genesis.go

// Copyright 2014 The go-ethereum Authors
// This file is part of the go-ethereum library.
//
// The go-ethereum library is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
//
// The go-ethereum library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
// GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
//
// You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
// along with the go-ethereum library. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.

package core

import (
	"bytes"
	"encoding/hex"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"math/big"
	"strings"

	"encoding/base64"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/common"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/common/hexutil"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/common/math"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/core/rawdb"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/core/state"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/core/types"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/ethdb"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/log"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/params"
	"github.com/CarLiveChainCo/goiov/rlp"
	"os"
)

//go:generate gencodec -type Genesis -field-override genesisSpecMarshaling -out gen_genesis.go
//go:generate gencodec -type GenesisAccount -field-override genesisAccountMarshaling -out gen_genesis_account.go

var errGenesisNoConfig = errors.New("genesis has no chain configuration")
var errNoSideGenesis = errors.New("no side genesis")
var errSideChainIdexists = errors.New("the appId already exists")

var extraData = "0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"

type SideGenesis struct {
	Genesis      *Genesis
	AppId        string
	ContractAddr common.Address
	Author       common.Address
	Code         []byte
	Alloc        map[common.Address]*big.Int
	TxHash       common.Hash
	BlockHash    common.Hash
}

type SideGeneses []*SideGenesis

// Genesis specifies the header fields, state of a genesis block. It also defines hard
// fork switch-over blocks through the chain configuration.
type Genesis struct {
	Config     *params.ChainConfig `json:"config"`
	Nonce      uint64              `json:"nonce"`
	Timestamp  uint64              `json:"timestamp"`
	ExtraData  []byte              `json:"extraData"`
	GasLimit   uint64              `json:"gasLimit"   gencodec:"required"`
	Difficulty *big.Int            `json:"difficulty" gencodec:"required"`
	Mixhash    common.Hash         `json:"mixHash"`
	Coinbase   common.Address      `json:"coinbase"`
	Alloc      GenesisAlloc        `json:"alloc"      gencodec:"required"`

	// These fields are used for consensus tests. Please don't use them
	// in actual genesis blocks.
	Number     uint64      `json:"number"`
	GasUsed    uint64      `json:"gasUsed"`
	ParentHash common.Hash `json:"parentHash"`
}

// GenesisAlloc specifies the initial state that is part of the genesis block.
type GenesisAlloc map[common.Address]GenesisAccount

func (ga *GenesisAlloc) UnmarshalJSON(data []byte) error {
	m := make(map[common.UnprefixedAddress]GenesisAccount)
	if err := json.Unmarshal(data, &m); err != nil {
		return err
	}
	*ga = make(GenesisAlloc)
	for addr, a := range m {
		(*ga)[common.Address(addr)] = a
	}
	return nil
}

// GenesisAccount is an account in the state of the genesis block.
type GenesisAccount struct {
	Code       []byte                      `json:"code,omitempty"`
	Storage    map[common.Hash]common.Hash `json:"storage,omitempty"`
	Balance    *big.Int                    `json:"balance" gencodec:"required"`
	Nonce      uint64                      `json:"nonce,omitempty"`
	PrivateKey []byte                      `json:"secretKey,omitempty"` // for tests
}

// field type overrides for gencodec
type genesisSpecMarshaling struct {
	Nonce      math.HexOrDecimal64
	Timestamp  math.HexOrDecimal64
	ExtraData  hexutil.Bytes
	GasLimit   math.HexOrDecimal64
	GasUsed    math.HexOrDecimal64
	Number     math.HexOrDecimal64
	Difficulty *math.HexOrDecimal256
	Alloc      map[common.UnprefixedAddress]GenesisAccount
}

type genesisAccountMarshaling struct {
	Code       hexutil.Bytes
	Balance    *math.HexOrDecimal256
	Nonce      math.HexOrDecimal64
	Storage    map[storageJSON]storageJSON
	PrivateKey hexutil.Bytes
}

// storageJSON represents a 256 bit byte array, but allows less than 256 bits when
// unmarshaling from hex.
type storageJSON common.Hash

func (h *storageJSON) UnmarshalText(text []byte) error {
	text = bytes.TrimPrefix(text, []byte("0x"))
	if len(text) > 64 {
		return fmt.Errorf("too many hex characters in storage key/value %q", text)
	}
	offset := len(h) - len(text)/2 // pad on the left
	if _, err := hex.Decode(h[offset:], text); err != nil {
		fmt.Println(err)
		return fmt.Errorf("invalid hex storage key/value %q", text)
	}
	return nil
}

func (h storageJSON) MarshalText() ([]byte, error) {
	return hexutil.Bytes(h[:]).MarshalText()
}

// GenesisMismatchError is raised when trying to overwrite an existing
// genesis block with an incompatible one.
type GenesisMismatchError struct {
	Stored, New common.Hash
}

func (e *GenesisMismatchError) Error() string {
	return fmt.Sprintf("database already contains an incompatible genesis block (have %x, new %x)", e.Stored[:8], e.New[:8])
}

// SetupGenesisBlock writes or updates the genesis block in db.
// The block that will be used is:
//
//                          genesis == nil       genesis != nil
//                       +------------------------------------------
//     db has no genesis |  main-net default  |  genesis
//     db has genesis    |  from DB           |  genesis (if compatible)
//
// The stored chain configuration will be updated if it is compatible (i.e. does not
// specify a fork block below the local head block). In case of a conflict, the
// error is a *params.ConfigCompatError and the new, unwritten config is returned.
//
// The returned chain configuration is never nil.
func SetupGenesisBlock(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis, testFlag ...bool) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
	if genesis != nil && genesis.Config == nil {
		return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges, common.Hash{}, errGenesisNoConfig
	}
	var appid = ""
	if genesis != nil {
		appid = genesis.Config.AppId
	}
	// Just commit the new block if there is no stored genesis block.
	//数据库没有记录的
	stored := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0, appid)
	if (stored == common.Hash{}) {

		//g:no d:no
		if genesis == nil {
			log.Info("Writing default main-net genesis block")

			if testFlag[0] {
				genesis = DefaultTestnetGenesisBlock()
			} else {
				genesis = DefaultGenesisBlock()
			}

			//g:y d:no
		} else {
			log.Info("-------Writing custom genesis block")
		}

		block, err := genesis.Commit(db)

		return genesis.Config, block.Hash(), err
	}

	//以下是数据库有创世块记录的

	// Check whether the genesis block is already written.
	//g:y d:y 不兼容
	if genesis != nil {
		hash := genesis.ToBlock(nil).Hash()
		if hash != stored {
			return genesis.Config, hash, &GenesisMismatchError{stored, hash}
		}
	}

	// Get the existing chain configuration.
	//g:n 或兼容 d:y	检查创世块config
	newcfg := genesis.configOrDefault(stored)
	storedcfg := rawdb.ReadChainConfig(db, stored, appid)
	if storedcfg == nil {
		log.Warn("Found genesis block without chain config")
		rMap := rawdb.ReadAllChainConfig(db)
		rMap[appid] = newcfg
		rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, stored, rMap, appid)
		return newcfg, stored, nil
	}
	// Special case: don't change the existing config of a non-mainnet chain if no new
	// config is supplied. These chains would get AllProtocolChanges (and a compat error)
	// if we just continued here.
	// 非主网，g:n d:y
	if genesis == nil && stored != params.MainnetGenesisHash {

		return storedcfg, stored, nil
	}

	// Check config compatibility and write the config. Compatibility errors
	// are returned to the caller unless we're already at block zero.
	// 取得深度
	height := rawdb.ReadHeaderNumber(db, rawdb.ReadHeadHeaderHash(db), appid)
	if height == nil {
		return newcfg, stored, fmt.Errorf("missing block number for head header hash")
	}
	//检查兼容性
	compatErr := storedcfg.CheckCompatible(newcfg, *height)
	if compatErr != nil && *height != 0 && compatErr.RewindTo != 0 {
		return newcfg, stored, compatErr
	}
	rMap := rawdb.ReadAllChainConfig(db)
	rMap[appid] = newcfg
	rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, stored, rMap, appid)
	return newcfg, stored, nil
}

func (g *Genesis) configOrDefault(ghash common.Hash) *params.ChainConfig {
	switch {
	case g != nil:
		return g.Config
	case ghash == params.MainnetGenesisHash:
		return params.MainnetChainConfig
	case ghash == params.TestnetGenesisHash:
		return params.TestnetChainConfig
	default:
		return params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
	}
}

// ToBlock creates the genesis block and writes state of a genesis specification
// to the given database (or discards it if nil).
func (g *Genesis) ToBlock(db ethdb.Database) *types.Block {
	if db == nil {
		db = ethdb.NewMemDatabase()
	}
	statedb, _ := state.New(common.Hash{}, state.NewDatabase(db))
	for addr, account := range g.Alloc {
		statedb.AddBalance(addr, account.Balance)
		statedb.SetCode(addr, account.Code)
		statedb.SetNonce(addr, account.Nonce)
		for key, value := range account.Storage {
			statedb.SetState(addr, key, value)
		}
	}

	log.Info("ToBlock", "Timestamp: ", g.Timestamp)

	root := statedb.IntermediateRoot(false)
	head := &types.Header{
		Number:       new(big.Int).SetUint64(g.Number),
		Nonce:        types.EncodeNonce(g.Nonce),
		Time:         new(big.Int).SetUint64(g.Timestamp),
		ParentHash:   g.ParentHash,
		Extra:        g.ExtraData,
		GasLimit:     g.GasLimit,
		GasUsed:      g.GasUsed,
		Difficulty:   g.Difficulty,
		MixDigest:    g.Mixhash,
		Coinbase:     g.Coinbase,
		Root:         root,
		Appid:        g.Config.AppId,
		Author:       g.Config.Author,
	}

	if g.GasLimit == 0 {
		head.GasLimit = params.GenesisGasLimit
	}
	if g.Difficulty == nil {
		head.Difficulty = params.GenesisDifficulty
	}
	statedb.Commit(false)
	statedb.Database().TrieDB().Commit(root, true)

	return types.NewBlock(head, nil, nil, nil)
}

// Commit writes the block and state of a genesis specification to the database.
// The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (g *Genesis) Commit(db ethdb.Database) (*types.Block, error) {

	block := g.ToBlock(db)

	if block.Number().Sign() != 0 {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("can't commit genesis block with number > 0")
	}
	rawdb.WriteTd(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), g.Difficulty, g.Config.AppId)
	rawdb.WriteBlock(db, block, g.Config.AppId)
	rawdb.WriteReceipts(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), nil, g.Config.AppId)
	rawdb.WriteCanonicalHash(db, block.Hash(), block.NumberU64(), g.Config.AppId)
	rawdb.WriteHeadBlockHash(db, block.Hash(), g.Config.AppId)
	rawdb.WriteHeadHeaderHash(db, block.Hash(), g.Config.AppId)

	config := g.Config
	if config == nil {
		config = params.AllEthashProtocolChanges
	}
	rMap := rawdb.ReadAllChainConfig(db)
	rMap[g.Config.AppId] = config
	rawdb.WriteChainConfig(db, block.Hash(), rMap, g.Config.AppId)
	return block, nil
}

// MustCommit writes the genesis block and state to db, panicking on error.
// The block is committed as the canonical head block.
func (g *Genesis) MustCommit(db ethdb.Database) *types.Block {
	block, err := g.Commit(db)
	if err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	return block
}

// GenesisBlockForTesting creates and writes a block in which addr has the given wei balance.
func GenesisBlockForTesting(db ethdb.Database, addr common.Address, balance *big.Int) *types.Block {
	g := Genesis{Alloc: GenesisAlloc{addr: {Balance: balance}}}
	return g.MustCommit(db)
}

// DefaultGenesisBlock returns the Ethereum main net genesis block.
func DefaultGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
	return &Genesis{
		Config:     params.MainnetChainConfig,
		Nonce:      0x0,
		ExtraData:  hexutil.MustDecode(extraData),
		GasLimit:   4700000,
		Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
		Timestamp:  1556178299,
		Alloc:      decodePrealloc(mainnetAllocData),
	}
}

// DefaultTestnetGenesisBlock returns the Ropsten network genesis block.
func DefaultTestnetGenesisBlock() *Genesis {

	return &Genesis{
		Config:     params.TestgiovChainConfig,
		Nonce:      0x0,
		ExtraData:  hexutil.MustDecode(extraData),
		GasLimit:   4700000,
		Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
		Timestamp:  1556178299,
		Alloc:      decodePrealloc(giovnetData),
	}
}

// DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock returns the Rinkeby network genesis block.
func DefaultRinkebyGenesisBlock() *Genesis {
	return &Genesis{
		Config:     params.RinkebyChainConfig,
		Timestamp:  1492009146,
		ExtraData:  hexutil.MustDecode("0x52657370656374206d7920617574686f7269746168207e452e436172746d616e42eb768f2244c8811c63729a21a3569731535f067ffc57839b00206d1ad20c69a1981b489f772031b279182d99e65703f0076e4812653aab85fca0f00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
		GasLimit:   4700000,
		Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
		Alloc:      decodePrealloc(giovnetData),
	}
}

// DeveloperGenesisBlock returns the 'geth --dev' genesis block. Note, this must
// be seeded with the
func DeveloperGenesisBlock(period uint64, faucet common.Address) *Genesis {
	// Override the default period to the user requested one
	config := *params.AllCliqueProtocolChanges
	config.Clique.Period = period

	// Assemble and return the genesis with the precompiles and faucet pre-funded
	return &Genesis{
		Config:     &config,
		ExtraData:  append(append(make([]byte, 32), faucet[:]...), make([]byte, 65)...),
		GasLimit:   6283185,
		Difficulty: big.NewInt(1),
		Alloc: map[common.Address]GenesisAccount{
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{1}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECRecover
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{2}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // SHA256
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{3}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // RIPEMD
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{4}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // Identity
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{5}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ModExp
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{6}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECAdd
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{7}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECScalarMul
			common.BytesToAddress([]byte{8}): {Balance: big.NewInt(1)}, // ECPairing
			faucet:                           {Balance: new(big.Int).Sub(new(big.Int).Lsh(big.NewInt(1), 256), big.NewInt(9))},
		},
	}
}

func decodePrealloc(data string) GenesisAlloc {
	var p []struct{ Addr, Balance *big.Int }
	if err := rlp.NewStream(strings.NewReader(data), 0).Decode(&p); err != nil {
		panic(err)
	}
	ga := make(GenesisAlloc, len(p))
	for _, account := range p {
		ga[common.BigToAddress(account.Addr)] = GenesisAccount{Balance: account.Balance}
	}
	return ga
}

type Taccount struct {
	Addr    *big.Int
	Balance *big.Int
}

func encodePrealloc(addrs ...string) {
	var p []Taccount

	Addr1 := common.HexToAddress("0x5e603ede4c2b510bdecef2f837b837ed2a3172d3")

	bigAddr1 := Addr1.Big()

	Addr2 := common.HexToAddress("0xbebdb081344f751dc3ee4fd4d117284f3e7de135")

	bigAddr2 := Addr2.Big()

	balance1, ok := new(big.Int).SetString("0x1eb2373fee3cc20000000000", 0)
	if !ok {
		log.Info("encodePrealloc", "SetString Addr1 fail")
		return
	}

	p = append(p, Taccount{bigAddr1, balance1})
	p = append(p, Taccount{bigAddr2, balance1})

	fh, err := os.OpenFile("temp.txt", os.O_CREATE|os.O_WRONLY|os.O_TRUNC, os.ModePerm)
	if err != nil {
		return
	}
	defer fh.Close()

	bs, err := json.Marshal(p)
	if err != nil {
		log.Info("encodePrealloc", "rlp Encode fail", err)
		return
	}

	encoded := base64.StdEncoding.EncodeToString(bs)

	_, err = fh.Write([]byte(encoded))
	if err != nil {
		log.Info("encodePrealloc", "write fail,err: ", err)
		return
	}

	log.Info("encodePrealloc", "uouaois", encoded)

	decodeAlloc(encoded)

	return

}

func decodeAlloc(encoded string) GenesisAlloc {
	var p []Taccount

	bytesContent, err := base64.StdEncoding.DecodeString(encoded)
	if err != nil {
		log.Info("decodeAlloc", "DecodeString fail,err:", err)
		return nil
	}

	err = json.Unmarshal(bytesContent, &p)
	//err := rlp.DecodeBytes(bytesContent, &p)
	if err != nil {
		log.Info("decodeAlloc fail,err: ", err)
		return nil
	}

	ga := make(GenesisAlloc, len(p))
	for _, account := range p {
		ga[common.BigToAddress(account.Addr)] = GenesisAccount{Balance: account.Balance}
		//log.Info("decodeAlloc", "Addr: ", common.BigToAddress(account.Addr), "account: ", account.Balance)
		fmt.Printf("%x\n", common.BigToAddress(account.Addr))
	}

	return ga

}

func WriteGenesis(db ethdb.Database, genesis *Genesis) (*params.ChainConfig, common.Hash, error) {
	if genesis == nil {
		return nil, common.Hash{}, errNoSideGenesis
	}
	log.Info("-------Writing custom genesis block")
	stored := rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0, genesis.Config.AppId)
	//判断该appId是否已存在
	if (stored == common.Hash{}) {
		block, err := genesis.Commit(db)
		log.Info("Successful writing", "appId", genesis.Config.AppId, "genesisHash", rawdb.ReadCanonicalHash(db, 0, genesis.Config.AppId))
		return genesis.Config, block.Hash(), err
	} else {
		log.Warn("The appId already exists", "appId", genesis.Config.AppId)
		return nil, common.Hash{}, errSideChainIdexists
	}
}

//对侧链创世块进行初始化
func MakeGenesis(sideGenesis *SideGenesis) (genesis *Genesis) {
	if sideGenesis.Genesis == nil {
		genesis = new(Genesis)
	} else {
		genesis = sideGenesis.Genesis
	}
	// 如果 genesis.config 为空，以 appId 为 chainId 创建一个默认的创世块
	appId, _ := new(big.Int).SetString(sideGenesis.AppId, 10)
	if genesis.Config == nil {
		genesis.Config = &params.ChainConfig{
			ChainId:             appId,
			HomesteadBlock:      params.TestnetChainConfig.HomesteadBlock,
			EIP150Block:         params.TestnetChainConfig.EIP150Block,
			EIP150Hash:          common.HexToHash("0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000"),
			EIP155Block:         params.TestnetChainConfig.EIP155Block,
			EIP158Block:         params.TestnetChainConfig.EIP158Block,
			ByzantiumBlock:      params.TestnetChainConfig.ByzantiumBlock,
			ConstantinopleBlock: nil,
			AppId:               sideGenesis.AppId,
			TxHash:              sideGenesis.TxHash,
			Author:              sideGenesis.Author,
			BlockHash:           sideGenesis.BlockHash,
		}
	}
	genesis.Config.Alien = new(params.AlienConfig)
	genesis.Config.Alien.SideChain = false

	genesis.Config.Alien.SelfVoteSigners = append(genesis.Config.Alien.SelfVoteSigners, sideGenesis.Author)
	genesis.Config.Alien.Period = uint64(2)
	genesis.Config.Alien.AppId = sideGenesis.AppId
	genesis.Config.Alien.Freeze = 20
	genesis.Config.Alien.MinVoteValue = new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(1), big.NewInt(1e+18))
	genesis.Config.Alien.SelfVoteValue = new(big.Int).Mul(big.NewInt(10), big.NewInt(1e+18))

	if genesis.Nonce == 0 {
		genesis.Nonce = params.SideNonce
	}
	if genesis.ExtraData == nil { //
		genesis.ExtraData = params.SideExtraData
	}
	if genesis.GasLimit == 0 {
		genesis.GasLimit = params.SideGasLimit
	}
	if genesis.Difficulty == nil {
		genesis.Difficulty = params.SideDifficulty
	}
	genesis.Alloc = GenesisAlloc{sideGenesis.Author: {Balance: params.SideDefaultBalance,Nonce:1}}
	return genesis
}