星火链网底层区块链平台（下文简称星火链)作为“许可”公有链，拥有一部分的公有属性，使用星火令（类似于以太坊的gas）作为智能合约执行的消耗，同时不同账户之间可以通过交易相互转移星火令，星火链的账户模型设计了连续递增的nonce值的方式来防止出现重放攻击。
同一账户的发送的交易需要保证nonce值的连续递增，否则交易会因为nonce值太小或者太大导致失败。我们推荐用户使用多个已激活的账号做为账号池，随机使用某一未被加锁账号进行交易，交易完成时释放该账号锁，这样可以保证上链交易的成功率和性能。
使用Redisson框架实现分布式锁。
<dependency>
<groupId>org.redisson</groupId>
<artifactId>redisson</artifactId>
<version>3.11.0</version>
</dependency>public class RedissonManager {
private static Config config = new Config();
//声明redisso对象
private static Redisson redisson = null;
//实例化redisson
static{
config.useSingleServer().setAddress("redis://127.0.0.1:6379");
//得到redisson对象
redisson = (Redisson) Redisson.create(config);
}
//获取redisson对象的方法
public static Redisson getRedisson(){
return redisson;
}
}public class RedissonLock {
//从配置类中获取redisson对象
private static Redisson redisson = RedissonManager.getRedisson();
private static final String LOCK_TITLE = "redisLock_";
//加锁
public static boolean acquire(String lockName){
//声明key对象
String key = LOCK_TITLE + lockName;
//获取锁对象
RLock mylock = redisson.getLock(key);
//加锁，并且设置锁过期时间，防止死锁的产生
mylock.lock(2, TimeUnit.MINUTES);
System.err.println("======lock======"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
//加锁成功
return true;
}
//锁的释放
public static void release(String lockName){
//必须是和加锁时的同一个key
String key = LOCK_TITLE + lockName;
//获取所对象
RLock mylock = redisson.getLock(key);
//释放锁（解锁）
mylock.unlock();
System.err.println("======unlock======"+Thread.currentThread().getName());
}
}/**
* 获取分布式锁
*/
public class TransactionDemo {
private static BIFSDK sdk = BIFSDK.getInstance(SampleConstant.SDK_INSTANCE_URL);
private static Redisson redisson = RedissonManager.getRedisson();
public static void main(String[] args) {
//参数
String senderAddress1="did:bid:efLrPu7LNR4YwA5M1Kfx6BYb1JP7aPKp";
String senderPrivateKey1="priSPKteVqGoNgtKE68ZjNHAbGJsNvV9nTBkTLMYTGhVjsBY5R";
String senderAddress2="did:bid:efBdagu8sVkJWEw5kLt1w69bxa85Kuag";
String senderPrivateKey2="priSPKmCQMrjCcRgV3u2VsYhujf7QsG7Kr6Tgm94AbzCge46d8";
//账号集合
List<String> availableAccAddr = new ArrayList<String>();
availableAccAddr.add(senderAddress1+";"+senderPrivateKey1);
availableAccAddr.add(senderAddress2+";"+senderPrivateKey2);
//目的地址
String destAddress="did:bid:efnVUgqQFfYeu97ABf6sGm3WFtVXHZB2";
Long feeLimit=1000000L;
Long gasPrice=100L;
//交易对象
BIFGasSendOperation gasSendOperation= new BIFGasSendOperation();
gasSendOperation.setAmount(1L);
gasSendOperation.setDestAddress(destAddress);
while (true) {
try {
Thread.sleep(1000);
new transaction(availableAccAddr,feeLimit,gasPrice,0,gasSendOperation).start();
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
break;
}
}
System.out.println("END");
}
static class transaction extends Thread{
List<String> availableAccAddr;
Long feeLimit;
Long gasPrice;
BIFBaseOperation operation;
Integer domainId;
public transaction(List<String> availableAccAddr,Long feeLimit,Long gasPrice,Integer domainId,BIFBaseOperation operation ) {
this.availableAccAddr = availableAccAddr;
this.feeLimit = feeLimit;
this.gasPrice = gasPrice;
this.domainId = domainId;
this.operation = operation;
}
@Override
public void run() {
//随机获取交易账号
int index = new Random().nextInt(availableAccAddr.size());
String senderAddress=availableAccAddr.get(index).split(";")[0];
String senderPrivateKey=availableAccAddr.get(index).split(";")[1];
//加锁
RedissonLock.acquire(senderAddress);
System.out.println("线程"+ Thread.currentThread().getName() +"获得分布式锁:"+senderAddress);
try {
//获取账号nonce值
Long nonce=0L;
BIFAccountGetNonceRequest request = new BIFAccountGetNonceRequest();
request.setAddress(senderAddress);
RMap<Object, Object> redisHash = redisson.getMap(senderAddress);
if(!redisHash.isEmpty()){
//设置过期时间
redisHash.expire(60, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
nonce=Long.parseLong(redisHash.get("nonce").toString());
}else{
// 调用getNonce接口
BIFAccountGetNonceResponse response = sdk.getBIFAccountService().getNonce(request);
if (0 == response.getErrorCode()) {
nonce=response.getResult().getNonce()+1;
}
}
//序列化交易
BIFTransactionSerializeRequest serializeRequest = new BIFTransactionSerializeRequest();
serializeRequest.setSourceAddress(senderAddress);
serializeRequest.setNonce(nonce);
serializeRequest.setFeeLimit(feeLimit);
serializeRequest.setGasPrice(gasPrice);
serializeRequest.setOperation(operation);
serializeRequest.setDomainId(domainId);
// 调用buildBlob接口
BIFTransactionSerializeResponse serializeResponse = sdk.getBIFTransactionService().BIFSerializable(serializeRequest);
System.out.println("serializeResponse:"+ JsonUtils.toJSONString(serializeResponse.getResult()));
if (!serializeResponse.getErrorCode().equals(Constant.SUCCESS)) {
throw new SDKException(serializeResponse.getErrorCode(), serializeResponse.getErrorDesc());
}
String transactionBlob = serializeResponse.getResult().getTransactionBlob();
System.out.println("transactionBlob:"+transactionBlob);
//签名交易
byte[] signBytes = PrivateKeyManager.sign(HexFormat.hexToByte(transactionBlob), senderPrivateKey);
String publicKey = PrivateKeyManager.getEncPublicKey(senderPrivateKey);
//提交交易
BIFTransactionSubmitRequest submitRequest = new BIFTransactionSubmitRequest();
submitRequest.setSerialization(transactionBlob);
submitRequest.setPublicKey(publicKey);
submitRequest.setSignData(HexFormat.byteToHex(signBytes));
// 调用bifSubmit接口
BIFTransactionSubmitResponse transactionSubmitResponse = sdk.getBIFTransactionService().BIFSubmit(submitRequest);
if (transactionSubmitResponse.getErrorCode() == 0) {
System.out.println(senderAddress+ " ,hash: "+transactionSubmitResponse.getResult().getHash());
BIFTransactionGetInfoRequest requestHash = new BIFTransactionGetInfoRequest();
requestHash.setHash(transactionSubmitResponse.getResult().getHash());
BIFTransactionGetInfoResponse response = sdk.getBIFTransactionService().getTransactionInfo(requestHash);
int num=0;
while (response.getErrorCode() != 0) {
try{
Thread.sleep(1000);
response= sdk.getBIFTransactionService().getTransactionInfo(requestHash);
num++;
System.out.println("num "+num);
if(num>=120){
break;
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
while (response.getErrorCode() != 0) {
try{
Thread.sleep(300000);
BIFTransactionCacheRequest cacheRequest=new BIFTransactionCacheRequest();
cacheRequest.setHash(transactionSubmitResponse.getResult().getHash());
BIFTransactionCacheResponse responseTxCacheDataHash = sdk.getBIFTransactionService().getTxCacheData(cacheRequest);
if (responseTxCacheDataHash.getErrorCode() != 0) {
response= sdk.getBIFTransactionService().getTransactionInfo(requestHash);
if(response.getErrorCode()!=0){
break;
}
}
}catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
if(response.getErrorCode() == 99){ //99：nonce值过小
// 调用getNonce接口
BIFAccountGetNonceResponse nonceResponse = sdk.getBIFAccountService().getNonce(request);
if (0 == nonceResponse.getErrorCode()) {
nonce=nonceResponse.getResult().getNonce();
}
}
//更新nonce值
nonce=nonce+1;
redisHash.put("nonce",Long.toString(nonce));
RedissonLock.release(senderAddress);
System.out.println("线程"+Thread.currentThread().getName()+"释放分布式锁");
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
}场景说明：账号A可授权账号B权利值，通过设定权利值可限制账号B的交易权限，账号B可替账号A完成交易操作。
该操作用于设置账户权限。包括签名者权重列表、交易门限、指定类型交易门限。
"source_address": "did:bid:efGksjVp8DzBCDAgPZHMs4zkC6MoTrr9",//操作源账户，即操作的执行方--账号A
"set_privilege": {
"master_weight": "10",//可选，当前账户的自身权力值
"signers"://可选，需要操作的签名者列表
[
{
"address": "did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//需要操作的签名者地址,--账号B
"weight": 8 //可选，签名者的权力值
}
],
"tx_threshold": "2",//可选，发起交易需要权力值
"type_thresholds"://可选，不同操作需要的权力值
[
{
"type": 1,//创建账户操作类型
"threshold": 8 //可选，该操作需要的权力值
},
{
"type": 4,//设置metadata需要权利值
"threshold": 9 //可选该操作需要的权力值
},
{
"type": 7,//设置转移星火令需要权利值
"threshold": 10 //可选该操作需要的权力值
}
]
}import cn.bif.api.BIFSDK;
BIFSDK sdk = BIFSDK.getInstance("http://test.bifcore.bitfactory.cn"); //星火链测试网RPC地址 // 初始化参数
String senderAddress = "did:bid:zf2bbxDwdzm4g4fJNTH2ah6gbHu6PdAX2";
String senderPrivateKey = "priSrrfxxMAvnify3iRtTEW2zy87qo4N4B2gwhXSN4WFbXFJUs";
String masterWeight = "";
BIFSigner[] signers = new BIFSigner[1];
BIFSigner s=new BIFSigner();
s.setAddress("did:bid:efAsXt5zM2Hsq6wCYRMZBS5Q9HvG2EmK");
s.setWeight(8L);
signers[0]=s;
String txThreshold = "2";
BIFTypeThreshold[] typeThresholds = new BIFTypeThreshold[1];
BIFTypeThreshold d=new BIFTypeThreshold();
d.setThreshold(8L);
d.setType(1);
typeThresholds[0]=d;
BIFAccountSetPrivilegeRequest request = new BIFAccountSetPrivilegeRequest();
request.setSenderAddress(senderAddress);
request.setPrivateKey(senderPrivateKey);
request.setSigners(signers);
request.setTxThreshold(txThreshold);
request.setMasterWeight(masterWeight);
request.setTypeThresholds(typeThresholds);
request.setRemarks("set privilege");
// 调用 setPrivilege 接口
BIFAccountSetPrivilegeResponse response = sdk.getBIFAccountService().setPrivilege(request);
if (response.getErrorCode() == 0) {
System.out.println(JsonUtils.toJSONString(response.getResult()));
} else {
System.out.println(JsonUtils.toJSONString(response));
} // 初始化请求参数
String accountAddress = "did:bid:zf2bbxDwdzm4g4fJNTH2ah6gbHu6PdAX2";
BIFAccountPrivRequest request = new BIFAccountPrivRequest();
request.setAddress(accountAddress);
// 调用getAccountPriv接口
BIFAccountPrivResponse response = sdk.getBIFAccountService().getAccountPriv(request);
if (response.getErrorCode() == 0) {
BIFAccountPrivResult result = response.getResult();
System.out.println(JsonUtils.toJSONString(result));
} else {
System.out.println(JsonUtils.toJSONString(response));
}场景说明：用户处理事件过程中涉及多个合约调用、同一合约多次调用时，可使用该接口，保证事务的一致性，同时可减少交易次数，节省交易费用。
该操作用于转移星火令并触发合约。
// 初始化参数
String senderAddress = "did:bid:ef7zyvBtyg22NC4qDHwehMJxeqw6Mmrh";
String contractAddress = "did:bid:eftzENB3YsWymQnvsLyF4T2ENzjgEg41";
String senderPrivateKey = "priSPKr2dgZTCNj1mGkDYyhyZbCQhEzjQm7aEAnfVaqGmXsW2x";
Long amount = 0L;
String destAddress1 = KeyPairEntity.getBidAndKeyPair().getEncAddress();
String destAddress2 = KeyPairEntity.getBidAndKeyPair().getEncAddress();
String input1 = "{\"method\":\"creation\",\"params\":{\"document\":{\"@context\": [\"https://w3.org/ns/did/v1\"],\"context\": \"https://w3id.org/did/v1\"," +
"\"id\": \""+destAddress1+"\", \"version\": \"1\"}}}";
String input2 = "{\"method\":\"creation\",\"params\":{\"document\":{\"@context\": [\"https://w3.org/ns/did/v1\"],\"context\": \"https://w3id.org/did/v1\"," +
"\"id\": \""+destAddress2+"\", \"version\": \"1\"}}}";
List<BIFContractInvokeOperation> operations = new ArrayList<BIFContractInvokeOperation>();
//操作对象1
BIFContractInvokeOperation operation1=new BIFContractInvokeOperation();
operation1.setContractAddress(contractAddress);
operation1.setBIFAmount(amount);
operation1.setInput(input1);
//操作对象2
BIFContractInvokeOperation operation2=new BIFContractInvokeOperation();
operation2.setContractAddress(contractAddress);
operation2.setBIFAmount(amount);
operation2.setInput(input2);
operations.add(operation1);
operations.add(operation2);
BIFBatchContractInvokeRequest request = new BIFBatchContractInvokeRequest();
request.setSenderAddress(senderAddress);
request.setPrivateKey(senderPrivateKey);
request.setOperations(operations);
request.setRemarks("contract invoke");
// 调用 bifContractInvoke 接口
BIFContractInvokeResponse response = sdk.getBIFContractService().batchContractInvoke(request);
if (response.getErrorCode() == 0) {
System.out.println(JsonUtils.toJSONString(response.getResult()));
} else {
System.out.println(JsonUtils.toJSONString(response));
}交易回执结构如下：
{
"actual_fee": 776000, //交易实际花费的费用
"close_time": 1664352470872350, //交易执行完成的时间
"error_code": 0, //交易的错误码，0表示交易执行成功，非0表示交易执行失败
"error_desc": "", //交易的错误描述
"hash": "0f3477d3a6708168ce7f694a7eaf87129f7373548be0b085d3422809c03ea8d1", //交易hash值
"ledger_seq": 932290, //交易所在的区块高度
"signatures": [ //签名列表
{
"public_key": "b0656670063fd619ae607e39187477eabb70f45a657879af8c7dfe1c0dbb105dbccf23", //公钥
"sign_data": "2c212c987688c176e8b444b0e7f977d8c290ccf88a29305aadac2b693ce983827b46842e403703fd0456e23b6121cb242b1610f1926421577ee6714950dd4900" //签名数据
}
],
"transaction": { //交易内容，交易类型包括：创建账号/合约、合约调用、星火令转移、设置metadata、设置权限、记录日志
.....
},
"tx_size": 776 //交易字节数
}{
"source_address":"did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//交易源账号，即交易的发起方
"nonce":2, //交易源账户的nonce值
"fee_limit" : 1000000, //愿为交易花费的手续费
"gas_price": 1000,//gas价格(不小于配置的最低值)
"ceil_ledger_seq": 100, //可选，区块高度限制, 如果大于0，则交易只有在该区块高度之前（包括该高度）才有效
"metadata":"0123456789abcdef", //可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"operations":[
{
"type": 1, // 创建账户操作类型
"source_address": "did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//可选，操作源账户，即操作的执行方
"metadata": "0123456789abcdef",//可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"create_account": {
"dest_address": "did:bid:ef9nCb6Ge1Pj2wv7XW3hnzka6G2MkPZs",//待创建的目标账户地址
"init_balance": 100000,//目标账户的初始化余额
"priv": {
"master_weight": 1,//目标账户拥有的权力值
"thresholds": {
"tx_threshold": 1//发起交易需要的权力值
}
}
}
}
]
}{
"source_address":"did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//交易源账号，即交易的发起方
"nonce":2, //交易源账户的nonce值
"fee_limit" : 1000000, //愿为交易花费的手续费
"gas_price": 1000,//gas价格(不小于配置的最低值)
"ceil_ledger_seq": 100, //可选，区块高度限制, 如果大于0，则交易只有在该区块高度之前（包括该高度）才有效
"metadata":"0123456789abcdef", //可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"operations":[
{
"type": 1, // 创建账户操作类型
"source_address": "did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//可选，操作源账户，即操作的执行方
"metadata": "0123456789abcdef",//可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"create_account": {
"contract": { //合约
"payload": "
'use strict';
function init(bar)
{
return;
}
function main(input)
{
return;
}
function query()
{
return;
}
"//合约代码
},
"init_balance": 100000, //合约账户初始化资产
"init_input" : "{\"method\":\"toWen\",\"params\":{\"feeType\":0}}",//可选，合约代码init函数的入参
"priv": {
"master_weight": 0,//待创建的合约账户拥有的权力值
"thresholds": {
"tx_threshold": 1 //发起交易需要的权力值
}
}
}
}
]
}{
"source_address": "did:bid:ef27dchGWy9WY5xVznyPScZ6MP5CATsJF",//交易源账号，即交易的发起方
"fee_limit": 200000000,//愿为交易花费的手续费
"gas_price": 200,//gas价格(不小于配置的最低值)
"nonce": 111028, //交易源账户的nonce值
"operations": [
{
"type": 7,//合约调用类型
"pay_coin": {
"dest_address": "did:bid:efMTBwMHE7audr53KyZK5cjw3ysZUXPF", //合约地址
"input": "{\"function\":\"safeTransferFrom(address,address,string)\",\"args\":\"did:bid:ef27dchGWy9WY5xVznyPScZ6MP5CATsJF,did:bid:efdcPDsvv2RnMwAt5D1PYxMtbGvW8JjT,\u0027did:bid:efdudDHcUc4EXUyW2hTCP9JtRxfiRsDB\u0027\"}" //合约调用方法
}
}
]
}{
"fee_limit": 10253000,//愿为交易花费的手续费
"gas_price": 1000,//gas价格(不小于配置的最低值)
"nonce": 110, //交易源账户的nonce值
"operations": [
{
"pay_coin": {
"amount": 1000000000, //转账金额
"dest_address": "did:bid:ef3LqNzb4ssNf2vqwNwBfqngrA3Sx8yD" //目的地址
},
"type": 7// 交易操作类型
}
],
"source_address": "did:bid:ef249EXxmYEuvazPM5Qr77H5xN18Zba3f"//交易源账号，即交易的发起方
}{
"source_address":"did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//交易源账号，即交易的发起方
"nonce":2, //交易源账户的nonce值
"fee_limit" : 1000000, //愿为交易花费的手续费
"gas_price": 1000,//gas价格(不小于配置的最低值)
"ceil_ledger_seq": 100,//可选，区块高度限制, 如果大于0，则交易只有在该区块高度之前（包括该高度）才有效
"metadata":"0123456789abcdef",//可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"operations":[
{
"type": 4,//设置 metadata 操作类型
"source_address": "did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//可选，操作源账户，即操作的执行方
"metadata": "0123456789abcdef",//可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"set_metadata": {
"key": "abc",//metadata关键字
"value": "hello abc!",//metadata内容
"version": 0 //可选，metadata版本号
}
}
]
}{
"source_address":"did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//交易源账号，即交易的发起方
"nonce":2, //交易源账户的nonce值
"fee_limit" : 1000000, //愿为交易花费的手续费
"gas_price": 1000,//gas价格(不小于配置的最低值)
"ceil_ledger_seq": 100,//可选，区块高度限制, 如果大于0，则交易只有在该区块高度之前（包括该高度）才有效
"metadata":"0123456789abcdef",//可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"operations":[
{
"type": 9,//设置权限操作类型
"source_address": "did:bid:efEB8Lvnzw8pzDCWUmqe1XJfNZMAYRvR",//可选，操作源账户，即操作的执行方
"metadata": "0123456789abcdef",//可选，用户自定义给交易的备注，16进制格式
"set_privilege": {
"master_weight": "10",//可选，当前账户的自身权力值
"signers"://可选，需要操作的签名者列表
[
{
"address": "did:bid:ef9nCb6Ge1Pj2wv7XW3hnzka6G2MkPZs",//需要操作的签名者地址
"weight": 8 //可选，签名者的权力值
}
],
"tx_threshold": "2",//可选，发起交易需要权力值
"type_thresholds"://可选，不同操作需要的权力值
[
{
"type": 1,//创建账户操作类型
"threshold": 8 //可选，该操作需要的权力值
},
{
"type": 2,//发行资产操作类型
"threshold": 9 //可选该操作需要的权力值
}
]
}
}
]
}{
"transaction": {
"nonce": 511546,
"operations": [
{
"log": {
"datas": [
"{\"data\":\"\",\"topics\":[\"ddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef\",\"00000000000000006566ee21773c3a96a1440a669dee46e40ca3b1d28caa5e70\",\"0000000000000000656686e34bc4e3a92a07cf162c463518a9491f0c4ad56aca\",\"0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000061131\"]}"
],//日志内容
"topic": "evmLog_dced48d56925087f9883d7d9b66e71f8ea93681adc4b0d8a64771928202f74a0"// 日志主题
},
"type": 8 //记录日志操作类型
}
],
"source_address": "did:bid:efMTBwMHE7audr53KyZK5cjw3ysZUXPF"
}
}