feat(cdk/overlay): cdkConnectedOverlay should allow passing in context

[princemaple]

Feature Description

cdkConnectedOverlay should allow passing in context to customize the given template.
It's already using TemplatePortal which accepts a context. It should just be a matter of adding an extra Input().

Use Case

So the template doesn't have to be a static template.
You can render dynamic data that will only become available at runtime.

[princemaple]

The template has access to the host component's properties.. no need to pass anything in.

[angular-automatic-lock-bot]

This issue has been automatically locked due to inactivity.
Please file a new issue if you are encountering a similar or related problem.

Read more about our automatic conversation locking policy.

_{This action has been performed automatically by a bot.}