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Transform images
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Transform images

Transformations let you optimize and manipulate images stored outside of the Cloudflare Images product. Transformed images are served from one of your zones on Cloudflare.

To transform an image, you must enable transformations for your zone.

You can transform an image by using a specially-formatted URL or through Workers.

Supported formats and limitations

Supported input formats

  • JPEG
  • PNG
  • GIF (including animations)
  • WebP (no animations)
  • SVG

Supported output formats

  • JPEG
  • PNG
  • GIF (including animations)
  • WebP (including animations)
  • SVG
  • AVIF

Supported features

Transformations can:

  • Resize and generate JPEG and PNG images, and optionally AVIF or WebP.
  • Save animations as GIF or animated WebP.
  • Support ICC color profiles in JPEG and PNG images.
  • Preserve JPEG metadata (metadata of other formats is discarded).
  • Convert the first frame of GIF animations to a still image.

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Format limitations

Since some image formats require longer computational times than others, Cloudflare has to find a proper balance between the time it takes to generate an image and to transfer it over the Internet.

Resizing requests might not be fulfilled with the format the user expects due to these trade-offs Cloudflare has to make. Images differ in size, transformations, codecs and all of these different aspects influence what compression codecs are used.

Cloudflare tries to choose the requested codec, but we operate on a best-effort basis and there are limits that our system needs to follow to satisfy all customers.

AVIF encoding, in particular, can be an order of magnitude slower than encoding to other formats. Cloudflare will fall back to WebP or JPEG if the image is too large to be encoded quickly.

Limits per format

Hard limits refers to the maximum image size to process. Soft limits refers to the limits existing when the system is overloaded.

File format Hard limits on the longest side (width or height) Soft limits on the longest side (width or height)
AVIF 1,200 pixels1 640 pixels
Other 12,000 pixels N/A
WebP N/A 2,560 pixels for lossy; 1920 pixels for lossless

1Hard limit is 1,600 pixels when format=avif is explicitly used with image transformations.

All images have to be less than 70 MB. The maximum image area is limited to 100 megapixels (for example, 10,000 x 10,000 pixels large).

GIF animations are limited to a total of 50 megapixels (the sum of sizes of all frames). Animations that exceed this will be passed through unchanged without applying any transformations. Note that GIF is an outdated format and has very inefficient compression. High-resolution animations will be slow to process and will have very large file sizes. For video clips, Cloudflare recommends using video formats like MP4 and WebM instead.

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}} SVG files are passed through without resizing. This format is inherently scalable and does not need resizing. Cloudflare does not support the HEIC (HEIF) format and does not plan to support it.

AVIF format is supported on a best-effort basis. Images that cannot be compressed as AVIF will be served as WebP instead.

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Progressive JPEG

While you can use the format=jpeg option to generate images in an interlaced progressive JPEG format, we will fallback to the baseline JPEG format for small and large images specified when:

  • The area calculated by width x height is less than 150 x 150.
  • The area calculated by width x height is greater than 3000 x 3000.

For example, a 50 x 50 tiny image is always formatted by baseline-jpeg even if you specify progressive jpeg (format=jpeg).