Graph.h

/*
   Graph.h
   Minimally revised for C++11 features of GCC 4.6.3 or later
   Walter C. Daugherity		June 10, 2012 
   Walter C. Daugherity		January 9, 2014
   Walter C. Daugherity		January 20, 2014
   Walter C. Daugherity		March 3, 2014
   Walter C. Daugherity		March 6, 2014
   Riley B. Trautman		December 1, 2014
*/

//
// This is a GUI support code to the chapters 12-16 of the book
// "Programming -- Principles and Practice Using C++" by Bjarne Stroustrup
//

#ifndef GRAPH_GUARD
#define GRAPH_GUARD 1

#include <FL/fl_draw.H>
#include <FL/Fl_Image.H>
#include "Point.h"
#include "std_lib_facilities_4.h"

namespace Graph_lib {

// defense against ill-behaved Linux macros:
#undef major
#undef minor

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

// Color is the type we use to represent color. We can use Color like this:
//    grid.set_color(Color::red);
struct Color {
    enum Color_type : unsigned char {
        red=FL_RED,
        blue=FL_BLUE,
        green=FL_GREEN,
        yellow=FL_YELLOW,
        white=FL_WHITE,
        black=FL_BLACK,
        magenta=FL_MAGENTA,
        cyan=FL_CYAN,
        dark_red=FL_DARK_RED,
        dark_green=FL_DARK_GREEN,
        dark_yellow=FL_DARK_YELLOW,
        dark_blue=FL_DARK_BLUE,
        dark_magenta=FL_DARK_MAGENTA,
        dark_cyan=FL_DARK_CYAN
    };

    enum Transparency : unsigned char { invisible = 0, visible=255 };

    Color(Color_type cc) :v(visible), c(Fl_Color(cc)) { }
    Color(Color_type cc, Transparency vv) :v(vv), c(Fl_Color(cc)) { }
    Color(int cc) :v(visible), c(Fl_Color(cc)) { }
    Color(Transparency vv) :v(vv), c(Fl_Color()) { }    // default color

    int as_int() const { return c; }

    char visibility() const { return v; } 
    void set_visibility(Transparency vv) { v=vv; }
private:
    unsigned char v;    // invisible and visible for now
    Fl_Color c;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Line_style {
    enum Line_style_type {
        solid=FL_SOLID,            // -------
        dash=FL_DASH,              // - - - -
        dot=FL_DOT,                // ....... 
        dashdot=FL_DASHDOT,        // - . - . 
        dashdotdot=FL_DASHDOTDOT,  // -..-..
    };

    Line_style(Line_style_type ss) :s(ss), w(0) { }
    Line_style(Line_style_type lst, int ww) :s(lst), w(ww) { }
    Line_style(int ss) :s(ss), w(0) { }

    int width() const { return w; }
    int style() const { return s; }
private:
    int s;
    int w;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

class Font {
public:
    enum Font_type {
        helvetica=FL_HELVETICA,
        helvetica_bold=FL_HELVETICA_BOLD,
        helvetica_italic=FL_HELVETICA_ITALIC,
        helvetica_bold_italic=FL_HELVETICA_BOLD_ITALIC,
        courier=FL_COURIER,
        courier_bold=FL_COURIER_BOLD,
        courier_italic=FL_COURIER_ITALIC,
        courier_bold_italic=FL_COURIER_BOLD_ITALIC,
        times=FL_TIMES,
        times_bold=FL_TIMES_BOLD,
        times_italic=FL_TIMES_ITALIC,
        times_bold_italic=FL_TIMES_BOLD_ITALIC,
        symbol=FL_SYMBOL,
        screen=FL_SCREEN,
        screen_bold=FL_SCREEN_BOLD,
        zapf_dingbats=FL_ZAPF_DINGBATS
    };

    Font(Font_type ff) :f(ff) { }
    Font(int ff) :f(ff) { }

    int as_int() const { return f; }
private:
    int f;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

template<class T> class Vector_ref {
    vector<T*> v;
    vector<T*> owned;
public:
    Vector_ref() {}
    Vector_ref(T& a) { push_back(a); }
    Vector_ref(T& a, T& b);
    Vector_ref(T& a, T& b, T& c);
    Vector_ref(T* a, T* b = 0, T* c = 0, T* d = 0)
    {
        if (a) push_back(a);
        if (b) push_back(b);
        if (c) push_back(c);
        if (d) push_back(d);
    }

    ~Vector_ref() { for (int i=0; i<owned.size(); ++i) delete owned[i]; }

    void push_back(T& s) { v.push_back(&s); }
    void push_back(T* p) { v.push_back(p); owned.push_back(p); }

    T& operator[](int i) { return *v[i]; }
    const T& operator[](int i) const { return *v[i]; }

    int size() const { return v.size(); }

private:	// prevent copying
	Vector_ref(const Vector<T>&);
	Vector_ref& operator=(const Vector<T>&);
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

typedef double Fct(double);

class Shape  {        // deals with color and style, and holds sequence of lines 
public:
    void draw() const;                 // deal with color and draw lines
    virtual void move(int dx, int dy); // move the shape +=dx and +=dy

    void set_color(Color col) { lcolor = col; }
    Color color() const { return lcolor; }
    void set_style(Line_style sty) { ls = sty; }
    Line_style style() const { return ls; }
    void set_fill_color(Color col) { fcolor = col; }
    Color fill_color() const { return fcolor; }

    Point point(int i) const { return points[i]; } // read only access to points
    int number_of_points() const { return int(points.size()); }

    virtual ~Shape() { }
protected:
    Shape();    
    virtual void draw_lines() const;   // draw the appropriate lines
    void add(Point p);                 // add p to points
    void set_point(int i,Point p);     // points[i]=p;
private:
    vector<Point> points;              // not used by all shapes
    Color lcolor;                      // color for lines and characters
    Line_style ls; 
    Color fcolor;                      // fill color

    Shape(const Shape&);               // prevent copying
    Shape& operator=(const Shape&);
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Function : Shape {
    // the function parameters are not stored
    Function(Fct f, double r1, double r2, Point orig,
        int count = 100, double xscale = 25, double yscale = 25);    
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Line : Shape {            // a Line is a Shape defined by two Points
    Line(Point p1, Point p2);    // construct a line from two points
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Rectangle : Shape {

    Rectangle(Point xy, int ww, int hh) : h(hh), w(ww)
    {
        add(xy);
        if (h<=0 || w<=0) error("Bad rectangle: non-positive side");
    }

    Rectangle(Point x, Point y) : h(y.y-x.y), w(y.x-x.x)
    {
        add(x);
        if (h<=0 || w<=0) error("Bad rectangle: non-positive width or height");
    }
    void draw_lines() const;

    int height() const { return h; }
    int width() const { return w; }
private:
    int h;    // height
    int w;    // width
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Open_polyline : Shape {         // open sequence of lines
    void add(Point p) { Shape::add(p); }
    void draw_lines() const;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Closed_polyline : Open_polyline { // closed sequence of lines
    void draw_lines() const;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Polygon : Closed_polyline {    // closed sequence of non-intersecting lines
    void add(Point p);
    void draw_lines() const;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Lines : Shape {                 // related lines
    void draw_lines() const;
    void add(Point p1, Point p2);      // add a line defined by two points
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Text : Shape {
    // the point is the bottom left of the first letter
    Text(Point x, const string& s) : lab(s), fnt(fl_font()),
    	fnt_sz((fl_size()<14)?14:fl_size()) { add(x); }

    void draw_lines() const;

    void set_label(const string& s) { lab = s; }
    string label() const { return lab; }

    void set_font(Font f) { fnt = f; }
    Font font() const { return Font(fnt); }

    void set_font_size(int s) { fnt_sz = s; }
    int font_size() const { return fnt_sz; }
private:
    string lab;    // label
    Font fnt;
    int fnt_sz;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Axis : Shape {
    enum Orientation { x, y, z };
    Axis(Orientation d, Point xy, int length,
        int number_of_notches=0, string label = "");

    void draw_lines() const;
    void move(int dx, int dy);
    void set_color(Color c);

    Text label;
    Lines notches;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------


struct Circle : Shape {
	Circle(Point p, int rr)	// center and radius
		:r(rr) { add(Point(p.x-r,p.y-r)); }

	void draw_lines() const;

	Point center() const;

	void set_radius(int rr) { set_point(0,Point(center().x-rr,center().y-rr)); r=rr;  }
	int radius() const { return r; }
private:
	int r;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Ellipse : Shape {
	Ellipse(Point p, int ww, int hh)	// center, min, and max distance from center
		:w(ww), h(hh) { add(Point(p.x-ww,p.y-hh)); }

	void draw_lines() const;

	Point center() const { return Point(point(0).x+w,point(0).y+h); }
	Point focus1() const {
			if (h<=w)// foci are on the x-axis:
					return Point(center().x+int(sqrt(double(w*w-h*h))),center().y);
			else	// foci are on the y-axis:
					return Point(center().x,center().y+int(sqrt(double(h*h-w*w))));
	}

	Point focus2() const {
			if (h<=w)
					return Point(center().x-int(sqrt(double(w*w-h*h))),center().y);
			else
					return Point(center().x,center().y-int(sqrt(double(h*h-w*w))));
	}
	//Point focus2() const { return Point(center().x-int(sqrt(double(abs(w*w-h*h)))),center().y); }
	
	void set_major(int ww) { set_point(0,Point(center().x-ww,center().y-h)); w=ww; }
	int major() const { return w; }
	void set_minor(int hh) { set_point(0,Point(center().x-w,center().y-hh)); h=hh; }
	int minor() const { return h; }
private:
	int w;
	int h;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Marked_polyline : Open_polyline {
    Marked_polyline(const string& m) :mark(m) { }
    void draw_lines() const;
private:
    string mark;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Marks : Marked_polyline {
    Marks(const string& m) :Marked_polyline(m)
    {
        set_color(Color(Color::invisible));
    }
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Mark : Marks {
    Mark(Point xy, char c) : Marks(string(1,c))
    {
        add(xy);
    }
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Suffix {
    enum Encoding { none, jpg, gif, png, bmp  };
};

Suffix::Encoding get_encoding(const string& s);

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Image : Shape {
    Image(Point xy, string file_name, Suffix::Encoding e = Suffix::none);
    ~Image() { delete p; }
    void draw_lines() const;
    void set_mask(Point xy, int ww, int hh) { w=ww; h=hh; cx=xy.x; cy=xy.y; }
    int get_height();
    int get_width();
private:
    int w,h;  // define "masking box" within image relative to position (cx,cy)
    int cx,cy; 
    Fl_Image* p;
    Text fn;
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

struct Bad_image : Fl_Image {
    Bad_image(int h, int w) : Fl_Image(h,w,0) { }
    void draw(int x,int y, int, int, int, int) { draw_empty(x,y); }
};

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------

} // of namespace Graph_lib

#endif