updates to the global values do not affect old
// upgrades.
v1BucketName := []byte("ffldb-blockidx")
v2BucketName := []byte("blockidx")
hashIdxBucketName := []byte("hashidx")
log.Info("Reindexing block information in the database. This will take " +
"a while...")
start := time.Now()
// Create the new block index bucket as needed.
err := db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
_, err := dbTx.Metadata().CreateBucketIfNotExists(v2BucketName)
return err
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
// doBatch contains the primary logic for upgrading the block index from
// version 1 to 2 in batches. This is done because attempting to migrate in
// a single database transaction could result in massive memory usage and
// could potentially crash on many systems due to ulimits.
//
// It returns the number of entries processed.
const maxEntries = 20000
var resumeOffset uint32
doBatch := func(dbTx database.Tx) (uint32, error) {
meta := dbTx.Metadata()
v1BlockIdxBucket := meta.Bucket(v1BucketName)
if v1BlockIdxBucket == nil {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("bucket %s does not exist", v1BucketName)
}
v2BlockIdxBucket := meta.Bucket(v2BucketName)
if v2BlockIdxBucket == nil {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("bucket %s does not exist", v2BucketName)
}
hashIdxBucket := meta.Bucket(hashIdxBucketName)
if hashIdxBucket == nil {
return 0, fmt.Errorf("bucket %s does not exist", hashIdxBucketName)
}
// Migrate block index entries so long as the max number of entries for
// this batch has not been exceeded.
var numMigrated, numIterated uint32
err := v1BlockIdxBucket.ForEach(func(hashBytes, blockRow []byte) error {
if numMigrated >= maxEntries {
return errBatchFinished
}
// Skip entries that have already been migrated in previous batches.
numIterated++
if numIterated-1 < resumeOffset {
return nil
}
resumeOffset++
// Skip entries that have already been migrated in previous
// interrupted upgrades.
var blockHash chainhash.Hash
copy(blockHash[:], hashBytes)
endOffset := blkHdrOffset + blockHdrSize
headerBytes := blockRow[blkHdrOffset:endOffset:endOffset]
heightBytes := headerBytes[blkHdrHeightStart : blkHdrHeightStart+4]
height := binary.LittleEndian.Uint32(heightBytes)
key := blockIndexKey(&blockHash, height)
if v2BlockIdxBucket.Get(key) != nil {
return nil
}
// Load the raw full block from the database.
blockBytes, err := dbTx.FetchBlock(&blockHash)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Deserialize the block bytes.
var block wire.MsgBlock
err = block.Deserialize(bytes.NewReader(blockBytes))
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Mark the block as valid if it's part of the main chain. While it
// is possible side chain blocks were validated too, there was
// previously no tracking of that information, so there is no way to
// know for sure. It's better to be safe and just assume side chain
// blocks were never validated.
status := statusDataStored
if hashIdxBucket.Get(blockHash[:]) != nil {
status |= statusValid
}
// Write the serialized block index entry to the new bucket keyed by
// its hash and height.
ticketInfo := stake.FindSpentTicketsInBlock(&block)
serialized, err := serializeBlockIndexEntry(&blockIndexEntry{
header: block.Header,
status: status,
voteInfo: ticketInfo.Votes,
ticketsVoted: ticketInfo.VotedTickets,
ticketsRevoked: ticketInfo.RevokedTickets,
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
err = v2BlockIdxBucket.Put(key, serialized)
if err != nil {
return err
}
numMigrated++
if interruptRequested(interrupt) {
return errInterruptRequested
}
return nil
})
return numMigrated, err
}
// Migrate all entries in batches for the reasons mentioned above.
var totalMigrated uint64
for {
var numMigrated uint32
err := db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
var err error
numMigrated, err = doBatch(dbTx)
if err == errInterruptRequested || err == errBatchFinished {
// No error here so the database transaction is not cancelled
// and therefore outstanding work is written to disk. The
// outer function will exit with an interrupted error below due
// to another interrupted check.
err = nil
}
return err
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
if interruptRequested(interrupt) {
return errInterruptRequested
}
if numMigrated == 0 {
break
}
totalMigrated += uint64(numMigrated)
log.Infof("Migrated %d entries (%d total)", numMigrated, totalMigrated)
}
seconds := int64(time.Since(start) / time.Second)
log.Infof("Done upgrading block index. Total entries: %d in %d seconds",
totalMigrated, seconds)
return nil
}
// upgradeToVersion3 upgrades a version 2 blockchain to version 3 along with
// upgrading the block index to version 2.
func upgradeToVersion3(db database.DB, dbInfo *databaseInfo, interrupt <-chan struct{}) error {
if err := migrateBlockIndex(db, interrupt); err != nil {
return err
}
// Update and persist the updated database versions.
dbInfo.version = 3
dbInfo.bidxVer = 2
return db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
return dbPutDatabaseInfo(dbTx, dbInfo)
})
}
// removeMainChainIndex removes the main chain hash index and height index
// buckets. These are no longer needed due to using the full block index in
// memory.
//
// The database is guaranteed to be fully updated if this returns without
// failure.
func removeMainChainIndex(db database.DB, interrupt <-chan struct{}) error {
// Hardcoded bucket names so updates to the global values do not affect old
// upgrades.
hashIdxBucketName := []byte("hashidx")
heightIdxBucketName := []byte("heightidx")
log.Info("Removing unneeded indexes in the database...")
start := time.Now()
// Delete the main chain index buckets.
err := db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
// Delete the main chain hash to height index.
meta := dbTx.Metadata()
hashIdxBucket := meta.Bucket(hashIdxBucketName)
if hashIdxBucket != nil {
if err := meta.DeleteBucket(hashIdxBucketName); err != nil {
return err
}
log.Infof("Removed hash index.")
}
if interruptRequested(interrupt) {
// No error here so the database transaction is not cancelled
// and therefore outstanding work is written to disk. The
// outer function will exit with an interrupted error below due
// to another interrupted check.
return nil
}
// Delete the main chain hash to height index.
heightIdxBucket := meta.Bucket(heightIdxBucketName)
if heightIdxBucket != nil {
if err := meta.DeleteBucket(heightIdxBucketName); err != nil {
return err
}
log.Infof("Removed height index.")
}
return nil
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
if interruptRequested(interrupt) {
return errInterruptRequested
}
elapsed := time.Since(start).Round(time.Millisecond)
log.Infof("Done upgrading database in %v.", elapsed)
return nil
}
// upgradeToVersion4 upgrades a version 3 blockchain database to version 4.
func upgradeToVersion4(db database.DB, dbInfo *databaseInfo, interrupt <-chan struct{}) error {
if err := removeMainChainIndex(db, interrupt); err != nil {
return err
}
// Update and persist the updated database versions.
dbInfo.version = 4
return db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
return dbPutDatabaseInfo(dbTx, dbInfo)
})
}
// incrementalFlatDrop uses multiple database updates to remove key/value pairs
// saved to a flag bucket.
func incrementalFlatDrop(db database.DB, bucketKey []byte, humanName string, interrupt <-chan struct{}) error {
const maxDeletions = 2000000
var totalDeleted uint64
for numDeleted := maxDeletions; numDeleted == maxDeletions; {
numDeleted = 0
err := db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
bucket := dbTx.Metadata().Bucket(bucketKey)
cursor := bucket.Cursor()
for ok := cursor.First(); ok; ok = cursor.Next() &&
numDeleted < maxDeletions {
if err := cursor.Delete(); err != nil {
return err
}
numDeleted++
}
return nil
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
if numDeleted > 0 {
totalDeleted += uint64(numDeleted)
log.Infof("Deleted %d keys (%d total) from %s", numDeleted,
totalDeleted, humanName)
}
if interruptRequested(interrupt) {
return errInterruptRequested
}
}
return nil
}
// upgradeToVersion5 upgrades a version 4 blockchain database to version 5.
func upgradeToVersion5(db database.DB, chainParams *chaincfg.Params, dbInfo *databaseInfo, interrupt <-chan struct{}) error {
// Hardcoded bucket and key names so updates to the global values do not
// affect old upgrades.
utxoSetBucketName := []byte("utxoset")
spendJournalBucketName := []byte("spendjournal")
chainStateKeyName := []byte("chainstate")
v5ReindexTipKeyName := []byte("v5reindextip")
log.Info("Clearing database utxoset and spend journal for upgrade...")
start := time.Now()
// Clear the utxoset.
err := incrementalFlatDrop(db, utxoSetBucketName, "utxoset", interrupt)
if err != nil {
return err
}
log.Infof("Cleared utxoset.")
if interruptRequested(interrupt) {
return errInterruptRequested
}
// Clear the spend journal.
err = incrementalFlatDrop(db, spendJournalBucketName, "spend journal",
interrupt)
if err != nil {
return err
}
log.Infof("Cleared spend journal.")
if interruptRequested(interrupt) {
return errInterruptRequested
}
err = db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
// Reset the ticket database to the genesis block.
log.Infof("Resetting the ticket database. This might take a while...")
if err := stake.ResetDatabase(dbTx, chainParams, &chainParams.GenesisHash); err != nil {
return err
}
// Fetch the stored best chain state from the database metadata.
meta := dbTx.Metadata()
serializedData := meta.Get(chainStateKeyName)
best, err := deserializeBestChainState(serializedData)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Store the current best chain tip as the reindex target.
if err := meta.Put(v5ReindexTipKeyName, best.hash[:]); err != nil {
return err
}
// Reset the state related to the best block to the genesis block.
genesisBlock := chainParams.GenesisBlock
numTxns := uint64(len(genesisBlock.Transactions))
serializedData = serializeBestChainState(bestChainState{
hash: genesisBlock.BlockHash(),
height: 0,
totalTxns: numTxns,
totalSubsidy: 0,
workSum: CalcWork(genesisBlock.Header.Bits),
})
err = meta.Put(chainStateKeyName, serializedData)
if err != nil {
return err
}
// Update and persist the updated database versions.
dbInfo.version = 5
return dbPutDatabaseInfo(dbTx, dbInfo)
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
elapsed := time.Since(start).Round(time.Millisecond)
log.Infof("Done upgrading database in %v.", elapsed)
return nil
}
// maybeFinishV5Upgrade potentially reindexes the chain due to a version 5
// database upgrade. It will resume previously uncompleted attempts.
func (b *BlockChain) maybeFinishV5Upgrade() error {
// Nothing to do if the database is not version 5.
if b.dbInfo.version != 5 {
return nil
}
// Hardcoded key name so updates to the global values do not affect old
// upgrades.
v5ReindexTipKeyName := []byte("v5reindextip")
// Finish the version 5 reindex as needed.
var v5ReindexTipHash *chainhash.Hash
err := b.db.View(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
hash := dbTx.Metadata().Get(v5ReindexTipKeyName)
if hash != nil {
v5ReindexTipHash = new(chainhash.Hash)
copy(v5ReindexTipHash[:], hash)
}
return nil
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
if v5ReindexTipHash != nil {
// Look up the final target tip to reindex to in the block index.
targetTip := b.index.LookupNode(v5ReindexTipHash)
if targetTip == nil {
return AssertError(fmt.Sprintf("maybeFinishV5Upgrade: cannot find "+
"chain tip %s in block index", v5ReindexTipHash))
}
// Ensure all ancestors of the current best chain tip are marked as
// valid. This is necessary due to older software versions not marking
// nodes before the final checkpoint as valid.
for node := targetTip; node != nil; node = node.parent {
b.index.SetStatusFlags(node, statusValid)
}
if err := b.index.flush(); err != nil {
return err
}
// Disable notifications during the reindex.
ntfnCallback := b.notifications
b.notifications = nil
defer func() {
b.notifications = ntfnCallback
}()
tip := b.bestChain.Tip()
for tip != targetTip {
if interruptRequested(b.interrupt) {
return errInterruptRequested
}
// Limit to a reasonable number of blocks at a time.
const maxReindexBlocks = 250
intermediateTip := targetTip
if intermediateTip.height-tip.height > maxReindexBlocks {
intermediateTip = intermediateTip.Ancestor(tip.height +
maxReindexBlocks)
}
log.Infof("Reindexing to height %d of %d (progress %.2f%%)...",
intermediateTip.height, targetTip.height,
float64(intermediateTip.height)/float64(targetTip.height)*100)
b.chainLock.Lock()
if err := b.reorganizeChainInternal(intermediateTip); err != nil {
b.chainLock.Unlock()
return err
}
b.chainLock.Unlock()
tip = b.bestChain.Tip()
}
// Mark the v5 reindex as complete by removing the associated key.
err := b.db.Update(func(dbTx database.Tx) error {
return dbTx.Metadata().Delete(v5ReindexTipKeyName)
})
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}
// upgradeDB upgrades old database versions to the newest version by applying
// all possible upgrades iteratively.
//
// NOTE: The passed database info will be updated with the latest versions.
func upgradeDB(db database.DB, chainParams *chaincfg.Params, dbInfo *databaseInfo, interrupt <-chan struct{}) error {
if dbInfo.version == 1 {
if err := upgradeToVersion2(db, chainParams, dbInfo); err != nil {
return err
}
}
// Migrate to the new v2 block index format if needed. That database
// version was bumped because prior versions of the software did not have
// a block index version.
if dbInfo.version == 2 && dbInfo.bidxVer < 2 {
if err := upgradeToVersion3(db, dbInfo, interrupt); err != nil {
return err
}
}
// Remove the main chain index from the database if needed.
if dbInfo.version == 3 {
if err := upgradeToVersion4(db, dbInfo, interrupt); err != nil {
return err
}
}
// Clear the utxoset, clear the spend journal, reset the best chain back to
// the genesis block, and mark that a v5 reindex is required if needed.
if dbInfo.version == 4 {
err := upgradeToVersion5(db, chainParams, dbInfo, interrupt)
if err != nil {
return err
}
}
return nil
}