42. Python处理Excel一列变多列.ipynb

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  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Python处理Excel一列变多列"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 1. 读取数据"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 1,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 2,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df = pd.read_excel(\"./course_datas/c42_split_onecolumn_tomany/学生数据表.xlsx\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 3,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>学号</th>\n",
       "      <th>数据</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>S001</td>\n",
       "      <td>怠涵:女:23:山东</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>S002</td>\n",
       "      <td>婉清:女:25:河南</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>S003</td>\n",
       "      <td>溪榕:女:23:湖北</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>S004</td>\n",
       "      <td>漠涓:女:19:陕西</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>S005</td>\n",
       "      <td>祈博:女:24:山东</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     学号          数据\n",
       "0  S001  怠涵:女:23:山东\n",
       "1  S002  婉清:女:25:河南\n",
       "2  S003  溪榕:女:23:湖北\n",
       "3  S004  漠涓:女:19:陕西\n",
       "4  S005  祈博:女:24:山东"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 3,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 2. 实现拆分"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def split_func(line):\n",
    "    line[\"姓名\"], line[\"性别\"], line[\"年龄\"], line[\"城市\"] = line[\"数据\"].split(\":\")\n",
    "    return line\n",
    "\n",
    "df = df.apply(split_func, axis=1)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>学号</th>\n",
       "      <th>数据</th>\n",
       "      <th>姓名</th>\n",
       "      <th>性别</th>\n",
       "      <th>年龄</th>\n",
       "      <th>城市</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>S001</td>\n",
       "      <td>怠涵:女:23:山东</td>\n",
       "      <td>怠涵</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>山东</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>S002</td>\n",
       "      <td>婉清:女:25:河南</td>\n",
       "      <td>婉清</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>河南</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>S003</td>\n",
       "      <td>溪榕:女:23:湖北</td>\n",
       "      <td>溪榕</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>湖北</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>S004</td>\n",
       "      <td>漠涓:女:19:陕西</td>\n",
       "      <td>漠涓</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>陕西</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>S005</td>\n",
       "      <td>祈博:女:24:山东</td>\n",
       "      <td>祈博</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "      <td>山东</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     学号          数据  姓名 性别  年龄  城市\n",
       "0  S001  怠涵:女:23:山东  怠涵  女  23  山东\n",
       "1  S002  婉清:女:25:河南  婉清  女  25  河南\n",
       "2  S003  溪榕:女:23:湖北  溪榕  女  23  湖北\n",
       "3  S004  漠涓:女:19:陕西  漠涓  女  19  陕西\n",
       "4  S005  祈博:女:24:山东  祈博  女  24  山东"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 5,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df.drop([\"数据\"], axis=1, inplace=True)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<style scoped>\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
       "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
       "        vertical-align: top;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "\n",
       "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
       "        text-align: right;\n",
       "    }\n",
       "</style>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>学号</th>\n",
       "      <th>姓名</th>\n",
       "      <th>性别</th>\n",
       "      <th>年龄</th>\n",
       "      <th>城市</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>S001</td>\n",
       "      <td>怠涵</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>山东</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>S002</td>\n",
       "      <td>婉清</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>河南</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>S003</td>\n",
       "      <td>溪榕</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>湖北</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>S004</td>\n",
       "      <td>漠涓</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>19</td>\n",
       "      <td>陕西</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>S005</td>\n",
       "      <td>祈博</td>\n",
       "      <td>女</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "      <td>山东</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "     学号  姓名 性别  年龄  城市\n",
       "0  S001  怠涵  女  23  山东\n",
       "1  S002  婉清  女  25  河南\n",
       "2  S003  溪榕  女  23  湖北\n",
       "3  S004  漠涓  女  19  陕西\n",
       "4  S005  祈博  女  24  山东"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "df.head()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### 3. 输出到结果Excel"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "df.to_excel(\"./course_datas/c42_split_onecolumn_tomany/学生数据表_拆分后.xlsx\", index=False)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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