digoal
2022-09-12
PostgreSQL , ubuntu , usb , openssh-server , sshd_config
假期翻出一台家里的老笔记本, 配置还可以(i7 8代, 16G内存, 256SSD), 拿出来当服务器用.
- 下载ubuntu镜像, 制作ubuntu USB安装介质;
- 安装ubuntu, 配置无线网络, 优化无线网络, 设置默认启动非图形界面, 安装openssh-server, 配置sshd;
- 编写MacOS 自动ssh连接ubuntu脚本;
一、制作ubuntu usb安装介质
1、下载ubuntu, 选择就近, 网络带宽较大的网站下载:
https://launchpad.net/ubuntu/+cdmirrors
ubuntu-20.04.5-desktop-amd64.iso
2、检查checksum, 对比ubuntu给出的sum是否一致, 确保下载的iso文件正确.
shasum -a 256 ./ubuntu-22.04.1-desktop-amd64.iso
3、插入并umount usb
diskutil list
/dev/disk2为u盘设备号
digoaldeAir:Downloads digoal$ diskutil umountDisk /dev/disk2
Unmount of all volumes on disk2 was successful
4、将镜像写入usb, 使用/dev/rdisk更快.
digoaldeAir:Downloads digoal$ sudo dd if=./ubuntu-20.04.5-desktop-amd64.iso of=/dev/rdisk2 bs=1m
Password:
3649+1 records in
3649+1 records out
3826831360 bytes transferred in 331.014593 secs (11560914 bytes/sec)
为什么呢？ 在OS X中，每个磁盘在/dev中可能有两个路径引用：
/dev/disk＃是缓冲设备，这意味着要发送的所有数据都经过了额外的处理。/dev/rdisk＃是原始路径，速度更快，并且在使用dd程序时完全可以。
在Class 4 SD卡上，使用rdisk路径的差异大约快20倍。
5、推出usb
二、使用usb在非macbook中安装ubuntu
1、使用USB设备启动
2、安装desktop版,
3、安装完毕, 移除usb后, enter重启, 完成安装.
4、安装openssh-server
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
如果报错, 可能是依赖特定版本的openssh-client
sudo apt-get install openssh-client=1:8.2p1-4ubuntu0.2
sudo apt-get install openssh-server
5、配置sshd
sudo vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
去除如下几行的注释:
Port 22
ListenAddress 0.0.0.0
PasswordAuthentication yes
TCPKeepAlive yes
6、配置默认启动到命令行界面
https://blog.csdn.net/joker00007/article/details/120658259
sudo systemctl set-default multi-user.target
如果要改回来图形界面启动:
sudo systemctl set-default graphical.target
如果要在命令行界面启动图形界面:
startx
7、关闭无线网卡电源管理, 获得更稳定的无线网络性能
查询无线网卡设备名
iwconfig
wlp5s0 IEEE 802.11 ESSID:"Redmi_keting_5G"
Mode:Managed Frequency:5.805 GHz Access Point: 28:D1:27:5A:A3:A8
Bit Rate=433.3 Mb/s Tx-Power=22 dBm
Retry short limit:7 RTS thr:off Fragment thr:off
Power Management:off
Link Quality=55/70 Signal level=-55 dBm
Rx invalid nwid:0 Rx invalid crypt:0 Rx invalid frag:0
Tx excessive retries:0 Invalid misc:43 Missed beacon:0
临时关闭无线网卡电源管理
sudo iwconfig wlp5s0 power off
永久关闭无线网卡电源管理
cd /etc/NetworkManager/conf.d/
sudo vi default-wifi-powersave-on.conf
[connection]
wifi.powersave = 2
8、其他配置, 笔记本当称服务器用.
-
1 region. EN_US
-
2 关闭蓝牙
-
3 插线时不使用节能, 不待机等
-
4 不关闭网卡节能
-
5 关闭自动安装更新(仅提示安全类更新, 但是需要人工进行更新)
-
6 cpu主频设置: https://blog.csdn.net/xuershuai/article/details/122023817
-
7 合盖和电源按钮配置:
sudo vi /etc/systemd/logind.conf
设置如下:
HandlePowerKey=ignore
HandleLidSwitch=ignore
重启systemd-logind服务
sudo systemctl restart systemd-logind
- 8 GeForce MX150 驱动:
https://askubuntu.com/questions/1117153/how-enable-use-geforce-mx150
https://forums.developer.nvidia.com/t/ubuntu-20-04-geforce-mx150-couldnt-communicate-with-the-nvidia-driver/166514
ubuntu-drivers devices
sudo ubuntu-drivers autoinstall
重启ubuntu
查询nvidia卡信息:
digoal@digoal-Haier5000A:~$ nvidia-smi
Mon Sep 12 18:02:07 2022
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| NVIDIA-SMI 515.65.01 Driver Version: 515.65.01 CUDA Version: 11.7 |
|-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
| GPU Name Persistence-M| Bus-Id Disp.A | Volatile Uncorr. ECC |
| Fan Temp Perf Pwr:Usage/Cap| Memory-Usage | GPU-Util Compute M. |
| | | MIG M. |
|===============================+======================+======================|
| 0 NVIDIA GeForce ... Off | 00000000:01:00.0 Off | N/A |
| N/A 38C P0 N/A / N/A | 0MiB / 2048MiB | 2% Default |
| | | N/A |
+-------------------------------+----------------------+----------------------+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Processes: |
| GPU GI CI PID Type Process name GPU Memory |
| ID ID Usage |
|=============================================================================|
| No running processes found |
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------+
查询当前默认显卡, 设置默认显卡:
Alternatively, you can open your terminal and write the command:
prime-select query
to check which of the cards is your system using, and the commands
sudo prime-select nvidia
or
sudo prime-select intel
to change between the two cards and then restart the session.
- 9 安装chrome, 并配置chrome使用gpu加速:
wget https://dl.google.com/linux/direct/google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
sudo apt install ./google-chrome-stable_current_amd64.deb
https://blog.csdn.net/chijiefen1087/article/details/100854188
- 10 永久设置DNS:
未修改前, resolv.conf指向../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf
digoal@digoal-Haier5000A:~$ ll /etc/resolv.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 39 Sep 12 15:58 /etc/resolv.conf -> ../run/systemd/resolve/stub-resolv.conf
修改/etc/resolv.conf重启后立马又会变回去. 为了永久修改dns, 按如下操作:
sudo vi /etc/systemd/resolved.conf
DNS=8.8.8.8 114.114.114.114
重启systemd-resolved服务
sudo systemctl restart systemd-resolved
sudo systemctl enable systemd-resolved
重新软链/etc/resolv.conf
digoal@digoal-Haier5000A:~$ sudo mv /etc/resolv.conf /etc/resolv.conf.bak
digoal@digoal-Haier5000A:~$ sudo ln -s /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf /etc/
digoal@digoal-Haier5000A:~$ ll /etc/resolv.conf
lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root 32 Sep 12 21:46 /etc/resolv.conf -> /run/systemd/resolve/resolv.conf
重启
sudo reboot
检查当前GLOBAL DNS配置
systemd-resolve --status
DNS Servers: 8.8.8.8
114.114.114.114
检查 /etc/resolv.conf
cat /etc/resolv.conf
# This file is managed by man:systemd-resolved(8). Do not edit.
#
# This is a dynamic resolv.conf file for connecting local clients directly to
# all known uplink DNS servers. This file lists all configured search domains.
#
# Third party programs must not access this file directly, but only through the
# symlink at /etc/resolv.conf. To manage man:resolv.conf(5) in a different way,
# replace this symlink by a static file or a different symlink.
#
# See man:systemd-resolved.service(8) for details about the supported modes of
# operation for /etc/resolv.conf.
nameserver 8.8.8.8
nameserver 114.114.114.114
nameserver 192.168.28.1
使用nsloop检查是否使用了配置的DNS
digoal@digoal-Haier5000A:~$ nslookup www.baidu.com
Server: 8.8.8.8
Address: 8.8.8.8#53
Non-authoritative answer:
www.baidu.com canonical name = www.a.shifen.com.
Name: www.a.shifen.com
Address: 14.215.177.38
Name: www.a.shifen.com
Address: 14.215.177.39
三、配置macos ssh登陆Ubuntu脚本.
《Linux Mac ssh 客户端长连接防断连 - tcp心跳 TCPKeepAlive,ServerAliveInterval,ServerAliveCountMax》
《Linux/Mac ssh 自动输入密码 - expect使用》
vi haier.sh
#!/usr/bin/expect
set user "digoal"
set host "192.168.28.158"
set port "22"
set pwd "rootroot"
spawn ssh -o TCPKeepAlive=yes -o ServerAliveInterval=15 -o ServerAliveCountMax=3 $user@$host -p $port
expect {
"yes/no" { send "yes\r"; exp_continue }
"password:" { send "$pwd\r" }
}
interact
chmod 500 haier.sh
登陆ubuntu
./haier.sh
