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<body class="book toc2 toc-left">
<div id="header">
<h1>Jakarta Security</h1>
<div class="details">
<span id="author" class="author">Jakarta Security Community, https://projects.eclipse.org/projects/ee4j.es</span><br>
<span id="email" class="email"><a href="https://dev.eclipse.org/mailman/listinfo/es-dev" class="bare">https://dev.eclipse.org/mailman/listinfo/es-dev</a></span><br>
<span id="revnumber"> 3.0,</span>
<span id="revdate">March 25, 2022</span>
<br><span id="revremark">Final</span>
</div>
<div id="toc" class="toc2">
<div id="toctitle">Table of Contents</div>
<ul class="sectlevel1">
<li><a href="#copyright">Copyright</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#eclipse-foundation-specification-license">Eclipse Foundation Specification License</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#disclaimers">Disclaimers</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#preface">Preface</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#notational-conventions">Notational Conventions</a></li>
<li><a href="#acknowledgments">Acknowledgments</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#specification-lead-under-the-jcp">Specification Lead under the JCP</a></li>
<li><a href="#expert-group-under-the-jcp">Expert Group under the JCP</a></li>
<li><a href="#contributors-under-the-jcp">Contributors under the JCP</a></li>
<li><a href="#project-lead-at-the-eclipse-foundation">Project Lead at the Eclipse Foundation</a></li>
<li><a href="#committers-at-the-eclipse-foundation">Committers at the Eclipse Foundation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#concepts">1. Concepts and General Requirements</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#terminology-and-acronyms">1.1. Terminology And Acronyms</a></li>
<li><a href="#general-requirements">1.2. General Requirements</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#group-to-role-mapping">1.2.1. Group-To-Role Mapping</a></li>
<li><a href="#caller-principal-types">1.2.2. Caller Principal Types</a></li>
<li><a href="#jakarta-expression-language-support">1.2.3. Jakarta Expression Language Support</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#authentication-mechanism">2. Authentication Mechanism</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#introduction">2.1. Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#interface-and-theory-of-operation">2.2. Interface and Theory of Operation</a></li>
<li><a href="#installation-and-configuration">2.3. Installation and Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="#annotations-and-built-in-httpauthenticationmechanism-beans">2.4. Annotations and Built-In HttpAuthenticationMechanism Beans</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#basic-annotation">2.4.1. BASIC Annotation</a></li>
<li><a href="#form-annotation">2.4.2. FORM Annotation</a></li>
<li><a href="#custom-form-annotation">2.4.3. Custom FORM Annotation</a></li>
<li><a href="#openid-connect-annotation">2.4.4. OpenID Connect Annotation</a>
<ul class="sectlevel4">
<li><a href="#metadata-configuration">2.4.4.1. Metadata configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="#authentication-dialog">2.4.4.2. Authentication dialog</a></li>
<li><a href="#caller-name-and-groups">2.4.4.3. Caller name and groups</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#logintocontinue-annotation">2.4.5. LoginToContinue Annotation</a></li>
<li><a href="#rememberme-annotation">2.4.6. RememberMe Annotation</a></li>
<li><a href="#autoapplysession-annotation">2.4.7. AutoApplySession Annotation</a></li>
<li><a href="#implementation-notes">2.4.8. Implementation Notes</a></li>
<li><a href="#custom-form-notes">2.4.9. Custom FORM Notes</a></li>
<li><a href="#securitycontext-authenticate-notes">2.4.10. SecurityContext.authenticate() Notes</a></li>
<li><a href="#autoapplysession-notes">2.4.11. AutoApplySession Notes</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#relationship-to-other-specifications">2.5. Relationship to other specifications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#identity-store">3. Identity Store</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#introduction-2">3.1. Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#interface-and-theory-of-operation-2">3.2. Interface and Theory of Operation</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#validating-credentials">3.2.1. Validating Credentials</a></li>
<li><a href="#retrieving-caller-information">3.2.2. Retrieving Caller Information</a></li>
<li><a href="#declaring-capabilities">3.2.3. Declaring Capabilities</a></li>
<li><a href="#handling-multiple-identity-stores">3.2.4. Handling Multiple Identity Stores</a></li>
<li><a href="#state">3.2.5. State</a></li>
<li><a href="#remembermeidentitystore">3.2.6. RememberMeIdentityStore</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#installation-and-configuration-2">3.3. Installation and Configuration</a></li>
<li><a href="#annotations-and-built-in-identitystore-beans">3.4. Annotations and Built-In IdentityStore Beans</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#ldap-annotation">3.4.1. LDAP Annotation</a></li>
<li><a href="#database-annotation">3.4.2. Database Annotation</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#relationship-to-other-specifications-2">3.5. Relationship to Other Specifications</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#security-context">4. Security Context</a>
<ul class="sectlevel2">
<li><a href="#introduction-3">4.1. Introduction</a></li>
<li><a href="#retrieving-and-testing-for-caller-data">4.2. Retrieving and Testing for Caller Data</a></li>
<li><a href="#testing-for-access">4.3. Testing for Access</a></li>
<li><a href="#triggering-the-authentication-process">4.4. Triggering the Authentication Process</a></li>
<li><a href="#relationship-to-other-specifications-3">4.5. Relationship to Other Specifications</a></li>
<li><a href="#other-context-interfaces">4.6. Other context interfaces</a>
<ul class="sectlevel3">
<li><a href="#openidcontext">4.6.1. OpenIdContext</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>
</li>
<li><a href="#bibliography">Bibliography</a></li>
</ul>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div id="preamble">
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="literalblock">
<div class="content">
<pre>Specification: Jakarta Security
Version: 3.0
Status: Final
Release: March 25, 2022</pre>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="copyright"><a class="anchor" href="#copyright"></a>Copyright</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Copyright (c) 2019, 2021 Eclipse Foundation.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="eclipse-foundation-specification-license"><a class="anchor" href="#eclipse-foundation-specification-license"></a>Eclipse Foundation Specification License</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>By using and/or copying this document, or the Eclipse Foundation
document from which this statement is linked, you (the licensee) agree
that you have read, understood, and will comply with the following
terms and conditions:</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Permission to copy, and distribute the contents of this document, or
the Eclipse Foundation document from which this statement is linked, in
any medium for any purpose and without fee or royalty is hereby
granted, provided that you include the following on ALL copies of the
document, or portions thereof, that you use:</p>
</div>
<div class="ulist">
<ul>
<li>
<p>link or URL to the original Eclipse Foundation document.</p>
</li>
<li>
<p>All existing copyright notices, or if one does not exist, a notice
(hypertext is preferred, but a textual representation is permitted)
of the form: "Copyright (c) [$date-of-document]
Eclipse Foundation, Inc. <a href="https://www.eclipse.org/legal/efsl.php" class="bare">https://www.eclipse.org/legal/efsl.php</a>"</p>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Inclusion of the full text of this NOTICE must be provided. We
request that authorship attribution be provided in any software,
documents, or other items or products that you create pursuant to the
implementation of the contents of this document, or any portion
thereof.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>No right to create modifications or derivatives of Eclipse Foundation
documents is granted pursuant to this license, except anyone may
prepare and distribute derivative works and portions of this document
in software that implements the specification, in supporting materials
accompanying such software, and in documentation of such software,
PROVIDED that all such works include the notice below. HOWEVER, the
publication of derivative works of this document for use as a technical
specification is expressly prohibited.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The notice is:</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>"Copyright (c) 2018, 2021 Eclipse Foundation. This software or
document includes material copied from or derived from
Jakarta™ Security <a href="https://jakarta.ee/specifications/security/2.0/" class="bare">https://jakarta.ee/specifications/security/2.0/</a>."</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="disclaimers"><a class="anchor" href="#disclaimers"></a>Disclaimers</h4>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED "AS IS," AND THE COPYRIGHT
HOLDERS AND THE ECLIPSE FOUNDATION MAKE NO REPRESENTATIONS OR
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO,
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE,
NON-INFRINGEMENT, OR TITLE; THAT THE CONTENTS OF THE DOCUMENT ARE
SUITABLE FOR ANY PURPOSE; NOR THAT THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SUCH CONTENTS
WILL NOT INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY PATENTS, COPYRIGHTS, TRADEMARKS OR
OTHER RIGHTS.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND THE ECLIPSE FOUNDATION WILL NOT BE LIABLE
FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT
OF ANY USE OF THE DOCUMENT OR THE PERFORMANCE OR IMPLEMENTATION OF THE
CONTENTS THEREOF.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The name and trademarks of the copyright holders or the Eclipse
Foundation may NOT be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to
this document or its contents without specific, written prior
permission. Title to copyright in this document will at all times
remain with copyright holders.</p>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="preface"><a class="anchor" href="#preface"></a>Preface</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This document is the Jakarta Security Specification, version 1.0.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="notational-conventions"><a class="anchor" href="#notational-conventions"></a>Notational Conventions</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119, "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate Requirement Levels" [<a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc2119">RFC2119</a>].</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Other documents referenced by this specification are identified by name on first use, and thereafter by a short abbreviation. The "<a href="#bibliography">Bibliography</a>" section at the end of this document provides full references.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="acknowledgments"><a class="anchor" href="#acknowledgments"></a>Acknowledgments</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The authors would like to thank the original JCP JSR-375 Expert Group and Contributors, and, in particular, Arjan Tijms, whose contributions were critical to the success of the JCP JSR.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>We would also like to thank Alex Kosowski for his work putting together the original JSR-375 proposal, submitting it to the JCP, recruiting a diverse and highly-qualified expert group, and leading the initial development and specification efforts. Without Alex, there would be no JSR-375.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Lastly, we would like to acknowledge Ron Monzillo, and the various JCP expert groups he has led or worked with over the years, for putting in place the foundational security APIs and SPIs upon which JSR-375 was built.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="specification-lead-under-the-jcp"><a class="anchor" href="#specification-lead-under-the-jcp"></a>Specification Lead under the JCP</h4>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Will Hopkins (October 2016 — September 2017)<br>
Alexander Kosowski (April 2014 — September 2016)</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="expert-group-under-the-jcp"><a class="anchor" href="#expert-group-under-the-jcp"></a>Expert Group under the JCP</h4>
<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%;">
<col style="width: 50%;">
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Adam Bien</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">David Blevins (Tomitribe)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Rudy De Busscher</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Ivar Grimstad</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Les Hazlewood (Stormpath, Inc.)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Will Hopkins (Oracle)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Werner Keil</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Matt Konda (Jemurai)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Alexander Kosowski (Oracle)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Darran Lofthouse (Red Hat)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Jean-Louis Monteiro (Tomitribe)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Ajay Reddy (IBM)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Pedro Igor Silva (Red Hat)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Arjan Tijms</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="contributors-under-the-jcp"><a class="anchor" href="#contributors-under-the-jcp"></a>Contributors under the JCP</h4>
<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 50%;">
<col style="width: 50%;">
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Guillermo González de Agüero</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">John Hogan</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Elder Moraes</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Fatih Mutluay</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Reza Rahman</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Ashley Richardson</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="project-lead-at-the-eclipse-foundation"><a class="anchor" href="#project-lead-at-the-eclipse-foundation"></a>Project Lead at the Eclipse Foundation</h4>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Arjan Tijms</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="committers-at-the-eclipse-foundation"><a class="anchor" href="#committers-at-the-eclipse-foundation"></a>Committers at the Eclipse Foundation</h4>
<table class="tableblock frame-all grid-all stretch">
<colgroup>
<col style="width: 33.3333%;">
<col style="width: 33.3333%;">
<col style="width: 33.3334%;">
</colgroup>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Ajay Reddy (IBM)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Arjan Tijms</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Bill Shannon (Oracle)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Darran Lofthouse (Red Hat)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">David Blevins (Tomitribe)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Dmitry Kornilov (Oracle)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Ed Bratt (Oracle)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Guillermo González de Agüero</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Ivar Grimstad (Eclipse Foundation)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">James Mulvey (IBM)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Padmanabha Bhat (Oracle)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Rudy De Busscher (Payara)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Steven Liu (Oracle)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Teddy Torres (IBM)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Tomas Langer (Oracle)</p></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">VINAY VISHAL (Oracle)</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Werner Keil</p></td>
<td class="tableblock halign-left valign-top"><p class="tableblock">Wilson Tian (Oracle)</p></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect1">
<h2 id="concepts"><a class="anchor" href="#concepts"></a>1. Concepts and General Requirements</h2>
<div class="sectionbody">
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This chapter provides overview information and terminology related to this specification, and also includes general requirements not specified elsewhere in this document.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="terminology-and-acronyms"><a class="anchor" href="#terminology-and-acronyms"></a>1.1. Terminology And Acronyms</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>A common understanding of security-related terms is helpful for discussion or specification of security APIs. To that end, we incorporate by reference the excellent Apache Shiro Terminology [<a href="https://shiro.apache.org/terminology.html">SHIROTERM</a>], and define some additional terms used in this document.</p>
</div>
<div class="dlist">
<dl>
<dt class="hdlist1">Authentication Mechanism </dt>
<dd>
<p>The mechanism by which authentication is performed. This mechanism interacts with the caller to obtain credentials and invokes an identity store to match the given credentials with a known user (identity). If a match is found, the Authentication Mechanism uses the found identity to populate attributes (principals) to build an authenticated Subject. If a match is not found, the Authentication Mechanism reports a failed authentication, the caller is not logged in, and is unable to be given authorization.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">Caller, Caller Principal</dt>
<dd>
<p>A caller is a user that is making a request to an application, or invoking an application API. A Caller Principal is a Principal object representing that user. This specification uses the term caller in preference to the term user in most contexts.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">HAM</dt>
<dd>
<p>Abbreviation for <em>HttpAuthenticationMechanism</em>, an interface defined by this specification.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">Identity Store</dt>
<dd>
<p>An Identity Store is a component that can access application-specific security data such as users, groups, roles, and permissions. It can be thought of as a security-specific DAO (Data Access Object). Synonyms: security provider, repository, store, login module (JAAS), identity manager, service provider, relying party, authenticator, user service. Identity Stores usually have a 1-to-1 correlation with a data source such as a relational database, LDAP directory, file system, or other similar resource. As such, implementations of the <em>IdentityStore</em> interface use data source-specific APIs to discover authorization data (roles, permissions, etc), such as JDBC, File IO, Hibernate or JPA, or any other Data Access API.</p>
</dd>
<dt class="hdlist1">SAM</dt>
<dd>
<p>Abbreviation for <em>ServerAuthModule</em>, an interface defined by Jakarta Authentication.</p>
</dd>
</dl>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect2">
<h3 id="general-requirements"><a class="anchor" href="#general-requirements"></a>1.2. General Requirements</h3>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The following general requirements are defined by this specification.</p>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="group-to-role-mapping"><a class="anchor" href="#group-to-role-mapping"></a>1.2.1. Group-To-Role Mapping</h4>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Various Jakarta EE specifications define how roles are declared for an application, and how access to application resources can be restricted to users that have a specific role. The specifications are largely silent on the question of how users are assigned to roles, however. Most application servers have proprietary mechanisms for determining the roles a user has.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Application servers MUST provide a default mapping from group names to roles. That is, a caller who is a member of group "foo" is considered to have role "foo". This default mapping MAY be overridden by explicit proprietary configuration, but, when not overridden, provides sensible and predictable behavior for portable applications.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>An application server MAY provide a default mapping from caller principal names to roles. That is, a caller with the name "bar" is considered to have role "bar". This default mapping MAY be overridden by proprietary configuration.</p>
</div>
</div>
<div class="sect3">
<h4 id="caller-principal-types"><a class="anchor" href="#caller-principal-types"></a>1.2.2. Caller Principal Types</h4>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This specification defines a principal type called <em>CallerPrincipal</em> to represent the identity of an application caller. Historically, application servers have used different principal types to represent an application’s callers, and various Jakarta EE specifications (e.g., Jakarta Authentication), provide abstractions to accommodate, "the container’s representation of the caller principal".</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>This specification RECOMMENDS that Jakarta EE application servers that rely on container-specific caller principal types derive those types by extending <em>CallerPrincipal</em>, so that portable applications can rely on a consistent representation of the caller principal.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>However, we also distinguish here between a "container caller principal" and an "application caller principal", and explicitly allow for each to be represented by a different <em>Principal</em> type.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>The container caller principal is a <em>Principal</em> that the container uses to represent a caller’s identity. An implementation of this specification MAY choose any <em>Principal</em> type for this purpose. The type chosen may carry additional information, or provide unique behaviors.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>An application caller principal is a <em>Principal</em> that an application, or an implementation of, e.g., an <em>HttpAuthenticationMechanism</em>, uses to represent a caller’s identity. An application MAY choose any <em>Principal</em> type for that purpose. The type chosen may carry additional information, or provide unique behaviors.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>Because both containers and applications can have legitimate requirements for specific <em>Principal</em> types to represent a caller, and those types may differ, it MUST be possible for the container to establish both the container’s and the application’s caller principal as the caller’s identity; for example, by including both in a Subject representing the caller.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When both a container caller principal and an application caller principal are present, the value obtained by calling <em>getName()</em> on both principals MUST be the same.</p>
</div>
<div class="paragraph">
<p>When no specific application caller principal is supplied during authentication, the caller’s identity should be represented by a single principal, the container’s caller principal.</p>
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<h4 id="jakarta-expression-language-support"><a class="anchor" href="#jakarta-expression-language-support"></a>1.2.3. Jakarta Expression Language Support</h4>
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<p>This specification defines a number of annotations:</p>
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<pre class="CodeRay highlight"><code data-lang="java">DatabaseIdentityStoreDefinition
LdapIdentityStoreDefinition
BasicAuthenticationMechanismDefinition
CustomFormAuthenticationMechanismDefinition
FormAuthenticationMechanismDefinition
OpenIdAuthenticationMechanismDefinition
LoginToContinue
RememberMe</code></pre>
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<p>Attributes on these annotations can be provided either as actual values, or as Jakarta Expression Language 5.0 expressions. In cases where the return type of an attribute is not String, an "Expression Language alternative" attribute is provided, with "Expression" appended to the name. If an "Expression Language alternative" attribute has a non-empty value, it takes precedence over the attribute it’s an alternative to, and must contain a valid Expression Language expression that evaluates to the same type as the attribute it’s an alternative to.</p>
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