GNUmakefile

#
# This makefile system follows the structuring conventions
# recommended by Peter Miller in his excellent paper:
#
#	Recursive Make Considered Harmful
#	http://aegis.sourceforge.net/auug97.pdf
#
OBJDIR := obj

# Run 'make V=1' to turn on verbose commands, or 'make V=0' to turn them off.
ifeq ($(V),1)
override V =
endif
ifeq ($(V),0)
override V = @
endif

-include conf/lab.mk

-include conf/env.mk

LABSETUP ?= ./

TOP = .

# Cross-compiler jos toolchain
#
# This Makefile will automatically use the cross-compiler toolchain
# installed as 'i386-jos-elf-*', if one exists.  If the host tools ('gcc',
# 'objdump', and so forth) compile for a 32-bit x86 ELF target, that will
# be detected as well.  If you have the right compiler toolchain installed
# using a different name, set GCCPREFIX explicitly in conf/env.mk

# try to infer the correct GCCPREFIX
ifndef GCCPREFIX
GCCPREFIX := $(shell if i386-jos-elf-objdump -i 2>&1 | grep '^elf32-i386$$' >/dev/null 2>&1; \
	then echo 'i386-jos-elf-'; \
	elif objdump -i 2>&1 | grep 'elf32-i386' >/dev/null 2>&1; \
	then echo ''; \
	else echo "***" 1>&2; \
	echo "*** Error: Couldn't find an i386-*-elf version of GCC/binutils." 1>&2; \
	echo "*** Is the directory with i386-jos-elf-gcc in your PATH?" 1>&2; \
	echo "*** If your i386-*-elf toolchain is installed with a command" 1>&2; \
	echo "*** prefix other than 'i386-jos-elf-', set your GCCPREFIX" 1>&2; \
	echo "*** environment variable to that prefix and run 'make' again." 1>&2; \
	echo "*** To turn off this error, run 'gmake GCCPREFIX= ...'." 1>&2; \
	echo "***" 1>&2; exit 1; fi)
endif

# try to infer the correct QEMU
ifndef QEMU
QEMU := $(shell if which qemu >/dev/null 2>&1; \
	then echo qemu; exit; \
        elif which qemu-system-i386 >/dev/null 2>&1; \
        then echo qemu-system-i386; exit; \
	else \
	qemu=/Applications/Q.app/Contents/MacOS/i386-softmmu.app/Contents/MacOS/i386-softmmu; \
	if test -x $$qemu; then echo $$qemu; exit; fi; fi; \
	echo "***" 1>&2; \
	echo "*** Error: Couldn't find a working QEMU executable." 1>&2; \
	echo "*** Is the directory containing the qemu binary in your PATH" 1>&2; \
	echo "*** or have you tried setting the QEMU variable in conf/env.mk?" 1>&2; \
	echo "***" 1>&2; exit 1)
endif

# try to generate a unique GDB port
GDBPORT	:= $(shell expr `id -u` % 5000 + 25000)

CC	:= $(GCCPREFIX)gcc -pipe
GDB	:= $(GCCPREFIX)gdb
AS	:= $(GCCPREFIX)as
AR	:= $(GCCPREFIX)ar
LD	:= $(GCCPREFIX)ld
OBJCOPY	:= $(GCCPREFIX)objcopy
OBJDUMP	:= $(GCCPREFIX)objdump
NM	:= $(GCCPREFIX)nm

# Native commands
NCC	:= gcc $(CC_VER) -pipe
NATIVE_CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) $(DEFS) $(LABDEFS) -I$(TOP) -MD -Wall
TAR	:= gtar
PERL	:= perl

# Compiler flags
# -fno-builtin is required to avoid refs to undefined functions in the kernel.
# Only optimize to -O1 to discourage inlining, which complicates backtraces.
CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) $(DEFS) $(LABDEFS) -O1 -fno-builtin -I$(TOP) -MD
CFLAGS += -fno-omit-frame-pointer
CFLAGS += -std=gnu99
CFLAGS += -static
CFLAGS += -fno-pie
CFLAGS += -Wall -Wno-format -Wno-unused -Werror -gstabs -m32
# -fno-tree-ch prevented gcc from sometimes reordering read_ebp() before
# mon_backtrace()'s function prologue on gcc version: (Debian 4.7.2-5) 4.7.2
CFLAGS += -fno-tree-ch

CFLAGS += -I$(TOP)/net/lwip/include \
	  -I$(TOP)/net/lwip/include/ipv4 \
	  -I$(TOP)/net/lwip/jos

# Add -fno-stack-protector if the option exists.
CFLAGS += $(shell $(CC) -fno-stack-protector -E -x c /dev/null >/dev/null 2>&1 && echo -fno-stack-protector)

# compile error: taking address of packed member in init_stack(child, argv, &child_tf.tf_esp)
# CFLAGS += -Wno-address-of-packed-member

# Common linker flags
LDFLAGS := -m elf_i386

# Linker flags for JOS user programs
ULDFLAGS := -T user/user.ld

GCC_LIB := $(shell $(CC) $(CFLAGS) -print-libgcc-file-name)

# Lists that the */Makefrag makefile fragments will add to
OBJDIRS :=

# Make sure that 'all' is the first target
all:

# Eliminate default suffix rules
.SUFFIXES:

# Delete target files if there is an error (or make is interrupted)
.DELETE_ON_ERROR:

# make it so that no intermediate .o files are ever deleted
.PRECIOUS: %.o $(OBJDIR)/boot/%.o $(OBJDIR)/kern/%.o \
	   $(OBJDIR)/lib/%.o $(OBJDIR)/fs/%.o $(OBJDIR)/net/%.o \
	   $(OBJDIR)/user/%.o

KERN_CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) -DJOS_KERNEL -gstabs
USER_CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) -DJOS_USER -gstabs

# Update .vars.X if variable X has changed since the last make run.
#
# Rules that use variable X should depend on $(OBJDIR)/.vars.X.  If
# the variable's value has changed, this will update the vars file and
# force a rebuild of the rule that depends on it.
$(OBJDIR)/.vars.%: FORCE
	$(V)echo "$($*)" | cmp -s $@ || echo "$($*)" > $@
.PRECIOUS: $(OBJDIR)/.vars.%
.PHONY: FORCE


# Include Makefrags for subdirectories
include boot/Makefrag
include kern/Makefrag
include lib/Makefrag
include user/Makefrag
include fs/Makefrag
include net/Makefrag


CPUS ?= 1

PORT7	:= $(shell expr $(GDBPORT) + 1)
PORT80	:= $(shell expr $(GDBPORT) + 2)

QEMUOPTS = -drive file=$(OBJDIR)/kern/kernel.img,index=0,media=disk,format=raw -serial mon:stdio -gdb tcp::$(GDBPORT)
QEMUOPTS += $(shell if $(QEMU) -nographic -help | grep -q '^-D '; then echo '-D qemu.log'; fi)
IMAGES = $(OBJDIR)/kern/kernel.img
QEMUOPTS += -smp $(CPUS)
QEMUOPTS += -drive file=$(OBJDIR)/fs/fs.img,index=1,media=disk,format=raw
IMAGES += $(OBJDIR)/fs/fs.img
QEMUOPTS += -net user -net nic,model=e1000 -redir tcp:$(PORT7)::7 \
	   -redir tcp:$(PORT80)::80 -redir udp:$(PORT7)::7 -net dump,file=qemu.pcap
QEMUOPTS += $(QEMUEXTRA)

.gdbinit: .gdbinit.tmpl
	sed "s/localhost:1234/localhost:$(GDBPORT)/" < $^ > $@

gdb:
	$(GDB) -n -x .gdbinit

pre-qemu: .gdbinit
#	QEMU doesn't truncate the pcap file.  Work around this.
	@rm -f qemu.pcap

qemu: $(IMAGES) pre-qemu
	$(QEMU) $(QEMUOPTS)

qemu-nox: $(IMAGES) pre-qemu
	@echo "***"
	@echo "*** Use Ctrl-a x to exit qemu"
	@echo "***"
	$(QEMU) -nographic $(QEMUOPTS)

qemu-gdb: $(IMAGES) pre-qemu
	@echo "***"
	@echo "*** Now run 'make gdb'." 1>&2
	@echo "***"
	$(QEMU) $(QEMUOPTS) -S

qemu-nox-gdb: $(IMAGES) pre-qemu
	@echo "***"
	@echo "*** Now run 'make gdb'." 1>&2
	@echo "***"
	$(QEMU) -nographic $(QEMUOPTS) -S

print-qemu:
	@echo $(QEMU)

print-gdbport:
	@echo $(GDBPORT)

# For deleting the build
clean:
	rm -rf $(OBJDIR) .gdbinit jos.in qemu.log

realclean: clean
	rm -rf lab$(LAB).tar.gz \
		jos.out $(wildcard jos.out.*) \
		qemu.pcap $(wildcard qemu.pcap.*) \
		myapi.key

distclean: realclean
	rm -rf conf/gcc.mk

ifneq ($(V),@)
GRADEFLAGS += -v
endif

grade:
	@echo $(MAKE) clean
	@$(MAKE) clean || \
	  (echo "'make clean' failed.  HINT: Do you have another running instance of JOS?" && exit 1)
	./grade-lab$(LAB) $(GRADEFLAGS)

git-handin: handin-check
	@if test -n "`git config remote.handin.url`"; then \
		echo "Hand in to remote repository using 'git push handin HEAD' ..."; \
		if ! git push -f handin HEAD; then \
            echo ; \
			echo "Hand in failed."; \
			echo "As an alternative, please run 'make tarball'"; \
			echo "and visit http://pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/submit/"; \
			echo "to upload lab$(LAB)-handin.tar.gz.  Thanks!"; \
			false; \
		fi; \
    else \
		echo "Hand-in repository is not configured."; \
		echo "Please run 'make handin-prep' first.  Thanks!"; \
		false; \
	fi

WEBSUB := https://6828.scripts.mit.edu/2018/handin.py

handin: tarball-pref myapi.key
	@SUF=$(LAB); \
	test -f .suf && SUF=`cat .suf`; \
	curl -f -F file=@lab$$SUF-handin.tar.gz -F key=\<myapi.key $(WEBSUB)/upload \
	    > /dev/null || { \
		echo ; \
		echo Submit seems to have failed.; \
		echo Please go to $(WEBSUB)/ and upload the tarball manually.; }

handin-check:
	@if ! test -d .git; then \
		echo No .git directory, is this a git repository?; \
		false; \
	fi
	@if test "$$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)" != refs/heads/lab$(LAB); then \
		git branch; \
		read -p "You are not on the lab$(LAB) branch.  Hand-in the current branch? [y/N] " r; \
		test "$$r" = y; \
	fi
	@if ! git diff-files --quiet || ! git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD; then \
		git status -s; \
		echo; \
		echo "You have uncomitted changes.  Please commit or stash them."; \
		false; \
	fi
	@if test -n "`git status -s`"; then \
		git status -s; \
		read -p "Untracked files will not be handed in.  Continue? [y/N] " r; \
		test "$$r" = y; \
	fi

UPSTREAM := $(shell git remote -v | grep "pdos.csail.mit.edu/6.828/2018/jos.git (fetch)" | awk '{split($$0,a," "); print a[1]}')

tarball-pref: handin-check
	@SUF=$(LAB); \
	if test $(LAB) -eq 3 -o $(LAB) -eq 4; then \
		read -p "Which part would you like to submit? [a, b, c (c for lab 4 only)]" p; \
		if test "$$p" != a -a "$$p" != b; then \
			if test ! $(LAB) -eq 4 -o ! "$$p" = c; then \
				echo "Bad part \"$$p\""; \
				exit 1; \
			fi; \
		fi; \
		SUF="$(LAB)$$p"; \
		echo $$SUF > .suf; \
	else \
		rm -f .suf; \
	fi; \
	git archive --format=tar HEAD > lab$$SUF-handin.tar; \
	git diff $(UPSTREAM)/lab$(LAB) > /tmp/lab$$SUF-diff.patch; \
	tar -rf lab$$SUF-handin.tar /tmp/lab$$SUF-diff.patch; \
	gzip -c lab$$SUF-handin.tar > lab$$SUF-handin.tar.gz; \
	rm lab$$SUF-handin.tar; \
	rm /tmp/lab$$SUF-diff.patch; \

myapi.key:
	@echo Get an API key for yourself by visiting $(WEBSUB)/
	@read -p "Please enter your API key: " k; \
	if test `echo "$$k" |tr -d '\n' |wc -c` = 32 ; then \
		TF=`mktemp -t tmp.XXXXXX`; \
		if test "x$$TF" != "x" ; then \
			echo "$$k" |tr -d '\n' > $$TF; \
			mv -f $$TF $@; \
		else \
			echo mktemp failed; \
			false; \
		fi; \
	else \
		echo Bad API key: $$k; \
		echo An API key should be 32 characters long.; \
		false; \
	fi;

#handin-prep:
#	@./handin-prep

# For test runs
prep-net_%: override INIT_CFLAGS+=-DTEST_NO_NS

prep-%:
	$(V)$(MAKE) "INIT_CFLAGS=${INIT_CFLAGS} -DTEST=`case $* in *_*) echo $*;; *) echo user_$*;; esac`" $(IMAGES)

run-%-nox-gdb: prep-% pre-qemu
	$(QEMU) -nographic $(QEMUOPTS) -S

run-%-gdb: prep-% pre-qemu
	$(QEMU) $(QEMUOPTS) -S

run-%-nox: prep-% pre-qemu
	$(QEMU) -nographic $(QEMUOPTS)

run-%: prep-% pre-qemu
	$(QEMU) $(QEMUOPTS)

# For network connections
which-ports:
	@echo "Local port $(PORT7) forwards to JOS port 7 (echo server)"
	@echo "Local port $(PORT80) forwards to JOS port 80 (web server)"

nc-80:
	nc localhost $(PORT80)

nc-7:
	nc localhost $(PORT7)

telnet-80:
	telnet localhost $(PORT80)

telnet-7:
	telnet localhost $(PORT7)

# This magic automatically generates makefile dependencies
# for header files included from C source files we compile,
# and keeps those dependencies up-to-date every time we recompile.
# See 'mergedep.pl' for more information.
$(OBJDIR)/.deps: $(foreach dir, $(OBJDIRS), $(wildcard $(OBJDIR)/$(dir)/*.d))
	@mkdir -p $(@D)
	@$(PERL) mergedep.pl $@ $^

-include $(OBJDIR)/.deps

always:
	@:

.PHONY: all always \
	handin git-handin tarball tarball-pref clean realclean distclean grade handin-prep handin-check