slides_F_ii.md

Geographic Data Science

Spatial Autocorrelation [Dani Arribas-Bel](http://darribas.org)

Spatial Autocorrelation

*Everything is related to everything else, but near things are more related than distant things*

Waldo Tobler (1970)

Spatial Autocorrelation

-Statistical representation of Tobler's law

-Spatial counterpart of traditional correlation

*Degree to which similar values are located in similar locations*

Two flavors:

• Positive: similar values $\rightarrow$ similar location (closeby)
• Negative: similar values $\rightarrow$ disimilar location (further apart)

Examples

Positive SA: income, poverty, vegetation, temperature...

Negative SA: supermarkets, police stations, fire stations, hospitals...

Scales

**[Global]**

Clustering: do values tend to be close to other (dis)similar values?

**[Local]**

Clusters: are there any specific parts of a map with an extraordinary concentration of (dis)similar values?

A course on Geographic Data Science by Dani Arribas-Bel is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.