01-generate-datasets/generate-cmip6-zarr.ipynb

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    "# Create Zarr Stores with Different Chunk Shapes\n",
    "\n",
    "In this notebook, we create Zarr stores for the CMIP6 TAS daily data available in NetCDF on S3. This method of creating Zarr stores uses [pangeo-forge](https://pangeo-forge.readthedocs.io/) and it's [recipes](https://pangeo-forge.readthedocs.io/en/latest/pangeo_forge_recipes/recipe_user_guide/index.html) pattern.\n",
    "\n",
    "The test datasets produced are:\n",
    "\n",
    "* Chunked to optimize for time series analysis: \n",
    "   * latitude: 252, longitude: 252, time: 365.\n",
    "   * This dataset has larger chunks, but more timesteps are loaded into each chunk.\n",
    "* Chunked to optimize for visualization at a single time step.\n",
    "   * latitude: 600, longitude: 1440, time: 1.\n",
    "   * This dataset has small chunks, but will likely not work well for time series generation.\n",
    "* Chunked to optimize for both time series and visualization:\n",
    "   * latitude: 600, longitude: 1440, time: 29.\n",
    "   * This dataset has larger chunks, but more timesteps are loaded into each chunk.\n",
    "\n",
    "## 1.1 Install and import libraries"
   ]
  },
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   "execution_count": 3,
   "id": "76f00a6a-a2c3-4cad-aa04-4a933eb893a2",
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    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "%%capture\n",
    "!pip install loguru"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 4,
   "id": "6376bec4",
   "metadata": {
    "editable": true,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": ""
    },
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "import fsspec\n",
    "import s3fs\n",
    "import xarray as xr\n",
    "import sys; sys.path.append('..')\n",
    "from helpers.profiler import Timer\n",
    "import helpers.eodc_hub_role as eodc_hub_role"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 5,
   "id": "2af30526-e6cd-4fa4-9067-653f5faae132",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "credentials = eodc_hub_role.fetch_and_set_credentials()\n",
    "bucket = 'nasa-eodc-data-store'\n",
    "zarr_directory = 'test-data/cmip6-zarr'"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "97280646",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Note: This is adapted from https://github.com/carbonplan/benchmark-maps/blob/datasets/stores/01b_cmip6_netcdf_to_zarr.ipynb."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7e980157-a9c9-47d5-ad7d-cc717b6e67b7",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 1.2 Set parameters"
   ]
  },
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   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 6,
   "id": "6e2abcd8",
   "metadata": {
    "editable": true,
    "slideshow": {
     "slide_type": ""
    },
    "tags": [
     "parameters"
    ]
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#parameters\n",
    "model = \"GISS-E2-1-G\"\n",
    "variable = \"tas\"\n",
    "anon=True"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "4d4b5504-7275-4949-9507-ef8c8efd55aa",
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   "source": [
    "# Initiate fsspec filesystems for reading and writing\n",
    "s3_path = f\"s3://nex-gddp-cmip6/NEX-GDDP-CMIP6/{model}/historical/r1i1p1*/{variable}/*\"\n",
    "fs_read = fsspec.filesystem(\"s3\", anon=anon, skip_instance_cache=False)\n",
    "fs_write = fsspec.filesystem(\"\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "id": "13e67843-b173-4d68-b045-9da28dd68eb6",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "65 discovered from s3://nex-gddp-cmip6/NEX-GDDP-CMIP6/GISS-E2-1-G/historical/r1i1p1*/tas/*\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "# Retrieve list of available months\n",
    "files_paths = fs_read.glob(s3_path)\n",
    "print(f\"{len(files_paths)} discovered from {s3_path}\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "id": "af19a04e-77e6-4dc3-b023-7af0c19ca45f",
   "metadata": {
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   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "'nex-gddp-cmip6/NEX-GDDP-CMIP6/GISS-E2-1-G/historical/r1i1p1f2/tas/tas_day_GISS-E2-1-G_historical_r1i1p1f2_gn_1950.nc'"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 7,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "files_paths[0]"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "7503d0a0-1f4c-489b-b16e-68f2bc481cf9",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## 1.3 Test we can open the files"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "id": "af346f35",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
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       "</style><pre class='xr-text-repr-fallback'>&lt;xarray.Dataset&gt;\n",
       "Dimensions:  (time: 365, lat: 600, lon: 1440)\n",
       "Coordinates:\n",
       "  * time     (time) object 1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1950-12-31 12:00:00\n",
       "  * lat      (lat) float64 -59.88 -59.62 -59.38 -59.12 ... 89.38 89.62 89.88\n",
       "  * lon      (lon) float64 0.125 0.375 0.625 0.875 ... 359.1 359.4 359.6 359.9\n",
       "Data variables:\n",
       "    tas      (time, lat, lon) float32 ...\n",
       "Attributes: (12/23)\n",
       "    downscalingModel:      BCSD\n",
       "    activity:              NEX-GDDP-CMIP6\n",
       "    contact:               Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget...\n",
       "    Conventions:           CF-1.7\n",
       "    creation_date:         2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00\n",
       "    frequency:             day\n",
       "    ...                    ...\n",
       "    history:               2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00: install global a...\n",
       "    disclaimer:            This data is considered provisional and subject to...\n",
       "    external_variables:    areacella\n",
       "    cmip6_source_id:       GISS-E2-1-G\n",
       "    cmip6_institution_id:  NASA-GISS\n",
       "    cmip6_license:         CC-BY-SA 4.0</pre><div class='xr-wrap' style='display:none'><div class='xr-header'><div class='xr-obj-type'>xarray.Dataset</div></div><ul class='xr-sections'><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-d7945462-576b-44cb-b796-455d58c4fe8c' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox' disabled ><label for='section-d7945462-576b-44cb-b796-455d58c4fe8c' class='xr-section-summary'  title='Expand/collapse section'>Dimensions:</label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'><ul class='xr-dim-list'><li><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span>: 365</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span>: 600</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span>: 1440</li></ul></div><div class='xr-section-details'></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-799d5ded-45ee-4538-ac84-cfba6a1476f3' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-799d5ded-45ee-4538-ac84-cfba6a1476f3' class='xr-section-summary' >Coordinates: <span>(3)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>object</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1950-12-...</div><input id='attrs-c929091f-b0b3-44a7-90ba-f4b67cb0e3b1' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-c929091f-b0b3-44a7-90ba-f4b67cb0e3b1' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-4351f15e-e6bc-42aa-ad71-c726e14ccc26' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-4351f15e-e6bc-42aa-ad71-c726e14ccc26' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>T</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 3, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True), ...,\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 12, 29, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 12, 30, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 12, 31, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True)],\n",
       "      dtype=object)</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lat)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>-59.88 -59.62 ... 89.62 89.88</div><input id='attrs-80f53faf-9f4f-45d0-aa6e-bf3cd8d28023' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-80f53faf-9f4f-45d0-aa6e-bf3cd8d28023' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-aa3f7936-fd89-4b60-8435-bc86a620365b' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-aa3f7936-fd89-4b60-8435-bc86a620365b' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_north</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>Y</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([-59.875, -59.625, -59.375, ...,  89.375,  89.625,  89.875])</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>0.125 0.375 0.625 ... 359.6 359.9</div><input id='attrs-251dc5ab-18bd-4b86-980c-1d50e7a25c53' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-251dc5ab-18bd-4b86-980c-1d50e7a25c53' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-8bbf39c2-e2ca-40af-9ae9-6711f2266308' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-8bbf39c2-e2ca-40af-9ae9-6711f2266308' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_east</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>X</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([1.25000e-01, 3.75000e-01, 6.25000e-01, ..., 3.59375e+02, 3.59625e+02,\n",
       "       3.59875e+02])</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-3a81d9b4-a4df-4828-941e-566779eed047' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-3a81d9b4-a4df-4828-941e-566779eed047' class='xr-section-summary' >Data variables: <span>(1)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span>tas</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time, lat, lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float32</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>...</div><input id='attrs-b9d772e0-4091-464d-82dc-ebb41d7586d1' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-b9d772e0-4091-464d-82dc-ebb41d7586d1' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-7a33b0f2-81f3-4764-8ea7-7b3640d50e6d' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-7a33b0f2-81f3-4764-8ea7-7b3640d50e6d' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>cell_measures :</span></dt><dd>area: areacella</dd><dt><span>cell_methods :</span></dt><dd>area: mean time: maximum</dd><dt><span>comment :</span></dt><dd>near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature; derived from downscaled tasmax &amp; tasmin</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>K</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>Daily Near-Surface Air Temperature</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>air_temperature</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>[315360000 values with dtype=float32]</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-664a41bb-fc5f-447d-8df2-34858595ed27' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  ><label for='section-664a41bb-fc5f-447d-8df2-34858595ed27' class='xr-section-summary' >Indexes: <span>(3)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>time</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-0e7b85b3-bcff-45b6-8d9f-72c67543010e' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-0e7b85b3-bcff-45b6-8d9f-72c67543010e' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(CFTimeIndex([1950-01-01 12:00:00, 1950-01-02 12:00:00, 1950-01-03 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-04 12:00:00, 1950-01-05 12:00:00, 1950-01-06 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-07 12:00:00, 1950-01-08 12:00:00, 1950-01-09 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-10 12:00:00,\n",
       "             ...\n",
       "             1950-12-22 12:00:00, 1950-12-23 12:00:00, 1950-12-24 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-12-25 12:00:00, 1950-12-26 12:00:00, 1950-12-27 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-12-28 12:00:00, 1950-12-29 12:00:00, 1950-12-30 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-12-31 12:00:00],\n",
       "            dtype=&#x27;object&#x27;, length=365, calendar=&#x27;noleap&#x27;, freq=&#x27;D&#x27;))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>lat</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-bce088ef-1ef8-4080-9884-c1010715f915' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-bce088ef-1ef8-4080-9884-c1010715f915' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(Index([-59.875, -59.625, -59.375, -59.125, -58.875, -58.625, -58.375, -58.125,\n",
       "       -57.875, -57.625,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "        87.625,  87.875,  88.125,  88.375,  88.625,  88.875,  89.125,  89.375,\n",
       "        89.625,  89.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lat&#x27;, length=600))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>lon</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-3ce2e4d7-9a83-4783-835b-81acb283c6a6' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-3ce2e4d7-9a83-4783-835b-81acb283c6a6' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(Index([  0.125,   0.375,   0.625,   0.875,   1.125,   1.375,   1.625,   1.875,\n",
       "         2.125,   2.375,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "       357.625, 357.875, 358.125, 358.375, 358.625, 358.875, 359.125, 359.375,\n",
       "       359.625, 359.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lon&#x27;, length=1440))</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-4d225579-8cd0-423b-99a1-0a0c1a971126' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  ><label for='section-4d225579-8cd0-423b-99a1-0a0c1a971126' class='xr-section-summary' >Attributes: <span>(23)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>downscalingModel :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>activity :</span></dt><dd>NEX-GDDP-CMIP6</dd><dt><span>contact :</span></dt><dd>Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget Thrasher: bridget@climateanalyticsgroup.org</dd><dt><span>Conventions :</span></dt><dd>CF-1.7</dd><dt><span>creation_date :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00</dd><dt><span>frequency :</span></dt><dd>day</dd><dt><span>institution :</span></dt><dd>NASA Earth Exchange, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035</dd><dt><span>variant_label :</span></dt><dd>r1i1p1f2</dd><dt><span>product :</span></dt><dd>output</dd><dt><span>realm :</span></dt><dd>atmos</dd><dt><span>source :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>scenario :</span></dt><dd>historical</dd><dt><span>references :</span></dt><dd>BCSD method: Thrasher et al., 2012, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.,16, 3309-3314. Ref period obs: latest version of the Princeton Global Meteorological Forcings (http://hydrology.princeton.edu/data.php), based on Sheffield et al., 2006, J. Climate, 19 (13), 3088-3111.</dd><dt><span>version :</span></dt><dd>1.0</dd><dt><span>tracking_id :</span></dt><dd>25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc</dd><dt><span>title :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscaled CMIP6 climate projection data</dd><dt><span>resolution_id :</span></dt><dd>0.25 degree</dd><dt><span>history :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00: install global attributes</dd><dt><span>disclaimer :</span></dt><dd>This data is considered provisional and subject to change. This data is provided as is without any warranty of any kind, either express or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to warranties of completeness, non-infringement, accuracy, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The user assumes all risk associated with the use of, or inability to use, this data.</dd><dt><span>external_variables :</span></dt><dd>areacella</dd><dt><span>cmip6_source_id :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G</dd><dt><span>cmip6_institution_id :</span></dt><dd>NASA-GISS</dd><dt><span>cmip6_license :</span></dt><dd>CC-BY-SA 4.0</dd></dl></div></li></ul></div></div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<xarray.Dataset>\n",
       "Dimensions:  (time: 365, lat: 600, lon: 1440)\n",
       "Coordinates:\n",
       "  * time     (time) object 1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1950-12-31 12:00:00\n",
       "  * lat      (lat) float64 -59.88 -59.62 -59.38 -59.12 ... 89.38 89.62 89.88\n",
       "  * lon      (lon) float64 0.125 0.375 0.625 0.875 ... 359.1 359.4 359.6 359.9\n",
       "Data variables:\n",
       "    tas      (time, lat, lon) float32 ...\n",
       "Attributes: (12/23)\n",
       "    downscalingModel:      BCSD\n",
       "    activity:              NEX-GDDP-CMIP6\n",
       "    contact:               Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget...\n",
       "    Conventions:           CF-1.7\n",
       "    creation_date:         2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00\n",
       "    frequency:             day\n",
       "    ...                    ...\n",
       "    history:               2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00: install global a...\n",
       "    disclaimer:            This data is considered provisional and subject to...\n",
       "    external_variables:    areacella\n",
       "    cmip6_source_id:       GISS-E2-1-G\n",
       "    cmip6_institution_id:  NASA-GISS\n",
       "    cmip6_license:         CC-BY-SA 4.0"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 9,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "fs_s3 = s3fs.S3FileSystem(anon=True)\n",
    "filepath = f's3://{files_paths[0]}'\n",
    "f = fs_s3.open(filepath, mode='rb')\n",
    "ds = xr.open_dataset(f)\n",
    "ds"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ea96dbcd-6c62-43fd-8940-fee05af5c1e2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 2: Setup the destination"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "id": "25d9a095",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "s3_fs = s3fs.S3FileSystem(\n",
    "    key=credentials['aws_access_key_id'],\n",
    "    secret=credentials['aws_secret_access_key'],\n",
    "    token=credentials['aws_session_token'], \n",
    "    anon=False\n",
    ")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "feb304c2-2e59-4e50-a2b7-e4b39c6078aa",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# 3: Set different target chunks"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "12838601-25f6-4c5f-8a82-57d0583173c4",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "For different sets of chunks, generate a zarr store."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "id": "35f7c859-94b8-4f41-bf55-af3c72139254",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "chunk_sets = []\n",
    "# Optimized for analysis\n",
    "temporal_target_chunks = { 'lat': ds.lat.shape[0], 'lon': ds.lon.shape[0], 'time': 29 }\n",
    "chunk_sets.append(temporal_target_chunks)\n",
    "# Optimized for visualization at a single time step\n",
    "global_target_chunks = { 'lat': ds.lat.shape[0], 'lon': ds.lon.shape[0], 'time': 1 }\n",
    "chunk_sets.append(global_target_chunks)\n",
    "# Optimized for time series\n",
    "#spatial_target_chunks = calc_auspicious_chunks_dict(ds[variable], chunk_dims=('lat','lon',))\n",
    "spatial_target_chunks = {'time': 365, 'lat': 262, 'lon': 262}\n",
    "chunk_sets.append(spatial_target_chunks)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 14,
   "id": "d3fd52a2-8868-4ac1-bb59-5ddf600dcc71",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "[{'lat': 600, 'lon': 1440, 'time': 29},\n",
       " {'lat': 600, 'lon': 1440, 'time': 1},\n",
       " {'time': 365, 'lat': 262, 'lon': 262}]"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 14,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "chunk_sets"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 15,
   "id": "cc75fffe-e28c-4366-96e4-2bb63ab667be",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "timings = {}\n",
    "# Iterate through remote_files to create a fileset\n",
    "fileset = [s3_fs.open(file) for file in files_paths[0:2]]\n",
    "for chunk_set in chunk_sets:\n",
    "    chunk_prefix = str((\"_\").join(map(str, chunk_set.values())))\n",
    "    store_name = f\"{zarr_directory}/{chunk_prefix}_CMIP6_daily_{model}_{variable}.zarr\"\n",
    "    with Timer() as t:\n",
    "        data = xr.open_mfdataset(fileset, combine='by_coords')\n",
    "        data_chunked = data.chunk(chunk_set)\n",
    "        store = s3fs.S3Map(root=f\"{bucket}/{store_name}\", s3=s3_fs, check=False)\n",
    "        data_chunked.to_zarr(store, mode='w')\n",
    "    timings[chunk_prefix] = round(t.elapsed * 1000, 2) "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 16,
   "id": "d3efc288-5467-4138-b55a-2e53efe1d06e",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
      "text/plain": [
       "{'600_1440_29': 68548.07, '600_1440_1': 46144.38, '365_262_262': 33111.03}"
      ]
     },
     "execution_count": 16,
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "execute_result"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "timings"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "8c9fbfbe-33e8-41ed-bad0-829d1b7066f7",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "source": [
    "# 4: Check it worked"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 12,
   "id": "e05e7871-e328-4a4f-be9c-4674df6812d6",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "data": {
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       ".xr-icon-database,\n",
       ".xr-icon-file-text2,\n",
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       "  display: inline-block;\n",
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       "</style><pre class='xr-text-repr-fallback'>&lt;xarray.Dataset&gt;\n",
       "Dimensions:  (lat: 600, lon: 1440, time: 730)\n",
       "Coordinates:\n",
       "  * lat      (lat) float64 -59.88 -59.62 -59.38 -59.12 ... 89.38 89.62 89.88\n",
       "  * lon      (lon) float64 0.125 0.375 0.625 0.875 ... 359.1 359.4 359.6 359.9\n",
       "  * time     (time) object 1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-31 12:00:00\n",
       "Data variables:\n",
       "    tas      (time, lat, lon) float32 dask.array&lt;chunksize=(29, 600, 1440), meta=np.ndarray&gt;\n",
       "Attributes: (12/23)\n",
       "    Conventions:           CF-1.7\n",
       "    activity:              NEX-GDDP-CMIP6\n",
       "    cmip6_institution_id:  NASA-GISS\n",
       "    cmip6_license:         CC-BY-SA 4.0\n",
       "    cmip6_source_id:       GISS-E2-1-G\n",
       "    contact:               Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget...\n",
       "    ...                    ...\n",
       "    scenario:              historical\n",
       "    source:                BCSD\n",
       "    title:                 GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscal...\n",
       "    tracking_id:           25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc\n",
       "    variant_label:         r1i1p1f2\n",
       "    version:               1.0</pre><div class='xr-wrap' style='display:none'><div class='xr-header'><div class='xr-obj-type'>xarray.Dataset</div></div><ul class='xr-sections'><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-7c3f79bc-0399-492a-be0b-40b8015b811a' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox' disabled ><label for='section-7c3f79bc-0399-492a-be0b-40b8015b811a' class='xr-section-summary'  title='Expand/collapse section'>Dimensions:</label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'><ul class='xr-dim-list'><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span>: 600</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span>: 1440</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span>: 730</li></ul></div><div class='xr-section-details'></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-dbe4728c-c4a6-4912-adc2-7b85ddc489d8' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-dbe4728c-c4a6-4912-adc2-7b85ddc489d8' class='xr-section-summary' >Coordinates: <span>(3)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lat)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>-59.88 -59.62 ... 89.62 89.88</div><input id='attrs-9a582d9d-444a-4678-9e25-4b4bd8d083b7' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-9a582d9d-444a-4678-9e25-4b4bd8d083b7' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-2a9440f6-f23f-4b64-8acb-1c8a09d5170e' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-2a9440f6-f23f-4b64-8acb-1c8a09d5170e' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>Y</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_north</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([-59.875, -59.625, -59.375, ...,  89.375,  89.625,  89.875])</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>0.125 0.375 0.625 ... 359.6 359.9</div><input id='attrs-6daad0c9-f2a5-48d0-a346-2d97d733ef85' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-6daad0c9-f2a5-48d0-a346-2d97d733ef85' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-7552b2a3-4727-4cb9-80d9-c1e9e8d5e3ae' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-7552b2a3-4727-4cb9-80d9-c1e9e8d5e3ae' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>X</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_east</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([1.25000e-01, 3.75000e-01, 6.25000e-01, ..., 3.59375e+02, 3.59625e+02,\n",
       "       3.59875e+02])</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>object</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-...</div><input id='attrs-aa398798-b265-4381-a9fe-fa08c17e37ef' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-aa398798-b265-4381-a9fe-fa08c17e37ef' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-82cd9449-8012-4336-b33a-3ffe6c216553' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-82cd9449-8012-4336-b33a-3ffe6c216553' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>T</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 3, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True), ...,\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 29, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 30, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 31, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True)],\n",
       "      dtype=object)</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-b5a9f49a-de50-40a4-84ab-c91ef0ad31fa' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-b5a9f49a-de50-40a4-84ab-c91ef0ad31fa' class='xr-section-summary' >Data variables: <span>(1)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span>tas</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time, lat, lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float32</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>dask.array&lt;chunksize=(29, 600, 1440), meta=np.ndarray&gt;</div><input id='attrs-d170ff2a-2532-4472-8d75-6f765bcdcd62' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-d170ff2a-2532-4472-8d75-6f765bcdcd62' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-fd854efe-0e67-45d6-ace8-879f6f4cc9d4' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-fd854efe-0e67-45d6-ace8-879f6f4cc9d4' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>cell_measures :</span></dt><dd>area: areacella</dd><dt><span>cell_methods :</span></dt><dd>area: mean time: maximum</dd><dt><span>comment :</span></dt><dd>near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature; derived from downscaled tasmax &amp; tasmin</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>Daily Near-Surface Air Temperature</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>air_temperature</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>K</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><table>\n",
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       "                </thead>\n",
       "                <tbody>\n",
       "                    \n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Bytes </th>\n",
       "                        <td> 2.35 GiB </td>\n",
       "                        <td> 95.58 MiB </td>\n",
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       "                        <td> (730, 600, 1440) </td>\n",
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       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Dask graph </th>\n",
       "                        <td colspan=\"2\"> 26 chunks in 2 graph layers </td>\n",
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       "                        <th> Data type </th>\n",
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       "       -57.875, -57.625,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "        87.625,  87.875,  88.125,  88.375,  88.625,  88.875,  89.125,  89.375,\n",
       "        89.625,  89.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lat&#x27;, length=600))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>lon</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-a69030d7-e614-418c-8cf9-5f2193840170' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-a69030d7-e614-418c-8cf9-5f2193840170' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(Index([  0.125,   0.375,   0.625,   0.875,   1.125,   1.375,   1.625,   1.875,\n",
       "         2.125,   2.375,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "       357.625, 357.875, 358.125, 358.375, 358.625, 358.875, 359.125, 359.375,\n",
       "       359.625, 359.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lon&#x27;, length=1440))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>time</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-a3a4a40d-982e-4f61-9f42-bc279fe30f5e' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-a3a4a40d-982e-4f61-9f42-bc279fe30f5e' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(CFTimeIndex([1950-01-01 12:00:00, 1950-01-02 12:00:00, 1950-01-03 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-04 12:00:00, 1950-01-05 12:00:00, 1950-01-06 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-07 12:00:00, 1950-01-08 12:00:00, 1950-01-09 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-10 12:00:00,\n",
       "             ...\n",
       "             1951-12-22 12:00:00, 1951-12-23 12:00:00, 1951-12-24 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-25 12:00:00, 1951-12-26 12:00:00, 1951-12-27 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-28 12:00:00, 1951-12-29 12:00:00, 1951-12-30 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-31 12:00:00],\n",
       "            dtype=&#x27;object&#x27;, length=730, calendar=&#x27;noleap&#x27;, freq=&#x27;D&#x27;))</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-af4210f7-b773-4b7d-b7a4-933077416d0e' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  ><label for='section-af4210f7-b773-4b7d-b7a4-933077416d0e' class='xr-section-summary' >Attributes: <span>(23)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>Conventions :</span></dt><dd>CF-1.7</dd><dt><span>activity :</span></dt><dd>NEX-GDDP-CMIP6</dd><dt><span>cmip6_institution_id :</span></dt><dd>NASA-GISS</dd><dt><span>cmip6_license :</span></dt><dd>CC-BY-SA 4.0</dd><dt><span>cmip6_source_id :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G</dd><dt><span>contact :</span></dt><dd>Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget Thrasher: bridget@climateanalyticsgroup.org</dd><dt><span>creation_date :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00</dd><dt><span>disclaimer :</span></dt><dd>This data is considered provisional and subject to change. This data is provided as is without any warranty of any kind, either express or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to warranties of completeness, non-infringement, accuracy, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The user assumes all risk associated with the use of, or inability to use, this data.</dd><dt><span>downscalingModel :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>external_variables :</span></dt><dd>areacella</dd><dt><span>frequency :</span></dt><dd>day</dd><dt><span>history :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00: install global attributes</dd><dt><span>institution :</span></dt><dd>NASA Earth Exchange, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035</dd><dt><span>product :</span></dt><dd>output</dd><dt><span>realm :</span></dt><dd>atmos</dd><dt><span>references :</span></dt><dd>BCSD method: Thrasher et al., 2012, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.,16, 3309-3314. Ref period obs: latest version of the Princeton Global Meteorological Forcings (http://hydrology.princeton.edu/data.php), based on Sheffield et al., 2006, J. Climate, 19 (13), 3088-3111.</dd><dt><span>resolution_id :</span></dt><dd>0.25 degree</dd><dt><span>scenario :</span></dt><dd>historical</dd><dt><span>source :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>title :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscaled CMIP6 climate projection data</dd><dt><span>tracking_id :</span></dt><dd>25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc</dd><dt><span>variant_label :</span></dt><dd>r1i1p1f2</dd><dt><span>version :</span></dt><dd>1.0</dd></dl></div></li></ul></div></div>"
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       "<xarray.Dataset>\n",
       "Dimensions:  (lat: 600, lon: 1440, time: 730)\n",
       "Coordinates:\n",
       "  * lat      (lat) float64 -59.88 -59.62 -59.38 -59.12 ... 89.38 89.62 89.88\n",
       "  * lon      (lon) float64 0.125 0.375 0.625 0.875 ... 359.1 359.4 359.6 359.9\n",
       "  * time     (time) object 1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-31 12:00:00\n",
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       "Attributes: (12/23)\n",
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       "    activity:              NEX-GDDP-CMIP6\n",
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       "    cmip6_source_id:       GISS-E2-1-G\n",
       "    contact:               Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget...\n",
       "    ...                    ...\n",
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       "\n",
       ".xr-obj-type,\n",
       ".xr-array-name {\n",
       "  margin-left: 2px;\n",
       "  margin-right: 10px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-obj-type {\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-sections {\n",
       "  padding-left: 0 !important;\n",
       "  display: grid;\n",
       "  grid-template-columns: 150px auto auto 1fr 20px 20px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-item {\n",
       "  display: contents;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-item input {\n",
       "  display: none;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-item input + label {\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-disabled-color);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-item input:enabled + label {\n",
       "  cursor: pointer;\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-item input:enabled + label:hover {\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color0);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary {\n",
       "  grid-column: 1;\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "  font-weight: 500;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary > span {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "  padding-left: 0.5em;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary-in:disabled + label {\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary-in + label:before {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "  content: '►';\n",
       "  font-size: 11px;\n",
       "  width: 15px;\n",
       "  text-align: center;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary-in:disabled + label:before {\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-disabled-color);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary-in:checked + label:before {\n",
       "  content: '▼';\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary-in:checked + label > span {\n",
       "  display: none;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary,\n",
       ".xr-section-inline-details {\n",
       "  padding-top: 4px;\n",
       "  padding-bottom: 4px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-inline-details {\n",
       "  grid-column: 2 / -1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-details {\n",
       "  display: none;\n",
       "  grid-column: 1 / -1;\n",
       "  margin-bottom: 5px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-section-summary-in:checked ~ .xr-section-details {\n",
       "  display: contents;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-array-wrap {\n",
       "  grid-column: 1 / -1;\n",
       "  display: grid;\n",
       "  grid-template-columns: 20px auto;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-array-wrap > label {\n",
       "  grid-column: 1;\n",
       "  vertical-align: top;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-preview {\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color3);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-array-preview,\n",
       ".xr-array-data {\n",
       "  padding: 0 5px !important;\n",
       "  grid-column: 2;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-array-data,\n",
       ".xr-array-in:checked ~ .xr-array-preview {\n",
       "  display: none;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-array-in:checked ~ .xr-array-data,\n",
       ".xr-array-preview {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-dim-list {\n",
       "  display: inline-block !important;\n",
       "  list-style: none;\n",
       "  padding: 0 !important;\n",
       "  margin: 0;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-dim-list li {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "  padding: 0;\n",
       "  margin: 0;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-dim-list:before {\n",
       "  content: '(';\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-dim-list:after {\n",
       "  content: ')';\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-dim-list li:not(:last-child):after {\n",
       "  content: ',';\n",
       "  padding-right: 5px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-has-index {\n",
       "  font-weight: bold;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-list,\n",
       ".xr-var-item {\n",
       "  display: contents;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-item > div,\n",
       ".xr-var-item label,\n",
       ".xr-var-item > .xr-var-name span {\n",
       "  background-color: var(--xr-background-color-row-even);\n",
       "  margin-bottom: 0;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-item > .xr-var-name:hover span {\n",
       "  padding-right: 5px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-list > li:nth-child(odd) > div,\n",
       ".xr-var-list > li:nth-child(odd) > label,\n",
       ".xr-var-list > li:nth-child(odd) > .xr-var-name span {\n",
       "  background-color: var(--xr-background-color-row-odd);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name {\n",
       "  grid-column: 1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-dims {\n",
       "  grid-column: 2;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-dtype {\n",
       "  grid-column: 3;\n",
       "  text-align: right;\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-preview {\n",
       "  grid-column: 4;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-index-preview {\n",
       "  grid-column: 2 / 5;\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name,\n",
       ".xr-var-dims,\n",
       ".xr-var-dtype,\n",
       ".xr-preview,\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt {\n",
       "  white-space: nowrap;\n",
       "  overflow: hidden;\n",
       "  text-overflow: ellipsis;\n",
       "  padding-right: 10px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name:hover,\n",
       ".xr-var-dims:hover,\n",
       ".xr-var-dtype:hover,\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt:hover {\n",
       "  overflow: visible;\n",
       "  width: auto;\n",
       "  z-index: 1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-data {\n",
       "  display: none;\n",
       "  background-color: var(--xr-background-color) !important;\n",
       "  padding-bottom: 5px !important;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-attrs-in:checked ~ .xr-var-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-data-in:checked ~ .xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-data-in:checked ~ .xr-index-data {\n",
       "  display: block;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-data > table {\n",
       "  float: right;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name span,\n",
       ".xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-name div,\n",
       ".xr-index-data,\n",
       ".xr-attrs {\n",
       "  padding-left: 25px !important;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-data {\n",
       "  grid-column: 1 / -1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       "dl.xr-attrs {\n",
       "  padding: 0;\n",
       "  margin: 0;\n",
       "  display: grid;\n",
       "  grid-template-columns: 125px auto;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt,\n",
       ".xr-attrs dd {\n",
       "  padding: 0;\n",
       "  margin: 0;\n",
       "  float: left;\n",
       "  padding-right: 10px;\n",
       "  width: auto;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt {\n",
       "  font-weight: normal;\n",
       "  grid-column: 1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt:hover span {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "  background: var(--xr-background-color);\n",
       "  padding-right: 10px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dd {\n",
       "  grid-column: 2;\n",
       "  white-space: pre-wrap;\n",
       "  word-break: break-all;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-icon-database,\n",
       ".xr-icon-file-text2,\n",
       ".xr-no-icon {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "  vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "  width: 1em;\n",
       "  height: 1.5em !important;\n",
       "  stroke-width: 0;\n",
       "  stroke: currentColor;\n",
       "  fill: currentColor;\n",
       "}\n",
       "</style><pre class='xr-text-repr-fallback'>&lt;xarray.Dataset&gt;\n",
       "Dimensions:  (lat: 600, lon: 1440, time: 730)\n",
       "Coordinates:\n",
       "  * lat      (lat) float64 -59.88 -59.62 -59.38 -59.12 ... 89.38 89.62 89.88\n",
       "  * lon      (lon) float64 0.125 0.375 0.625 0.875 ... 359.1 359.4 359.6 359.9\n",
       "  * time     (time) object 1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-31 12:00:00\n",
       "Data variables:\n",
       "    tas      (time, lat, lon) float32 dask.array&lt;chunksize=(1, 600, 1440), meta=np.ndarray&gt;\n",
       "Attributes: (12/23)\n",
       "    Conventions:           CF-1.7\n",
       "    activity:              NEX-GDDP-CMIP6\n",
       "    cmip6_institution_id:  NASA-GISS\n",
       "    cmip6_license:         CC-BY-SA 4.0\n",
       "    cmip6_source_id:       GISS-E2-1-G\n",
       "    contact:               Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget...\n",
       "    ...                    ...\n",
       "    scenario:              historical\n",
       "    source:                BCSD\n",
       "    title:                 GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscal...\n",
       "    tracking_id:           25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc\n",
       "    variant_label:         r1i1p1f2\n",
       "    version:               1.0</pre><div class='xr-wrap' style='display:none'><div class='xr-header'><div class='xr-obj-type'>xarray.Dataset</div></div><ul class='xr-sections'><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-2d27b5c9-55be-4a2a-97de-1a745bcacbad' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox' disabled ><label for='section-2d27b5c9-55be-4a2a-97de-1a745bcacbad' class='xr-section-summary'  title='Expand/collapse section'>Dimensions:</label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'><ul class='xr-dim-list'><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span>: 600</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span>: 1440</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span>: 730</li></ul></div><div class='xr-section-details'></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-41f857dc-e0b0-43f0-910e-189d9a42ee59' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-41f857dc-e0b0-43f0-910e-189d9a42ee59' class='xr-section-summary' >Coordinates: <span>(3)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lat)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>-59.88 -59.62 ... 89.62 89.88</div><input id='attrs-2d1f60ef-ea1b-42d4-bd70-501dd5c6d928' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-2d1f60ef-ea1b-42d4-bd70-501dd5c6d928' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-f184fd5e-6f8f-400f-a095-7cbaa34a3c43' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-f184fd5e-6f8f-400f-a095-7cbaa34a3c43' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>Y</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_north</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([-59.875, -59.625, -59.375, ...,  89.375,  89.625,  89.875])</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>0.125 0.375 0.625 ... 359.6 359.9</div><input id='attrs-c63ec457-10f6-4888-be9c-9f4f1715802d' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-c63ec457-10f6-4888-be9c-9f4f1715802d' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-9d46b90c-f251-4f8a-8ea2-e991852d076a' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-9d46b90c-f251-4f8a-8ea2-e991852d076a' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>X</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_east</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([1.25000e-01, 3.75000e-01, 6.25000e-01, ..., 3.59375e+02, 3.59625e+02,\n",
       "       3.59875e+02])</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>object</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-...</div><input id='attrs-72f43fda-14bb-438e-936a-a83c83fe39f6' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-72f43fda-14bb-438e-936a-a83c83fe39f6' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-35277061-5f5c-4654-80e1-ab00537addbb' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-35277061-5f5c-4654-80e1-ab00537addbb' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>T</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 3, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True), ...,\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 29, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 30, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 31, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True)],\n",
       "      dtype=object)</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-7390cadc-8838-492f-86a9-2e16bdb5023a' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-7390cadc-8838-492f-86a9-2e16bdb5023a' class='xr-section-summary' >Data variables: <span>(1)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span>tas</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time, lat, lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float32</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>dask.array&lt;chunksize=(1, 600, 1440), meta=np.ndarray&gt;</div><input id='attrs-a7bbcfef-054d-42b0-9e7f-e539dda14cbd' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-a7bbcfef-054d-42b0-9e7f-e539dda14cbd' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-94c33d4a-172f-473a-80c3-339d33e53948' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-94c33d4a-172f-473a-80c3-339d33e53948' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>cell_measures :</span></dt><dd>area: areacella</dd><dt><span>cell_methods :</span></dt><dd>area: mean time: maximum</dd><dt><span>comment :</span></dt><dd>near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature; derived from downscaled tasmax &amp; tasmin</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>Daily Near-Surface Air Temperature</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>air_temperature</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>K</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><table>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "        <td>\n",
       "            <table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\">\n",
       "                <thead>\n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <td> </td>\n",
       "                        <th> Array </th>\n",
       "                        <th> Chunk </th>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                </thead>\n",
       "                <tbody>\n",
       "                    \n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Bytes </th>\n",
       "                        <td> 2.35 GiB </td>\n",
       "                        <td> 3.30 MiB </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                    \n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Shape </th>\n",
       "                        <td> (730, 600, 1440) </td>\n",
       "                        <td> (1, 600, 1440) </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Dask graph </th>\n",
       "                        <td colspan=\"2\"> 730 chunks in 2 graph layers </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Data type </th>\n",
       "                        <td colspan=\"2\"> float32 numpy.ndarray </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                </tbody>\n",
       "            </table>\n",
       "        </td>\n",
       "        <td>\n",
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       "       -57.875, -57.625,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "        87.625,  87.875,  88.125,  88.375,  88.625,  88.875,  89.125,  89.375,\n",
       "        89.625,  89.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lat&#x27;, length=600))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>lon</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-6f0b95d6-d890-43a6-a8d9-735dbc34fe9b' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-6f0b95d6-d890-43a6-a8d9-735dbc34fe9b' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(Index([  0.125,   0.375,   0.625,   0.875,   1.125,   1.375,   1.625,   1.875,\n",
       "         2.125,   2.375,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "       357.625, 357.875, 358.125, 358.375, 358.625, 358.875, 359.125, 359.375,\n",
       "       359.625, 359.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lon&#x27;, length=1440))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>time</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-bd2e8d0b-0ff3-4cad-b0ac-bcd283ae0e1e' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-bd2e8d0b-0ff3-4cad-b0ac-bcd283ae0e1e' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(CFTimeIndex([1950-01-01 12:00:00, 1950-01-02 12:00:00, 1950-01-03 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-04 12:00:00, 1950-01-05 12:00:00, 1950-01-06 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-07 12:00:00, 1950-01-08 12:00:00, 1950-01-09 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-10 12:00:00,\n",
       "             ...\n",
       "             1951-12-22 12:00:00, 1951-12-23 12:00:00, 1951-12-24 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-25 12:00:00, 1951-12-26 12:00:00, 1951-12-27 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-28 12:00:00, 1951-12-29 12:00:00, 1951-12-30 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-31 12:00:00],\n",
       "            dtype=&#x27;object&#x27;, length=730, calendar=&#x27;noleap&#x27;, freq=&#x27;D&#x27;))</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-783c0aa4-aa39-4c1f-85a1-1da33fd244df' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  ><label for='section-783c0aa4-aa39-4c1f-85a1-1da33fd244df' class='xr-section-summary' >Attributes: <span>(23)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>Conventions :</span></dt><dd>CF-1.7</dd><dt><span>activity :</span></dt><dd>NEX-GDDP-CMIP6</dd><dt><span>cmip6_institution_id :</span></dt><dd>NASA-GISS</dd><dt><span>cmip6_license :</span></dt><dd>CC-BY-SA 4.0</dd><dt><span>cmip6_source_id :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G</dd><dt><span>contact :</span></dt><dd>Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget Thrasher: bridget@climateanalyticsgroup.org</dd><dt><span>creation_date :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00</dd><dt><span>disclaimer :</span></dt><dd>This data is considered provisional and subject to change. This data is provided as is without any warranty of any kind, either express or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to warranties of completeness, non-infringement, accuracy, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The user assumes all risk associated with the use of, or inability to use, this data.</dd><dt><span>downscalingModel :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>external_variables :</span></dt><dd>areacella</dd><dt><span>frequency :</span></dt><dd>day</dd><dt><span>history :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00: install global attributes</dd><dt><span>institution :</span></dt><dd>NASA Earth Exchange, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035</dd><dt><span>product :</span></dt><dd>output</dd><dt><span>realm :</span></dt><dd>atmos</dd><dt><span>references :</span></dt><dd>BCSD method: Thrasher et al., 2012, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.,16, 3309-3314. Ref period obs: latest version of the Princeton Global Meteorological Forcings (http://hydrology.princeton.edu/data.php), based on Sheffield et al., 2006, J. Climate, 19 (13), 3088-3111.</dd><dt><span>resolution_id :</span></dt><dd>0.25 degree</dd><dt><span>scenario :</span></dt><dd>historical</dd><dt><span>source :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>title :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscaled CMIP6 climate projection data</dd><dt><span>tracking_id :</span></dt><dd>25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc</dd><dt><span>variant_label :</span></dt><dd>r1i1p1f2</dd><dt><span>version :</span></dt><dd>1.0</dd></dl></div></li></ul></div></div>"
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       ".xr-var-list > li:nth-child(odd) > .xr-var-name span {\n",
       "  background-color: var(--xr-background-color-row-odd);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name {\n",
       "  grid-column: 1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-dims {\n",
       "  grid-column: 2;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-dtype {\n",
       "  grid-column: 3;\n",
       "  text-align: right;\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-preview {\n",
       "  grid-column: 4;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-index-preview {\n",
       "  grid-column: 2 / 5;\n",
       "  color: var(--xr-font-color2);\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name,\n",
       ".xr-var-dims,\n",
       ".xr-var-dtype,\n",
       ".xr-preview,\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt {\n",
       "  white-space: nowrap;\n",
       "  overflow: hidden;\n",
       "  text-overflow: ellipsis;\n",
       "  padding-right: 10px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name:hover,\n",
       ".xr-var-dims:hover,\n",
       ".xr-var-dtype:hover,\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt:hover {\n",
       "  overflow: visible;\n",
       "  width: auto;\n",
       "  z-index: 1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-data {\n",
       "  display: none;\n",
       "  background-color: var(--xr-background-color) !important;\n",
       "  padding-bottom: 5px !important;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-attrs-in:checked ~ .xr-var-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-data-in:checked ~ .xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-data-in:checked ~ .xr-index-data {\n",
       "  display: block;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-data > table {\n",
       "  float: right;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-var-name span,\n",
       ".xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-name div,\n",
       ".xr-index-data,\n",
       ".xr-attrs {\n",
       "  padding-left: 25px !important;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-attrs,\n",
       ".xr-var-data,\n",
       ".xr-index-data {\n",
       "  grid-column: 1 / -1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       "dl.xr-attrs {\n",
       "  padding: 0;\n",
       "  margin: 0;\n",
       "  display: grid;\n",
       "  grid-template-columns: 125px auto;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt,\n",
       ".xr-attrs dd {\n",
       "  padding: 0;\n",
       "  margin: 0;\n",
       "  float: left;\n",
       "  padding-right: 10px;\n",
       "  width: auto;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt {\n",
       "  font-weight: normal;\n",
       "  grid-column: 1;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dt:hover span {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "  background: var(--xr-background-color);\n",
       "  padding-right: 10px;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-attrs dd {\n",
       "  grid-column: 2;\n",
       "  white-space: pre-wrap;\n",
       "  word-break: break-all;\n",
       "}\n",
       "\n",
       ".xr-icon-database,\n",
       ".xr-icon-file-text2,\n",
       ".xr-no-icon {\n",
       "  display: inline-block;\n",
       "  vertical-align: middle;\n",
       "  width: 1em;\n",
       "  height: 1.5em !important;\n",
       "  stroke-width: 0;\n",
       "  stroke: currentColor;\n",
       "  fill: currentColor;\n",
       "}\n",
       "</style><pre class='xr-text-repr-fallback'>&lt;xarray.Dataset&gt;\n",
       "Dimensions:  (lat: 600, lon: 1440, time: 730)\n",
       "Coordinates:\n",
       "  * lat      (lat) float64 -59.88 -59.62 -59.38 -59.12 ... 89.38 89.62 89.88\n",
       "  * lon      (lon) float64 0.125 0.375 0.625 0.875 ... 359.1 359.4 359.6 359.9\n",
       "  * time     (time) object 1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-31 12:00:00\n",
       "Data variables:\n",
       "    tas      (time, lat, lon) float32 dask.array&lt;chunksize=(365, 262, 262), meta=np.ndarray&gt;\n",
       "Attributes: (12/23)\n",
       "    Conventions:           CF-1.7\n",
       "    activity:              NEX-GDDP-CMIP6\n",
       "    cmip6_institution_id:  NASA-GISS\n",
       "    cmip6_license:         CC-BY-SA 4.0\n",
       "    cmip6_source_id:       GISS-E2-1-G\n",
       "    contact:               Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget...\n",
       "    ...                    ...\n",
       "    scenario:              historical\n",
       "    source:                BCSD\n",
       "    title:                 GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscal...\n",
       "    tracking_id:           25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc\n",
       "    variant_label:         r1i1p1f2\n",
       "    version:               1.0</pre><div class='xr-wrap' style='display:none'><div class='xr-header'><div class='xr-obj-type'>xarray.Dataset</div></div><ul class='xr-sections'><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-d4a56635-b862-484a-8a2b-c7dc67d24678' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox' disabled ><label for='section-d4a56635-b862-484a-8a2b-c7dc67d24678' class='xr-section-summary'  title='Expand/collapse section'>Dimensions:</label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'><ul class='xr-dim-list'><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span>: 600</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span>: 1440</li><li><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span>: 730</li></ul></div><div class='xr-section-details'></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-8f3793f8-0d40-4aed-9376-db31a15748fd' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-8f3793f8-0d40-4aed-9376-db31a15748fd' class='xr-section-summary' >Coordinates: <span>(3)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lat</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lat)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>-59.88 -59.62 ... 89.62 89.88</div><input id='attrs-39047e3d-37c1-44fa-8544-9d63be0053a4' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-39047e3d-37c1-44fa-8544-9d63be0053a4' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-fb019535-8928-4583-ba12-3716c46bde85' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-fb019535-8928-4583-ba12-3716c46bde85' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>Y</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>latitude</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_north</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([-59.875, -59.625, -59.375, ...,  89.375,  89.625,  89.875])</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>lon</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float64</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>0.125 0.375 0.625 ... 359.6 359.9</div><input id='attrs-8b8bace4-4e26-408c-b2e1-aa3ade8c886b' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-8b8bace4-4e26-408c-b2e1-aa3ade8c886b' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-e1f2a3b8-9a19-4f23-81ba-9d275ae40be6' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-e1f2a3b8-9a19-4f23-81ba-9d275ae40be6' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>X</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>longitude</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>degrees_east</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([1.25000e-01, 3.75000e-01, 6.25000e-01, ..., 3.59375e+02, 3.59625e+02,\n",
       "       3.59875e+02])</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span class='xr-has-index'>time</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>object</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-...</div><input id='attrs-dbeb947f-c85d-462d-a69a-cf87134c7c51' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-dbeb947f-c85d-462d-a69a-cf87134c7c51' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-fdf6dc67-cb73-4e78-bfd1-73e76246aa75' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-fdf6dc67-cb73-4e78-bfd1-73e76246aa75' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>axis :</span></dt><dd>T</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>time</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><pre>array([cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 1, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 2, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1950, 1, 3, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True), ...,\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 29, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 30, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True),\n",
       "       cftime.DatetimeNoLeap(1951, 12, 31, 12, 0, 0, 0, has_year_zero=True)],\n",
       "      dtype=object)</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-a03600ba-e228-481c-a36f-bd4e07140975' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  checked><label for='section-a03600ba-e228-481c-a36f-bd4e07140975' class='xr-section-summary' >Data variables: <span>(1)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-var-name'><span>tas</span></div><div class='xr-var-dims'>(time, lat, lon)</div><div class='xr-var-dtype'>float32</div><div class='xr-var-preview xr-preview'>dask.array&lt;chunksize=(365, 262, 262), meta=np.ndarray&gt;</div><input id='attrs-066c482a-e86f-41da-803c-801a160e6366' class='xr-var-attrs-in' type='checkbox' ><label for='attrs-066c482a-e86f-41da-803c-801a160e6366' title='Show/Hide attributes'><svg class='icon xr-icon-file-text2'><use xlink:href='#icon-file-text2'></use></svg></label><input id='data-876fff99-bace-4ddd-aff3-8aed5df2232c' class='xr-var-data-in' type='checkbox'><label for='data-876fff99-bace-4ddd-aff3-8aed5df2232c' title='Show/Hide data repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-var-attrs'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>cell_measures :</span></dt><dd>area: areacella</dd><dt><span>cell_methods :</span></dt><dd>area: mean time: maximum</dd><dt><span>comment :</span></dt><dd>near-surface (usually, 2 meter) air temperature; derived from downscaled tasmax &amp; tasmin</dd><dt><span>long_name :</span></dt><dd>Daily Near-Surface Air Temperature</dd><dt><span>standard_name :</span></dt><dd>air_temperature</dd><dt><span>units :</span></dt><dd>K</dd></dl></div><div class='xr-var-data'><table>\n",
       "    <tr>\n",
       "        <td>\n",
       "            <table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;\">\n",
       "                <thead>\n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <td> </td>\n",
       "                        <th> Array </th>\n",
       "                        <th> Chunk </th>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                </thead>\n",
       "                <tbody>\n",
       "                    \n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Bytes </th>\n",
       "                        <td> 2.35 GiB </td>\n",
       "                        <td> 95.58 MiB </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                    \n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Shape </th>\n",
       "                        <td> (730, 600, 1440) </td>\n",
       "                        <td> (365, 262, 262) </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Dask graph </th>\n",
       "                        <td colspan=\"2\"> 36 chunks in 2 graph layers </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                    <tr>\n",
       "                        <th> Data type </th>\n",
       "                        <td colspan=\"2\"> float32 numpy.ndarray </td>\n",
       "                    </tr>\n",
       "                </tbody>\n",
       "            </table>\n",
       "        </td>\n",
       "        <td>\n",
       "        <svg width=\"215\" height=\"135\" style=\"stroke:rgb(0,0,0);stroke-width:1\" >\n",
       "\n",
       "  <!-- Horizontal lines -->\n",
       "  <line x1=\"10\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"45\" y2=\"35\" style=\"stroke-width:2\" />\n",
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       "\n",
       "  <!-- Vertical lines -->\n",
       "  <line x1=\"10\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"10\" y2=\"50\" style=\"stroke-width:2\" />\n",
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       "  <line x1=\"45\" y1=\"35\" x2=\"45\" y2=\"85\" style=\"stroke-width:2\" />\n",
       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "\n",
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       "  <text x=\"105.784314\" y=\"105.784314\" font-size=\"1.0rem\" font-weight=\"100\" text-anchor=\"middle\" >1440</text>\n",
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       "  <text x=\"17.892157\" y=\"87.892157\" font-size=\"1.0rem\" font-weight=\"100\" text-anchor=\"middle\" transform=\"rotate(45,17.892157,87.892157)\">730</text>\n",
       "</svg>\n",
       "        </td>\n",
       "    </tr>\n",
       "</table></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-334640e3-6aa8-4bd9-9555-c220177fcb4b' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  ><label for='section-334640e3-6aa8-4bd9-9555-c220177fcb4b' class='xr-section-summary' >Indexes: <span>(3)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><ul class='xr-var-list'><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>lat</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-ded84a2c-0509-4359-a4ca-a0f2ef84ca0c' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-ded84a2c-0509-4359-a4ca-a0f2ef84ca0c' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(Index([-59.875, -59.625, -59.375, -59.125, -58.875, -58.625, -58.375, -58.125,\n",
       "       -57.875, -57.625,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "        87.625,  87.875,  88.125,  88.375,  88.625,  88.875,  89.125,  89.375,\n",
       "        89.625,  89.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lat&#x27;, length=600))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>lon</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-bd5f1feb-e159-4ecf-95b3-f6f56b55bfc4' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-bd5f1feb-e159-4ecf-95b3-f6f56b55bfc4' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(Index([  0.125,   0.375,   0.625,   0.875,   1.125,   1.375,   1.625,   1.875,\n",
       "         2.125,   2.375,\n",
       "       ...\n",
       "       357.625, 357.875, 358.125, 358.375, 358.625, 358.875, 359.125, 359.375,\n",
       "       359.625, 359.875],\n",
       "      dtype=&#x27;float64&#x27;, name=&#x27;lon&#x27;, length=1440))</pre></div></li><li class='xr-var-item'><div class='xr-index-name'><div>time</div></div><div class='xr-index-preview'>PandasIndex</div><div></div><input id='index-1f0dd5c0-ba6c-4f41-916e-254f1d675292' class='xr-index-data-in' type='checkbox'/><label for='index-1f0dd5c0-ba6c-4f41-916e-254f1d675292' title='Show/Hide index repr'><svg class='icon xr-icon-database'><use xlink:href='#icon-database'></use></svg></label><div class='xr-index-data'><pre>PandasIndex(CFTimeIndex([1950-01-01 12:00:00, 1950-01-02 12:00:00, 1950-01-03 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-04 12:00:00, 1950-01-05 12:00:00, 1950-01-06 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-07 12:00:00, 1950-01-08 12:00:00, 1950-01-09 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1950-01-10 12:00:00,\n",
       "             ...\n",
       "             1951-12-22 12:00:00, 1951-12-23 12:00:00, 1951-12-24 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-25 12:00:00, 1951-12-26 12:00:00, 1951-12-27 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-28 12:00:00, 1951-12-29 12:00:00, 1951-12-30 12:00:00,\n",
       "             1951-12-31 12:00:00],\n",
       "            dtype=&#x27;object&#x27;, length=730, calendar=&#x27;noleap&#x27;, freq=&#x27;D&#x27;))</pre></div></li></ul></div></li><li class='xr-section-item'><input id='section-cd71e3ea-dc02-4ff3-aca7-e799de5255e3' class='xr-section-summary-in' type='checkbox'  ><label for='section-cd71e3ea-dc02-4ff3-aca7-e799de5255e3' class='xr-section-summary' >Attributes: <span>(23)</span></label><div class='xr-section-inline-details'></div><div class='xr-section-details'><dl class='xr-attrs'><dt><span>Conventions :</span></dt><dd>CF-1.7</dd><dt><span>activity :</span></dt><dd>NEX-GDDP-CMIP6</dd><dt><span>cmip6_institution_id :</span></dt><dd>NASA-GISS</dd><dt><span>cmip6_license :</span></dt><dd>CC-BY-SA 4.0</dd><dt><span>cmip6_source_id :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G</dd><dt><span>contact :</span></dt><dd>Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget Thrasher: bridget@climateanalyticsgroup.org</dd><dt><span>creation_date :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00</dd><dt><span>disclaimer :</span></dt><dd>This data is considered provisional and subject to change. This data is provided as is without any warranty of any kind, either express or implied, arising by law or otherwise, including but not limited to warranties of completeness, non-infringement, accuracy, merchantability, or fitness for a particular purpose. The user assumes all risk associated with the use of, or inability to use, this data.</dd><dt><span>downscalingModel :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>external_variables :</span></dt><dd>areacella</dd><dt><span>frequency :</span></dt><dd>day</dd><dt><span>history :</span></dt><dd>2021-10-04T18:41:40.796912+00:00: install global attributes</dd><dt><span>institution :</span></dt><dd>NASA Earth Exchange, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA 94035</dd><dt><span>product :</span></dt><dd>output</dd><dt><span>realm :</span></dt><dd>atmos</dd><dt><span>references :</span></dt><dd>BCSD method: Thrasher et al., 2012, Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.,16, 3309-3314. Ref period obs: latest version of the Princeton Global Meteorological Forcings (http://hydrology.princeton.edu/data.php), based on Sheffield et al., 2006, J. Climate, 19 (13), 3088-3111.</dd><dt><span>resolution_id :</span></dt><dd>0.25 degree</dd><dt><span>scenario :</span></dt><dd>historical</dd><dt><span>source :</span></dt><dd>BCSD</dd><dt><span>title :</span></dt><dd>GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscaled CMIP6 climate projection data</dd><dt><span>tracking_id :</span></dt><dd>25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc</dd><dt><span>variant_label :</span></dt><dd>r1i1p1f2</dd><dt><span>version :</span></dt><dd>1.0</dd></dl></div></li></ul></div></div>"
      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<xarray.Dataset>\n",
       "Dimensions:  (lat: 600, lon: 1440, time: 730)\n",
       "Coordinates:\n",
       "  * lat      (lat) float64 -59.88 -59.62 -59.38 -59.12 ... 89.38 89.62 89.88\n",
       "  * lon      (lon) float64 0.125 0.375 0.625 0.875 ... 359.1 359.4 359.6 359.9\n",
       "  * time     (time) object 1950-01-01 12:00:00 ... 1951-12-31 12:00:00\n",
       "Data variables:\n",
       "    tas      (time, lat, lon) float32 dask.array<chunksize=(365, 262, 262), meta=np.ndarray>\n",
       "Attributes: (12/23)\n",
       "    Conventions:           CF-1.7\n",
       "    activity:              NEX-GDDP-CMIP6\n",
       "    cmip6_institution_id:  NASA-GISS\n",
       "    cmip6_license:         CC-BY-SA 4.0\n",
       "    cmip6_source_id:       GISS-E2-1-G\n",
       "    contact:               Dr. Rama Nemani: rama.nemani@nasa.gov, Dr. Bridget...\n",
       "    ...                    ...\n",
       "    scenario:              historical\n",
       "    source:                BCSD\n",
       "    title:                 GISS-E2-1-G, r1i1p1f2, historical, global downscal...\n",
       "    tracking_id:           25d6baa3-0404-4eba-a3f1-afddbf69d4cc\n",
       "    variant_label:         r1i1p1f2\n",
       "    version:               1.0"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "for chunk_set in chunk_sets:\n",
    "    chunk_prefix = str((\"_\").join(map(str, chunk_set.values())))\n",
    "    store_name = f\"{zarr_directory}/{chunk_prefix}_CMIP6_daily_{model}_{variable}.zarr\"    \n",
    "    store = s3fs.S3Map(root=f\"{bucket}/{store_name}\", s3=s3_fs, check=True)\n",
    "    ds = xr.open_zarr(store, consolidated=True)\n",
    "    display(ds)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 13,
   "id": "5e62d759-f4ad-4d09-b6aa-c9894bc7d870",
   "metadata": {
    "tags": []
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# Write output to json file\n",
    "import json\n",
    "datasets = {}\n",
    "for chunk_set in chunk_sets:\n",
    "    chunk_prefix = str((\"_\").join(map(str, chunk_set.values())))\n",
    "    dataset_id = f\"{chunk_prefix}_CMIP6_daily_{model}_{variable}.zarr\"\n",
    "    dataset_url = f\"s3://{bucket}/{zarr_directory}/{dataset_id}\"\n",
    "    datasets[dataset_id] = {\n",
    "        \"dataset_url\": dataset_url,\n",
    "        \"variable\": variable\n",
    "    }\n",
    "    \n",
    "with open(\"cmip6-zarr-datasets.json\", \"w\") as f:\n",
    "    f.write(json.dumps(datasets))\n",
    "    f.close()\n"
   ]
  }
 ],
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