sitetext.yml

header:
    title: Computational Research <br>in Ice and Ocean Systems
    text: 
    button: #Research
    buttonlink: #"research" # "#{section}" or "URL/page link"

about:
    title: "About Us"
    section: about
    image: assets/img/team/crios-team-2023.jpg
    text: "The Computational Research in Ice and Ocean Systems (CRIOS) group at the <a href='https://www.oden.utexas.edu/'> Oden Institute for Computational Engineering and Sciences</a>, <a href='https://www.utexas.edu'> The University of Texas at Austin</a> applies advanced computational methods to improve the understanding of the role of the global ocean, sea ice and the polar ice sheets in the climate system. Using Bayesian inverse methods and scientific machine learning, in particular, we work toward optimal extraction of information contained in observations and in the governing equations of motion, rendered as numerical models. Improved mechanistic understanding is essential for developing robust climate reconstructions and predictions with quantified uncertainties. Within UT Austin, CRIOS members are affiliated with the <a href='https://www.jsg.utexas.edu/'> Jackson School of Geosciences</a> and the <a href='https://ig.utexas.edu/'> Institute for Geophysics</a>, the Oden Institute’s <a href='https://www.oden.utexas.edu/research/centers-groups/scientific-machine-learning/'> Center for Scientific Machine Learning</a> and the <a href='https://www.oden.utexas.edu/research/centers-groups/ccgo/'> Center for Computational Geosciences and Optimization</a>. CRIOS is also involved in a number of national and international research collaborations."
    
    # The group’s research rests on the recognition that these Earth system components remain insufficiently sampled by observations. So the group works toward optimal extraction of information contained in available observations through formal synthesis with known dynamics. The dynamics, in turn, is encapsulated in the governing equations of motion and rendered in state-of-the-art numerical models. Improved mechanistic understanding along with uncertainty characterization are essential prerequisites for developing robust climate predictions with quantified uncertainties. CRIOS is involved in a number of formal and informal, national and international research collaborations, including the UK, Norway, Germany, Japan, and Australia. The group is pursuing several main research thrusts.

news:
    title: "News"

research:
    title: "Research"
    text: "Ongoing projects within CRIOS"
    url: research
    
outreach:
    title: "Outreach"
    text: "Events and ongoing efforts in the community"
    url: outreach

team:
    title: "Research Group"
    textnow: "Current Members"
    textpast: "Past Members"
    subtext: 
    url: team
    peoplenow:
      - name: "Patrick Heimbach"
        role: "The Boss"
        image: assets/img/team/patrickheimbach.jpg
        social:
            - url: https://heimbach.wordpress.com/
              icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Lisa Gentry"
        role: "Senior Research Administrator"
        image: assets/img/team/lisa.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://oden.utexas.edu/people/directory/Lisa-A.-Gentry/
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "An Nguyen"
        role: "Queen of the North"
        image: assets/img/team/annguyen.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://www.oden.utexas.edu/people/1464/
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Helen Pillar"
        role: "Research Associate"
        image: assets/img/team/helenpillar.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://oden.utexas.edu/people/directory/Helen-Pillar/
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Kirstin Schulz"
        role: "Unicorn at Sea"
        image: assets/img/team/KirstinSchulz-small.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://www.unicornatsea.de/
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Leslie Smith"
        role: "Visiting Scholar, iDOOS"
        image: assets/img/team/LeslieSmith.jpg
        social:
      - name: "Ivana Escobar"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (CSEM)"
        image: assets/img/team/ivanaescobar.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://oden.utexas.edu/people/directory/Ivana-Escobar/
            icon: fas fa-globe
          - url: https://github.com/IvanaEscobar
            icon: fab fa-github
      - name: "Shreyas Gaikwad"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (CSEM)"
        image: assets/img/team/ShreyasGaikwad.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://shreyas911.github.io
            icon: fas fa-globe
          - url: https://github.com/Shreyas911
            icon: fab fa-github
      - name: "Sarah Williamson"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (CSEM)"
        image: assets/img/team/sarahwilliamson.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://oden.utexas.edu/people/directory/Sarah-Williamson/
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Joseph Kump"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (CSEM)"
        image: assets/img/team/josephkump.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://oden.utexas.edu/people/directory/Joseph-Kump/
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Max Trostel"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (Physics)"
        image: assets/img/team/maxtrostel.png
        social:
          - url: https://maxtrostel.com
            icon: fas fa-globe
          - url: https://github.com/trostelm
            icon: fab fa-github
      - name: "Margaret Murakami"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (GEO)"
        image: assets/img/team/MegMurakami.jpeg
        social:
          - url: https://margaretmurakami.github.io/
            icon: fas fa-globe
          - url: https://github.com/margaretmurakami
            icon: fab fa-github
      - name: "Matthew Goldberg"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (CSEM)"
        image: assets/img/team/MattGoldberg.jpeg
        social:
          - url: https://oden.utexas.edu/people/directory/Matt-Goldberg/
            icon: fas fa-globe
          - url: https://github.com/mgoldberg10
            icon: fab fa-github
      - name: "Shoshana (Shoshi) Reich"
        role: "Graduate Research Assistant (CSEM)"
        social:
          - url: https://oden.utexas.edu/people/directory/Shoshana-Reich/

    peoplepast:
      - name: "Arash Bigdeli"
        role: "former Postdoc"
        image: assets/img/team/Arash.png
        social:
          - url: https://github.com/ArashBigdeli/
            icon: fab fa-github
      - name: "Feras Habbal"
        role: "former Postdoc, now Research Associate at ARL:UT"
        image: assets/img/team/FerasHabbal.jpg
        social:
      - name: "Ulrike Heine"
        role: "former Outreach Consultant"
        image: assets/img/team/UlrikeHeine.jpg
        social:
      - name: "Nora Loose"
        role: "former Postdoc, now Postdoc at Princeton University"
        image: assets/img/team/noraloose.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://noraloose.github.io
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Victor Ocaña"
        role: "former Research Scientist"
        image: assets/img/team/victorocana.jpg
        social:
      - name: "Timothy Smith"
        role: "former Graduate Research Assistant, now Research Associate at NOAA/PSL, Boulder, CO"
        image: assets/img/team/timsmith.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://timothyas.github.io
            icon: fas fa-globe
          - url: https://github.com/timothyas
            icon: fab fa-github
            #- url: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4463-6126
            #  icon: fab fa-orcid
      - name: "David Trossman"
        role: "former Research Scientist, now Assistant Professor, LSU, Baton Rouge, LA"
        image: assets/img/team/davidtrossman.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://sites.google.com/site/davidtrossman
            icon: fas fa-globe
      - name: "Kylie Kinne"
        role: "former Research Scientist Assistant, now graduate student at SIO/UCSD"
        image: assets/img/team/KylieKinne.jpeg
        social:
      - name: "Yanzhou Wei"
        role: "former Postdoc"
        image: assets/img/team/WeiYanzhou.jpg
        social:
      - name: "Sarah Bialik"
        role: "Senior Research Administrator"
        image: assets/img/team/sarahbialik_sq.jpg
      - name: "Susan M. Rodriguez"
        role: "The CEO"
        image: assets/img/team/susanrodriguez-2.jpg
        social:
          - url: https://www.oden.utexas.edu/people/368/
            icon: fas fa-globe
        
        
publications:
    title: "Publications"
    url: publications
    text: 
    papers:
        # Instructions
        # ------------
        #
        # 1. Each citation needs an img, citation, and url field
        # 2. Order doesn't matter, but each new entry is designated with a "-"
        # 3. It's safest to put the citation in between quotes ""
        #
        - citation: <h5>Submitted</h5>
        - citation: "L. Hascoet, J.L. Bouchot, S.S. Gaikwad, S.H.K. Narayanan, J. Hückelheim, 2024: Profiling checkpointing schedules in adjoint ST-AD. <em>8th International Conference on Algorithmic Differentiation</em>, submitted"
          url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2405.15590
        - citation: "Fahad, A. A., A. Molod, D. Menemenlis, P. Heimbach, A. Trayanov, E. Strobach, L. Coy, K. Wargan, 2022: The Nonlinear Northern Hemisphere Stratospheric Temperature Response to External Radiative Forcing in Decadal Climate Simulations. <em>J. Climate</em>, submitted"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10502123.3
        - citation: "Gaikwad, S. S., S. H. K. Narayanan, L. Hascoet, J. M. Campin, H. Pillar, A. Nguyen, J. Hückelheim, P. Hovland, P. Heimbach, 2024: MITgcm-AD v2: Open source tangent linear and adjoint modeling framework for the oceans and atmosphere enabled by the Automatic Differentiation tool Tapenade. <em>JLESC-FGCS</em>, submitted"
          url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2401.11952
        #
        - citation: <h5>2024</h5>
        - citation: "D. Stammer, D. E. Amrhein, M. A. Balmaseda, L. Bertino, M. Bonavita, C. Buontempo, N. Caltabiano, F. Counillon, I. Fenty, R. Ferrari, Y. Fujii, S. S. Gaikwad, P. Gentine, A. Gettelman, G. Gopalakrishnan, P. Heimbach, H. Hersbach, C. Hill, S. Kobayashi, A. Köhl, P. J. Kushner, M. Mazloff, H. Nakamura, S. G. Penny, L. Slivinski, S. Tegtmeier, L. Zanna, 2024: Earth system reanalysis in support of climate model improvements. <em>Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society</em>."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-24-0110.1
        - citation: "Schulz, K., Koenig, Z., Muilwijk, M., Bauch, D., Hoppe, C. J., Droste, E. S., Hoppmann, M., Chamberlain, E. J., Laukert, G., Stanton, T., Quintanilla-Zurita, A., Fer., I., Heuze, C., Karam, S., Mieruch-Schnuelle, S., Baumann, T. M., Vredenborg, M., Tippenhauer, S., Granskog, M. A. (2024). The Eurasian Arctic Ocean along the MOSAiC drift in 2019–2020: An interdisciplinary perspective on physical properties and processes. Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene, 12(1)."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00114
        - citation: "Kuznetsov, I., Rabe, B., Androsov, A., Fang, Y. C., Hoppmann, M., Quintanilla-Zurita, A., Haring, S., Tippenhauer, S., Schulz, K., Mohrholz, V., Fer, I., Fofonova, V., Janout, M. (2024). Dynamical reconstruction of the upper-ocean state in the central Arctic during the winter period of the MOSAiC expedition. Ocean Science, 20(3), 759-777."
          url : https://doi.org/10.5194/os-20-759-2024
        - citation: "Wood, M., Khazendar, A., Fenty, I., Mankoff, K., Nguyen, A. T., Schulz, K., Willis, J. K., Zhang, H. (2024). Decadal evolution of ice‐ocean interactions at a large East Greenland glacier resolved at fjord scale with downscaled ocean models and observations. Geophysical Research Letters, 51(7), e2023GL107983."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2023GL107983 
        - citation: "Lueck, R., Fer, I., Bluteau, C., Dengler, M., Holtermann, P., Inoue, R., LeBoyer, A., Nicholson, S.-A., Schulz, K., Stevens, C. (2024). Best practices recommendations for estimating dissipation rates from shear probes. Frontiers in Marine Science, 11, 1334327."
          url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1334327
        #
        - citation: <h5>2023</h5> 
        - citation: "Baumann, T. M., Fer, I., Schulz, K., Mohrholz, V. (2023). Validating finescale parameterizations for the eastern Arctic Ocean internal wave field. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 128(11), e2022JC018668."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018668
        - citation: "Ciliberti, S. A., et al., 2023: Evaluation of operational ocean forecasting systems from the perspective of the users and the experts. State Planet, 1-osr7, 2"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/sp-1-osr7-2-2023
        - citation: "Findell, K. L., R. T. Sutton, N. Caltabiano, A. Brookshaw, P. Heimbach, M. Kimoto, S Osprey, D. Smith, J. S. Risbey, Z. Wang, L. Cheng, L. Diaz, M. G. Donat, M. Ek, Y.-J. Lee, S. Minobe, M. Rusticucci, F. Vitart, and L. Wang, 2022: Explaining and Predicting Earth System Change: A World Climate Research Programme Call to Action. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 104(1), E325-E339"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-21-0280.1
        - citation: "Frolov, S, C.S. Rousseaux, T. Auligne, D. Dee, R. Gelaro, P. Heimbach, I. Simpson, and L. Slivinski, 2023: Road Map for the Next Decade of Earth System Reanalysis in the United States. Bull. Amer. Met. Soc., 104(3), E706-E714"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-23-0011.1
        - citation: "Gaikwad, S. S., L. Hasco¨et, S. H. K. Narayanan, L. Curry-Logan, R. Greve, and P. Heimbach, 2023: SICOPOLIS-AD v2: tangent linear and adjoint modeling framework for ice sheet modeling enabled by automatic differentiation tool Tapenade. Journal of Open Source Software, 8(83), 4679"
          url: https://doi.org/10.21105/joss.04679
        - citation: "Halpern, D., M. Le, T.A. Smith, and P. Heimbach, 2023: Accuracy of the Pacific Equatorial Undercurrent in the Global State Estimate ECCOv4. J. Atmos. Ocean-Technol., 40, 1369-1381"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-23-0013.1
        - citation: "Hoffman, L., M. M. Mazloff, S. T. Gille, D. Giglio, K. Matsuyoshia, C. Bitz, P. Heimbach, and K. Matsuyoshi, 2023: Machine learning for daily forecasts of Arctic sea-ice motion: an attribution assessment of model predictive skill. Artificial Intelligence for the Earth Systems, 2(4)"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/AIES-D-23-0004.1
        - citation: "Smith, M., Angot, H., Chamberlain, E., Droste, E., Karam, S., Muilwijk, M., Webb, A., Archer, S., Beck, I., Blomquist, B., Bowman, J., Boyer, M., Bozzato, D., Chierici, M., Creamean, J., D’Angelo, A., Delille, B., Fer, I., Fong, A., Fransson, A., Fuchs, N., Gardner, J., Granskog, M., Hoppe, C., Hoppema, M., Hoppmann, M., Mock, T., Muller, S., Müller, O., Nicolaus, M., Nomura, D., Petäjä, T., Salganik, E., Schmale, J., Schmidt, K., Schulz, K., Shupe, M., Stefels, J., Thielke, L., Tippenhauer, S., Ulfsbo, A., van Leeuwe, M., Webster, M., Yoshimura, M., Zhan, L. (2023): Thin and transient meltwater layers and false bottoms in the Arctic sea ice pack — Recent insights on these historically overlooked features. <em>Elementa Science of the Anthropocene</em>, 11(1), 00025."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2023.00025
        - citation: "Mohn, C., Hansen, J. L., Carreiro-Silva, M., Cunningham, S. A., de Froe, E., Dominguez-Carrió, C., S. Gary, Glud, R., Goeke, C., Johnson, C., Morato, T., Møller, E., Rovelli, L., Schulz, K., Soetaert, K., van der Kaaden, A., van Oevelen, D. (2023):  Tidal to decadal scale hydrodynamics at two contrasting cold-water coral sites in the Northeast Atlantic. <em>Progress in Oceanography</em>, 214, 103031."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2023.103031
        - citation: "Schulz, K., Kadko, D., Mohrholz, V., Stephens, M., Fer, I. (2023): Winter Vertical Diffusion Rates in the Arctic Ocean, Estimated From 7Be Measurements and Dissipation Rate Profiles. <em>JGR: Oceans 128</em>, 128(2), e2022JC019197."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC019197
        - citation: "Ruiz‐Castillo, E., Janout, M., Hölemann, J., Kanzow, T., Schulz, K., Ivanov, V. (2023): Structure and seasonal variability of the Arctic Boundary Current north of Severnaya Zemlya. <em>JGR: Oceans</em>, 128(1), e2022JC018677."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JC018677
        - citation: "van Maren, D.S., Maushake, C., Mol, J.W., van Keulen, D., Jürges, J., Vroom, J., Schuttelaars, H., Gerkema, T., Schulz, K., Badewien, T.H., Gerriets, M. (2023): Synoptic observations of sediment transport and exchange mechanisms in the turbid Ems Estuary: the EDoM campaign. <em>Earth System Science Data</em>, 15(1), pp.53-73."
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-15-53-2023
        - citation: "Rogge, A., Janout, M., Loginova, N., Trudnowska, E., Hörstmann, C., Wekerle, C., Oziel, L., Schourup-Kristensen, V., Ruiz-Castillo, E., Schulz, K., Povazhnyy, V.V. (2023): Carbon dioxide sink in the Arctic Ocean from cross-shelf transport of dense Barents Sea water. <em>Nature Geoscience</em>, 16(1), pp.82-88."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-022-01069-z
        - citation: "Wunsch, C., Williamson, S, and P. Heimbach, 2023: Potential Artifacts In Conservation Laws and Invariants Inferred from Sequential State Estimation. Ocean Science, 19(4), 1253-1275"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/os-19-1253-2023
        #
        - citation: <h5>2022</h5>
        - citation: "Heimbach, P., 2022: The Computational Science of Klaus Hasselmann. Computing in Science and Engineering, 24(4), 40-53"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1109/MCSE.2022.3195105
        - citation: "Kawaguchi, Y., Koenig, Z., Nomura, D., Hoppmann, M., Inoue, J., Fang, Y.-C., Schulz, K., Gallagher, M., Katlein, C., Nicolaus, M., Rabe, B. (2022): Turbulent Mixing during Late Summer in the Ice–Ocean Boundary Layer in the Central Arctic Ocean: Results from the MOSAiC Expedition, <em>JGR:Oceans</em>."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017975
        - citation: "Levin, L., Cimoli, L., Gjerde, K., Harden-Davies, H., Heimbach, P., LaScala-Gruenewald, D., Pachiadaki, M., Pillar, H., Smith, L., Stocks, K., Stopa, J., Wright, D. (2022): Designing, generating, and translating deep-ocean observations for and with international policy makers, <em>ICES Journal of Marine Science</em>, fsac143."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac143
        - citation: "Pachiadaki, M., F. Janssen, A.C. Zinnkan, I. Iglesias, P. Heimbach, et al., 2022: Co-designing a multi-disciplinary deep-ocean observing program at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge in the Azores region: A blueprint for synergy in deep ocean research and conservation. ICES Journal of Marine Science in press"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1093/icesjms/fsac189
        - citation: "Rabe, B., Heuze, C., Regnery, J., ... Schulz, K., ... (2022): Overview of the MOSAiC expedition: Physical Oceanography. <em>Elementa Science of the Anthropocene</em>, 10(1), 00062."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1525/elementa.2021.00062
        - citation: "Schulz, K., Nguyen, A., Pillar, H. (2022): An Improved and Observationally-Constrained Melt Rate Parameterization for Vertical Ice Fronts of Marine Terminating Glaciers. <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>. 49(18), e2022GL100654."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL100654
        - citation: "Schulz, K., Mohrholz, V., Fer, I., Janout, M., Hoppmann, M., Schaffer, J., Koenig, Z. (2022): A full year of turbulence measurements from a drift campaign in the Arctic Ocean 2019–2020. <em>Scientific Data</em> 9(1), 1-11."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-022-01574-1
        - citation: "Smith, L., Cimoli, L., LaScala-Gruenewald, D., Pachiadaki, M., Phillips, M., Pillar, H., Stopa, J., Baumann-Pickering, S., Beaulieu, S., Bell, K., Harden-Davies, H., Gjerde, K., Heimbach, P., Howe, B., Janssen, F., Levin, L., Ruhl, H., Soule, A., Stocks, K., Vardaro, M. (2022): The Deep Ocean Observing Strategy: Addressing Global Challenges in the Deep Sea through Collaboration, <em>Marine Technology Society Journal</em>, 56(3), 50-66."
          url: https://doi.org/10.4031/MTSJ.56.3.11
        - citation: "Schulz, K., Lincoln, B., Povazhnyy, V., Rippeth, T., Lenn, Y.-D., Janout, M., Alkire, M., Scannell, B., Torres-Valdes, D. (2022): Increasing Nutrient Fluxes and Mixing Regime Changes in the Eastern Arctic Ocean, <em>Geophysical Research Letters</em>, 49(5), e2021GL096152."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL096152
        - citation: "Schulz, K., Mohrholz, V., Fer, I., Janout, M. A., Hoppmann, M., Schaffer, J., Koenig, Z., Rabe, B., Heuze, C., Regnery, J., Allerholt, J., Fang, Y.-C., He, H., Kanzow, T., Karam, S., Kuznetsov, I., Kong, B., Liu, H., Muilwijk, M., Schuffenhauer, I., Sukhikh, N., Sundfjord, A., Tippenhauer, S. (2022): Turbulent microstructure profile (MSS) measurements from the MOSAiC drift, Arctic Ocean. PANGAEA."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.939816
        - citation: "Trossman, D.S., C.B. Whalen, T. Haine, A.F. Waterhouse, A.T. Nguyen, A. Bigdeli, M. Mazloff, and P. Heimbach, 2022: Tracer and observationally-derived constraints on diapycnal diffusivities in an ocean state estimate. Ocean Science, 18, 729-759"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/os-18-729-2022
        - citation: "von Storch, H. and P. Heimbach, 2022: Klaus Hasselmann: Recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physics 2021. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Climate Science"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.931
        #
        - citation: <h5>2021</h5>
        - citation: "Grabon, J. S., Toole, J. M., Nguyen, A. T. and K. A. Richard (2021): An analysis of Atlantic water in the Arctic Ocean using the Arctic subpolar gyre state estimate and observations, <em>Progress in Oceanography</em>, 198."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pocean.2021.102685
        - citation: "Kostov, Y., H. Johnson, D. Marshall, P. Heimbach, G. Forget, P. Holliday, S. Lozier, F. Li, H. Pillar, and T.A. Smith, 2021: Contrasting sources of variability in subtropical and subpolar Atlantic overturning. <em>Nature Geoscience</em>, in press."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41561-021-00759-4
        - citation: "Loose, N. and P. Heimbach, 2021: Leveraging Uncertainty Quantification to Design Ocean Climate Observing Systems. <em>J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst.</em>, 13(4), e2020MS002386."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002386
        - citation: "Nguyen, A. T., H. Pillar, V. Ocana, A. Bigdeli, T. A. Smith, and P. Heimbach, 2021: The Arctic Subpolar gyre sTate Estimate (ASTE): Description and assessment of a data-constrained, dynamically consistent ocean-sea ice estimate for 2002-2017.  <em>J. Adv. Model. Earth Syst.</em>, 13(5), e2020MS002398."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020MS002398
        - citation: "Pillar, H., A. Nguyen, J.-M. Campin, and P. Heimbach, 2021: Momentum Budget Evaluation in ASTE Release 1 Part I: Full momentum budget. <em>DSpace@MIT</em>, Technical Report."
          url: https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/130943
        - citation: "Solomon, A., C. Heuzé, B. Rabe, S. Bacon, L. Bertino, P. Heimbach, J. Inoue, D. Iovino, R. Mottram, X. Zhang, Y. Aksenov, R. McAdam, A. Nguyen, R. P. Raj, and H. Tang, 2021: Freshwater in the Arctic Ocean 2010–2019. Ocean Sci., 17, 1081-1102"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/os-17-1081-2021
        - citation: "Willcox, K., O. Ghattas, and P. Heimbach, 2021: The imperative of physics-based modeling and inverse theory in the future of computational science. <em>Nature Computational Science</em>, 1, 166-168."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s43588-021-00040-z
        #
        - citation: <h5>2020</h5>
        - citation: "Bigdeli, A., A.T. Nguyen, H.R. Pillar, V. Ocana, and P. Heimbach, 2020: Atmospheric Warming Drives Growth in Arctic Sea-Ice: A Key Role for Snow. <em>Geophys. Res. Lett.</em>, in press."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020GL090236
        - citation: "ECCO Consortium; I. Fukumori, O. Wang, I. Fenty, G. Forget, P. Heimbach, and R.M. Ponte, 2020: Synopsis of the ECCO Central Production Global Ocean and Sea-Ice State Estimate, Version 4 Release 4"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765929
        - citation: "Goldberg, D.N., T.A. Smith, S.H.K. Narayanan, P. Heimbach, and M. Morlighem, 2020: Bathymetric influences on Antarctic ice-shelf melt rates. <em>J. Geophys. Res.</em>, in press."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016370
        - citation: "Hamlington, B. D., A. S. Gardner, E. Ivins, J. T. M. Lenaerts, J. T. Reager, D. S. Trossman, E. D. Zaron, S. Adhikari, A. Arendt, A. Aschwanden, B. D. Beckley, D. P. S. Bekaert, G. Blewitt, L. Caron, H. A. Chandanpurkar, K. Christianson, R. I. Cullather, R. M. DeConto, J. T. Fasullo, T. Frederikse, J. T. Freymueller, D. M. Gilford, M. Girotto, W. C. Hammond, R. Hock, N. Holschuh, R. E. Kopp, F. Landerer, E. Larour, D. Menemenlis, M. Merrifield, J. X. Mitrovica, R. S. Nerem, I. J. Nias, V. Nieves, S. Nowicki, K. Pangaluru, C. G. Piecuch, D. R. Rounce, N.-J. Schlegel, H. Seroussi, M. Shirzaei, I. Velicogna, N. Vinogradova, T. Wahl, D. N. Wiese, M. J. Willis, 2020: Understanding of contemporary regional sea-level change and the implications for the future. <em>Reviews of Geophysics</em>, 58, e2019RG000672"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RG000672
        - citation: "Logan, L.C., Narayanan, S.H.K., Greve, R., and Heimbach, P., 2020: Sicopolis-AD: Quick-Start Manual, Revision 0.11. Argonne National Lab Technical Report ANL/MCS-TM-382 Rev 0.11, 14 pp"
          url: https://doi.org/10.2172/1617372
        - citation: "Logan, L.C., S.H.K. Narayanan, R. Greve, and P. Heimbach, 2020: SICOPOLIS-AD v1: an open-source adjoint modeling framework for ice sheet simulation enabled by the algorithmic differentiation tool OpenAD. <em>Geosci. Model Dev.</em>, 13, 1845-1864."
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-13-1845-2020
        - citation: "Loose, N., P. Heimbach, H. Pillar, and K. Nisancioglu, 2020: Quantifying Dynamical Proxy Potential through Shared Adjustment Physics in the North Atlantic. <em>J. Geophys. Res.</em>, 125(9)" 
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016112
        - citation: "Moon, T., T. Scambos, W. Abdalati, A. Ahlstrom, R. Bindschadler, J. Gambill, P. Heimbach, R. Hock, K. Langley, I. Miller, and M. Truffer, 2020: Ending a sea of confusion: A scientist perspective on lessons and opportunities in sea level change communication. <em>Environment Magazine</em>, 62(5), 4-15"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1080/00139157.2020.1791627
        - citation: "Nguyen, A.T., P. Heimbach, V. Garg, V. Ocana , C. Lee, and L. Rainville, 2020: Impact of synthetic Arctic Argo-type floats in a coupled ocean-sea ice state estimation framework. <em>J. Atmos. Ocean Technol.</em>, 37(8), 1477-1495."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JTECH-D-19-0159.1
        - citation: "Nguyen, A.T., R. Woodgate, and P. Heimbach, 2020: Elucidating large-scale atmospheric controls on Bering Strait throughflow variability using a data-constrained ocean model and its adjoint. <em>J. Geophys. Res.</em>, 125(9)."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JC016213
        #
        - citation: <h5>2019</h5>
        - citation: "Arbic, B. K., O. B. Fringer, J. M. Klymak, F. T. Mayer, D. S. Trossman, P. Zhu, 2019: Connecting process models of topographic wave drag to global eddying general circulation models. <em>Oceanography</em>, 32(4), 146–155"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.420
        - citation: "Fox-Kemper, B., A. Adcroft, C.W. Boening, E.P. Chassignet, E. Curchitser, G. Danabasoglu, C. Eden, M.H. England, R. Gerdes, R.J. Greatbatch, S.M. Griffies, R.W. Hallberg, E. Han- ert, P. Heimbach, H.T. Hewitt, C.N. Hill, Y. Komuro, S. Legg, J. Le Sommer, S. Masina, S.J. Marsland, S.G. Penny, F. Qiao, T.D. Ringler, A.M. Treguier, H. Tsujino, P. Uotila, and S.G. Yeager, 2019: Challenges and Prospects in Ocean Circulation Models. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 65"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00065
        - citation: "Frajka-Williams, E., and 39 co-authors, 2019: Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: Observed transports and mechanisms. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 260"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00260
        - citation: "Heimbach, P., I. Fukumori, C.N. Hill, R.M. Ponte, D. Stammer, J.-M. Campin, B. Cornuelle, I. Fenty, G. Forget, A. Koehl, M. Mazloff, D. Menemenlis, A.T. Nguyen, C. Piecuch, D. Trossman, A. Verdy, O. Wang, and H. Zhang, 2019: Putting it all together: Adding value to the global ocean and climate observing systems with complete self-consistent ocean state and parameter estimates. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 55"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00055
        - citation: "Huang, T., M. DeBellis, I., Fenty, P. Heimbach, J.C. Jacob, O. Wang, and E. Yam, 2019: Analytics Center Framework for Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean. <em>2019 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS 2019), Yokohama, Japan</em>"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1109/IGARSS.2019.8897904
        - citation: "Johnston, T. M. S., M. C. Schönau, T. Paluszkiewicz, J. A. MacKinnon, B. K. Arbic, P. L. Colin, M. H. Alford, M. Andres, L. Centurioni, K. R. Helfrich, V. Hormann, P. F. J. Lermusiaux, R. C. Musgrave, B. S. Powell, B. Qiu, D. L. Rudnick, H. L. Simmons, L. St. Laurent, D. S. Trossman, G. Voet, H. W. Wijesekera, K. Zeiden, 2019: An Introduction and Highlights from Flow Encountering Abrupt Topography (FLEAT): A Multi-Scale Observational and Modelling Program to Under- stand the Effects of Topographic Flow in the Western North Pacific. <em>Oceanography</em>, 32(4), 10–21"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2019.407
        - citation: "Lee, C. M., Starkweather, S., Eicken, H., Timmermans, M.-L., Wilkinson, J., Sandven, S., et al., 2019: A Framework for the Development, Design and Implementation of a Sustained Arctic Ocean Observing System. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 484"
          url: http://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2019.00451
        - citation: "Levin, L.A., B.A. Bett, A.R. Gates, P. Heimbach, B. Howe, F. Janssen, A. McCurdy, H.A. Ruhl, P. Snelgrove, K.I. Stocks, and 28 others, 2019: Global Observational Needs in the Deep Ocean. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 241"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00241
        - citation: "Penny, S., and 30 others, 2019: Observational Needs for improving Ocean and Coupled Reanalysis, S2S Prediction, and Decadal Prediction. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 391"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00391
        - citation: "Quinn, K.Q., R.M. Ponte, P. Heimbach, I. Fukumori, and J.-M. Campin, 2019: Ocean angular momentum from a recent global state estimate, with assessment of uncertainties. <em>Geophys. J. Int.</em>, 216(1), 584-597"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggy452
        - citation: "Smith, T., and Heimbach, P., 2019: Atmospheric Origins of Variability in the South Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation. <em>Journal of Climate</em>, 32(5), 1483–1500."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0311.1
        - citation: "Sonnewald, M., C. Wunsch, and P. Heimbach, 2019: Unsupervised Learning Reveals Geography of Global Ocean Dynamical Regions. <em>Earth and Space Science</em>, 6(5), 784-794"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018EA000519
        - citation: "Straneo, F., D.A. Sutherland, L.A. Stearns, G. Catania, P. Heimbach, T. Moon, M.R. Cape, K.L. Laidre, D. Barber, S. Rysgaard, R. Mottram, S.M. Olsen, M.J. Hopwood, and L. Meire, 2019: The case for a sustained Greenland Ice sheet-Ocean Observing System. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 138"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00138
        - citation: "Trossman, D. S. and R. H. Tyler, 2019: Predictability of Ocean Heat Content from Electrical Conductance. <em>Journal of Geophysical Research-Oceans</em>, 124, 667–679."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2018JC014740
        - citation: "Villas Boas, B., and 25 others, 2019: Integrated observations and modeling of winds, currents, and waves: requirements and challenges for the next decade. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 425"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00425
        - citation: "Madsen, M.V., H.C. Steen-Larsen, M. Horhold, J. Box, S.M.P Berben, E. Capron, A.-K. Faber, A. Hubbard, M.F. Jensen, T.R. Jones, S. Kipfstufl, I. Koldtoft, H.R. Pillar, B.H. Vaughn, D. Vladimirova, and D. Dahl-Jensen, 2019: Evidence of Isotopic Fractionation During Vapor Exchange Between the Atmosphere and the Snow Surface in Greenland. <em>J. Geophys. Res. Atmos.</em>, 124, 2932-2945."
          url: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1029/2018JD029619
        - citation: "Yosuke, F., and 28 others, 2019: Observing System Evaluation Based on Ocean Data Assimilation and Prediction Systems: On-going Challenges and Future Vision for Designing/Supporting Ocean Observational Networks. <em>Front. Mar. Sci.</em>, 6, 417"
          url: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmars.2019.00417
        - citation: "Zanna, L., S. Khatiwala, J. Gregory, J. Ison, and P. Heimbach, 2019: Estimates and Attribution of Atlantic Ocean Heat Content and Sea Level Change. <em>Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA</em>, 116(4), 1126-1131"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1808838115

        #
        - citation: <h5>2018</h5>
        - citation: "Bigdeli, A., Hara, T., Loose, B., and Nguyen, A. T., 2018: Wave Attenuation and Gas Exchange Velocity in Marginal Sea Ice Zone. <em>J. Geophys. Res.: Oceans</em>, 123(3), 2293–2304."
          url: http://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013380
        - citation: "Fukumori, I., P. Heimbach, R.M. Ponte, and C. Wunsch, 2018: A Dynamically-Consistent Ocean Climatology and Its Temporal Variations. <em>Bull. Amer. Met. Soc.</em>, 99(10), 2107-2128"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0213.1
        - citation: "Goldberg, D.N., K. Snow, P. Holland, J.R. Jordan, J.-M. Campin, P. Heimbach, R. Arthern, and A. Jenkins, 2018: On representing grounding line migration in synchronous coupling between a marine ice sheet model and a z-coordinate ocean model. <em>Ocean Modelling</em>, 125, 45-60"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2018.03.005
        - citation: "Jordan, J.R., P.R. Holland, D. Goldberg, K. Snow, R. Arthern, J.-M. Campin, P. Heimbach, and A. Jenkins, 2018: Ocean-forced ice-shelf thinning in a synchronously coupled ice-ocean model. <em>J. Geophys. Res.</em>, 123(2), 864-882"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1002/2017JC013251
        - citation: "Kalmikov, A. G. and P. Heimbach, 2018: On Barotropic Mechanisms of Uncertainty Propagation in Estimation of Drake Passage Transport. <em>arXiv</em>"
          url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1804.06033
        - citation: "Khatiwala S., H. Graven, S. Payne, and P. Heimbach, 2018: Changes to the Air‐Sea Flux and Distribution of Radiocarbon in the Ocean Over the 21st Century. <em>Geophys. Res. Lett.</em>, 45"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1029/2018GL078172
        - citation: "Palter, J. B. and D. S. Trossman, 2018: The Sensitivity of Future Ocean Oxygen Concentrations to Changes in Ocean Circulation. <em>Global Biogeochemical Cycles</em>, 32."
          url: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GB005777
        - citation: "Pillar, H.R., H.R. Johnson, D.P. Marshall, P. Heimbach, and S. Takao, 2018: Impacts of Atmospheric Reanalysis Uncertainty on AMOC Estimates at 25N. <em>J. Clim.</em>, 31(21), 8719-8744"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-18-0241.1
        - citation: "Sonnewald, M., C. Wunsch, and P. Heimbach, 2018: Linear predictability: A sea surface height case study. <em>J. Clim.</em>, 31(7), 2599-2611"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-17-0142.1
        - citation: "Strobach, E., A. Molod, G. Forget, J.-M. Campin, C. Hill, D. Menemenlis, and P. Heimbach, 2018: Comparison of MERRA-2 and ECCO-v4 ocean surface heat fluxes: Consequences of different forcing methods on ocean circulation. <em>Ocean Modelling</em>, 132, 91-111"
          url: http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocemod.2018.10.006
        #
        - citation: <h5>2017</h5>
        - citation: "Bigdeli, A., B. Loose, A. T. Nguyen, and S. T. Cole, 2017: Numerical Investigation of the Arctic Ice-Ocean Boundary Layer and Implications for Air-Sea Gas Fluxes. <em>Ocean Sciences</em>, 13, 1–15"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/os-13-61-2017
        - citation: "Spreen, G., R. Kwok, D. Menemenlis, and A. T. Nguyen, 2017: Sea Ice Deformation in a Coupled Ocean-Sea Ice Model and in Satellite Remote Sensing Data. <em>The Cryosphere</em>, 11,1553–1573"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-11-1553-2017
        #
        - citation: <h5>2016</h5>
        - citation: "Aksenov, Y., M. Karcher, A. Proshutinsky, R. Gerdes, B. de Cuevas, E. Golubeva, F. Kauker, A.	T. Nguyen, G. A. Platov, M. Wadley, E. Watanabe, and A. C. Coward, 2016:  Arctic Pathways of Pacific Water: Arctic Ocean Model Intercomparison Experiments. <em>J. Geophys. Res.</em>, 121(1), 27–59"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011299
        - citation: "Ocaña, V., E. Zorita, and P. Heimbach 2016: Stochastic secular trends in sea level rise, <em>J. Geophys. Res. Oceans</em>, 121"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1002/2015JC011301
        - citation: "Stammer, D., M. Balmaseda, P. Heimbach, A.Koehl, and A. Weaver, 2016: Ocean Data Assimilation in Support of Climate Applications. Status and Perspectives. <em>Ann. Rev. Mar. Sci.</em>., 8, 491-518"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-122414-034113
        #
        - citation: <h5>2015</h5>
        - citation: "Buckley, M., R.M. Ponte, G. Forget, and P. Heimbach, 2015: Determining the origins of advective heat transport variability in the North Atlantic. <em>J. Clim.</em>, 18(10), 3943-3956"
          url: https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-14-00579.1
        - citation: "Forget, G., J.M. Campin, P. Heimbach, C.N. Hill, R.M. Ponte, and C. Wunsch, 2015: ECCO version 4: an integrated framework for non-linear inverse modeling and global ocean state estimation. <em>Geosci. Model Dev.</em>, 8, 3071-3104"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-8-3071-2015
        - citation: "Goldberg, D., P. Heimbach, I. Joughin, and B. Smith, 2015: Committed retreat of Smith, Pope, and Kohler Glaciers over the next 30 years inferred by transient model calibration. <em>The Cryosphere</em>, 9, 2429-2446"
          url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-9-2429-2015
        #
        - citation: <h5>Technical Reports</h5>
        - citation: "2020: ECCO Consortium; I. Fukumori, O. Wang, I. Fenty, G. Forget, P. Heimbach, and R.M. Ponte, 2020: Synopsis of the ECCO Central Production Global Ocean and Sea-Ice State Estimate, Version 4 Release 4"
          url: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3765929
        - citation: "2019: Levin, L., Ruhl, H., Heimbach, P., McCurdy, A., and Smith, L., 2019: Deep Ocean Ob- serving Strategy: Science and Implementation Guide. Paris, France, GOOS, Deep Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS) Project, 68 pp."
          url: https://doi.org/10.25607/OBP-575
        - citation: "2019: Logan, L.C., Narayanan, S.H.K., Greve, R., and Heimbach, P., 2019: Sicopolis-AD: Quick-Start Manual. Argonne National Lab Technical Report ANL/MCS-TM-382, Rev 0.10, 14 pp.,"
          url: https://doi.org/10.2172/1499025
        - citation: "2019: Sutherland, D.A., F. Straneo, T. Moon, I.A. Le Bras, E.E. Frajka-Williams, J.L. Bamber, G.A. Catania, P. Heimbach, R.H. Jackson, and L.A. Stearns, 2019: Freshwater fluxes from the Greenland Ice Sheet. Report from an International Workshop (co-hosted by CLIVAR/CliC OMDP, NORP, and ISMIP6)"
          url: http://doi.org/10.18739/A24M9198B
        - citation: "2018: Adcroft A., J.M. Campin, S. Dutkiewicz, C. Evangelinos, D. Ferreira, G. Forget, B. Fox-Kemper, P. Heimbach, C. Hill, E. Hill, H. Hill, O. Jahn, M. Losch, J. Marshall, G. Maze, D. Menemenlis, and A. Molod, 2018: MITgcm User Manual."
          url: https://doi.org/1721.1/117188

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