Pandas Basics.ipynb

{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import pandas as pd\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s = pd.Series([1,3,5,np.nan,6,8])"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0     1\n",
       "1     3\n",
       "2     5\n",
       "3   NaN\n",
       "4     6\n",
       "5     8\n",
       "dtype: float64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 10,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "s"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#Read Table Data Into Python"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data = pandas.read_csv(\"people-example.csv\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>First Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Last Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Country</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
       "      <td>Smith</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
       "      <td>Williams</td>\n",
       "      <td>Canada</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Malcolm</td>\n",
       "      <td>Jone</td>\n",
       "      <td>England</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Felix</td>\n",
       "      <td>Brown</td>\n",
       "      <td>USA</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alex</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cooper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Poland</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Tod</td>\n",
       "      <td>Campbell</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Derek</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ward</td>\n",
       "      <td>Switzerland</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  First Name Last Name        Country  age\n",
       "0        Bob     Smith  United States   24\n",
       "1      Alice  Williams         Canada   23\n",
       "2    Malcolm      Jone        England   22\n",
       "3      Felix     Brown            USA   23\n",
       "4       Alex    Cooper         Poland   23\n",
       "5        Tod  Campbell  United States   22\n",
       "6      Derek      Ward    Switzerland   25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 12,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>First Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Last Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Country</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
       "      <td>Smith</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
       "      <td>Williams</td>\n",
       "      <td>Canada</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Malcolm</td>\n",
       "      <td>Jone</td>\n",
       "      <td>England</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  First Name Last Name        Country  age\n",
       "0        Bob     Smith  United States   24\n",
       "1      Alice  Williams         Canada   23\n",
       "2    Malcolm      Jone        England   22"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 15,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#print the first three rows\n",
    "data.head(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>First Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Last Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Country</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alex</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cooper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Poland</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Tod</td>\n",
       "      <td>Campbell</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Derek</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ward</td>\n",
       "      <td>Switzerland</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  First Name Last Name        Country  age\n",
       "4       Alex    Cooper         Poland   23\n",
       "5        Tod  Campbell  United States   22\n",
       "6      Derek      Ward    Switzerland   25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#print the last three rows\n",
    "data.tail(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#Selecting"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 20,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>count</th>\n",
       "      <td>7.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>mean</th>\n",
       "      <td>23.142857</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>std</th>\n",
       "      <td>1.069045</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>min</th>\n",
       "      <td>22.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>25%</th>\n",
       "      <td>22.500000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>50%</th>\n",
       "      <td>23.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>75%</th>\n",
       "      <td>23.500000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>max</th>\n",
       "      <td>25.000000</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "             age\n",
       "count   7.000000\n",
       "mean   23.142857\n",
       "std     1.069045\n",
       "min    22.000000\n",
       "25%    22.500000\n",
       "50%    23.000000\n",
       "75%    23.500000\n",
       "max    25.000000"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 20,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "#describes the basic statistics of all numerican columns in this case age\n",
    "data.describe()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 21,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0        Bob\n",
       "1      Alice\n",
       "2    Malcolm\n",
       "Name: First Name, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 21,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['First Name'].head(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 22,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "4           Poland\n",
       "5    United States\n",
       "6      Switzerland\n",
       "Name: Country, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 22,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['Country'].tail(3)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 25,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>First Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Malcolm</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Felix</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alex</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Tod</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Derek</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  First Name  age\n",
       "0        Bob   24\n",
       "1      Alice   23\n",
       "2    Malcolm   22\n",
       "3      Felix   23\n",
       "4       Alex   23\n",
       "5        Tod   22\n",
       "6      Derek   25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 25,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "columns_i_want =['First Name','age']\n",
    "data[columns_i_want] #put them in a data frame"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 19,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data_col = ['First Name','Last Name','Country','age']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#Graphing"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 29,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "plt.hist(data['age'])\n",
    "plt.title('Age Histogram')\n",
    "plt.xlabel('Ages')\n",
    "plt.ylabel('Frequency')\n",
    "plt.show()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#Manipulating"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 30,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "23.142857142857142"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 30,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['age'].mean()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 31,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "25"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 31,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['age'].max()"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 34,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data['Full Name']= data['First Name'] + ' ' +data['Last Name']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 35,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>First Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Last Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Country</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "      <th>Full Name</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
       "      <td>Smith</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bob Smith</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
       "      <td>Williams</td>\n",
       "      <td>Canada</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>Alice Williams</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Malcolm</td>\n",
       "      <td>Jone</td>\n",
       "      <td>England</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>Malcolm Jone</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Felix</td>\n",
       "      <td>Brown</td>\n",
       "      <td>USA</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>Felix Brown</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alex</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cooper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Poland</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>Alex Cooper</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Tod</td>\n",
       "      <td>Campbell</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>Tod Campbell</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Derek</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ward</td>\n",
       "      <td>Switzerland</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>Derek Ward</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  First Name Last Name        Country  age       Full Name\n",
       "0        Bob     Smith  United States   24       Bob Smith\n",
       "1      Alice  Williams         Canada   23  Alice Williams\n",
       "2    Malcolm      Jone        England   22    Malcolm Jone\n",
       "3      Felix     Brown            USA   23     Felix Brown\n",
       "4       Alex    Cooper         Poland   23     Alex Cooper\n",
       "5        Tod  Campbell  United States   22    Tod Campbell\n",
       "6      Derek      Ward    Switzerland   25      Derek Ward"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 35,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 36,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    48\n",
       "1    46\n",
       "2    44\n",
       "3    46\n",
       "4    46\n",
       "5    44\n",
       "6    50\n",
       "Name: age, dtype: int64"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 36,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['age'] +data['age']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#Using the apply function to do advance transformation of our data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 46,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    United States\n",
       "1           Canada\n",
       "2          England\n",
       "3              USA\n",
       "4           Poland\n",
       "5    United States\n",
       "6      Switzerland\n",
       "Name: Country, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 46,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['Country']"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 43,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "def transform_country(country):\n",
    "    if country == 'USA':\n",
    "        return 'United States'\n",
    "    else:\n",
    "        return country"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 44,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'United States'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 44,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "transform_country('USA')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 45,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "0    United States\n",
       "1           Canada\n",
       "2          England\n",
       "3    United States\n",
       "4           Poland\n",
       "5    United States\n",
       "6      Switzerland\n",
       "Name: Country, dtype: object"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 45,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data['Country'].apply(transform_country)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 47,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "data['Country'] = data['Country'].apply(transform_country)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 48,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/html": [
       "<div>\n",
       "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
       "  <thead>\n",
       "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
       "      <th></th>\n",
       "      <th>First Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Last Name</th>\n",
       "      <th>Country</th>\n",
       "      <th>age</th>\n",
       "      <th>Full Name</th>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </thead>\n",
       "  <tbody>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>0</th>\n",
       "      <td>Bob</td>\n",
       "      <td>Smith</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>24</td>\n",
       "      <td>Bob Smith</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>1</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alice</td>\n",
       "      <td>Williams</td>\n",
       "      <td>Canada</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>Alice Williams</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>2</th>\n",
       "      <td>Malcolm</td>\n",
       "      <td>Jone</td>\n",
       "      <td>England</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>Malcolm Jone</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>3</th>\n",
       "      <td>Felix</td>\n",
       "      <td>Brown</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>Felix Brown</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>4</th>\n",
       "      <td>Alex</td>\n",
       "      <td>Cooper</td>\n",
       "      <td>Poland</td>\n",
       "      <td>23</td>\n",
       "      <td>Alex Cooper</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>5</th>\n",
       "      <td>Tod</td>\n",
       "      <td>Campbell</td>\n",
       "      <td>United States</td>\n",
       "      <td>22</td>\n",
       "      <td>Tod Campbell</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "      <th>6</th>\n",
       "      <td>Derek</td>\n",
       "      <td>Ward</td>\n",
       "      <td>Switzerland</td>\n",
       "      <td>25</td>\n",
       "      <td>Derek Ward</td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "  </tbody>\n",
       "</table>\n",
       "</div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "  First Name Last Name        Country  age       Full Name\n",
       "0        Bob     Smith  United States   24       Bob Smith\n",
       "1      Alice  Williams         Canada   23  Alice Williams\n",
       "2    Malcolm      Jone        England   22    Malcolm Jone\n",
       "3      Felix     Brown  United States   23     Felix Brown\n",
       "4       Alex    Cooper         Poland   23     Alex Cooper\n",
       "5        Tod  Campbell  United States   22    Tod Campbell\n",
       "6      Derek      Ward    Switzerland   25      Derek Ward"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 48,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "data"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": true
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  }
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