x25519_dalek::PublicKey::from generates a different public key compared to OpenSSL when using the same private key

[alwitt]

I am testing this crate (v1.2.0) using a ED25519 key pair generated by OpenSSL 1.1.1o FIPS 3 May 2022, and checking for correct DH shared secret generation against a x25519_dalek::EphemeralSecret based key pair.

The issue I am seeing is that starting from the private key generated by OpenSSL, the pubic key generated by PublicKey::from for that private key is different from what OpenSSL generated. Am I using the APIs correctly? What is the correct way to use existing key pairs?

// Parse existing private key
let alice_priv_key = pkcs8::KeypairBytes::from_pkcs8_pem(PRIV_KEY).unwrap();
// Parse existing public key
let alice_pub_key = pkcs8::PublicKeyBytes::from_public_key_pem(PUB_KEY).unwrap();

// Define Alice's ed25519 pair
let alice_secret = StaticSecret::from(alice_priv_key.secret_key);
let alice_public = PublicKey::from(&alice_secret);

let parsed_existing_public = PublicKey::from(alice_pub_key.to_bytes());
// This should not fail
assert_eq!(alice_public.to_bytes()[..], parsed_existing_public.to_bytes()[..]);

---

The complete test code

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    fn init() {
        let _ = env_logger::builder().is_test(true).try_init();
    }

    /* Creating the ED25519 key pairs
    $ openssl genpkey -algorithm ED25519 > private.pem
    $ openssl pkey -outform PEM -pubout -in private.pem > public.pem
    */

    static PUB_KEY: &str = "-----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
MCowBQYDK2VwAyEADOuQ5lqOanpHOtLV2gqqcYuYkJrdpNueHJ7M9ejY3M0=
-----END PUBLIC KEY-----";

    static PRIV_KEY: &str = "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----
MC4CAQAwBQYDK2VwBCIEINLDN5YuEgo6Z5G+ww0kTv33KyQrPN1O+vdeet74+cVm
-----END PRIVATE KEY-----";

    mod test_ed25519_dh {
        use ed25519::pkcs8;
        use ed25519::pkcs8::{DecodePrivateKey, DecodePublicKey, EncodePublicKey};
        use rand_core::OsRng;
        use x25519_dalek::StaticSecret;
        use x25519_dalek::{EphemeralSecret, PublicKey};

        #[test]
        fn test_ed25519_dh() {
            super::init();

            // Parse existing private key
            let mut alice_priv_key = pkcs8::KeypairBytes::from_pkcs8_pem(super::PRIV_KEY).unwrap();
            // Parse existing public key
            let alice_pub_key = pkcs8::PublicKeyBytes::from_public_key_pem(super::PUB_KEY).unwrap();

            // Define Alice's ed25519 pair
            let alice_secret = StaticSecret::from(alice_priv_key.secret_key);
            let alice_public = PublicKey::from(&alice_secret);

            // Dump the generated public key to stdout
            alice_priv_key.public_key = Some(alice_public.to_bytes());
            let alice_public_other_form = pkcs8::PublicKeyBytes::try_from(&alice_priv_key).unwrap();
            log::debug!(
                "Alice generated public key as PEM:\n{}",
                alice_public_other_form
                    .to_public_key_pem(base64ct::LineEnding::LF)
                    .unwrap()
            );
            /* This is not what OpenSSL generated, shown in PUB_KEY
               -----BEGIN PUBLIC KEY-----
               MCowBQYDK2VwAyEAUSd2eTv0CdgCpnccB3re+kxjo9miMQV9Di9SFHc/PQ4=
               -----END PUBLIC KEY-----
            */

            let parsed_existing_public = PublicKey::from(alice_pub_key.to_bytes());
            // This should not fail
            assert_eq!(
                alice_public.to_bytes()[..],
                parsed_existing_public.to_bytes()[..]
            );

            // Create Bob's ed25519 pair
            let bob_secret = EphemeralSecret::new(OsRng);
            let bob_public = PublicKey::from(&bob_secret);

            // Define the shared secrets
            let alice_shared_secret = alice_secret.diffie_hellman(&bob_public);
            let bob_shared_secret = bob_secret.diffie_hellman(&alice_public);

            assert_eq!(
                alice_shared_secret.as_bytes()[..],
                bob_shared_secret.as_bytes()[..]
            );
        }
    }
}

[shampoofactory]

I'm no cryptographer, but should we not be testing with X25519 key pairs as opposed to Ed25519?

$ openssl genpkey -algorithm X25519 -out prv.pem
$ openssl pkey -in prv.pem -pubout -out pub.pem

Quote: 'The public key representations are related but not the same. They cannot be used interchangeably without additional processing.'
Source: https://crypto.stackexchange.com/questions/76156/public-key-generation-for-ed25519-vs-x25519
Author: Frank Denis

[tarcieri]

Yeah, it seems like the code example in the OP is using ed25519::pkcs8, which is for the Edwards form of Curve25519.

X25519 uses the Montgomery form. It's possible to convert from the Edwards form to the Montgomery form, but they are distinct.

[alwitt]

@tarcieri thank you for clarifying. I am glad to see there are activities in this repo again.