WebHost.cs

// Copyright (c) .NET Foundation. All rights reserved.
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. See License.txt in the project root for license information.

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.HostFiltering;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;

namespace Microsoft.AspNetCore
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Provides convenience methods for creating instances of <see cref="IWebHost"/> and <see cref="IWebHostBuilder"/> with pre-configured defaults.
    /// </summary>
    public static class WebHost
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes and starts a new <see cref="IWebHost"/> with pre-configured defaults.
        /// See <see cref="CreateDefaultBuilder()"/> for details.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="app">A delegate that handles requests to the application.</param>
        /// <returns>A started <see cref="IWebHost"/> that hosts the application.</returns>
        public static IWebHost Start(RequestDelegate app) =>
            Start(url: null, app: app);

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes and starts a new <see cref="IWebHost"/> with pre-configured defaults.
        /// See <see cref="CreateDefaultBuilder()"/> for details.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">The URL the hosted application will listen on.</param>
        /// <param name="app">A delegate that handles requests to the application.</param>
        /// <returns>A started <see cref="IWebHost"/> that hosts the application.</returns>
        public static IWebHost Start(string url, RequestDelegate app)
        {
            var startupAssemblyName = app.GetMethodInfo().DeclaringType.GetTypeInfo().Assembly.GetName().Name;
            return StartWith(url: url, configureServices: null, app: appBuilder => appBuilder.Run(app), applicationName: startupAssemblyName);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes and starts a new <see cref="IWebHost"/> with pre-configured defaults.
        /// See <see cref="CreateDefaultBuilder()"/> for details.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="routeBuilder">A delegate that configures the router for handling requests to the application.</param>
        /// <returns>A started <see cref="IWebHost"/> that hosts the application.</returns>
        public static IWebHost Start(Action<IRouteBuilder> routeBuilder) =>
            Start(url: null, routeBuilder: routeBuilder);

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes and starts a new <see cref="IWebHost"/> with pre-configured defaults.
        /// See <see cref="CreateDefaultBuilder()"/> for details.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">The URL the hosted application will listen on.</param>
        /// <param name="routeBuilder">A delegate that configures the router for handling requests to the application.</param>
        /// <returns>A started <see cref="IWebHost"/> that hosts the application.</returns>
        public static IWebHost Start(string url, Action<IRouteBuilder> routeBuilder)
        {
            var startupAssemblyName = routeBuilder.GetMethodInfo().DeclaringType.GetTypeInfo().Assembly.GetName().Name;
            return StartWith(url, services => services.AddRouting(), appBuilder => appBuilder.UseRouter(routeBuilder), applicationName: startupAssemblyName);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes and starts a new <see cref="IWebHost"/> with pre-configured defaults.
        /// See <see cref="CreateDefaultBuilder()"/> for details.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="app">The delegate that configures the <see cref="IApplicationBuilder"/>.</param>
        /// <returns>A started <see cref="IWebHost"/> that hosts the application.</returns>
        public static IWebHost StartWith(Action<IApplicationBuilder> app) =>
            StartWith(url: null, app: app);

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes and starts a new <see cref="IWebHost"/> with pre-configured defaults.
        /// See <see cref="CreateDefaultBuilder()"/> for details.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="url">The URL the hosted application will listen on.</param>
        /// <param name="app">The delegate that configures the <see cref="IApplicationBuilder"/>.</param>
        /// <returns>A started <see cref="IWebHost"/> that hosts the application.</returns>
        public static IWebHost StartWith(string url, Action<IApplicationBuilder> app) =>
            StartWith(url: url, configureServices: null, app: app, applicationName: null);

        private static IWebHost StartWith(string url, Action<IServiceCollection> configureServices, Action<IApplicationBuilder> app, string applicationName)
        {
            var builder = CreateDefaultBuilder();

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(url))
            {
                builder.UseUrls(url);
            }

            if (configureServices != null)
            {
                builder.ConfigureServices(configureServices);
            }

            builder.Configure(app);

            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(applicationName))
            {
                builder.UseSetting(WebHostDefaults.ApplicationKey, applicationName);
            }

            var host = builder.Build();

            host.Start();

            return host;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="WebHostBuilder"/> class with pre-configured defaults.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        ///   The following defaults are applied to the returned <see cref="WebHostBuilder"/>:
        ///     use Kestrel as the web server and configure it using the application's configuration providers,
        ///     set the <see cref="IHostingEnvironment.ContentRootPath"/> to the result of <see cref="Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()"/>,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from 'appsettings.json' and 'appsettings.[<see cref="IHostingEnvironment.EnvironmentName"/>].json',
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from User Secrets when <see cref="IHostingEnvironment.EnvironmentName"/> is 'Development' using the entry assembly,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from environment variables,
        ///     configures the <see cref="ILoggerFactory"/> to log to the console and debug output,
        ///     enables IIS integration,
        ///     and enables the ability for frameworks to bind their options to their default configuration sections.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <returns>The initialized <see cref="IWebHostBuilder"/>.</returns>
        public static IWebHostBuilder CreateDefaultBuilder() =>
            CreateDefaultBuilder(args: null);

        /// <summary>
        ///   Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="WebHostBuilder"/> class with pre-configured defaults.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        ///   The following defaults are applied to the returned <see cref="WebHostBuilder"/>:
        ///     use Kestrel as the web server and configure it using the application's configuration providers,
        ///     set the <see cref="IHostingEnvironment.ContentRootPath"/> to the result of <see cref="Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()"/>,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from 'appsettings.json' and 'appsettings.[<see cref="IHostingEnvironment.EnvironmentName"/>].json',
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from User Secrets when <see cref="IHostingEnvironment.EnvironmentName"/> is 'Development' using the entry assembly,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from environment variables,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from supplied command line args,
        ///     configures the <see cref="ILoggerFactory"/> to log to the console and debug output,
        ///     enables IIS integration,
        ///     and enables the ability for frameworks to bind their options to their default configuration sections.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <param name="args">The command line args.</param>
        /// <returns>The initialized <see cref="IWebHostBuilder"/>.</returns>
        public static IWebHostBuilder CreateDefaultBuilder(string[] args)
        {
            var builder = new WebHostBuilder();

            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(builder.GetSetting(WebHostDefaults.ContentRootKey)))
            {
                builder.UseContentRoot(Directory.GetCurrentDirectory());
            }
            if (args != null)
            {
                builder.UseConfiguration(new ConfigurationBuilder().AddCommandLine(args).Build());
            }

            builder.UseKestrel((builderContext, options) =>
                {
                    options.Configure(builderContext.Configuration.GetSection("Kestrel"));
                })
                .ConfigureAppConfiguration((hostingContext, config) =>
                {
                    var env = hostingContext.HostingEnvironment;

                    config.AddJsonFile("appsettings.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true)
                          .AddJsonFile($"appsettings.{env.EnvironmentName}.json", optional: true, reloadOnChange: true);

                    if (env.IsDevelopment())
                    {
                        var appAssembly = Assembly.Load(new AssemblyName(env.ApplicationName));
                        if (appAssembly != null)
                        {
                            config.AddUserSecrets(appAssembly, optional: true);
                        }
                    }

                    config.AddEnvironmentVariables();

                    if (args != null)
                    {
                        config.AddCommandLine(args);
                    }
                })
                .ConfigureLogging((hostingContext, logging) =>
                {
                    logging.AddConfiguration(hostingContext.Configuration.GetSection("Logging"));
                    logging.AddConsole();
                    logging.AddDebug();
                })
                .ConfigureServices((hostingContext, services) =>
                {
                    // Fallback
                    services.PostConfigure<HostFilteringOptions>(options =>
                    {
                        if (options.AllowedHosts == null || options.AllowedHosts.Count == 0)
                        {
                            // "AllowedHosts": "localhost;127.0.0.1;[::1]"
                            var hosts = hostingContext.Configuration["AllowedHosts"]?.Split(new[] { ';' }, StringSplitOptions.RemoveEmptyEntries);
                            // Fall back to "*" to disable.
                            options.AllowedHosts = (hosts?.Length > 0 ? hosts : new[] { "*" });
                        }
                    });
                    // Change notification
                    services.AddSingleton<IOptionsChangeTokenSource<HostFilteringOptions>>(
                        new ConfigurationChangeTokenSource<HostFilteringOptions>(hostingContext.Configuration));

                    services.AddTransient<IStartupFilter, HostFilteringStartupFilter>();
                })
                .UseIISIntegration()
                .UseDefaultServiceProvider((context, options) =>
                {
                    options.ValidateScopes = context.HostingEnvironment.IsDevelopment();
                });

            return builder;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="WebHostBuilder"/> class with pre-configured defaults using typed Startup.
        /// </summary>
        /// <remarks>
        ///   The following defaults are applied to the returned <see cref="WebHostBuilder"/>:
        ///     use Kestrel as the web server and configure it using the application's configuration providers,
        ///     set the <see cref="IHostingEnvironment.ContentRootPath"/> to the result of <see cref="Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()"/>,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from 'appsettings.json' and 'appsettings.[<see cref="IHostingEnvironment.EnvironmentName"/>].json',
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from User Secrets when <see cref="IHostingEnvironment.EnvironmentName"/> is 'Development' using the entry assembly,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from environment variables,
        ///     load <see cref="IConfiguration"/> from supplied command line args,
        ///     configures the <see cref="ILoggerFactory"/> to log to the console and debug output,
        ///     enables IIS integration,
        ///     enables the ability for frameworks to bind their options to their default configuration sections.
        /// </remarks>
        /// <typeparam name ="TStartup">The type containing the startup methods for the application.</typeparam>
        /// <param name="args">The command line args.</param>
        /// <returns>The initialized <see cref="IWebHostBuilder"/>.</returns>
        public static IWebHostBuilder CreateDefaultBuilder<TStartup>(string[] args) where TStartup : class =>
            CreateDefaultBuilder(args).UseStartup<TStartup>();
    }
}