cettia.es6

/*
 * Cettia
 * http://cettia.io/projects/cettia-javascript-client/
 *
 * Copyright 2019 the original author or authors.
 * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
 */
import msgpack from 'msgpack-lite';
import traverse from 'traverse';

if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== "browser") {
  window = require("jsdom").jsdom().defaultView;
  window.WebSocket = require("ws");
  window.EventSource = require("eventsource");
}

// A global identifier
var guid = 1;
// Prototype shortcuts
var slice = Array.prototype.slice;
// Variables for Node
var document = window.document;
var location = window.location;
var navigator = window.navigator;
var XMLHttpRequest = window.XMLHttpRequest;

// Most are inspired by jQuery
var util = {};
util.makeAbsolute = function(url) {
  // Assumes the given url is absolute in an environment such as React Native where the document is not available
  if (!document) {
    return url;
  }

  var div = document.createElement("div");
  // Uses an innerHTML property to obtain an absolute URL
  div.innerHTML = '<a href="' + url + '"/>';
  // encodeURI and decodeURI are needed to normalize URL between IE and non-IE,
  // since IE doesn't encode the href property value and return it - http://jsfiddle.net/Yq9M8/1/
  return encodeURI(decodeURI(div.firstChild.href));
};
util.on = function(elem, type, fn) {
  if (elem.addEventListener) {
    elem.addEventListener(type, fn, false);
  } else if (elem.attachEvent) {
    elem.attachEvent("on" + type, fn);
  }
};
util.stringifyURI = function(url, params) {
  var name;
  var s = [];
  params = params || {};
  params._ = guid++;
  // params is supposed to be one-depth object
  for (name in params) {
    // null or undefined param value should be excluded
    if (params[name] != null) {
      s.push(encodeURIComponent(name) + "=" + encodeURIComponent(params[name]));
    }
  }
  return url + (/\?/.test(url) ? "&" : "?") + s.join("&").replace(/%20/g, "+");
};
util.parseURI = function(url) {
  // Deal with only query part
  var obj = {
    query: {}
  };
  var match = /.*\?([^#]*)/.exec(url);
  if (match) {
    var array = match[1].split("&");
    for (var i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
      var part = array[i].split("=");
      obj.query[decodeURIComponent(part[0])] = decodeURIComponent(part[1] || "");
    }
  }
  return obj;
};
// CORS able
util.corsable = "withCredentials" in new XMLHttpRequest();
// Browser sniffing
util.browser = (function() {
  // navigator.userAgent is undefined in React Native
  var ua = (navigator.userAgent || "").toLowerCase();
  var browser = {};
  var match =
    // IE 9-10
    /(msie) ([\w.]+)/.exec(ua) ||
    // IE 11+
    /(trident)(?:.*? rv:([\w.]+)|)/.exec(ua) ||
    // Safari
    ua.indexOf("android") < 0 && /version\/(.+) (safari)/.exec(ua) || [];

  // Swaps variables
  if (match[2] === "safari") {
    match[2] = match[1];
    match[1] = "safari";
  }
  browser[match[1] || ""] = true;
  browser.version = match[2] || "0";
  browser.vmajor = browser.version.split(".")[0];
  // Trident is the layout engine of IE
  if (browser.trident) {
    browser.msie = true;
  }
  return browser;
})();
util.crossOrigin = function(uri) {
  // Returns true in an environment such as React Native where the location is not available
  if (!location) {
    return true;
  }

  // Origin parts
  var parts = /^([\w\+\.\-]+:)(?:\/\/([^\/?#:]*)(?::(\d+))?)?/.exec(uri.toLowerCase());
  return !!(parts && (
    // protocol
    parts[1] != location.protocol ||
    // hostname
    parts[2] != location.hostname ||
    // port
    (parts[3] || (parts[1] === "http:" ? 80 : 443)) !=
    (location.port || (location.protocol === "http:" ? 80 : 443))
  ));
};

// Inspired by jQuery.Callbacks
function createCallbacks(deferred) {
  var locked;
  var memory;
  var firing;
  var firingStart;
  var firingLength;
  var firingIndex;
  var list = [];
  var fire = function(context, args) {
    args = args || [];
    memory = !deferred || [context, args];
    firing = true;
    firingIndex = firingStart || 0;
    firingStart = 0;
    firingLength = list.length;
    for (; firingIndex < firingLength && !locked; firingIndex++) {
      list[firingIndex].apply(context, args);
    }
    firing = false;
  };
  var self = {
    add: function(fn) {
      var length = list.length;

      list.push(fn);
      if (firing) {
        firingLength = list.length;
      } else if (!locked && memory && memory !== true) {
        firingStart = length;
        fire(memory[0], memory[1]);
      }
    },
    remove: function(fn) {
      var i;

      for (i = 0; i < list.length; i++) {
        if (fn === list[i] || (fn.guid && fn.guid === list[i].guid)) {
          if (firing) {
            if (i <= firingLength) {
              firingLength--;
              if (i <= firingIndex) {
                firingIndex--;
              }
            }
          }
          list.splice(i--, 1);
        }
      }
    },
    fire: function(context, args) {
      if (!locked && !firing && !(deferred && memory)) {
        fire(context, args);
      }
    },
    lock: function() {
      locked = true;
    },
    locked: function() {
      return !!locked;
    },
    unlock: function() {
      locked = memory = firing = firingStart = firingLength = firingIndex = undefined;
    }
  };

  return self;
}

// Socket object
function createSocket(uris, options) {
  // Default socket options
  var defaults = {
    reconnect: function(lastDelay) {
      return 2 * (lastDelay || 250);
    },
    transports: [createWebSocketTransport, createHttpStreamTransport, createHttpLongpollTransport]
  };
  // Overrides defaults
  if (options) {
    for (var i in options) {
      defaults[i] = options[i];
    }
  }
  options = defaults;

  // Socket
  var self = {};
  // Events
  var events = {};
  // Adds event handler
  self.on = function(type, fn) {
    var event;
    // For custom event
    event = events[type];
    if (!event) {
      if (events.message.locked()) {
        return this;
      }
      event = events[type] = createCallbacks();
      event.order = events.message.order;
    }
    event.add(fn);
    return this;
  };
  // Removes event handler
  self.off = function(type, fn) {
    var event = events[type];
    if (event) {
      event.remove(fn);
    }
    return this;
  };
  // Adds one time event handler
  self.once = function(type, fn) {
    function proxy() {
      self.off(type, proxy);
      fn.apply(self, arguments);
    }

    fn.guid = fn.guid || guid++;
    proxy.guid = fn.guid;
    return self.on(type, proxy);
  };
  // Fires event handlers
  self.fire = function(type) {
    var event = events[type];
    if (event) {
      event.fire(self, slice.call(arguments, 1));
    }
    return this;
  };

  // Networking
  // Transport associated with this socket
  var transport;
  // Reconnection
  var reconnectTimer;
  var reconnectDelay;
  var reconnectTry = 0;
  // For internal use only
  // Establishes a connection
  self.open = function() {
    // Resets the transport
    transport = null;
    // Cancels the scheduled connection
    clearTimeout(reconnectTimer);
    // Resets event helpers
    events.connecting.unlock();
    events.open.unlock();
    events.close.unlock();
    events.waiting.unlock();
    // Fires the connecting event and connects to the server
    return self.fire("connecting");
  };
  // Disconnects the connection
  self.close = function() {
    // Prevents reconnection
    options.reconnect = false;
    clearTimeout(reconnectTimer);
    if (state === "connecting") {
      // It will execute the connecting transport's stop function
      self.fire("close");
    } else if (state === "opened") {
      // It will fire the close event to socket
      transport.close();
    }
    return this;
  };
  // Id
  var id;
  // If the user sets this option, we should have full control of window.name
  // It's obstructive but inevitable
  if (options.name) {
    if (window.name) {
      var names = JSON.parse(window.name);
      id = names[options.name];
    }
  }
  // State
  var state;
  self.state = function() {
    return state;
  };
  // Each event represents a possible state of this socket
  // they are considered as special event and works in a different way
  for (var i in {
      connecting: 1,
      open: 1,
      close: 1,
      waiting: 1
    }) {
    // This event fires only one time and handlers being added after fire are fired immediately
    events[i] = createCallbacks(true);
    // State transition order
    events[i].order = guid++;
  }
  // However all the other event including message event work as you expected
  // it fires many times and handlers are executed whenever it fires
  events.message = createCallbacks(false);
  // It shares the same order with the open event because it can be fired when a socket is in the
  // opened state
  events.message.order = events.open.order;
  // State transition
  self.on("connecting", function() {
      // From null state
      state = "connecting";
      // Final URIs to work with transport
      var candidates = Array.isArray(uris) ? slice.call(uris) : [uris];
      for (var i = 0; i < candidates.length; i++) {
        // Attaches the id to uri
        var uri = candidates[i] = util.stringifyURI(util.makeAbsolute(candidates[i]), {
          "cettia-version": "1.0",
          "cettia-id": id
        });
        // Translates an abbreviated uri
        if (/^https?:/.test(uri) && !util.parseURI(uri).query["cettia-transport-name"]) {
          candidates.splice(i, 1,
            uri.replace(/^http/, "ws"),
            // util.stringifyURI is used since we don't know if uri has already query
            util.stringifyURI(uri, {
              "cettia-transport-name": "stream"
            }),
            util.stringifyURI(uri, {
              "cettia-transport-name": "longpoll"
            }));
          i = i + 2;
        }
      }
      // Finds a working transport
      (function find() {
        var uri = candidates.shift();
        // If every available transport failed
        if (!uri) {
          self.fire("error", new Error())
            // Fires the close event instead of executing close method which destorys the socket
            .fire("close");
          return;
        }
        // Deremines a transport from URI through transports option
        var testTransport;
        for (var i = 0; i < options.transports.length; i++) {
          testTransport = options.transports[i](uri, options);
          if (testTransport) {
            break;
          }
        }
        // It would be null if it can't run on this environment or handle given URI
        if (!testTransport) {
          find();
          return;
        }
        // This is to stop the whole process to find a working transport
        // when socket's close method is called while doing that
        function stop() {
          testTransport.off("close", find).close();
        }

        self.once("close", stop);
        testTransport.on("close", find).on("close", function() {
            self.off("close", stop);
          })
          .on("text", function handshaker(data) {
            // handshaker is one-time event handler
            testTransport.off("text", handshaker);
            var headers = util.parseURI(data).query;
            // An issued id
            if (id !== headers["cettia-id"]) {
              id = headers["cettia-id"];
              self.fire("new");
            }
            // An heartbeat option can't be set by user
            options.heartbeat = +headers["cettia-heartbeat"];
            // To speed up heartbeat test
            options._heartbeat = +headers["cettia-_heartbeat"] || 5000;
            // Now that handshaking is completed, associates the transport with the socket
            transport = testTransport.off("close", find);

            // Handles an inbound event object
            function onevent(event) {
              var latch;
              var reply = function(success) {
                return function(value) {
                  // The latch prevents double reply.
                  if (!latch) {
                    latch = true;
                    self.send("reply", {
                      id: event.id,
                      data: value,
                      exception: !success
                    });
                  }
                };
              };
              var args = [event.type, event.data, !event.reply ? null : {
                resolve: reply(true),
                reject: reply(false)
              }];
              self.fire.apply(self, args);
            }

            var skip;
            transport.on("text", function(data) {
                // Because this handler is executed on dispatching text event,
                // first message for handshaking should be skipped
                if (!skip) {
                  skip = true;
                  return;
                }
                onevent(JSON.parse(data));
              })
              .on("binary", function(data) {
                // In browser, data is ArrayBuffer and should be wrapped in Uint8Array
                // In Node, data should be Buffer
                if (process.env.NODE_ENV === "browser") {
                  data = new Uint8Array(data);
                }
                onevent(msgpack.decode(data));
              })
              .on("error", function(error) {
                // If the underlying connection is closed due to this error, accordingly close event
                // will be triggered
                self.fire("error", error);
              })
              .on("close", function() {
                self.fire("close");
              });
            // And fires open event to socket
            self.off("close", stop).fire("open");
          })
          .open();
      })();
    })
    .on("new", function() {
      if (options.name) {
        var names = window.name ? JSON.parse(window.name) : {};
        names[options.name] = id;
        window.name = JSON.stringify(names);
      }
    })
    .on("open", function() {
      // From connecting state
      state = "opened";
      var heartbeatTimer;
      // Sets a heartbeat timer and clears it on close event
      (function setHeartbeatTimer() {
        // heartbeat event will be sent after options.heartbeat - options._heartbeat ms
        heartbeatTimer = setTimeout(function() {
          self.send("heartbeat").once("heartbeat", function() {
            clearTimeout(heartbeatTimer);
            setHeartbeatTimer();
          });
          // transport will be closed after options._heartbeat ms unless the server responds it
          heartbeatTimer = setTimeout(function() {
            self.fire("error", new Error("heartbeat"));
            // Now that the transport doesn't realize its connection is closed, execute close method
            // It will also fire close event to transport and accordingly socket
            transport.close();
          }, options._heartbeat);
        }, options.heartbeat - options._heartbeat);
      })();
      self.once("close", function() {
        clearTimeout(heartbeatTimer);
      });
      // Locks the connecting event
      events.connecting.lock();
      // Initializes variables related with reconnection
      reconnectTimer = reconnectDelay = null;
      reconnectTry = 0;
    })
    .on("close", function() {
      // From connecting or opened state
      state = "closed";
      // Locks event whose order is lower than close event among reserved events
      events.connecting.lock();
      events.open.lock();

      // Schedules reconnection
      if (options.reconnect) {
        // By adding a handler by one method in event handling
        // it will be the last one of close event handlers having been added
        self.once("close", function() {
          reconnectDelay = options.reconnect.call(self, reconnectDelay, reconnectTry);
          if (reconnectDelay !== false) {
            reconnectTry++;
            reconnectTimer = setTimeout(function() {
              self.open();
            }, reconnectDelay);
            self.fire("waiting", reconnectDelay, reconnectTry);
          }
        });
      }
    })
    .on("waiting", function() {
      // From closed state
      state = "waiting";
    });

  // Messaging
  // A map for reply callback
  var callbacks = {};
  // Sends an event to the server via the connection
  self.send = function(type, data, onResolved, onRejected) {
    if (state !== "opened") {
      self.fire("cache", [type, data, onResolved, onRejected]);
      return this;
    }

    // Outbound event
    var event = {
      id: guid++,
      type: type,
      data: data,
      reply: !!(onResolved || onRejected)
    };
    if (event.reply) {
      callbacks[event.id] = [onResolved, onRejected];
    }

    // Determines if the given data contains binary
    var hasBinary = false;
    if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== "browser") {
      // Applies to Node.js only
      hasBinary = traverse(data).reduce(function(hasBuffer, e) {
        // 'ArrayBuffer' refers to window.ArrayBuffer not global.ArrayBuffer
        return hasBuffer || Buffer.isBuffer(e) || global.ArrayBuffer.isView(e);
      }, false);
    } else {
      // IE 9 doesn't support typed arrays
      var ArrayBuffer = window.ArrayBuffer;
      if (ArrayBuffer) {
        JSON.stringify(data, function(key, value) {
          hasBinary = hasBinary || ArrayBuffer.isView(value);
          return value;
        });
      }
    }

    // Delegates to the transport
    if (hasBinary) {
      transport.send(msgpack.encode(event));
    } else {
      transport.send(JSON.stringify(event));
    }
    return this;
  };
  self.on("reply", function(reply) {
    // callbacks[reply.id] is [onResolved, onRejected]
    // FYI +false and +true is 0 and 1, respectively
    callbacks[reply.id][+reply.exception].call(self, reply.data);
    delete callbacks[reply.id];
  });
  return self.open();
}

function createBaseTransport(uri, options) {
  var timeout = options && options.timeout || 3000;
  var self = {};
  self.open = function() {
    // Establishes a real connection
    self.connect();
    // Sets a timeout timer and clear it on open or close event
    var timeoutTimer = setTimeout(function() {
      self.fire("error", new Error("timeout"))
        // To abort connection
        .close();
    }, timeout);

    function clearTimeoutTimer() {
      clearTimeout(timeoutTimer);
    }

    self.on("open", clearTimeoutTimer).on("close", clearTimeoutTimer);
    return this;
  };
  // Transport events
  var events = {
    open: createCallbacks(true),
    text: createCallbacks(),
    binary: createCallbacks(),
    error: createCallbacks(),
    close: createCallbacks(true)
  };
  self.on = function(type, fn) {
    events[type].add(fn);
    return this;
  };
  self.off = function(type, fn) {
    events[type].remove(fn);
    return this;
  };
  self.fire = function(type) {
    events[type].fire(self, slice.call(arguments, 1));
    return this;
  };
  var opened = false;
  self.on("open", function() {
    opened = true;
  });
  self.on("close", function() {
    opened = false;
    // Locks every event except close event
    for (var type in events) {
      if (type !== "close") {
        events[type].lock();
      }
    }
  });
  self.send = function(data) {
    if (opened) {
      self.write(data);
    } else {
      self.emit("error", new Error("notopened"));
    }
    return this;
  };
  return self;
}

function createWebSocketTransport(uri, options) {
  var WebSocket = window.WebSocket;
  if (!WebSocket || !/^wss?:/.test(uri)) {
    return;
  }
  var ws;
  var self = createBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.connect = function() {
    ws = new WebSocket(uri);
    // Reads binary frame as ArrayBuffer
    ws.binaryType = "arraybuffer";
    ws.onopen = function() {
      self.fire("open");
    };
    ws.onmessage = function(event) {
      if (typeof event.data === "string") {
        self.fire("text", event.data);
      } else {
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== "browser") {
          // As of ws 1.1+, event.data is ArrayBuffer
          self.fire("binary", Buffer.from(event.data));
        } else {
          self.fire("binary", event.data);
        }
      }
    };
    ws.onerror = function() {
      // In some browsers, if onerror is called, onclose is not called.
      self.fire("error", new Error()).fire("close");
    };
    ws.onclose = function() {
      self.fire("close");
    };
  };
  self.write = function(data) {
    ws.send(data);
  };
  self.close = function() {
    ws.close();
    return this;
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpBaseTransport(uri, options) {
  var xdrURL = options && options.xdrURL;
  var self = createBaseTransport(uri, options);
  // Because id is set on open event
  var sendURI;
  self.on("open", function() {
      sendURI = util.stringifyURI(uri, {
        "cettia-transport-id": self.id
      });
    })
    .on("close", function() {
      sendURI = null;
    });
  var sending = false;
  var queue = [];
  var onload = function() {
    if (queue.length) {
      send(queue.shift());
    } else {
      sending = false;
    }
  };
  var onerror = function() {
    // Even though it fails to send a message, the connection may turn out to be opened
    if (sendURI) {
      // However it's likely that the connection was closed but the transport couldn't detect it
      // Because if the connection is really alive, then sending a message shouldn't have failed
      // To make it clear, closes the connection
      self.fire("error", new Error()).close();
    }
  };
  var send = !util.crossOrigin(uri) || util.corsable ?
    // By XMLHttpRequest
    function(data) {
      var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
      xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
        if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
          if (xhr.status === 200) {
            onload();
          } else {
            onerror();
          }
        }
      };
      xhr.open("POST", sendURI);
      xhr.withCredentials = true;
      // data is either a string or an ArrayBuffer
      if (typeof data === "string") {
        // In XMLHttpRequest of jsdom used to provide window in Node.js,
        // request headers are case sensitive and it checks content-type header by 'Content-Type'
        xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "text/plain; charset=UTF-8");
        xhr.send("data=" + data);
      } else {
        // ArrayBuffer can be sent by only XMLHttpRequest 2
        xhr.setRequestHeader("Content-Type", "application/octet-stream");
        if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== "browser") {
          // API for Node is supposed to send Buffer but jsdom's XMLHttpRequest doesn't
          // support doing that so convert it to ArrayBuffer
          data = new Uint8Array(data).buffer;
        }
        xhr.send(data);
      }
      return this;
    } : window.XDomainRequest && xdrURL ?
    // By XDomainRequest
    function(data) {
      // Only text/plain is supported for the request's Content-Type header from the fourth at
      // http://blogs.msdn.com/b/ieinternals/archive/2010/05/13/xdomainrequest-restrictions-limitations-and-workarounds.aspx
      var xdr = new window.XDomainRequest();
      xdr.onload = onload;
      xdr.onerror = onerror;
      xdr.open("POST", xdrURL.call(self, sendURI));
      xdr.send("data=" + data);
      return this;
    } :
    // By HTMLFormElement
    function(data) {
      var iframe;
      var textarea;
      var form = document.createElement("form");
      form.action = sendURI;
      form.target = "socket-" + (guid++);
      form.method = "POST";
      form.enctype = "text/plain";
      form.acceptCharset = "UTF-8";
      form.style.display = "none";
      form.innerHTML = '<textarea name="data"></textarea><iframe name="' + form.target + '"></iframe>';
      textarea = form.firstChild;
      textarea.value = data;
      iframe = form.lastChild;
      util.on(iframe, "error", function() {
        onerror();
      });
      util.on(iframe, "load", function() {
        document.body.removeChild(form);
        onload();
      });
      document.body.appendChild(form);
      form.submit();
      return this;
    };
  self.write = function(data) {
    if (!sending) {
      sending = true;
      send(data);
    } else {
      queue.push(data);
    }
  };
  // To notify server only once
  var latch;
  self.close = function() {
    // Aborts the real connection
    self.abort();
    if (!latch) {
      latch = true;
      // Skips sending the abort request in an environment like React Native where the document is not available
      if (!document) {
        return this;
      }

      // Sends the abort request to the server
      // this request is supposed to work even in unloading event so script tag should be used
      var script = document.createElement("script");
      script.async = false;
      script.src = util.stringifyURI(uri, {
        "cettia-transport-id": self.id,
        "cettia-transport-when": "abort"
      });
      script.onload = script.onerror = function() {
        if (script.parentNode) {
          script.parentNode.removeChild(script);
        }
        // Fires the close event but it may be already fired by transport
        self.fire("close");
      };
      document.head.appendChild(script);
    }
    return this;
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpStreamTransport(uri, options) {
  if (/^https?:/.test(uri) && util.parseURI(uri).query["cettia-transport-name"] === "stream") {
    return createHttpSseTransport(uri, options) ||
      createHttpStreamXhrTransport(uri, options) ||
      createHttpStreamXdrTransport(uri, options) ||
      createHttpStreamIframeTransport(uri, options);
  }
}

function createHttpStreamBaseTransport(uri, options) {
  var buffer = "";
  var self = createHttpBaseTransport(uri, options);
  // The detail about parsing is explained in the reference implementation
  self.parse = function(chunk) {
    // Strips off the left padding of the chunk that appears in the
    // first chunk
    chunk = chunk.replace(/^\s+/, "");
    // The chunk should be not empty for correct parsing,
    if (chunk) {
      // String.prototype.split with string separator is reliable cross-browser
      var lines = (buffer + chunk).split("\n\n");
      for (var i = 0; i < lines.length - 1; i++) {
        self.onmessage(lines[i].substring("data: ".length));
      }
      buffer = lines[lines.length - 1];
    }
  };
  var handshaked;
  self.onmessage = function(data) {
    // The first message is handshake result
    if (!handshaked) {
      handshaked = true;
      var query = util.parseURI(data).query;
      // Assign a newly issued identifier for this transport
      self.id = query["cettia-transport-id"];
      self.fire("open");
    } else {
      var code = data.substring(0, 1);
      data = data.substring(1);
      switch (code) {
        case "1":
          self.fire("text", data);
          break;
        case "2":
          // The same condition used in UMD
          if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== "browser") {
            data = Buffer.from(data, "base64");
          } else {
            // Decodes Base64 encoded string
            var decoded = atob(data);
            // And converts it to ArrayBuffer
            var array = new Uint8Array(data.length);
            for (var i = 0; i < decoded.length; i++) {
              array[i] = decoded.charCodeAt(i);
            }
            data = array.buffer;
          }
          self.fire("binary", data);
          break;
      }
    }
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpSseTransport(uri, options) {
  var EventSource = window.EventSource;
  if (!EventSource || (util.crossOrigin(uri) && util.browser.safari && util.browser.vmajor < 7)) {
    return;
  }
  var es;
  var self = createHttpStreamBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.connect = function() {
    es = new EventSource(uri + "&cettia-transport-version=1.0&cettia-transport-when=open&cettia-transport-sse=true", {
      withCredentials: true
    });
    es.onmessage = function(event) {
      self.onmessage(event.data);
    };
    es.onerror = function() {
      es.close();
      // There is no way to find whether there was an error or not
      self.fire("close");
    };
  };
  self.abort = function() {
    es.close();
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpStreamXhrTransport(uri, options) {
  if ((util.browser.msie && util.browser.vmajor < 10) || (util.crossOrigin(uri) && !util.corsable)) {
    return;
  }
  var xhr;
  var self = createHttpStreamBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.connect = function() {
    var index;
    xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
      if (xhr.readyState === 3 && xhr.status === 200) {
        self.parse(!index ? xhr.responseText : xhr.responseText.substring(index));
        index = xhr.responseText.length;
      } else if (xhr.readyState === 4) {
        if (xhr.status !== 200) {
          // Here the connection is already closed
          self.fire("error", new Error());
        }
        self.fire("close");
      }
    };
    xhr.open("GET", uri + "&cettia-transport-version=1.0&cettia-transport-when=open");
    xhr.withCredentials = true;
    xhr.send();
  };
  self.abort = function() {
    xhr.abort();
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpStreamXdrTransport(uri, options) {
  var xdrURL = options && options.xdrURL;
  var XDomainRequest = window.XDomainRequest;
  if (!xdrURL || !XDomainRequest) {
    return;
  }
  var xdr;
  var self = createHttpStreamBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.connect = function() {
    var index;
    xdr = new XDomainRequest();
    xdr.onprogress = function() {
      self.parse(!index ? xdr.responseText : xdr.responseText.substring(index));
      index = xdr.responseText.length;
    };
    xdr.onerror = function() {
      // Here the connection is already closed
      // But onload isn't executed if onerror is executed so fires close event
      self.fire("error", new Error()).fire("close");
    };
    xdr.onload = function() {
      self.fire("close");
    };
    xdr.open("GET", xdrURL.call(self, uri + "&cettia-transport-version=1.0&cettia-transport-when=open"));
    xdr.send();
  };
  self.abort = function() {
    xdr.abort();
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpStreamIframeTransport(uri, options) {
  var ActiveXObject = window.ActiveXObject;
  if (!ActiveXObject || util.crossOrigin(uri)) {
    return;
  }
  var doc;
  var stop;
  var self = createHttpStreamBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.connect = function() {
    function iterate(fn) {
      var timeoutId;
      // Though the interval is 1ms for real-time application, there is a delay between
      // setTimeout calls For detail, see
      // https://developer.mozilla.org/en/window.setTimeout#Minimum_delay_and_timeout_nesting
      (function loop() {
        timeoutId = setTimeout(function() {
          if (fn() === false) {
            return;
          }
          loop();
        }, 1);
      })();
      return function() {
        clearTimeout(timeoutId);
      };
    }

    doc = new ActiveXObject("htmlfile");
    doc.open();
    doc.close();
    var iframe = doc.createElement("iframe");
    iframe.src = uri + "&cettia-transport-version=1.0&cettia-transport-when=open";
    doc.body.appendChild(iframe);
    var cdoc = iframe.contentDocument || iframe.contentWindow.document;
    stop = iterate(function() {
      // Waits the server's container ignorantly
      if (!cdoc.firstChild) {
        return;
      }
      // Response container
      var container = cdoc.body.lastChild;
      // Detects connection failure
      if (!container) {
        self.fire("error", new Error()).fire("close");
        return false;
      }

      function readDirty() {
        var clone = container.cloneNode(true);
        // Adds a character not CR and LF to circumvent an IE bug
        // If the contents of an element ends with one or more CR or LF, IE ignores them in the
        // innerText property
        clone.appendChild(cdoc.createTextNode("."));
        // But the above idea causes \n chars to be replaced with \r\n or for some reason
        // Restores them to its original state
        var text = clone.innerText.replace(/\r\n/g, "\n");
        return text.substring(0, text.length - 1);
      }

      self.parse(readDirty());
      // The container is resetable so no index or length variable is needed
      container.innerText = "";
      stop = iterate(function() {
        var text = readDirty();
        if (text) {
          container.innerText = "";
          self.parse(text);
        }
        if (cdoc.readyState === "complete") {
          self.fire("close");
          return false;
        }
      });
      return false;
    });
  };
  self.abort = function() {
    stop();
    doc.execCommand("Stop");
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpLongpollTransport(uri, options) {
  if (/^https?:/.test(uri) && util.parseURI(uri).query["cettia-transport-name"] === "longpoll") {
    return createHttpLongpollAjaxTransport(uri, options) ||
      createHttpLongpollXdrTransport(uri, options) ||
      createHttpLongpollJsonpTransport(uri, options);
  }
}

function createHttpLongpollBaseTransport(uri, options) {
  var self = createHttpBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.connect = function() {
    self.poll(uri + "&cettia-transport-version=1.0&cettia-transport-when=open", function(data) {
      var query = util.parseURI(data).query;
      // Assign a newly issued identifier for this transport
      self.id = query["cettia-transport-id"];
      (function poll() {
        self.poll(util.stringifyURI(uri, {
          "cettia-transport-id": self.id,
          "cettia-transport-when": "poll"
        }), function(data) {
          if (data) {
            poll();
            if (typeof data === "string") {
              self.fire("text", data);
            } else {
              // Practically this case only happens with XMLHttpRequest 2
              if (process.env.NODE_ENV !== "browser") {
                // Even in Node, data is ArrayBuffer not Buffer because of jsdom
                // According to API for Node, binary event should receive Buffer
                data = Buffer.from(new Uint8Array(data));
              }
              self.fire("binary", data);
            }
          } else {
            self.fire("close");
          }
        });
      })();
      self.fire("open");
    });
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpLongpollAjaxTransport(uri, options) {
  if (util.crossOrigin(uri) && !util.corsable) {
    return;
  }
  var xhr;
  var self = createHttpLongpollBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.poll = function(url, fn) {
    xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
    xhr.onreadystatechange = function() {
      switch (xhr.readyState) {
        // HEADERS_RECEIVED
        // To set xhr.responseType which can't be set on LOADING and DONE state
        case 2:
          // No need to make the header value lowercase because it is case sensitive unless there
          // is a charset
          if (xhr.getResponseHeader("content-type") === "application/octet-stream") {
            // Reads response body as ArrayBuffer as it's binary
            xhr.responseType = "arraybuffer";
          }
          break;
          // DONE
          // To avoid c00c023f error on IE 9
        case 4:
          if (xhr.status === 200) {
            // xhr.response follows the type specified by xhr.responseType
            fn(xhr.response || xhr.responseText);
          } else {
            // Here is the end of the connection due to error
            self.fire("error", new Error()).fire("close");
          }
          break;
      }
    };
    xhr.open("GET", url);
    xhr.withCredentials = true;
    xhr.send(null);
  };
  self.abort = function() {
    xhr.abort();
  };
  return self;
}

function createHttpLongpollXdrTransport(uri, options) {
  var xdrURL = options && options.xdrURL;
  var XDomainRequest = window.XDomainRequest;
  if (!xdrURL || !XDomainRequest) {
    return;
  }
  var xdr;
  var self = createHttpLongpollBaseTransport(uri, options);
  self.poll = function(url, fn) {
    url = xdrURL.call(self, url);
    xdr = new XDomainRequest();
    xdr.onload = function() {
      fn(xdr.responseText);
    };
    xdr.onerror = function() {
      // Since if onerror is called, onload is not called,
      // fn which triggers poll request is also not called and the connection ends here
      self.fire("error", new Error()).fire("close");
    };
    xdr.open("GET", url);
    xdr.send();
  };
  self.abort = function() {
    xdr.abort();
  };
  return self;
}

var jsonpCallbacks = [];
// Only for IE 9
function createHttpLongpollJsonpTransport(uri, options) {
  var script;
  var self = createHttpLongpollBaseTransport(uri, options);
  var callback = jsonpCallbacks.pop() || ("socket_" + (guid++));
  self.on("close", function() {
    delete window[callback];
    jsonpCallbacks.push(callback);
  });
  self.poll = function(url, fn) {
    window[callback] = function(data) {
      fn(data);
    };
    script = document.createElement("script");
    script.async = true;
    // In fact, jsonp and callback params are only for first request
    script.src = util.stringifyURI(url, {
      "cettia-transport-jsonp": "true",
      "cettia-transport-callback": callback
    });
    script.onload = script.onerror = function(event) {
      if (script.parentNode) {
        script.parentNode.removeChild(script);
      }
      if (event.type === "error") {
        self.fire("error", new Error()).fire("close");
      }
    };
    document.head.appendChild(script);
  };
  self.abort = function() {
    if (script.parentNode) {
      script.parentNode.removeChild(script);
    }
  };
  return self;
}

// Socket instances
var sockets = [];
// For browser environment
util.on(window, "unload", function() {
  var socket;
  for (var i = 0; i < sockets.length; i++) {
    socket = sockets[i];
    // Closes a socket as the document is unloaded
    if (socket.state() !== "closed") {
      socket.close();
    }
  }
});
util.on(window, "online", function() {
  var socket;
  for (var i = 0; i < sockets.length; i++) {
    socket = sockets[i];
    // Opens a socket because of no reason to wait
    if (socket.state() === "waiting") {
      socket.open();
    }
  }
});
util.on(window, "offline", function() {
  var socket;
  for (var i = 0; i < sockets.length; i++) {
    socket = sockets[i];
    // Fires a close event immediately
    if (socket.state() === "opened") {
      // The underlying transport will detect disconnection and fire close event after a few
      // seconds
      socket.fire("error", new Error()).fire("close");
    }
  }
});

// Defines the module
const Cettia = {
  // Creates a socket and connects to the server
  open: function(uris, options) {
    // Opens a new socket
    var socket = createSocket(uris, options);
    sockets.push(socket);
    return socket;
  },
  // Defines the transport module
  transport: {
    // Creates a WebSocket transport
    createWebSocketTransport: createWebSocketTransport,
    // Creates a HTTP streaming transport
    createHttpStreamTransport: createHttpStreamTransport,
    // Creates a HTTP long polling transport
    createHttpLongpollTransport: createHttpLongpollTransport
  },
  // To help debug or apply hotfix only
  util: util
};
module.exports = Cettia;