refactor(android): Ti.Filesystem external storage handling

[jquick-axway]

JIRA:

• https://jira.appcelerator.org/browse/TIMOB-28231
• https://jira.appcelerator.org/browse/TIMOB-28230
• https://jira.appcelerator.org/browse/TIMOB-28182

Summary:

• TIMOB-28231 Changed Ti.Filesystem.externalStorageDirectory to use scoped storage.
  • Only directory location is not accessible when targeting and running on Android 11.
  • Changed to a new location which does not require WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission.
• TIMOB-28230 Added property Ti.Filesystem.externalCacheDirectory.
  • Intended to store large temporary files.
• TIMOB-28182 Modified build system to only add WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission when needed.
  • Only adds permission if using API: Ti.Fileystem.requestStoragePermission(), Ti.Media.showCamera(), Ti.Media.saveToPhotoGallery().
• Added new TiMockFile Java class for handling inaccessible/invalid file URLs.
  • Handles case where we can't fetch external storage path if volume is not mounted. (Natively returns null.)
  • This way Ti.Filesystem.getFile() no longer returns null and instead returns a file object which no-ops.

---

API Test:

1. Build and run FileExternalTest.js attached to TIMOB-28231 on Android.
2. Tap on the "Write" button.
3. Verify the below is shown on screen.
   External Storage File
Write Time: <CurrentTime>
External Cache File
Write Time: <CurrentTime>
4. Tap on the "Back" button.
5. Re-launch the app.
6. Verify the above 4 lines of text are shown.
7. Tap on the "Back" button.
8. Go to: Setting -> Apps -> App Info -> [AppName] -> Storage
9. Tap on the Clear Cacher button.
10. Re-launch the app.
11. Verify only 2 lines are shown. The "External Cache File" text should NOT be shown.
    External Storage File
Write Time: <CurrentTime>
12. Tap on the "Delete" button. (Will delete external storage files.)
13. Back out of the app.
14. Re-launch the app.
15. Verify no text is shown.

---

General Permission Test:

1. Build FileExternalTest.js attached to TIMOB-28231 for Android.
2. Open file under: ./build/android/app/intermediates/merged_manifests/debug/AndroidManifest.xml
3. Verify the file does NOT contain the WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE permission.
4. Add the below permission to your "tiapp.xml" file.
5. Build for Android.
6. Verify "AndroidManifest.xml" file does contain the added permission.

<ti:app>
	<android>
		<manifest>
			<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>
		</manifest>
	</android>
</ti:app>

---

requestStoragePermissions() Test:

1. Build and run RequestStoragePermissionsTest.js attached to TIMOB-28182 on Android.
2. Tap on the "Request Storage Permission" button.
3. Verify a permission request dialog is shown.
4. Tap on the "Allow" button.
5. Verify the onscreen "hasPermissions:" label is set true.
6. Open file under: ./build/android/app/intermediates/merged_manifests/debug/AndroidManifest.xml
7. Verify the file contains the following line.
   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

---

saveToPhotoGallery() Test:

1. Build and run ImageToGalleryTest.js attached to TIMOB-28182 on Android 10 or 11.
2. Tap on the "Save Screenshot to Gallery" button.
3. A permission request dialog will only appear on Android 9 and older.
4. Go to the Photos gallery app.
5. Verify a screenshot of the app is in the gallery.
6. Open file under: ./build/android/app/intermediates/merged_manifests/debug/AndroidManifest.xml
7. Verify the file contains the following. (Notice the maxSdkVersion part.)
   <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE" android:maxSdkVersion="28"/>
8. Repeat steps 1-5 on Android 9 or older.

---

showCamera() Test:

1. Build and run CameraPhotoExternalTest.js attached to TIMOB-28182 on Android 10 or 11.
2. Tap on the "Take Picture" button.
3. A permission request dialog will only appear on Android 9 and older.
4. Take a photo.
5. Verify the photo is shown in your app.
6. Repeat steps 1-5 on Android 9 or older.

[build]

	Messages
📖	💾 Here's the generated SDK zipfile.
📖	✊ The commits in this PR match our conventions! Feel free to Rebase and Merge this PR when ready.
📖	✅ All tests are passing Nice one! All 13468 tests are passing. (There are 979 skipped tests not included in that total)

Generated by 🚫 dangerJS against 46c698b

[garymathews]

CR: PASS

[lokeshchdhry]

FR Passed.