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DsForeign.lhs
564 lines (481 loc) · 19 KB
/
DsForeign.lhs
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%
% (c) The AQUA Project, Glasgow University, 1998
%
\section[DsCCall]{Desugaring \tr{foreign} declarations}
Expanding out @foreign import@ and @foreign export@ declarations.
\begin{code}
module DsForeign ( dsForeigns ) where
#include "HsVersions.h"
import CoreSyn
import DsCCall ( dsCCall, mkFCall, boxResult, unboxArg, resultWrapper )
import DsMonad
import HsSyn ( ForeignDecl(..), ForeignExport(..),
ForeignImport(..), CImportSpec(..) )
import TcHsSyn ( TypecheckedForeignDecl )
import CoreUtils ( exprType, mkInlineMe )
import Id ( Id, idType, idName, mkVanillaGlobal, mkSysLocal,
setInlinePragma )
import IdInfo ( vanillaIdInfo )
import Literal ( Literal(..) )
import Module ( Module, moduleUserString )
import Name ( mkGlobalName, nameModule, nameOccName, getOccString,
mkForeignExportOcc, isLocalName,
NamedThing(..),
)
import Type ( repType, eqType )
import TcType ( Type, mkFunTys, mkForAllTys, mkTyConApp,
mkFunTy, applyTy,
tcSplitForAllTys, tcSplitFunTys, tcTyConAppArgs,
tcSplitTyConApp_maybe, tcSplitAppTy,
tcFunResultTy
)
import ForeignCall ( ForeignCall(..), CCallSpec(..),
Safety(..), playSafe,
CExportSpec(..),
CCallConv(..), ccallConvToInt,
ccallConvAttribute
)
import CStrings ( CLabelString )
import TysWiredIn ( addrTy, unitTy, stablePtrTyCon )
import TysPrim ( addrPrimTy )
import PrelNames ( hasKey, ioTyConKey, deRefStablePtrName, newStablePtrName,
bindIOName, returnIOName
)
import BasicTypes ( Activation( NeverActive ) )
import ErrUtils ( addShortWarnLocLine )
import Outputable
import Maybe ( fromJust )
\end{code}
Desugaring of @foreign@ declarations is naturally split up into
parts, an @import@ and an @export@ part. A @foreign import@
declaration
\begin{verbatim}
foreign import cc nm f :: prim_args -> IO prim_res
\end{verbatim}
is the same as
\begin{verbatim}
f :: prim_args -> IO prim_res
f a1 ... an = _ccall_ nm cc a1 ... an
\end{verbatim}
so we reuse the desugaring code in @DsCCall@ to deal with these.
\begin{code}
type Binding = (Id, CoreExpr) -- No rec/nonrec structure;
-- the occurrence analyser will sort it all out
dsForeigns :: Module
-> [TypecheckedForeignDecl]
-> DsM ( [Id] -- Foreign-exported binders;
-- we have to generate code to register these
, [Binding]
, SDoc -- Header file prototypes for
-- "foreign exported" functions.
, SDoc -- C stubs to use when calling
-- "foreign exported" functions.
, [FAST_STRING] -- headers that need to be included
-- into C code generated for this module
)
dsForeigns mod_name fos
= foldlDs combine ([], [], empty, empty, []) fos
where
combine (acc_feb, acc_f, acc_h, acc_c, acc_header)
(ForeignImport id _ spec depr loc)
= dsFImport mod_name id spec `thenDs` \(bs, h, c, hd) ->
warnDepr depr loc `thenDs` \_ ->
returnDs (acc_feb, bs ++ acc_f, h $$ acc_h, c $$ acc_c, hd ++ acc_header)
combine (acc_feb, acc_f, acc_h, acc_c, acc_header)
(ForeignExport id _ (CExport (CExportStatic ext_nm cconv)) depr loc)
= dsFExport mod_name id (idType id)
ext_nm cconv False `thenDs` \(feb, b, h, c) ->
warnDepr depr loc `thenDs` \_ ->
returnDs (feb:acc_feb, b:acc_f, h $$ acc_h, c $$ acc_c, acc_header)
warnDepr False _ = returnDs ()
warnDepr True loc = dsWarn (addShortWarnLocLine loc msg)
where
msg = ptext SLIT("foreign declaration uses deprecated non-standard syntax")
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Foreign import}
%* *
%************************************************************************
Desugaring foreign imports is just the matter of creating a binding
that on its RHS unboxes its arguments, performs the external call
(using the @CCallOp@ primop), before boxing the result up and returning it.
However, we create a worker/wrapper pair, thus:
foreign import f :: Int -> IO Int
==>
f x = IO ( \s -> case x of { I# x# ->
case fw s x# of { (# s1, y# #) ->
(# s1, I# y# #)}})
fw s x# = ccall f s x#
The strictness/CPR analyser won't do this automatically because it doesn't look
inside returned tuples; but inlining this wrapper is a Really Good Idea
because it exposes the boxing to the call site.
\begin{code}
dsFImport :: Module
-> Id
-> ForeignImport
-> DsM ([Binding], SDoc, SDoc, [FAST_STRING])
dsFImport modName id (CImport cconv safety header lib spec)
= dsCImport modName id spec cconv safety `thenDs` \(ids, h, c) ->
returnDs (ids, h, c, if _NULL_ header then [] else [header])
-- FIXME: the `lib' field is needed for .NET ILX generation when invoking
-- routines that are external to the .NET runtime, but GHC doesn't
-- support such calls yet; if `_NULL_ lib', the value was not given
dsFImport modName id (DNImport spec)
= dsFCall modName id (DNCall spec) `thenDs` \(ids, h, c) ->
returnDs (ids, h, c, [])
dsCImport :: Module
-> Id
-> CImportSpec
-> CCallConv
-> Safety
-> DsM ([Binding], SDoc, SDoc)
dsCImport modName id (CLabel cid) _ _
= ASSERT(fromJust resTy `eqType` addrPrimTy) -- typechecker ensures this
returnDs ([(id, rhs)], empty, empty)
where
(resTy, foRhs) = resultWrapper (idType id)
rhs = foRhs (mkLit (MachLabel cid))
dsCImport modName id (CFunction target) cconv safety
= dsFCall modName id (CCall (CCallSpec target cconv safety))
dsCImport modName id CWrapper cconv _
= dsFExportDynamic modName id cconv
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Foreign calls}
%* *
%************************************************************************
\begin{code}
dsFCall mod_Name fn_id fcall
= let
ty = idType fn_id
(tvs, fun_ty) = tcSplitForAllTys ty
(arg_tys, io_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys fun_ty
-- Must use tcSplit* functions because we want to
-- see that (IO t) in the corner
in
newSysLocalsDs arg_tys `thenDs` \ args ->
mapAndUnzipDs unboxArg (map Var args) `thenDs` \ (val_args, arg_wrappers) ->
let
work_arg_ids = [v | Var v <- val_args] -- All guaranteed to be vars
-- These are the ids we pass to boxResult, which are used to decide
-- whether to touch# an argument after the call (used to keep
-- ForeignObj#s live across a 'safe' foreign import).
maybe_arg_ids | unsafe_call fcall = work_arg_ids
| otherwise = []
in
boxResult maybe_arg_ids io_res_ty `thenDs` \ (ccall_result_ty, res_wrapper) ->
getUniqueDs `thenDs` \ ccall_uniq ->
getUniqueDs `thenDs` \ work_uniq ->
let
-- Build the worker
worker_ty = mkForAllTys tvs (mkFunTys (map idType work_arg_ids) ccall_result_ty)
the_ccall_app = mkFCall ccall_uniq fcall val_args ccall_result_ty
work_rhs = mkLams tvs (mkLams work_arg_ids the_ccall_app)
work_id = mkSysLocal SLIT("$wccall") work_uniq worker_ty
-- Build the wrapper
work_app = mkApps (mkVarApps (Var work_id) tvs) val_args
wrapper_body = foldr ($) (res_wrapper work_app) arg_wrappers
wrap_rhs = mkInlineMe (mkLams (tvs ++ args) wrapper_body)
in
returnDs ([(work_id, work_rhs), (fn_id, wrap_rhs)], empty, empty)
unsafe_call (CCall (CCallSpec _ _ safety)) = playSafe safety
unsafe_call (DNCall _) = False
\end{code}
%************************************************************************
%* *
\subsection{Foreign export}
%* *
%************************************************************************
The function that does most of the work for `@foreign export@' declarations.
(see below for the boilerplate code a `@foreign export@' declaration expands
into.)
For each `@foreign export foo@' in a module M we generate:
\begin{itemize}
\item a C function `@foo@', which calls
\item a Haskell stub `@M.$ffoo@', which calls
\end{itemize}
the user-written Haskell function `@M.foo@'.
\begin{code}
dsFExport :: Module
-> Id -- Either the exported Id,
-- or the foreign-export-dynamic constructor
-> Type -- The type of the thing callable from C
-> CLabelString -- The name to export to C land
-> CCallConv
-> Bool -- True => foreign export dynamic
-- so invoke IO action that's hanging off
-- the first argument's stable pointer
-> DsM ( Id -- The foreign-exported Id
, Binding
, SDoc
, SDoc
)
dsFExport mod_name fn_id ty ext_name cconv isDyn
= -- BUILD THE returnIO WRAPPER, if necessary
-- Look at the result type of the exported function, orig_res_ty
-- If it's IO t, return (\x.x, IO t, t)
-- If it's plain t, return (\x.returnIO x, IO t, t)
(case tcSplitTyConApp_maybe orig_res_ty of
-- We must use tcSplit here so that we see the (IO t) in
-- the type. [IO t is transparent to plain splitTyConApp.]
Just (ioTyCon, [res_ty])
-> ASSERT( ioTyCon `hasKey` ioTyConKey )
-- The function already returns IO t
returnDs (\body -> body, orig_res_ty, res_ty)
other -> -- The function returns t, so wrap the call in returnIO
dsLookupGlobalValue returnIOName `thenDs` \ retIOId ->
returnDs (\body -> mkApps (Var retIOId) [Type orig_res_ty, body],
tcFunResultTy (applyTy (idType retIOId) orig_res_ty),
-- We don't have ioTyCon conveniently to hand
orig_res_ty)
) `thenDs` \ (return_io_wrapper, -- Either identity or returnIO
io_res_ty, -- IO t
res_ty) -> -- t
-- BUILD THE deRefStablePtr WRAPPER, if necessary
(if isDyn then
newSysLocalDs stbl_ptr_ty `thenDs` \ stbl_ptr ->
newSysLocalDs stbl_ptr_to_ty `thenDs` \ stbl_value ->
dsLookupGlobalValue deRefStablePtrName `thenDs` \ deRefStablePtrId ->
dsLookupGlobalValue bindIOName `thenDs` \ bindIOId ->
let
the_deref_app = mkApps (Var deRefStablePtrId)
[ Type stbl_ptr_to_ty, Var stbl_ptr ]
stbl_app cont = mkApps (Var bindIOId)
[ Type stbl_ptr_to_ty
, Type res_ty
, the_deref_app
, mkLams [stbl_value] cont]
in
returnDs (stbl_value, stbl_app, stbl_ptr)
else
returnDs (fn_id,
\ body -> body,
panic "stbl_ptr" -- should never be touched.
)) `thenDs` \ (i, getFun_wrapper, stbl_ptr) ->
-- BUILD THE HELPER
getModuleDs `thenDs` \ mod ->
getUniqueDs `thenDs` \ uniq ->
getSrcLocDs `thenDs` \ src_loc ->
newSysLocalsDs fe_arg_tys `thenDs` \ fe_args ->
let
wrapper_args | isDyn = stbl_ptr:fe_args
| otherwise = fe_args
wrapper_arg_tys | isDyn = stbl_ptr_ty:fe_arg_tys
| otherwise = fe_arg_tys
helper_ty = mkForAllTys tvs $
mkFunTys wrapper_arg_tys io_res_ty
f_helper_glob = mkVanillaGlobal helper_name helper_ty vanillaIdInfo
where
name = idName fn_id
mod
| isLocalName name = mod_name
| otherwise = nameModule name
occ = mkForeignExportOcc (nameOccName name)
helper_name = mkGlobalName uniq mod occ src_loc
the_app = getFun_wrapper (return_io_wrapper (mkVarApps (Var i) (tvs ++ fe_args)))
the_body = mkLams (tvs ++ wrapper_args) the_app
(h_stub, c_stub) = fexportEntry (moduleUserString mod)
ext_name
(if isDyn then Nothing else Just f_helper_glob)
fe_arg_tys res_ty cconv
in
returnDs (f_helper_glob, (f_helper_glob, the_body), h_stub, c_stub)
where
(tvs,sans_foralls) = tcSplitForAllTys ty
(fe_arg_tys', orig_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys sans_foralls
-- We must use tcSplits here, because we want to see
-- the (IO t) in the corner of the type!
fe_arg_tys | isDyn = tail fe_arg_tys'
| otherwise = fe_arg_tys'
stbl_ptr_ty | isDyn = head fe_arg_tys'
| otherwise = error "stbl_ptr_ty"
(_, stbl_ptr_ty') = tcSplitForAllTys stbl_ptr_ty
(_, stbl_ptr_to_ty) = tcSplitAppTy stbl_ptr_ty'
-- Again, stable pointers are just newtypes,
-- so we must see them! Hence tcSplit*
\end{code}
@foreign export dynamic@ lets you dress up Haskell IO actions
of some fixed type behind an externally callable interface (i.e.,
as a C function pointer). Useful for callbacks and stuff.
\begin{verbatim}
foreign export dynamic f :: (Addr -> Int -> IO Int) -> IO Addr
-- Haskell-visible constructor, which is generated from the above:
-- SUP: No check for NULL from createAdjustor anymore???
f :: (Addr -> Int -> IO Int) -> IO Addr
f cback =
bindIO (newStablePtr cback)
(\StablePtr sp# -> IO (\s1# ->
case _ccall_ createAdjustor cconv sp# ``f_helper'' s1# of
(# s2#, a# #) -> (# s2#, A# a# #)))
foreign export "f_helper" f_helper :: StablePtr (Addr -> Int -> IO Int) -> Addr -> Int -> IO Int
-- `special' foreign export that invokes the closure pointed to by the
-- first argument.
\end{verbatim}
\begin{code}
dsFExportDynamic :: Module
-> Id
-> CCallConv
-> DsM ([Binding], SDoc, SDoc)
dsFExportDynamic mod_name id cconv
= newSysLocalDs ty `thenDs` \ fe_id ->
let
-- hack: need to get at the name of the C stub we're about to generate.
fe_nm = _PK_ (moduleUserString mod_name ++ "_" ++ toCName fe_id)
in
dsFExport mod_name id export_ty fe_nm cconv True `thenDs` \ ({-feb-}_, {-fe-}_, h_code, c_code) ->
newSysLocalDs arg_ty `thenDs` \ cback ->
dsLookupGlobalValue newStablePtrName `thenDs` \ newStablePtrId ->
let
mk_stbl_ptr_app = mkApps (Var newStablePtrId) [ Type arg_ty, Var cback ]
in
dsLookupGlobalValue bindIOName `thenDs` \ bindIOId ->
newSysLocalDs (mkTyConApp stablePtrTyCon [arg_ty]) `thenDs` \ stbl_value ->
let
stbl_app cont ret_ty
= mkApps (Var bindIOId)
[ Type (mkTyConApp stablePtrTyCon [arg_ty])
, Type ret_ty
, mk_stbl_ptr_app
, cont
]
{-
The arguments to the external function which will
create a little bit of (template) code on the fly
for allowing the (stable pointed) Haskell closure
to be entered using an external calling convention
(stdcall, ccall).
-}
adj_args = [ mkIntLitInt (ccallConvToInt cconv)
, Var stbl_value
, mkLit (MachLabel fe_nm)
]
-- name of external entry point providing these services.
-- (probably in the RTS.)
adjustor = SLIT("createAdjustor")
in
dsCCall adjustor adj_args PlayRisky False io_res_ty `thenDs` \ ccall_adj ->
-- PlayRisky: the adjustor doesn't allocate in the Haskell heap or do a callback
let ccall_adj_ty = exprType ccall_adj
ccall_io_adj = mkLams [stbl_value] $
Note (Coerce io_res_ty ccall_adj_ty)
ccall_adj
io_app = mkLams tvs $
mkLams [cback] $
stbl_app ccall_io_adj res_ty
fed = (id `setInlinePragma` NeverActive, io_app)
-- Never inline the f.e.d. function, because the litlit
-- might not be in scope in other modules.
in
returnDs ([fed] {-[fed, fe]-}, h_code, c_code)
where
ty = idType id
(tvs,sans_foralls) = tcSplitForAllTys ty
([arg_ty], io_res_ty) = tcSplitFunTys sans_foralls
[res_ty] = tcTyConAppArgs io_res_ty
-- Must use tcSplit* to see the (IO t), which is a newtype
export_ty = mkFunTy (mkTyConApp stablePtrTyCon [arg_ty]) arg_ty
toCName :: Id -> String
toCName i = showSDoc (pprCode CStyle (ppr (idName i)))
\end{code}
%*
%
\subsection{Generating @foreign export@ stubs}
%
%*
For each @foreign export@ function, a C stub function is generated.
The C stub constructs the application of the exported Haskell function
using the hugs/ghc rts invocation API.
\begin{code}
fexportEntry :: String
-> FAST_STRING
-> Maybe Id -- Just==static, Nothing==dynamic
-> [Type]
-> Type
-> CCallConv
-> (SDoc, SDoc)
fexportEntry mod_nm c_nm maybe_target arg_htys res_hty cc = (header_bits, c_bits)
where
-- Create up types and names for the real args
arg_cnames, arg_ctys :: [SDoc]
arg_cnames = mkCArgNames 1 arg_htys
arg_ctys = map showStgType arg_htys
-- and also for auxiliary ones; the stable ptr in the dynamic case, and
-- a slot for the dummy return address in the dynamic + ccall case
extra_cnames_and_ctys
= case maybe_target of
Nothing -> [(text "the_stableptr", text "StgStablePtr")]
other -> []
++
case (maybe_target, cc) of
(Nothing, CCallConv) -> [(text "original_return_addr", text "void*")]
other -> []
all_cnames_and_ctys :: [(SDoc, SDoc)]
all_cnames_and_ctys
= extra_cnames_and_ctys ++ zip arg_cnames arg_ctys
-- stuff to do with the return type of the C function
res_hty_is_unit = res_hty `eqType` unitTy -- Look through any newtypes
cResType | res_hty_is_unit = text "void"
| otherwise = showStgType res_hty
-- Now we can cook up the prototype for the exported function.
pprCconv = case cc of
CCallConv -> empty
StdCallConv -> text (ccallConvAttribute cc)
header_bits = ptext SLIT("extern") <+> fun_proto <> semi
fun_proto = cResType <+> pprCconv <+> ptext c_nm <>
parens (hsep (punctuate comma (map (\(nm,ty) -> ty <+> nm)
all_cnames_and_ctys)))
-- the target which will form the root of what we ask rts_evalIO to run
the_cfun
= case maybe_target of
Nothing -> text "(StgClosure*)deRefStablePtr(the_stableptr)"
Just hs_fn -> ppr hs_fn <> text "_closure"
-- the expression we give to rts_evalIO
expr_to_run
= foldl appArg the_cfun (zip arg_cnames arg_htys)
where
appArg acc (arg_cname, arg_hty)
= text "rts_apply"
<> parens (acc <> comma <> mkHObj arg_hty <> parens arg_cname)
-- various other bits for inside the fn
declareResult = text "HaskellObj ret;"
return_what | res_hty_is_unit = empty
| otherwise = parens (unpackHObj res_hty <> parens (text "ret"))
-- an extern decl for the fn being called
extern_decl
= case maybe_target of
Nothing -> empty
Just hs_fn -> text "extern StgClosure* " <> ppr hs_fn <> text "_closure" <> semi
-- finally, the whole darn thing
c_bits =
extern_decl $$
fun_proto $$
vcat
[ lbrace
, text "SchedulerStatus rc;"
, declareResult
-- create the application + perform it.
, text "rc=rts_evalIO"
<> parens (expr_to_run <+> comma <> text "&ret")
<> semi
, text "rts_checkSchedStatus" <> parens (doubleQuotes (ptext c_nm)
<> comma <> text "rc") <> semi
, text "return" <> return_what <> semi
, rbrace
]
mkCArgNames :: Int -> [a] -> [SDoc]
mkCArgNames n as = zipWith (\ _ n -> text ('a':show n)) as [n..]
mkHObj :: Type -> SDoc
mkHObj t = text "rts_mk" <> text (showFFIType t)
unpackHObj :: Type -> SDoc
unpackHObj t = text "rts_get" <> text (showFFIType t)
showStgType :: Type -> SDoc
showStgType t = text "Hs" <> text (showFFIType t)
showFFIType :: Type -> String
showFFIType t = getOccString (getName tc)
where
tc = case tcSplitTyConApp_maybe (repType t) of
Just (tc,_) -> tc
Nothing -> pprPanic "showFFIType" (ppr t)
\end{code}