examples/ex9.ipynb

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            "source": [
                "# Load Frequency Control"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "This examples shows (1) how to trip a generator, and (2) how to drive frequency back by load shedding."
            ]
        },
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            "source": [
                "import andes\n",
                "import numpy as np\n",
                "\n",
                "andes.config_logger(stream_level=20)"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "## Tripping a Generator in the IEEE 14-Bus System"
            ]
        },
        {
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            "execution_count": 2,
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            "source": [
                "# using the IEEE 14-bus model as an example. \n",
                "# The example here contains a variety of models: generators, exciters, turbine governors, and PSS\n",
                "# To speed up, one can remove unneeded ones, e.g., PSS\n",
                "\n",
                "ieee14_raw = andes.get_case(\"ieee14/ieee14.raw\")\n",
                "ieee14_dyr = andes.get_case(\"ieee14/ieee14.dyr\")"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 3,
            "metadata": {
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                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "Working directory: \"/home/hacui/repos/andes/examples\"\n",
                        "> Loaded config from file \"/home/hacui/.andes/andes.rc\"\n",
                        "> Loaded generated Python code in \"/home/hacui/.andes/pycode\".\n",
                        "Parsing input file \"/home/hacui/repos/andes/andes/cases/ieee14/ieee14.raw\"...\n",
                        "  IEEE 14 BUS TEST CASE\n",
                        "  03/06/14 CONTO           100.0  1962 W\n",
                        "Input file parsed in 0.0119 seconds.\n",
                        "Parsing additional file \"/home/hacui/repos/andes/andes/cases/ieee14/ieee14.dyr\"...\n",
                        "Addfile parsed in 0.2965 seconds.\n"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# use `andes.load` to load the test system\n",
                "# Need to set `setup=False` to be able to add new Toggles that turns off generators.\n",
                "\n",
                "ss = andes.load(ieee14_raw, addfile=ieee14_dyr, setup=False)"
            ]
        },
        {
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            "execution_count": 4,
            "metadata": {
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            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "'Toggle_3'"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 4,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# Add a Toggle that disconnects `GENROU_2` at t=1 s\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.add(\"Toggle\", dict(model='SynGen', dev=\"GENROU_2\", t=1.0))"
            ]
        },
        {
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            "execution_count": 5,
            "metadata": {
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                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "IEEEST <IEEEST_1> added BusFreq <BusFreq_1> linked to bus <3.0>\n",
                        "ST2CUT <ST2CUT_2> added BusFreq <BusFreq_2> linked to bus <1.0>\n",
                        "ST2CUT <ST2CUT_3> added BusFreq <BusFreq_3> linked to bus <2.0>\n",
                        "System internal structure set up in 0.0750 seconds.\n"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "True"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 5,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# Call setup manually\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.setup()"
            ]
        },
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            "execution_count": 6,
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                            "  <thead>\n",
                            "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th>idx</th>\n",
                            "      <th>u</th>\n",
                            "      <th>name</th>\n",
                            "      <th>model</th>\n",
                            "      <th>dev</th>\n",
                            "      <th>t</th>\n",
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                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>uid</th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
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                            "  </thead>\n",
                            "  <tbody>\n",
                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>0</th>\n",
                            "      <td>Toggle_1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>Toggle_1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>Line</td>\n",
                            "      <td>Line_1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
                            "    </tr>\n",
                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>1</th>\n",
                            "      <td>Toggle_2</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>Toggle_2</td>\n",
                            "      <td>Line</td>\n",
                            "      <td>Line_1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.1</td>\n",
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                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>2</th>\n",
                            "      <td>Toggle_3</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>Toggle_3</td>\n",
                            "      <td>SynGen</td>\n",
                            "      <td>GENROU_2</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.0</td>\n",
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                        "text/plain": [
                            "           idx    u       name   model       dev    t\n",
                            "uid                                                  \n",
                            "0    Toggle_1  1.0  Toggle_1    Line    Line_1  1.0\n",
                            "1    Toggle_2  1.0  Toggle_2    Line    Line_1  1.1\n",
                            "2    Toggle_3  1.0  Toggle_3  SynGen  GENROU_2  1.0"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 6,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# double check that Toggles are set up correctly\n",
                "# Check `u` of the Toggles - the first two line switches are disabled, and the generator trip is enabled\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.Toggle.as_df()"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 7,
            "metadata": {
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            "source": [
                "# disable existing line switches\n",
                "# The IEEE 14-bus system contains predefined line switches. Disabling them to study generator trip only.\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.Toggle.u.v[[0, 1]] = 0"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 8,
            "metadata": {
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            "outputs": [
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                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "-> System connectivity check results:\n",
                        "  No islanded bus detected.\n",
                        "  System is interconnected.\n",
                        "  Each island has a slack bus correctly defined and enabled.\n",
                        "\n",
                        "-> Power flow calculation\n",
                        "           Numba: Off\n",
                        "   Sparse solver: KLU\n",
                        " Solution method: NR method\n",
                        "Power flow initialized in 0.0101 seconds.\n",
                        "0: |F(x)| = 0.5605182134\n",
                        "1: |F(x)| = 0.006202200332\n",
                        "2: |F(x)| = 5.819382824e-06\n",
                        "3: |F(x)| = 6.96508129e-12\n",
                        "Converged in 4 iterations in 0.0111 seconds.\n",
                        "Initialization for dynamics completed in 0.0575 seconds.\n",
                        "Initialization was successful.\n",
                        "Report saved to \"ieee14_out.txt\" in 0.0083 seconds.\n"
                    ]
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                            "True"
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                    "execution_count": 8,
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            ],
            "source": [
                "# calculate power flow\n",
                "\n",
                "# use constant power model for PQ (we will come back to this later)\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.p2p = 1\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.q2q = 1\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.p2z = 0\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.q2z = 0\n",
                "\n",
                "# turn off under-voltage PQ-to-Z conversion\n",
                "ss.PQ.pq2z = 0\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.PFlow.run()"
            ]
        },
        {
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            "execution_count": 9,
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                    "text": [
                        "\n",
                        "-> Time Domain Simulation Summary:\n",
                        "Sparse Solver: KLU\n",
                        "Simulation time: 0.0-20 s.\n",
                        "Fixed step size: h=33.33 ms. Shrink if not converged.\n"
                    ]
                },
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                            "  0%|          | 0/100 [00:00<?, ?%/s]"
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                    "metadata": {},
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                {
                    "name": "stdout",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "<Toggle Toggle_3>: SynGen.GENROU_2 status changed to 0 at t=1.0 sec.\n"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "Simulation completed in 2.9748 seconds.\n",
                        "Outputs to \"ieee14_out.lst\" and \"ieee14_out.npz\".\n",
                        "Outputs written in 0.0421 seconds.\n"
                    ]
                },
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                            "True"
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            "source": [
                "# set the first simulation stop and run it\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.TDS.config.tf = 20\n",
                "ss.TDS.config.criteria = 0  # temporarily turn off stability criteria based on angle separation\n",
                "ss.TDS.run()"
            ]
        },
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\n",
                        "text/plain": [
                            "<Figure size 480x320 with 1 Axes>"
                        ]
                    },
                    "metadata": {
                        "needs_background": "light"
                    },
                    "output_type": "display_data"
                },
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "(<Figure size 480x320 with 1 Axes>, <AxesSubplot:xlabel='Time [s]'>)"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 10,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# Show the frequency response of online generators\n",
                "\n",
                "# Refer to `plot` documentation by using `help(ss.TDS.plt.plot)` and `help(ss.TDS.plt.plot_data)`\n",
                "ss.TDS.load_plotter()\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.TDS.plt.plot(ss.GENROU.omega,\n",
                "                a=(0, 2, 3, 4),\n",
                "                ytimes=60,\n",
                "               )"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "## Adjusting Load to Compensate for the Generation Loss"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "Check the power of the lost generator by inspecting the power flow inputs:"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 11,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:33.653861Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:33.638918Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.390416Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.381392Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.392998Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.392675Z"
                },
                "scrolled": true
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/html": [
                            "<div>\n",
                            "<style scoped>\n",
                            "    .dataframe tbody tr th:only-of-type {\n",
                            "        vertical-align: middle;\n",
                            "    }\n",
                            "\n",
                            "    .dataframe tbody tr th {\n",
                            "        vertical-align: top;\n",
                            "    }\n",
                            "\n",
                            "    .dataframe thead th {\n",
                            "        text-align: right;\n",
                            "    }\n",
                            "</style>\n",
                            "<table border=\"1\" class=\"dataframe\">\n",
                            "  <thead>\n",
                            "    <tr style=\"text-align: right;\">\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th>idx</th>\n",
                            "      <th>u</th>\n",
                            "      <th>name</th>\n",
                            "      <th>Sn</th>\n",
                            "      <th>Vn</th>\n",
                            "      <th>bus</th>\n",
                            "      <th>busr</th>\n",
                            "      <th>p0</th>\n",
                            "      <th>q0</th>\n",
                            "      <th>pmax</th>\n",
                            "      <th>pmin</th>\n",
                            "      <th>qmax</th>\n",
                            "      <th>qmin</th>\n",
                            "      <th>v0</th>\n",
                            "      <th>vmax</th>\n",
                            "      <th>vmin</th>\n",
                            "      <th>ra</th>\n",
                            "      <th>xs</th>\n",
                            "    </tr>\n",
                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>uid</th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "      <th></th>\n",
                            "    </tr>\n",
                            "  </thead>\n",
                            "  <tbody>\n",
                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>0</th>\n",
                            "      <td>2</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>2</td>\n",
                            "      <td>100.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>2</td>\n",
                            "      <td>None</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.40</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.15</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.5</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.15</td>\n",
                            "      <td>-0.40</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.03</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.4</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.6</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.13</td>\n",
                            "    </tr>\n",
                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>1</th>\n",
                            "      <td>3</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>3</td>\n",
                            "      <td>100.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>3</td>\n",
                            "      <td>None</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.40</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.15</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.5</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.15</td>\n",
                            "      <td>-0.10</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.01</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.4</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.6</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.13</td>\n",
                            "    </tr>\n",
                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>2</th>\n",
                            "      <td>4</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>4</td>\n",
                            "      <td>100.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>138.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>6</td>\n",
                            "      <td>None</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.30</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.10</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.5</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.10</td>\n",
                            "      <td>-0.06</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.03</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.4</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.6</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.12</td>\n",
                            "    </tr>\n",
                            "    <tr>\n",
                            "      <th>3</th>\n",
                            "      <td>5</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>5</td>\n",
                            "      <td>100.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>69.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>8</td>\n",
                            "      <td>None</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.35</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.10</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.5</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.1</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.10</td>\n",
                            "      <td>-0.06</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.03</td>\n",
                            "      <td>1.4</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.6</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.0</td>\n",
                            "      <td>0.12</td>\n",
                            "    </tr>\n",
                            "  </tbody>\n",
                            "</table>\n",
                            "</div>"
                        ],
                        "text/plain": [
                            "     idx    u  name     Sn     Vn  bus  busr    p0    q0  pmax  pmin  qmax  \\\n",
                            "uid                                                                          \n",
                            "0      2  0.0     2  100.0   69.0    2  None  0.40  0.15   0.5   0.1  0.15   \n",
                            "1      3  0.0     3  100.0   69.0    3  None  0.40  0.15   0.5   0.1  0.15   \n",
                            "2      4  0.0     4  100.0  138.0    6  None  0.30  0.10   0.5   0.1  0.10   \n",
                            "3      5  0.0     5  100.0   69.0    8  None  0.35  0.10   0.5   0.1  0.10   \n",
                            "\n",
                            "     qmin    v0  vmax  vmin   ra    xs  \n",
                            "uid                                     \n",
                            "0   -0.40  1.03   1.4   0.6  0.0  0.13  \n",
                            "1   -0.10  1.01   1.4   0.6  0.0  0.13  \n",
                            "2   -0.06  1.03   1.4   0.6  0.0  0.12  \n",
                            "3   -0.06  1.03   1.4   0.6  0.0  0.12  "
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 11,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "ss.PV.as_df()"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "The tripped GENROU_2 correspond to the first PV (GENROU_1 corresponds to Slack). Thus, the lost active power is 0.40 pu.\n",
                "\n",
                "Let's compensate for that by shedding 0.4 pu of active power load at t=2.0 s.\n",
                "\n",
                "By checking the equation documentation of PQ (using `print(ss.PQ.doc())`, we can tell that the imposed active power for time-domain simulation is from `Ppf`, because we used the constant power model with `p2p = 1`.\n",
                "\n",
                "```\n",
                "Algebraic Equations\n",
                "\n",
                "Name |   Type   |                RHS of Equation \"0 = g(x, y)\"                \n",
                "-----+----------+-------------------------------------------------------------\n",
                " a   | ExtAlgeb | u * (dae_t <= 0) * (p0 * vcmp_zi + Rlb * vcmp_zl * v**2 +   \n",
                "     |          | Rub * vcmp_zu * v**2) + u * (dae_t > 0) * (p2p * Ppf + p2i *\n",
                "     |          | Ipeq * v + p2z * Req * v**2)                                \n",
                " v   | ExtAlgeb | u * (dae_t <= 0) * (q0 * vcmp_zi + Xlb * vcmp_zl * v**2 +   \n",
                "     |          | Xub * vcmp_zu * v**2) + u * (dae_t > 0) * (q2q * Qpf + q2i *\n",
                "     |          | Iqeq * v + q2z * Xeq * v**2)                                \n",
                "\n",
                "```\n",
                "\n",
                "`Ppf` may be different from `p0` specified in the data file."
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 12,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:33.662293Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:33.655315Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.396349Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.396108Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.398474Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.398257Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "array([0.217, 0.5  , 0.478, 0.076, 0.15 , 0.295, 0.09 , 0.035, 0.061,\n",
                            "       0.135, 0.2  ])"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 12,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# active power from power flow solution - make a copy\n",
                "\n",
                "Ppf = np.array(ss.PQ.Ppf.v)\n",
                "\n",
                "Ppf"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "Reload the system and add the generator trip."
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 13,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:33.843520Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:33.664077Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.401976Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.401670Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.781185Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.780928Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "Working directory: \"/home/hacui/repos/andes/examples\"\n",
                        "> Loaded config from file \"/home/hacui/.andes/andes.rc\"\n",
                        "> Reloaded generated Python code of module \"pycode\".\n",
                        "Parsing input file \"/home/hacui/repos/andes/andes/cases/ieee14/ieee14.raw\"...\n",
                        "  IEEE 14 BUS TEST CASE\n",
                        "  03/06/14 CONTO           100.0  1962 W\n",
                        "Input file parsed in 0.0047 seconds.\n",
                        "Parsing additional file \"/home/hacui/repos/andes/andes/cases/ieee14/ieee14.dyr\"...\n",
                        "Addfile parsed in 0.1101 seconds.\n",
                        "IEEEST <IEEEST_1> added BusFreq <BusFreq_1> linked to bus <3.0>\n",
                        "ST2CUT <ST2CUT_2> added BusFreq <BusFreq_2> linked to bus <1.0>\n",
                        "ST2CUT <ST2CUT_3> added BusFreq <BusFreq_3> linked to bus <2.0>\n",
                        "System internal structure set up in 0.0547 seconds.\n",
                        "-> System connectivity check results:\n",
                        "  No islanded bus detected.\n",
                        "  System is interconnected.\n",
                        "  Each island has a slack bus correctly defined and enabled.\n",
                        "\n",
                        "-> Power flow calculation\n",
                        "           Numba: Off\n",
                        "   Sparse solver: KLU\n",
                        " Solution method: NR method\n",
                        "Power flow initialized in 0.0040 seconds.\n",
                        "0: |F(x)| = 0.5605182134\n",
                        "1: |F(x)| = 0.006202200332\n",
                        "2: |F(x)| = 5.819382824e-06\n",
                        "3: |F(x)| = 6.96508129e-12\n",
                        "Converged in 4 iterations in 0.0065 seconds.\n",
                        "Initialization for dynamics completed in 0.0547 seconds.\n",
                        "Initialization was successful.\n",
                        "Report saved to \"ieee14_out.txt\" in 0.0028 seconds.\n"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "True"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 13,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "ss = andes.load(ieee14_raw, addfile=ieee14_dyr, setup=False)\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.add(\"Toggle\", dict(model='SynGen', dev=\"GENROU_2\", t=1.0))\n",
                "ss.setup()\n",
                "ss.Toggle.u.v[[0, 1]] = 0\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.p2p = 1\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.q2q = 1\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.p2z = 0\n",
                "ss.PQ.config.q2z = 0\n",
                "ss.PQ.pq2z = 0\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.PFlow.run()"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "But let's run to 2 seconds."
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 14,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.359640Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:33.844497Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.783772Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:41:59.783385Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.427589Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.427211Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "\n",
                        "-> Time Domain Simulation Summary:\n",
                        "Sparse Solver: KLU\n",
                        "Simulation time: 0.0-2.0 s.\n",
                        "Fixed step size: h=33.33 ms. Shrink if not converged.\n"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "data": {
                        "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-view+json": {
                            "model_id": "532dc5397a8e454aa2edb338ba8c6727",
                            "version_major": 2,
                            "version_minor": 0
                        },
                        "text/plain": [
                            "  0%|          | 0/100 [00:00<?, ?%/s]"
                        ]
                    },
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "display_data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "stdout",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "<Toggle Toggle_3>: SynGen.GENROU_2 status changed to 0 at t=1.0 sec.\n"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "Simulation completed in 0.2567 seconds.\n",
                        "Outputs to \"ieee14_out.lst\" and \"ieee14_out.npz\".\n",
                        "Outputs written in 0.0043 seconds.\n"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "True"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 14,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "ss.TDS.config.tf = 2.0\n",
                "ss.TDS.config.criteria = 0  # temporarily turn off stability criteria based on angle separation\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.TDS.run()"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 15,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.365314Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.361320Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.431018Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.430731Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.432747Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.432950Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "array([0.217, 0.5  , 0.478, 0.076, 0.15 , 0.295, 0.09 , 0.035, 0.061,\n",
                            "       0.135, 0.2  ])"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 15,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# all `Ppf` before shedding\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.PQ.Ppf.v"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "And then apply the load shedding on buses 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9."
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 16,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.371683Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.366907Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.435888Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.435641Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.438413Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.438609Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "['PQ_1', 'PQ_2', 'PQ_3', 'PQ_4', 'PQ_5', 'PQ_6']"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 16,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "shed_buses = [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 9]\n",
                "\n",
                "# find the `idx` of the loads on these buses\n",
                "\n",
                "pq_shed_idx = ss.PQ.find_idx(keys='bus', values=shed_buses)\n",
                "pq_shed_idx"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 17,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.377719Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.373283Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.441930Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.440216Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.444716Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.444401Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "array([0.217, 0.5  , 0.478, 0.076, 0.15 , 0.295])"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 17,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# get `Ppf` on these buses before shedding\n",
                "\n",
                "pq_p = ss.PQ.get(src='Ppf', idx=pq_shed_idx, attr='v')\n",
                "pq_p"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 18,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.383710Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.379275Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.447756Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.447520Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.450062Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.449815Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "True"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 18,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "pq_p_new = pq_p - 0.4 / len(shed_buses)\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.PQ.set(src='Ppf', idx=pq_shed_idx, attr='v', value=pq_p_new)"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 19,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.388943Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.385210Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.452527Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.452212Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.454810Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.454551Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "array([0.15033333, 0.43333333, 0.41133333, 0.00933333, 0.08333333,\n",
                            "       0.22833333, 0.09      , 0.035     , 0.061     , 0.135     ,\n",
                            "       0.2       ])"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 19,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "# double check\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.PQ.Ppf.v"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 20,
            "metadata": {
                "ExecuteTime": {
                    "end_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:38.328264Z",
                    "start_time": "2021-03-20T14:50:34.390379Z"
                },
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.457360Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:42:00.457090Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:04.033446Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:04.033166Z"
                },
                "scrolled": false
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "data": {
                        "application/vnd.jupyter.widget-view+json": {
                            "model_id": "b042851b458c412388c0ee4f5bedc8e5",
                            "version_major": 2,
                            "version_minor": 0
                        },
                        "text/plain": [
                            "  0%|          | 0/100 [00:00<?, ?%/s]"
                        ]
                    },
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "display_data"
                },
                {
                    "name": "stderr",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "Simulation completed in 1.2884 seconds.\n",
                        "Outputs to \"ieee14_out.lst\" and \"ieee14_out.npz\".\n",
                        "Outputs written in 0.0211 seconds.\n"
                    ]
                },
                {
                    "data": {
                        "image/png": 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\n",
                        "text/plain": [
                            "<Figure size 480x320 with 1 Axes>"
                        ]
                    },
                    "metadata": {
                        "needs_background": "light"
                    },
                    "output_type": "display_data"
                },
                {
                    "data": {
                        "text/plain": [
                            "(<Figure size 480x320 with 1 Axes>, <AxesSubplot:xlabel='Time [s]'>)"
                        ]
                    },
                    "execution_count": 20,
                    "metadata": {},
                    "output_type": "execute_result"
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "ss.TDS.config.tf = 10\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.TDS.run()\n",
                "\n",
                "ss.TDS.plt.plot(ss.GENROU.omega,\n",
                "                a=(0, 2, 3, 4),\n",
                "                ytimes=60,\n",
                "               )"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "code",
            "execution_count": 21,
            "metadata": {
                "execution": {
                    "iopub.execute_input": "2021-09-26T22:42:04.036399Z",
                    "iopub.status.busy": "2021-09-26T22:42:04.035958Z",
                    "iopub.status.idle": "2021-09-26T22:42:04.657177Z",
                    "shell.execute_reply": "2021-09-26T22:42:04.656933Z"
                }
            },
            "outputs": [
                {
                    "name": "stdout",
                    "output_type": "stream",
                    "text": [
                        "\"/home/hacui/repos/andes/examples/ieee14_out.txt\" removed.\r\n",
                        "\"/home/hacui/repos/andes/examples/ieee14_out.lst\" removed.\r\n",
                        "\"/home/hacui/repos/andes/examples/ieee14_out.npz\" removed.\r\n"
                    ]
                }
            ],
            "source": [
                "!andes misc -C"
            ]
        },
        {
            "cell_type": "markdown",
            "metadata": {},
            "source": [
                "The result shows the generator speed (frequency) returns to 60 Hz after load shedding. "
            ]
        }
    ],
    "metadata": {
        "kernelspec": {
            "display_name": "Python 3 (ipykernel)",
            "language": "python",
            "name": "python3"
        },
        "language_info": {
            "codemirror_mode": {
                "name": "ipython",
                "version": 3
            },
            "file_extension": ".py",
            "mimetype": "text/x-python",
            "name": "python",
            "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
            "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
            "version": "3.9.10"
        },
        "varInspector": {
            "cols": {
                "lenName": 16,
                "lenType": 16,
                "lenVar": 40
            },
            "kernels_config": {
                "python": {
                    "delete_cmd_postfix": "",
                    "delete_cmd_prefix": "del ",
                    "library": "var_list.py",
                    "varRefreshCmd": "print(var_dic_list())"
                },
                "r": {
                    "delete_cmd_postfix": ") ",
                    "delete_cmd_prefix": "rm(",
                    "library": "var_list.r",
                    "varRefreshCmd": "cat(var_dic_list()) "
                }
            },
            "types_to_exclude": [
                "module",
                "function",
                "builtin_function_or_method",
                "instance",
                "_Feature"
            ],
            "window_display": false
        }
    },
    "nbformat": 4,
    "nbformat_minor": 4
}