The following sub-grid scale parameterizations generally yield fluxes that act in the lateral direction.
Laplacian and bi-harmonic viscosities with linear and Smagorinsky options are implemented in MOM_hor_visc.
Lagrangian mean eddy mass transport is parameterized following :cite:`gent1990`, in MOM_thickness_diffuse.
The diffusivity coefficients are calculated in MOM_lateral_mixing_coeffs and MOM_thickness_diffuse and includes constants and the :cite:`visbeck1997` scaling.
A model of sub-grid scale Mesoscale Eddy Kinetic Energy (MEKE) is implement in MOM_MEKE and the associated diffusivity added in MOM_thickness_diffuse. See :cite:`jansen2015` and :cite:`marshall2010`.
:ref:`namespacemom__meke_1section_MEKE`
A parameterization of the upscale unresolved cascade utilizes MOM_MEKE and negative Laplacian viscosity in MOM_hor_visc.
Mixed layer restratification from :cite:`fox-kemper2008` and :cite:`fox-kemper2008-2` is implemented in MOM_mixed_layer_restrat.
See :ref:`Horizontal_Diffusion`.
Astronomical tidal forcings and self-attraction and loading are implement in MOM_tidal_forcing. Tides can also be added via an open boundary tidal specification, see [OBC wiki page](https://github.com/NOAA-GFDL/MOM6-examples/wiki/Open-Boundary-Conditions).