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bearoff.cpp
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bearoff.cpp
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/*
* bearoff.c
*
* by Joern Thyssen <jthyssen@dk.ibm.com>, 2002
*
* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
* it under the terms of version 3 or later of the GNU General Public License as
* published by the Free Software Foundation.
*
* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
* GNU General Public License for more details.
*
* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
* Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA
*
* $Id: bearoff.c,v 1.88 2011/02/02 18:38:29 c_anthon Exp $
*/
//#include "config.h"
/*must be first here because of strange warning from mingw*/
//#include "multithread.h"
//#include "backgammon.h"
#if HAVE_UNISTD_H
#include <unistd.h>
#endif
#include <stdio.h>
#include <memory.h>
#include "bearoff.h"
#include "bearoffgammon.h"
#include "positionid.h"
//#include <glib/gstdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <assert.h>
#define _USE_MATH_DEFINES
#include <math.h>
#define HEURISTIC_C 15
#define HEURISTIC_P 6
#include "BgBoard.h"
#include "BgEval.h"
#if !defined g_return_val_if_fail
#define g_return_val_if_fail(cond, ret) if(!(cond)) return (ret);
#endif
static int setGammonProb(const BgBoard * anBoard, unsigned int bp0, unsigned int bp1, float* g0, float* g1)
{
int i;
unsigned short int prob[32];
unsigned int tot0 = 0;
unsigned int tot1 = 0;
for(i = 5; i >= 0; --i) {
tot0 += anBoard->anBoard[0][i];
tot1 += anBoard->anBoard[1][i];
}
{ assert( tot0 == 15 || tot1 == 15 ); }
*g0 = 0.0;
*g1 = 0.0;
if( tot0 == 15 ) {
struct GammonProbs* gp = getBearoffGammonProbs(anBoard->anBoard[0]);
double make[3];
if (BearoffDist ( BgEval::Instance()->pbc1, bp1, NULL, NULL, NULL, prob, NULL ))
return -1;
make[0] = gp->p0/36.0;
make[1] = (make[0] + gp->p1/(36.0*36.0));
make[2] = (make[1] + gp->p2/(36.0*36.0*36.0));
*g1 = (float)((prob[1] / 65535.0) +
(1 - make[0]) * (prob[2] / 65535.0) +
(1 - make[1]) * (prob[3] / 65535.0) +
(1 - make[2]) * (prob[4] / 65535.0));
}
if( tot1 == 15 ) {
struct GammonProbs* gp = getBearoffGammonProbs(anBoard->anBoard[1]);
double make[3];
if (BearoffDist ( BgEval::Instance()->pbc1, bp0, NULL, NULL, NULL, prob, NULL ))
return -1;
make[0] = gp->p0/36.0;
make[1] = (make[0] + gp->p1/(36.0*36.0));
make[2] = (make[1] + gp->p2/(36.0*36.0*36.0));
*g0 = (float)((prob[1] / 65535.0) * (1-make[0]) + (prob[2]/65535.0) * (1-make[1])
+ (prob[3]/65535.0) * (1-make[2]));
}
return 0;
}
static void
AverageRolls(const float arProb[32], float *ar)
{
float sx;
float sx2;
int i;
sx = sx2 = 0.0f;
for (i = 1; i < 32; i++)
{
float p = i * arProb[i];
sx += p;
sx2 += i * p;
}
ar[ 0 ] = sx;
ar[ 1 ] = sqrtf(sx2 - sx *sx);
}
/* Make a plausible bearoff move (used to create approximate bearoff database). */
static unsigned int HeuristicBearoff( char anBoard[ 6 ], const unsigned int anRoll[ 2 ] )
{
unsigned int i, /* current die being played */
c, /* number of dice to play */
nMax, /* highest occupied point */
anDice[ 4 ],
j, iSearch, nTotal;
int n; /* point to play from */
if( anRoll[ 0 ] == anRoll[ 1 ] )
{
/* doubles */
anDice[ 0 ] = anDice[ 1 ] = anDice[ 2 ] = anDice[ 3 ] = anRoll[ 0 ];
c = 4;
}
else
{
/* non-doubles */
assert( anRoll[ 0 ] > anRoll[ 1 ] );
anDice[ 0 ] = anRoll[ 0 ];
anDice[ 1 ] = anRoll[ 1 ];
c = 2;
}
for( i = 0; i < c; i++ )
{
for( nMax = 5; nMax > 0; nMax-- )
{
if (anBoard[nMax])
break;
}
if( !anBoard[nMax] )
/* finished bearoff */
break;
do
{
if( anBoard[ anDice[ i ] - 1 ] )
{
/* bear off exactly */
n = (int)anDice[ i ] - 1;
break;
}
if( anDice[ i ] - 1 > nMax )
{
/* bear off highest chequer */
n = (int)nMax;
break;
}
nTotal = anDice[ i ] - 1;
for( j = i + 1; j < c; j++ )
{
nTotal += anDice[ j ];
if( nTotal < 6 && anBoard[ nTotal ] )
{
/* there's a chequer we can bear off with subsequent dice;
do it */
n = (int)nTotal;
break;
}
}
for( n = -1, iSearch = anDice[ i ]; iSearch <= nMax; iSearch++ )
{
if ( anBoard[ iSearch ] >= 2 && /* at least 2 on source point */
!anBoard[ iSearch - anDice[ i ] ] && /* dest empty */
( n == -1 || anBoard[ iSearch ] > anBoard[ n ] ) )
n = (int)iSearch;
}
if( n >= 0 )
break;
/* find the point with the most on it (or least on dest) */
for( iSearch = anDice[ i ]; iSearch <= nMax; iSearch++ )
if ( n == -1 || anBoard[ iSearch ] > anBoard[ n ] ||
( anBoard[ iSearch ] == anBoard[ n ] &&
anBoard[ iSearch - anDice[ i ] ] <
anBoard[ (unsigned int)n - anDice[ i ] ] ) )
n = (int)iSearch;
assert( n >= 0 );
} while(n < 0); /* Dummy loop to remove goto's */
assert( anBoard[ n ] );
anBoard[ n ]--;
if( n >= (int)anDice[ i ] )
anBoard[ n - (int)anDice[ i ] ]++;
}
return PositionId::PositionBearoff( anBoard, HEURISTIC_P, HEURISTIC_C );
}
static void GenerateBearoff( unsigned char *p, unsigned int nId )
{
unsigned int anRoll[ 2 ], aProb[ 32 ];
char anBoard[ 6 ];
unsigned int i, iBest;
unsigned short us;
for( i = 0; i < 32; i++ )
aProb[ i ] = 0;
for( anRoll[ 0 ] = 1; anRoll[ 0 ] <= 6; anRoll[ 0 ]++ )
for( anRoll[ 1 ] = 1; anRoll[ 1 ] <= anRoll[ 0 ]; anRoll[ 1 ]++ )
{
PositionId::PositionFromBearoff( anBoard, nId, HEURISTIC_P, HEURISTIC_C );
iBest = HeuristicBearoff( anBoard, anRoll );
assert( iBest < nId );
if( anRoll[ 0 ] == anRoll[ 1 ] )
for( i = 0; i < 31; i++ )
aProb[ i + 1 ] += p[ ( iBest << 6 ) | ( i << 1 ) ] +
( p[ ( iBest << 6 ) | ( i << 1 ) | 1 ] << 8 );
else
for( i = 0; i < 31; i++ )
aProb[ i + 1 ] += ( p[ ( iBest << 6 ) | ( i << 1 ) ] +
( (unsigned int)p[ ( iBest << 6 ) | ( i << 1 ) | 1 ] << 8 ) ) << 1;
}
for( i = 0; i < 32; i++ )
{
us = (unsigned short)(( aProb[ i ] + 18 ) / 36);
p[ ( nId << 6 ) | ( i << 1 ) ] = us & 0xFF;
p[ ( nId << 6 ) | ( i << 1 ) | 1 ] = us >> 8;
}
}
static unsigned char *HeuristicDatabase( void (*pfProgress)(unsigned int) )
{
unsigned char *pm = (unsigned char *)malloc( 40 + 54264 * 64 );
unsigned char *p;
unsigned int i;
if (!pm)
return NULL;
p = pm + 40;
p[ 0 ] = p[ 1 ] = 0xFF;
for( i = 2; i < 64; i++ )
p[ i ] = 0;
for( i = 1; i < 54264; i++ )
{
GenerateBearoff( p, i );
if( pfProgress && !( i % 1000 ) )
pfProgress( i );
}
return pm;
}
static void ReadBearoffFile(const bearoffcontext *pbc, unsigned int offset, unsigned char *buf, unsigned int nBytes)
{
if ((fseek(pbc->pf, (long)offset, SEEK_SET ) < 0) || (fread(buf, 1, nBytes, pbc->pf ) < nBytes))
{
if (errno)
perror("OS bearoff database");
else
fprintf(stderr, "error reading OS bearoff database");
memset(buf, 0, nBytes);
return;
}
}
/* BEAROFF_GNUBG: read two sided bearoff database */
static void ReadTwoSidedBearoff ( const bearoffcontext *pbc,
const unsigned int iPos,
float ar[ 4 ], unsigned short int aus[ 4 ] )
{
unsigned int i, k = ( pbc->fCubeful ) ? 4 : 1;
unsigned char ac[ 8 ];
unsigned char *pc = NULL;
unsigned short int us;
if (pbc->p)
pc = pbc->p + 40 + 2 * iPos * k;
else
{
ReadBearoffFile(pbc, 40 + 2 * iPos * k, ac, k * 2);
pc = ac;
}
/* add to cache */
for ( i = 0; i < k; ++i )
{
us = pc[ 2 * i ] | ( pc[ 2 * i + 1 ] ) << 8;
if ( aus )
aus[ i ] = us;
if ( ar )
ar[ i ] = us / 32767.5f - 1.0f;
}
++((bearoffcontext *)pbc)->nReads; /* nReads only used for stats info */
}
extern int BearoffCubeful(const bearoffcontext * pbc, const unsigned int iPos, float ar[4], unsigned short int aus[4])
{
g_return_val_if_fail(pbc, -1);
g_return_val_if_fail(pbc->fCubeful, -1);
ReadTwoSidedBearoff(pbc, iPos, ar, aus);
return 0;
}
static int
BearoffEvalTwoSided ( const bearoffcontext *pbc, const BgBoard * anBoard, BgReward& arOutput )
{
unsigned int nUs = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 1 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int nThem = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 0 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int n = PositionId::Combination ( pbc->nPoints + pbc->nChequers, pbc->nPoints );
unsigned int iPos = nUs * n + nThem;
float ar[ 4 ];
ReadTwoSidedBearoff ( pbc, iPos, ar, NULL );
arOutput.reset();
arOutput[ OUTPUT_WIN ] = ar[ 0 ] / 2.0f + 0.5f;
return 0;
}
static int
ReadHypergammon( const bearoffcontext *pbc,
const unsigned int iPos,
BgReward& arOutput,
float arEquity[ 4 ] )
{
unsigned char ac[ 28 ];
unsigned char *pc = NULL;
unsigned int us;
int i;
const int x = 28;
if (pbc->p)
pc = pbc->p + 40 + x * iPos;
else
{
ReadBearoffFile(pbc, 40 + x * iPos, ac, x);
pc = ac;
}
//if ( arOutput )
for ( i = 0; i < NUM_OUTPUTS; ++i )
{
us = pc[ 3 * i ] | ( pc[ 3 * i + 1 ] ) << 8 | ( pc[ 3 * i + 2 ] ) << 16;
arOutput[ i ] = us / 16777215.0f;
}
if ( arEquity )
for ( i = 0; i < 4; ++i )
{
us = pc[ 15 + 3 * i ] |
( pc[ 15 + 3 * i + 1 ] ) << 8 |
( pc[ 15 + 3 * i + 2 ] ) << 16;
arEquity[ i ] = ( us / 16777215.0f - 0.5f ) * 6.0f;
}
++((bearoffcontext *)pbc)->nReads; // nReads only used for stats info
return 0;
}
static int BearoffEvalOneSided ( const bearoffcontext *pbc, const BgBoard *anBoard, BgReward& arOutput )
{
int i, j;
float aarProb[ 2 ][ 32 ];
float aarGammonProb[ 2 ][ 32 ];
float r;
unsigned int anOn[ 2 ];
unsigned int an[ 2 ];
float ar[ 2 ][ 4 ];
// get bearoff probabilities
for ( i = 0; i < 2; ++i )
{
an[ i ] = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ i ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
if ( BearoffDist ( pbc, an[ i ], aarProb[ i ],
aarGammonProb[ i ], ar [ i ], NULL, NULL ) )
return -1;
}
// calculate winning chance
r = 0.0;
for ( i = 0; i < 32; ++i )
for ( j = i; j < 32; ++j )
r += aarProb[ 1 ][ i ] * aarProb[ 0 ][ j ];
arOutput[ OUTPUT_WIN ] = r;
// calculate gammon chances
for ( i = 0; i < 2; ++i )
for ( j = 0, anOn[ i ] = 0; j < 25; ++j )
anOn[ i ] += anBoard->anBoard[ i ][ j ];
if ( anOn[ 0 ] == 15 || anOn[ 1 ] == 15 )
{
if ( pbc->fGammon )
{
// my gammon chance: I'm out in i rolls and my opponent isn't inside
//home quadrant in less than i rolls
r = 0;
for( i = 0; i < 32; i++ )
for( j = i; j < 32; j++ )
r += aarProb[ 1 ][ i ] * aarGammonProb[ 0 ][ j ];
arOutput[ OUTPUT_WINGAMMON ] = r;
// opp gammon chance
r = 0;
for( i = 0; i < 32; i++ )
for( j = i + 1; j < 32; j++ )
r += aarProb[ 0 ][ i ] * aarGammonProb[ 1 ][ j ];
arOutput[ OUTPUT_LOSEGAMMON ] = r;
}
else
{
if (setGammonProb(anBoard, an[ 0 ], an[ 1 ],
&arOutput[ OUTPUT_LOSEGAMMON ],
&arOutput[ OUTPUT_WINGAMMON ] ))
return -1;
}
}
else
{
// no gammons possible
arOutput[ OUTPUT_WINGAMMON ] = 0.0f;
arOutput[ OUTPUT_LOSEGAMMON ] = 0.0f;
}
// no backgammons possible
arOutput[ OUTPUT_LOSEBACKGAMMON ] = 0.0f;
arOutput[ OUTPUT_WINBACKGAMMON ] = 0.0f;
return 0;
}
extern int
BearoffHyper( const bearoffcontext *pbc,
const unsigned int iPos,
BgReward& arOutput, float arEquity[] )
{
return ReadHypergammon( pbc, iPos, arOutput, arEquity );
}
static int
BearoffEvalHypergammon ( const bearoffcontext *pbc,
const BgBoard * anBoard, BgReward& arOutput )
{
unsigned int nUs = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 1 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int nThem = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 0 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int n = PositionId::Combination ( pbc->nPoints + pbc->nChequers, pbc->nPoints );
unsigned int iPos = nUs * n + nThem;
return ReadHypergammon ( pbc, iPos, arOutput, NULL );
}
int BearoffEval(const bearoffcontext * pbc, const BgBoard * anBoard, BgReward& arOutput)
{
if(!pbc) return 0;
switch (pbc->bt)
{
case BEAROFF_TWOSIDED:
return BearoffEvalTwoSided(pbc, anBoard, arOutput);
case BEAROFF_ONESIDED:
return BearoffEvalOneSided(pbc, anBoard, arOutput);
case BEAROFF_HYPERGAMMON:
return BearoffEvalHypergammon(pbc, anBoard, arOutput);
case BEAROFF_INVALID:
default:
perror("Invalid type in BearoffEval");
return 0;
}
}
extern void BearoffStatus(const bearoffcontext *pbc, char *sz)
{
char buf[256];
if (!pbc || (pbc->bt != BEAROFF_TWOSIDED && pbc->bt != BEAROFF_ONESIDED && pbc->bt != BEAROFF_HYPERGAMMON))
return;
/* Title */
if (pbc->bt == BEAROFF_HYPERGAMMON)
{
if (pbc->p)
sprintf(buf, ("In memory 2-sided exact %d-chequer Hypergammon database evaluator"), pbc->nChequers);
else
sprintf(buf, ("On disk 2-sided exact %d-chequer Hypergammon database evaluator"), pbc->nChequers);
}
else
{
if (pbc->p)
sprintf(buf, ("In memory %d-sided bearoff database evaluator"), pbc->bt);
else
sprintf(buf, ("On disk %d-sided bearoff database evaluator"), pbc->bt);
}
sz += sprintf(sz, " * %s\n", buf);
sz += sprintf(sz, " - %s\n", ("generated by GNU Backgammon"));
sprintf(buf, ("up to %d chequers on %d points (%d positions) per player"), pbc->nChequers, pbc->nPoints, PositionId::Combination(pbc->nChequers + pbc->nPoints, pbc->nPoints));
sz += sprintf(sz, " - %s\n", buf);
switch (pbc->bt)
{
case BEAROFF_TWOSIDED:
sz += sprintf(sz, " - %s\n", pbc->fCubeful
? ("database includes both cubeful and cubeless equities")
: ("cubeless database"));
break;
case BEAROFF_ONESIDED:
if (pbc->fND)
sz += sprintf(sz, " - %s\n", ("distributions are approximated with a normal distribution"));
if (pbc->fHeuristic)
sz += sprintf(sz, " - %s\n", ("with heuristic moves"));
sz += sprintf(sz, " - %s\n", pbc->fGammon
? ("database includes gammon distributions")
: ("database does not include gammon distributions"));
break;
case BEAROFF_HYPERGAMMON:
case BEAROFF_INVALID:
default:
break;
}
sprintf(buf, ("number of reads: %lu"), pbc->nReads);
sprintf(sz, " - %s\n", buf);
}
static int BearoffDumpTwoSided ( const bearoffcontext *pbc, const BgBoard * anBoard, char *sz )
{
unsigned int nUs = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 1 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int nThem = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 0 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int n = PositionId::Combination ( pbc->nPoints + pbc->nChequers, pbc->nPoints );
unsigned int iPos = nUs * n + nThem;
float ar[ 4 ];
unsigned int i;
const char *aszEquity[] = {
("Cubeless equity"),
("Owned cube"),
("Centered cube"),
("Opponent owns cube")
};
sprintf ( sz + strlen(sz), "%19s %14s\n%s %12d %12d\n\n",
("Player"), ("Opponent"), ("Position"), nUs, nThem);
ReadTwoSidedBearoff ( pbc, iPos, ar, NULL );
if ( pbc->fCubeful )
for ( i = 0; i < 4 ; ++i )
sprintf ( sz + strlen(sz),
"%-30.30s: %+7.4f\n",
( aszEquity[ i ] ), ar[ i ] );
else
sprintf ( sz + strlen(sz),
"%-30.30s: %+7.4f\n",
( aszEquity[ 0 ] ), 2.0 * ar[ 0 ] - 1.0f );
strcat ( sz, "\n" );
return 0;
}
static int BearoffDumpOneSided ( const bearoffcontext *pbc, const BgBoard *anBoard, char *sz )
{
unsigned int nUs = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 1 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int nThem = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 0 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
float ar[ 2 ][ 4 ];
unsigned int i;
float aarProb[ 2 ][ 32 ], aarGammonProb[ 2 ][ 32 ];
bool f0, f1, f2, f3;
unsigned int anPips[ 2 ];
const float x = ( 2 * 3 + 3 * 4 + 4 * 5 + 4 * 6 + 6 * 7 +
5* 8 + 4 * 9 + 2 * 10 + 2 * 11 + 1 * 12 +
1 * 16 + 1 * 20 + 1 * 24 ) / 36.0f;
if ( BearoffDist ( pbc, nUs, aarProb[ 0 ], aarGammonProb[ 0 ], ar[ 0 ],
NULL, NULL ) )
return -1;
if ( BearoffDist ( pbc, nThem, aarProb[ 1 ], aarGammonProb[ 1 ], ar[ 1 ],
NULL, NULL ) )
return -1;
sz += sprintf(sz, "%19s %14s\n%s %12d %12d\n\n",
("Player"), ("Opponent"), ("Position"), nUs, nThem);
sz += sprintf(sz, "%s \t\t\t\t%s\n", ("Bearing off"), ("Bearing at least one chequer off"));
sz += sprintf(sz, "%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", ("Rolls"),
("Player"), ("Opponent"), ("Player"), ("Opponent") );
f0 = f1 = f2 = f3 = false;
for( i = 0; i < 32; i++ ) {
if( aarProb[ 0 ][ i ] > 0.0f )
f0 = true;
if( aarProb[ 1 ][ i ] > 0.0f )
f1 = true;
if( aarGammonProb[ 0 ][ i ] > 0.0f )
f2 = true;
if( aarGammonProb[ 1 ][ i ] > 0.0f )
f3 = true;
if( f0 || f1 || f2 || f3 ) {
if( f0 && f1 && ( ( f2 && f3 ) || ! pbc->fGammon ) &&
aarProb[ 0 ][ i ] == 0.0f && aarProb[ 1 ][ i ] == 0.0f &&
( ( aarGammonProb[ 0 ][ i ] == 0.0f &&
aarGammonProb[ 1 ][ i ] == 0.0f ) || ! pbc->fGammon ) )
break;
sprintf( sz = sz + strlen(sz),
"%5d\t%7.3f\t%7.3f" "\t\t",
i,
aarProb[ 0 ][ i ] * 100.0f,
aarProb[ 1 ][ i ] * 100.0f );
if ( pbc->fGammon )
sprintf ( sz = sz + strlen(sz),
"%7.3f\t%7.3f\n",
aarGammonProb[ 0 ][ i ] * 100.0f,
aarGammonProb[ 1 ][ i ] * 100.0f );
else
sprintf ( sz = sz + strlen(sz),
"%-7.7s\t%-7.7s\n",
("n/a"), ("n/a") );
}
}
sz += sprintf(sz, "\n%s\n", ("Average rolls"));
sz += sprintf(sz, "%s\t\t\t\t%s\n", ("Bearing off"), ("Saving gammon"));
sz += sprintf(sz, "\t%s\t%s\t%s\t%s\n", ("Player"), ("Opponent"), ("Player"), ("Opponent"));
/* mean rolls */
sz += sprintf(sz, "%s\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t\t", ("Mean"), ar[ 0 ][ 0 ], ar[ 1 ][ 0 ]);
if ( pbc->fGammon )
sz += sprintf(sz,
"%7.3f\t%7.3f\n",
ar[ 0 ][ 2 ], ar[ 1 ][ 2 ] );
else
sz += sprintf(sz,
"%-7.7s\t%-7.7s\n",
("n/a"), ("n/a" ) );
/* std. dev */
sz += sprintf(sz, "%s\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\t\t", ("Std dev"),
ar[ 0 ][ 1 ], ar[ 1 ][ 1 ] );
if ( pbc->fGammon )
sz += sprintf(sz,
"%7.3f\t%7.3f\n",
ar[ 0 ][ 3 ], ar[ 1 ][ 3 ] );
else
sz += sprintf(sz,
"%-7.7s\t%-7.7s\n",
("n/a"), ("n/a" ) );
// effective pip count
anBoard->PipCount( anPips );
sz += sprintf(sz, "\n%s:\n", ("Effective pip count") );
sz += sprintf(sz, "\t%s\t%s\n", ("Player"), ("Opponent"));
sz += sprintf(sz, "%s\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\n%s\t%7.3f\t%7.3f\n\n", ("EPC"),
ar[ 0 ][ 0 ] * x, ar[ 1 ][ 0 ] * x,
("Wastage"),
ar[ 0 ][ 0 ] * x - anPips[ 1 ],
ar[ 1 ][ 0 ] * x - anPips[ 0 ] );
sz += sprintf(sz, "%s = %5.3f * %s\n%s = %s - %s\n\n",
("EPC"), x, ("Average rolls"), ("Wastage"), ("EPC"), ("pips"));
return 0;
}
static int BearoffDumpHyper( const bearoffcontext *pbc, const BgBoard * anBoard, char *sz )
{
unsigned int nUs = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 1 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int nThem = PositionId::PositionBearoff ( anBoard->anBoard[ 0 ], pbc->nPoints, pbc->nChequers );
unsigned int n = PositionId::Combination ( pbc->nPoints + pbc->nChequers, pbc->nPoints );
unsigned int iPos = nUs * n + nThem;
float ar[ 4 ];
unsigned int i;
const char *aszEquity[] = {
("Owned cube"),
("Centered cube"),
("Centered cube (Jacoby rule)"),
("Opponent owns cube")
};
BgReward r;
if ( BearoffHyper ( pbc, iPos, r, ar ) )
return -1;
sprintf ( sz + strlen(sz), "%19s %14s\n%s %12d %12d\n\n",
("Player"), ("Opponent"), ("Position"), nUs, nThem);
for ( i = 0; i < 4 ; ++i )
sprintf ( sz + strlen(sz),
"%-30.30s: %+7.4f\n",
( aszEquity[ i ] ), ar[ i ] );
return 0;
}
extern int BearoffDump(const bearoffcontext * pbc, const BgBoard * anBoard, char *sz)
{
if(!pbc) return -1;
switch (pbc->bt) {
case BEAROFF_TWOSIDED:
return BearoffDumpTwoSided(pbc, anBoard, sz);
case BEAROFF_ONESIDED:
return BearoffDumpOneSided(pbc, anBoard, sz);
case BEAROFF_HYPERGAMMON:
return BearoffDumpHyper(pbc, anBoard, sz);
case BEAROFF_INVALID:
default:
perror("Invalid type in BearoffDump");
return -1;
}
}
extern void BearoffClose(bearoffcontext * pbc)
{
if (!pbc)
return;
if (pbc->pf)
fclose(pbc->pf);
if (pbc->map.is_open())
{
pbc->map.close();
pbc->p = NULL;
}
if (pbc->p)
free(pbc->p);
if (pbc->szFilename)
free(pbc->szFilename);
delete pbc;
}
static unsigned char *ReadIntoMemory ( bearoffcontext *pbc )
{
pbc->map.open(pbc->szFilename);
if (!pbc->map.is_open())
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s: Failed to map bearoffdatabase\n", pbc->szFilename);
return NULL;
}
pbc->p = (unsigned char *)pbc->map.data();
return pbc->p;
}
/*
* Check whether this is a exact bearoff file
*
* The first long must be 73457356
* The second long must be 100
*
*/
static unsigned int MakeInt(unsigned char a, unsigned char b, unsigned char c, unsigned char d)
{
return (a | (unsigned char)b << 8 | (unsigned char)c << 16 | (unsigned char)d << 24);
}
static void InvalidDb(bearoffcontext *pbc)
{
if (errno)
{
const char *fn = pbc->szFilename ? pbc->szFilename : "";
fprintf(stderr, "%s(%s): %s\n", ("Bearoff Database"), fn, strerror(errno));
}
BearoffClose(pbc);
}
/*
* Initialise bearoff database
*
* Input:
* szFilename: the filename of the database to open
*
* Returns:
* pointer to bearoff context on succes; NULL on error
*
* Garbage collect:
* caller must free returned pointer if not NULL.
*
*/
extern bearoffcontext *BearoffInit(const char *szFilename, const int bo, void (*p) (unsigned int))
{
bearoffcontext *pbc;
char sz[41];
pbc = new bearoffcontext;
if (bo & (int) BO_HEURISTIC)
{
pbc->bt = BEAROFF_ONESIDED;
pbc->nPoints = HEURISTIC_P;
pbc->nChequers = HEURISTIC_C;
pbc->fHeuristic = true;
pbc->p = HeuristicDatabase(p);
return pbc;
}
errno = 0;
if (!szFilename || !*szFilename) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", ("No database filename provided"));
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
pbc->szFilename = _strdup(szFilename);
fs::path path(szFilename);
if (!path.has_filename())
{
// fail silently
errno = 0;
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
if ((pbc->pf = fopen(szFilename, "rb")) == 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", ("Invalid or nonexistent database"));
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
/*
* Read header bearoff file
*/
/* read header */
if (fread(sz, 1, 40, pbc->pf) < 40) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", ("Database read failed"));
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
/* detect bearoff program */
if (strncmp(sz, "gnubg", 5) != 0) {
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", ("Unknown bearoff database"));
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
/* one sided or two sided? */
if (!strncmp(sz + 6, "TS", 2))
pbc->bt = BEAROFF_TWOSIDED;
else if (!strncmp(sz + 6, "OS", 2))
pbc->bt = BEAROFF_ONESIDED;
else if (*(sz + 6) == 'H')
pbc->bt = BEAROFF_HYPERGAMMON;
else {
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n (%s: '%2s')\n", szFilename, ("incomplete bearoff database"), ("illegal bearoff type"), sz + 6);
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
if (pbc->bt == BEAROFF_TWOSIDED || pbc->bt == BEAROFF_ONESIDED)
{
/* normal onesided or twosided bearoff database */
/* number of points */
pbc->nPoints = (unsigned) atoi(sz + 9);
if (pbc->nPoints < 1 || pbc->nPoints >= 24)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n (%s: %d)\n", szFilename, ("incomplete bearoff database"),
("illegal number of points"), pbc->nPoints);
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
/* number of chequers */
pbc->nChequers = (unsigned) atoi(sz + 12);
if (pbc->nChequers < 1 || pbc->nChequers > 15)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s: %s\n (%s: %d)", szFilename, ("incomplete bearoff database"),
("illegal number of chequers"), pbc->nChequers);
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
}
else
{
/* hypergammon database */
pbc->nPoints = 25;
pbc->nChequers = (unsigned) atoi(sz + 7);
}
switch (pbc->bt) {
case BEAROFF_TWOSIDED:
/* options for two-sided dbs */
pbc->fCubeful = atoi(sz + 15);
break;
case BEAROFF_ONESIDED:
/* options for one-sided dbs */
pbc->fGammon = atoi(sz + 15);
pbc->fCompressed = atoi(sz + 17);
pbc->fND = atoi(sz + 19);
break;
case BEAROFF_HYPERGAMMON:
case BEAROFF_INVALID:
default:
break;
}
/*
* read database into memory if requested
*/
if (bo & (int) BO_IN_MEMORY)
{
fclose(pbc->pf);
pbc->pf = NULL;
if ((ReadIntoMemory(pbc) == NULL))
{
if ((pbc->pf = fopen(szFilename, "rb")) == 0)
{
fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", ("Invalid or nonexistent database"));
InvalidDb(pbc);
return NULL;
}
}
}
return pbc;
}
extern float
fnd ( const float x, const float mu, const float sigma ) {
const float epsilon = 1.0e-7f;
if ( sigma <= epsilon )
/* dirac delta function */