reduce docker image size

[TheDen]

PR reduces docker image size—a summary of the changes

• Adds pipefail to the SHELL directive for safety
• Added --no-install-recommends to apt and autoremove+clean as per best practices
• Adds conda clean -afy to remove cache files, package tarballs, and the entire package cache. To ensure only necessary files are saved in each layer. Ref
• Added --no-cache-dir to the pip installs since the pip cache isn't needed for a docker image
• Merged the two consecutive RUN directives into one
• Added quotes around various strings to ensure splitting doesn't occur

Followed rules from hadolint and shellcheck

Running DOCKER_DEFAULT_PLATFORM=linux/amd64 docker build -f docker/Dockerfile -t alphafold . --no-cache (note the DOCKER_DEFAULT_PLATFORM=linux/amd64 is used because I'm on a M1 MacBook) for the existing Dockerfile, and and the updated one (with the tag alphafold-new ) here's the difference in size after the changes (9.77GB vs 12.5GB)

$ docker images | grep alphafold
alphafold-new                                                                latest                              e823bb581ba2   12 minutes ago   9.77GB
alphafold                                                                    latest                              7ecff97027f2   45 minutes ago   12.5GB

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[Htomlinson14]

Thanks for this PR! These suggestions have been included in https://github.com/deepmind/alphafold/releases/tag/v2.2.4