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WebExceptionRenderer.php
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WebExceptionRenderer.php
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<?php
declare(strict_types=1);
/**
* CakePHP(tm) : Rapid Development Framework (https://cakephp.org)
* Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (https://cakefoundation.org)
*
* Licensed under The MIT License
* For full copyright and license information, please see the LICENSE.txt
* Redistributions of files must retain the above copyright notice.
*
* @copyright Copyright (c) Cake Software Foundation, Inc. (https://cakefoundation.org)
* @link https://cakephp.org CakePHP Project
* @since 4.4.0
* @license https://opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php MIT License
*/
namespace Cake\Error\Renderer;
use Cake\Controller\Controller;
use Cake\Controller\ControllerFactory;
use Cake\Controller\Exception\InvalidParameterException;
use Cake\Controller\Exception\MissingActionException;
use Cake\Core\App;
use Cake\Core\Configure;
use Cake\Core\Container;
use Cake\Core\Exception\CakeException;
use Cake\Core\Exception\MissingPluginException;
use Cake\Datasource\Exception\RecordNotFoundException;
use Cake\Datasource\Paging\Exception\PageOutOfBoundsException;
use Cake\Error\Debugger;
use Cake\Error\ExceptionRendererInterface;
use Cake\Http\Exception\HttpException;
use Cake\Http\Exception\MissingControllerException;
use Cake\Http\Response;
use Cake\Http\ResponseEmitter;
use Cake\Http\ServerRequest;
use Cake\Http\ServerRequestFactory;
use Cake\Log\Log;
use Cake\Routing\Exception\MissingRouteException;
use Cake\Routing\Router;
use Cake\Utility\Inflector;
use Cake\View\Exception\MissingLayoutException;
use Cake\View\Exception\MissingTemplateException;
use PDOException;
use Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface;
use Throwable;
use function Cake\Core\h;
use function Cake\Core\namespaceSplit;
use function Cake\I18n\__d;
/**
* Web Exception Renderer.
*
* Captures and handles all unhandled exceptions. Displays helpful framework errors when debug is true.
* When debug is false, WebExceptionRenderer will render 404 or 500 errors. If an uncaught exception is thrown
* and it is a type that WebExceptionHandler does not know about it will be treated as a 500 error.
*
* ### Implementing application specific exception rendering
*
* You can implement application specific exception handling by creating a subclass of
* WebExceptionRenderer and configure it to be the `exceptionRenderer` in config/error.php
*
* #### Using a subclass of WebExceptionRenderer
*
* Using a subclass of WebExceptionRenderer gives you full control over how Exceptions are rendered, you
* can configure your class in your config/app.php.
*/
class WebExceptionRenderer implements ExceptionRendererInterface
{
/**
* The exception being handled.
*
* @var \Throwable
*/
protected Throwable $error;
/**
* Controller instance.
*
* @var \Cake\Controller\Controller
*/
protected Controller $controller;
/**
* Template to render for {@link \Cake\Core\Exception\CakeException}
*
* @var string
*/
protected string $template = '';
/**
* The method corresponding to the Exception this object is for.
*
* @var string
*/
protected string $method = '';
/**
* If set, this will be request used to create the controller that will render
* the error.
*
* @var \Cake\Http\ServerRequest|null
*/
protected ?ServerRequest $request;
/**
* Map of exceptions to http status codes.
*
* This can be customized for users that don't want specific exceptions to throw 404 errors
* or want their application exceptions to be automatically converted.
*
* @var array<string, int>
* @psalm-var array<class-string<\Throwable>, int>
*/
protected array $exceptionHttpCodes = [
// Controller exceptions
InvalidParameterException::class => 404,
MissingActionException::class => 404,
// Datasource exceptions
PageOutOfBoundsException::class => 404,
RecordNotFoundException::class => 404,
// Http exceptions
MissingControllerException::class => 404,
// Routing exceptions
MissingRouteException::class => 404,
];
/**
* Creates the controller to perform rendering on the error response.
*
* @param \Throwable $exception Exception.
* @param \Cake\Http\ServerRequest|null $request The request if this is set it will be used
* instead of creating a new one.
*/
public function __construct(Throwable $exception, ?ServerRequest $request = null)
{
$this->error = $exception;
$this->request = $request;
$this->controller = $this->_getController();
}
/**
* Get the controller instance to handle the exception.
* Override this method in subclasses to customize the controller used.
* This method returns the built in `ErrorController` normally, or if an error is repeated
* a bare controller will be used.
*
* @return \Cake\Controller\Controller
* @triggers Controller.startup $controller
*/
protected function _getController(): Controller
{
$request = $this->request;
$routerRequest = Router::getRequest();
// Fallback to the request in the router or make a new one from
// $_SERVER
$request ??= $routerRequest ?: ServerRequestFactory::fromGlobals();
// If the current request doesn't have routing data, but we
// found a request in the router context copy the params over
if ($request->getParam('controller') === null && $routerRequest !== null) {
$request = $request->withAttribute('params', $routerRequest->getAttribute('params'));
}
$class = '';
try {
$params = $request->getAttribute('params');
$params['controller'] = 'Error';
$factory = new ControllerFactory(new Container());
// Check including plugin + prefix
$class = $factory->getControllerClass($request->withAttribute('params', $params));
if (!$class && !empty($params['prefix']) && !empty($params['plugin'])) {
unset($params['prefix']);
// Fallback to only plugin
$class = $factory->getControllerClass($request->withAttribute('params', $params));
}
if (!$class) {
// Fallback to app/core provided controller.
/** @var string $class */
$class = App::className('Error', 'Controller', 'Controller');
}
assert(is_subclass_of($class, Controller::class));
$controller = new $class($request);
$controller->startupProcess();
} catch (Throwable $e) {
Log::warning(
"Failed to construct or call startup() on the resolved controller class of `$class`. " .
"Using Fallback Controller instead. Error {$e->getMessage()}" .
"\nStack Trace\n: {$e->getTraceAsString()}",
'cake.error'
);
$controller = null;
}
if ($controller === null) {
return new Controller($request);
}
return $controller;
}
/**
* Clear output buffers so error pages display properly.
*
* @return void
*/
protected function clearOutput(): void
{
if (in_array(PHP_SAPI, ['cli', 'phpdbg'])) {
return;
}
while (ob_get_level()) {
ob_end_clean();
}
}
/**
* Renders the response for the exception.
*
* @return \Cake\Http\Response The response to be sent.
*/
public function render(): ResponseInterface
{
$exception = $this->error;
$code = $this->getHttpCode($exception);
$method = $this->_method($exception);
$template = $this->_template($exception, $method, $code);
$this->clearOutput();
if (method_exists($this, $method)) {
return $this->_customMethod($method, $exception);
}
$message = $this->_message($exception, $code);
$url = $this->controller->getRequest()->getRequestTarget();
$response = $this->controller->getResponse();
if ($exception instanceof HttpException) {
foreach ($exception->getHeaders() as $name => $value) {
$response = $response->withHeader($name, $value);
}
}
$response = $response->withStatus($code);
$exceptions = [$exception];
$previous = $exception->getPrevious();
while ($previous != null) {
$exceptions[] = $previous;
$previous = $previous->getPrevious();
}
$viewVars = [
'message' => $message,
'url' => h($url),
'error' => $exception,
'exceptions' => $exceptions,
'code' => $code,
];
$serialize = ['message', 'url', 'code'];
$isDebug = Configure::read('debug');
if ($isDebug) {
$trace = (array)Debugger::formatTrace($exception->getTrace(), [
'format' => 'array',
'args' => true,
]);
$origin = [
'file' => $exception->getFile() ?: 'null',
'line' => $exception->getLine() ?: 'null',
];
// Traces don't include the origin file/line.
array_unshift($trace, $origin);
$viewVars['trace'] = $trace;
$viewVars += $origin;
$serialize[] = 'file';
$serialize[] = 'line';
}
$this->controller->set($viewVars);
$this->controller->viewBuilder()->setOption('serialize', $serialize);
if ($exception instanceof CakeException && $isDebug) {
$this->controller->set($exception->getAttributes());
}
$this->controller->setResponse($response);
return $this->_outputMessage($template);
}
/**
* Emit the response content
*
* @param \Psr\Http\Message\ResponseInterface|string $output The response to output.
* @return void
*/
public function write(ResponseInterface|string $output): void
{
if (is_string($output)) {
echo $output;
return;
}
$emitter = new ResponseEmitter();
$emitter->emit($output);
}
/**
* Render a custom error method/template.
*
* @param string $method The method name to invoke.
* @param \Throwable $exception The exception to render.
* @return \Cake\Http\Response The response to send.
*/
protected function _customMethod(string $method, Throwable $exception): Response
{
$result = $this->{$method}($exception);
$this->_shutdown();
if (is_string($result)) {
$result = $this->controller->getResponse()->withStringBody($result);
}
return $result;
}
/**
* Get method name
*
* @param \Throwable $exception Exception instance.
* @return string
*/
protected function _method(Throwable $exception): string
{
[, $baseClass] = namespaceSplit($exception::class);
if (str_ends_with($baseClass, 'Exception')) {
$baseClass = substr($baseClass, 0, -9);
}
// $baseClass would be an empty string if the exception class is \Exception.
$method = $baseClass === '' ? 'error500' : Inflector::variable($baseClass);
return $this->method = $method;
}
/**
* Get error message.
*
* @param \Throwable $exception Exception.
* @param int $code Error code.
* @return string Error message
*/
protected function _message(Throwable $exception, int $code): string
{
$message = $exception->getMessage();
if (
!Configure::read('debug') &&
!($exception instanceof HttpException)
) {
if ($code < 500) {
$message = __d('cake', 'Not Found');
} else {
$message = __d('cake', 'An Internal Error Has Occurred.');
}
}
return $message;
}
/**
* Get template for rendering exception info.
*
* @param \Throwable $exception Exception instance.
* @param string $method Method name.
* @param int $code Error code.
* @return string Template name
*/
protected function _template(Throwable $exception, string $method, int $code): string
{
if ($exception instanceof HttpException || !Configure::read('debug')) {
return $this->template = $code < 500 ? 'error400' : 'error500';
}
if ($exception instanceof PDOException) {
return $this->template = 'pdo_error';
}
return $this->template = $method;
}
/**
* Gets the appropriate http status code for exception.
*
* @param \Throwable $exception Exception.
* @return int A valid HTTP status code.
*/
protected function getHttpCode(Throwable $exception): int
{
if ($exception instanceof HttpException) {
return $exception->getCode();
}
return $this->exceptionHttpCodes[$exception::class] ?? 500;
}
/**
* Generate the response using the controller object.
*
* @param string $template The template to render.
* @return \Cake\Http\Response A response object that can be sent.
*/
protected function _outputMessage(string $template): Response
{
try {
$this->controller->render($template);
return $this->_shutdown();
} catch (MissingTemplateException $e) {
Log::warning(
"MissingTemplateException - Failed to render error template `{$template}` . Error: {$e->getMessage()}" .
"\nStack Trace\n: {$e->getTraceAsString()}",
'cake.error'
);
$attributes = $e->getAttributes();
if (
$e instanceof MissingLayoutException ||
str_contains($attributes['file'], 'error500')
) {
return $this->_outputMessageSafe('error500');
}
return $this->_outputMessage('error500');
} catch (MissingPluginException $e) {
Log::warning(
"MissingPluginException - Failed to render error template `{$template}`. Error: {$e->getMessage()}" .
"\nStack Trace\n: {$e->getTraceAsString()}",
'cake.error'
);
$attributes = $e->getAttributes();
if (isset($attributes['plugin']) && $attributes['plugin'] === $this->controller->getPlugin()) {
$this->controller->setPlugin(null);
}
return $this->_outputMessageSafe('error500');
} catch (Throwable $outer) {
Log::warning(
"Throwable - Failed to render error template `{$template}`. Error: {$outer->getMessage()}" .
"\nStack Trace\n: {$outer->getTraceAsString()}",
'cake.error'
);
try {
return $this->_outputMessageSafe('error500');
} catch (Throwable $inner) {
throw $outer;
}
}
}
/**
* A safer way to render error messages, replaces all helpers, with basics
* and doesn't call component methods.
*
* @param string $template The template to render.
* @return \Cake\Http\Response A response object that can be sent.
*/
protected function _outputMessageSafe(string $template): Response
{
$builder = $this->controller->viewBuilder();
$builder
->setHelpers([])
->setLayoutPath('')
->setTemplatePath('Error');
$view = $this->controller->createView('View');
$response = $this->controller->getResponse()
->withType('html')
->withStringBody($view->render($template, 'error'));
$this->controller->setResponse($response);
return $response;
}
/**
* Run the shutdown events.
*
* Triggers the afterFilter and afterDispatch events.
*
* @return \Cake\Http\Response The response to serve.
*/
protected function _shutdown(): Response
{
$this->controller->dispatchEvent('Controller.shutdown');
return $this->controller->getResponse();
}
/**
* Returns an array that can be used to describe the internal state of this
* object.
*
* @return array<string, mixed>
*/
public function __debugInfo(): array
{
return [
'error' => $this->error,
'request' => $this->request,
'controller' => $this->controller,
'template' => $this->template,
'method' => $this->method,
];
}
}