[Format] Fixed shape Tensor as a canonical extension type

[AlenkaF]

Describe the enhancement requested

Umbrella ticket for adding support for a column in an Arrow table that has values cells each containing a tensor value, with all tensors having the same shape/dimensions.

Initial discussion mostly happened in the C++ issue: #15483 / ARROW-1614

We propose to add a canonical extension type for tensors and this umbrella issue is including the draft for the specification plus the implementations (C++ , PyArrow - as an example or as an implementation in the codebase).

• [Docs] Tensor canonical extension type specification #33923
• [C++] Add a Tensor logical value type with constant shape, implemented using ExtensionType #15483
• [Python][Docs] Tensor canonical type extension example #33947