crt0.S

#include "newlib.h"
#include "arm.h"
#include "swi.h"

/* ANSI concatenation macros.  */
#define CONCAT(a, b) CONCAT2(a, b)
#define CONCAT2(a, b) a ## b

#ifdef __USER_LABEL_PREFIX__
#define FUNCTION( name ) CONCAT (__USER_LABEL_PREFIX__, name)
#else
#error __USER_LABEL_PREFIX is not defined
#endif

#ifdef _HAVE_INITFINI_ARRAY
#define _init	__libc_init_array
#define _fini	__libc_fini_array
#endif

#if defined(__ARM_EABI__) && defined(__thumb__) && !defined(__thumb2__)
/* For Thumb1 we need to force the architecture to be sure that we get the
   correct attributes on the object file; otherwise the assembler will get
   confused and mark the object as being v6T2.  */
#if defined(__ARM_ARCH_4T__)
	.arch armv4t
#elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_5T__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_5TE__)
	/* Nothing in this object requires higher than v5.  */
	.arch armv5t
#elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6J__) \
	|| defined(__ARM_ARCH_6K__) || defined(__ARM_ARCH_6Z__) \
	|| defined(__ARM_ARCH_6ZK__)
	/* Nothing in this object requires higher than v6.  */
	.arch armv6
#elif defined(__ARM_ARCH_6M__)
#ifdef ARM_RDP_MONITOR
	/* Object file uses SVC, so mark as v6s-m.  */
	.arch armv6s-m
#else
	.arch armv6-m
#endif
#endif
#endif

/* .text is used instead of .section .text so it works with arm-aout too.  */
	.text
	.syntax unified
#ifdef PREFER_THUMB
	.thumb
.macro FUNC_START name
	.global \name
	.thumb_func
\name:
.endm
#else
	.code 32
.macro FUNC_START name
	.global \name
\name:
.endm
#endif

/* Annotation for EABI unwinding tables.  */
.macro FN_EH_START
#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
	.fnstart
#endif
.endm

.macro FN_EH_END
#if defined(__ELF__) && !defined(__USING_SJLJ_EXCEPTIONS__)
	/* Protect against unhandled exceptions.  */
	.cantunwind
	.fnend
#endif
.endm

.macro indirect_call reg
#ifdef HAVE_CALL_INDIRECT
	blx \reg
#else
	mov	lr, pc
	mov	pc, \reg
#endif
.endm

/* For armv4t and newer, toolchains will transparently convert
   'bx lr' to 'mov pc, lr' if needed. GCC has deprecated support
   for anything older than armv4t, but this should handle that
   corner case in case anyone needs it anyway.  */
.macro  FN_RETURN
#if __ARM_ARCH <= 4 && __ARM_ARCH_ISA_THUMB == 0
	mov	pc, lr
#else
	bx	lr
#endif
.endm



/******************************************************************************
* User mode only:           This routine makes default target specific Stack
*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,    Pointer initialization for different processor modes:
*   |     |    SL_usr     FIQ, Abort, IRQ, Undefined, Supervisor, System (User)
*   | SYS |               and setups a default Stack Limit in-case the code has
*   | USR | -=0x10000     been compiled with "-mapcs-stack-check" for FIQ and
*   |     |               System (User) modes.
*   |     |
*   +-----+ <- initial SP,
*           becomes SP_sys   Hard-wiring SL value is not ideal, since there is
*           and SL_usr     currently no support for checking that the heap and
*                          stack have not collided, or that this default 64k is
* All modes:               is enough for the program being executed. However,
*   +-----+ <- SL_sys,     it ensures that this simple crt0 world will not
*   |     |    SL_usr      immediately cause an overflow event.
*   | SYS |
*   | USR | -=0x10000        We go through all execution modes and set up SP
*   |     |                for each of them.
*   +-----+ <- SP_sys,
*   |     |    SP_usr      Notes:
*   | SVC | -= 0x8000       - This code will not work as intended if the system
*   |     |                   starts in secure mode. In particular the methods
*   +-----+ <- SP_svc         of getting in and out of secure state are not as
*   |     |                   simple as writing to the CPSR mode bits.
*   | IRQ | -= 0x2000       - Mode switch via CPSR is not allowed once in
*   |     |                   non-privileged mode or in hypervisor mode, so we
* ^ +-----+ <- SP_und         take care not to enter "User" or "Hypervisor" mode
* s |     |                   to set up its SP, and also skip most operations if
* t | UND | -= 0x1000         already in these modes.
* a |     |                Input parameters:
* c +-----+ <- SP_und       - sp - Initialized SP
* k |     |                 - r2 - May contain SL value from semihosting
*   | ABT | -= 0x1000              SYS_HEAPINFO call
* g |     |                Scratch registers:
* r +-----+ <- SP_abt,      - r1 - new value of CPSR
* o |     |    SL_fiq       - r2 - intermediate value (in standalone mode)
* w | FIQ | -= 0x1000       - r3 - new SP value
* t |     |                 - r4 - save/restore CPSR on entry/exit
* h +-----+ <- initial SP,
*           becomes SP_fiq   Declared as "weak" so that user can write and use
*                          his own implementation if current doesn't fit.
*
******************************************************************************/
	.align	0
	FUNC_START	_stack_init
	.weak FUNCTION (_stack_init)
	FN_EH_START

	/* M profile doesn't have CPSR register.  */
#if (__ARM_ARCH_PROFILE != 'M')
	/* Following code is compatible for both ARM and Thumb ISA.  */
	mrs	r4, CPSR
	mov	r3, sp /* Save input SP value.  */
	ands	r1, r4, #(CPSR_M_MASK)
	beq	.Lskip_cpu_modes
	cmp	r1, #(CPSR_M_HYP)
	beq	.Lskip_cpu_modes

	/* FIQ mode, interrupts disabled.  */
	mov	r1, #(CPSR_M_FIQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
	msr	CPSR_c, r1
	mov	sp, r3
	sub	sl, sp, #0x1000	/* FIQ mode has its own SL.  */

	/* Abort mode, interrupts disabled.  */
	mov	r3, sl
	mov	r1, #(CPSR_M_ABT|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
	msr	CPSR_c, r1
	mov	sp, r3
	sub	r3, r3, #0x1000

	/* Undefined mode, interrupts disabled.  */
	mov	r1, #(CPSR_M_UND|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
	msr	CPSR_c, r1
	mov	sp, r3
	sub	r3, r3, #0x1000

	/* IRQ mode, interrupts disabled.  */
	mov	r1, #(CPSR_M_IRQ|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
	msr	CPSR_c, r1
	mov	sp, r3
	sub	r3, r3, #0x2000

	/* Supervisory mode, interrupts disabled.  */
	mov	r1, #(CPSR_M_SVR|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
	msr	CPSR_c, r1
	mov	sp, r3

	sub	r3, r3, #0x8000	/* Min size 32k.  */
	bic	r3, r3, #0x00FF	/* Align with current 64k block.  */
	bic	r3, r3, #0xFF00

# if __ARM_ARCH >= 4
	/* System (shares regs with User) mode, interrupts disabled.  */
	mov	r1, #(CPSR_M_SYS|CPSR_M_32BIT|CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
	msr	CPSR_c, r1
	mov	sp, r3
# else
	/* Keep this for ARMv3, but GCC actually dropped it.  */
	/* Move value into user mode SP without changing modes,  */
	/* via '^' form of ldm.  */
	str	r3, [r3, #-4]
	ldmdb	r3, {sp}^
# endif

	/* Back to original mode, presumably SVC, with diabled FIQ/IRQ.  */
	orr	r4, r4, #(CPSR_I_MASK|CPSR_F_MASK)
	msr	CPSR_c, r4

.Lskip_cpu_modes:
#endif

	/* Set SL register.  */
#if defined (ARM_RDI_MONITOR) /* semihosting */
	cmp	r2, #0
	beq	.Lsl_forced_zero
	/* Allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames.  */
# ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
	adds	r2, #128
	adds	r2, #128
	mov	sl, r2
# else
	add	sl, r2, #256
# endif
.Lsl_forced_zero:

#else /* standalone */
	/* r3 contains SP for System/User mode. Set SL = SP - 0x10000.  */
	#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
	movs	r2, #64
	lsls	r2, r2, #10
	subs	r2, r3, r2
	mov	sl, r2
	#else
	/* Still assumes 256bytes below SL.  */
	sub	sl, r3, #64 << 10
	#endif
#endif

	FN_RETURN
	FN_EH_END


/*******************************************************************************
* Main library startup code.
*******************************************************************************/
	.align 	0
	FUNC_START	_mainCRTStartup
	FUNC_START	_start
	FN_EH_START

	/* __ARM_ARCH_PROFILE is defined from GCC 4.8 onwards, however __ARM_ARCH_7A
	has been defined since 4.2 onwards, which is when v7-a support was added
	and hence 'A' profile support was added in the compiler.  Allow for this
	file to be built with older compilers.  We only call this for A profile
	cores.  */
#if defined (__ARM_ARCH_7A__) || (__ARM_ARCH_PROFILE == 'A')
/*  The init hook does not use the stack and is called before the stack has been set up.  */
#ifdef ARM_RDI_MONITOR
	bl	_rdimon_hw_init_hook
	.weak	FUNCTION (_rdimon_hw_init_hook)
#endif
#endif

/* Start by setting up a stack.  */
#ifdef ARM_RDP_MONITOR
	/*  Issue Demon SWI to read stack info.  */
	swi	SWI_GetEnv	/*  Returns command line in r0.  */
	mov	sp,r1		/*  and the highest memory address in r1.  */

	/*  Stack limit is at end of data.  */
	/*  Allow slop for stack overflow handling and small frames.  */
#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
	ldr	r0, .LC2
	adds	r0, #128
	adds	r0, #128
	mov	sl, r0
#else
	ldr	sl, .LC2
	add	sl, sl, #256
#endif
#else
#ifdef ARM_RDI_MONITOR
	/*  Issue Angel SWI to read stack info.  */
	movs	r0, #AngelSWI_Reason_HeapInfo
	adr	r1, .LC0	/*  Point at ptr to 4 words to receive data.  */
#ifdef THUMB_VXM
	bkpt	AngelSWI
#elif defined(__thumb2__)
	/*  We are in thumb mode for startup on armv7 architectures.  */
	AngelSWIAsm (AngelSWI)
#else
	/*  We are always in ARM mode for startup on pre armv7 archs.  */
	AngelSWIAsm (AngelSWI_ARM)
#endif
	ldr	r0, .LC0	/*  Point at values read.  */

	/* Set __heap_limit.  */
	ldr     r1, [r0, #4]
	cmp     r1, #0
	beq     .LC33
	ldr     r2, =__heap_limit
	str     r1, [r2]
.LC33:
	ldr     r1, [r0, #0]
	cmp     r1, #0
	bne     .LC32
	/* If the heap base value [r0, #0] is 0 then the heap base is actually 
	   at the end of program data (i.e. __end__). See:
           http://infocenter.arm.com/help/topic/com.arm.doc.dui0471-/Bacbefaa.html
	   for more information.  */
	ldr     r1, .LC31
	str     r1, [r0, #0]
.LC32:	
	ldr	r1, [r0, #8]
	ldr	r2, [r0, #12]
	/*  We skip setting SP/SL if 0 returned from semihosting.
	    - According to semihosting docs, if 0 returned from semihosting,
	      the system was unable to calculate the real value, so it's ok
	      to skip setting SP/SL to 0 here.
	    - Considering M-profile processors, We might want to initialize
	      SP by the first entry of vector table and return 0 to SYS_HEAPINFO
	      semihosting call, which will be skipped here.
	    - Considering R-profile processors there is no automatic SP init by hardware
	      so we need to initialize it by default value.  */
	ldr	r3, .Lstack
	cmp	r1, #0
	beq	.LC26
	mov	r3, r1
.LC26:
	mov	sp, r3

	/* r2 (SL value) will be used in _stack_init.  */
	bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)


#else /* standalone */
	/*  Set up the stack pointer to a fixed value. */
	/*  Changes by toralf:
	    - Allow linker script to provide stack via __stack symbol - see
	      defintion of .Lstack
	    - Provide "hooks" that may be used by the application to add
	      custom init code - see .Lhwinit and .Lswinit.  */

	ldr	r3, .Lstack
	cmp	r3, #0
#ifdef __thumb2__
	it	eq
#endif	
#ifdef THUMB1_ONLY
	bne	.LC28
	ldr	r3, .LC0
.LC28:
#else
	ldreq	r3, .LC0
#endif
	/* Note: This 'mov' is essential when starting in User, and ensures we
		 always get *some* SP value for the initial mode, even if we
		 have somehow missed it below (in which case it gets the same
		 value as FIQ - not ideal, but better than nothing).  */
	mov	sp, r3

	/* We don't care of r2 value in standalone.  */
	bl FUNCTION (_stack_init)

#endif
#endif
	/* Zero the memory in the .bss section.  */
	movs 	a2, #0			/* Second arg: fill value.  */
	mov	fp, a2			/* Null frame pointer.  */
	mov	r7, a2			/* Null frame pointer for Thumb.  */
	
	ldr	a1, .LC1		/* First arg: start of memory block.  */
	ldr	a3, .LC2	
	subs	a3, a3, a1		/* Third arg: length of block.  */
	

#if __thumb__ && !defined(PREFER_THUMB)
	/* Enter Thumb mode...  */
	add	a4, pc, #1	/* Get the address of the Thumb block.  */
	bx	a4		/* Go there and start Thumb decoding.  */

	.code 16
	.global __change_mode
	.thumb_func
__change_mode:	
#endif
	
	bl	FUNCTION (memset)
#if !defined (ARM_RDP_MONITOR) && !defined (ARM_RDI_MONITOR)
/* Changes by toralf: Taken from libgloss/m68k/crt0.S
   initialize target specific stuff. Only execute these
   functions it they exist.  */
	ldr	r3, .Lhwinit
	cmp	r3, #0
	beq	.LC24
	indirect_call r3
.LC24:	
	ldr	r3, .Lswinit
	cmp	r3, #0
	beq	.LC25
	indirect_call r3

.LC25:	
	movs	r0, #0		/* No arguments.  */
	movs	r1, #0		/* No argv either.  */
#else
	/* Need to set up standard file handles.  */
	bl	FUNCTION (initialise_monitor_handles)
	
#ifdef ARM_RDP_MONITOR
	swi	SWI_GetEnv	/* Sets r0 to point to the command line.  */
	movs	r1, r0
#else
	movs	r0, #AngelSWI_Reason_GetCmdLine
	ldr	r1, .LC30	/* Space for command line.  */
	AngelSWIAsm (AngelSWI)
	ldr	r1, .LC30
	ldr	r1, [r1]
#endif
	/*  Parse string at r1.  */
	movs	r0, #0		/* Count of arguments so far.  */
	/* Push a NULL argument onto the end of the list.  */
#ifdef __thumb__
	push	{r0}
#else
	stmfd	sp!, {r0}
#endif
.LC10:
/*  Skip leading blanks.  */
#ifdef __thumb__
	ldrb	r3, [r1]
	adds	r1, #1
#else
	ldrb	r3, [r1], #1
#endif
	cmp	r3, #0
	beq	.LC12
	cmp	r3, #' '
	beq	.LC10

/* See whether we are scanning a string.  */
	cmp	r3, #'\"'
#ifdef __thumb__
	beq	.LC20
	cmp	r3, #'\''
	bne	.LC21
.LC20:
	movs	r2, r3
	b	.LC22

.LC21:
	movs	r2, #' '	/* Terminator type.  */
	subs	r1, r1, #1	/* Adjust back to point at start char.  */
.LC22:
#else
	cmpne	r3, #'\''
	moveq	r2, r3
	movne	r2, #' '	/* Terminator type.  */
	subne	r1, r1, #1	/* Adjust back to point at start char.  */
#endif

/*  Stack a pointer to the current argument.  */
#ifdef __thumb__
	push	{r1}
#else
	stmfd	sp!, {r1}
#endif
	adds	r0, r0, #1
.LC11:
#ifdef __thumb__
	ldrb	r3, [r1]
	adds	r1, #1
#else
	ldrb	r3, [r1], #1
#endif
	cmp	r3, #0
	beq	.LC12
	cmp	r2, r3		/* Reached terminator ?  */
	bne	.LC11
	movs	r2, #0
	subs	r3, r1, #1
	strb	r2, [r3]	/* Terminate the arg string.  */
	b	.LC10

.LC12:
	mov	r1, sp		/* Point at stacked arg pointers.  */
	/* We've now got the stacked args in order, reverse them.  */
#ifdef __thumb__
	movs	r2, r0
	lsls	r2, #2
	add	r2, sp
	mov	r3, sp
.LC15:	cmp	r2, r3
	bls	.LC14
	subs	r2, #4
	ldr	r4, [r2]
	ldr	r5, [r3]
	str	r5, [r2]
	str	r4, [r3]
	adds	r3, #4
	b	.LC15
.LC14:	
	/* Ensure doubleword stack alignment.  */
	mov	r4, sp
	movs	r5, #7
	bics	r4, r5
	mov	sp, r4
#else
	add	r2, sp, r0, LSL #2	/* End of args.  */
	mov	r3, sp			/* Start of args.  */
.LC13:	cmp	r2, r3
	ldrhi	r4,[r2, #-4]		/* Reverse ends of list.  */
	ldrhi	r5, [r3]
	strhi	r5, [r2, #-4]!
	strhi	r4, [r3], #4
	bhi	.LC13
	/* Ensure doubleword stack alignment.  */
	bic	sp, sp, #7
#endif
#endif

#ifdef __USES_INITFINI__
	/* Some arm/elf targets use the .init and .fini sections
	   to create constructors and destructors, and for these
	   targets we need to call the _init function and arrange
	   for _fini to be called at program exit.  */
	movs	r4, r0
	movs	r5, r1
#ifdef _LITE_EXIT
	/* Make reference to atexit weak to avoid unconditionally pulling in
	   support code.  Refer to comments in __atexit.c for more details.  */
	.weak	FUNCTION(atexit)
	ldr	r0, .Latexit
	cmp	r0, #0
	beq	.Lweak_atexit
#endif
	ldr	r0, .Lfini
	bl	FUNCTION (atexit)
.Lweak_atexit:
	bl	FUNCTION (_init)
	movs	r0, r4
	movs	r1, r5
#endif
	bl	FUNCTION (main)

	bl	FUNCTION (exit)		/* Should not return.  */

#if __thumb__ && !defined(PREFER_THUMB)
	/* Come out of Thumb mode.  This code should be redundant.  */
	mov	a4, pc
	bx	a4

	.code 32
	.global change_back
change_back:
	/* Halt the execution.  This code should never be executed.  */
	/* With no debug monitor, this probably aborts (eventually).
	   With a Demon debug monitor, this halts cleanly.
	   With an Angel debug monitor, this will report 'Unknown SWI'.  */
	swi	SWI_Exit
#endif
	
	FN_EH_END

	/* For Thumb, constants must be after the code since only 
	   positive offsets are supported for PC relative addresses.  */
	.align 0
.LC0:
#ifdef ARM_RDI_MONITOR
	.word	HeapBase
#else
#ifndef ARM_RDP_MONITOR
	/* Changes by toralf: Provide alternative "stack" variable whose value
	   may be defined externally; .Lstack will be used instead of .LC0 if
	   it points to a non-0 value. Also set up references to "hooks" that
           may be used by the application to provide additional init code.  */
#ifdef __pe__
	.word	0x800000
#else
	.word	0x80000			/* Top of RAM on the PIE board.  */
#endif
.Lhwinit:	
	.word	FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook)
.Lswinit:
	.word	FUNCTION (software_init_hook)

	/* Set up defaults for the above variables in the form of weak symbols
	   - so that application will link correctly, and get value 0 in
	   runtime (meaning "ignore setting") for the variables, when the user
	   does not provide the symbols. (The linker uses a weak symbol if,
	   and only if, a normal version of the same symbol isn't provided
	   e.g. by a linker script or another object file.)  */

	.weak FUNCTION (hardware_init_hook) 
	.weak FUNCTION (software_init_hook)
#endif
	
#endif

.Lstack:
	.word	__stack
	.weak	__stack

.LC1:
	.word	__bss_start__
.LC2:
	.word	__bss_end__
#ifdef __USES_INITFINI__
#ifdef _LITE_EXIT
.Latexit:
	.word	FUNCTION(atexit)

	/* Weak reference _fini in case of lite exit.  */
	.weak	FUNCTION(_fini)
#endif
.Lfini:
	.word	FUNCTION(_fini)
#endif
#ifdef ARM_RDI_MONITOR
.LC30:
	.word	AngelSWIArgs
.LC31:
	.word	__end__

/*  Workspace for Angel calls.  */
	.data
/*  Data returned by monitor SWI.  */
.global	__stack_base__
HeapBase:	.word	0
HeapLimit:	.word	0
__stack_base__:	.word	0
StackLimit:	.word	0
CommandLine:	.space	256,0	/*  Maximum length of 255 chars handled.  */
AngelSWIArgs:
	.word	CommandLine
	.word	255
#endif
	
#ifdef __pe__
	.section .idata$3
	.long	0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0
#endif