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Bash Scripting Basics

This README provides an introduction to the fundamentals of Bash scripting, covering essential concepts and syntax to help you write and understand Bash scripts.

Table of Contents

• Overview
• Script Structure
• Shebang
• Comments
• Variables
• Conditional Statements
• Loops
• Functions
• Running a Bash Script
• Contributing
• License

Overview

Bash (Bourne Again SHell) is a widely-used shell and command language interpreter in Unix and Linux operating systems. Bash scripts are sequences of commands written in the Bash language and executed in a Bash environment.

This README provides a basic understanding of Bash scripting, covering key aspects such as script structure, syntax, variables, conditionals, loops, functions, and how to run a Bash script.

Script Structure

A Bash script typically follows this structure:

#!/bin/bash

# Your script commands here
# ...

Shebang

The #!/bin/bash line, known as the shebang, tells the system to use Bash to interpret the script.

Comments

Comments in Bash start with # and are used to annotate the script with human-readable information. Comments are ignored during script execution.

Variables

Variables in Bash are assigned using the syntax variable_name=value. Example:

greeting="Hello, World!"
echo $greeting

Conditional Statements

• If-else statement:

  if [ condition ]; then
      # commands if condition is true
  else
      # commands if condition is false
  fi

• Case statement:

  case $variable in
      pattern1)
          # commands for pattern1
          ;;
      pattern2)
          # commands for pattern2
          ;;
      *)
          # default commands
          ;;
  esac

Loops

• For loop:

  for i in {1..5}; do
      # commands
  done

• While loop:

  while [ condition ]; do
      # commands
  done

Functions

Functions in Bash are defined and called using the following syntax:

function_name() {
    # function body
}

# Call the function
function_name

Running a Bash Script

1. Make the script executable:

   chmod +x script_name.sh

2. Run the script:

   ./script_name.sh

Contributing

Contributions and feedback are welcome! Feel free to open issues or submit pull requests if you have any suggestions or improvements.

License

This project is licensed under the MIT License.

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