GoTrue - User management for APIs

GoTrue is a small open-source API written in golang, that can act as a self-standing API service for handling user registration and authentication for JAM projects.

It's based on OAuth2 and JWT and will handle user signup, authentication and custom user data.

Quick Start

Create a .env file to store your own custom env vars. See example.env

1. Start the local postgres database in a postgres container: ./hack/postgresd.sh
2. Build the gotrue binary: make build . You should see an output like this:

go build -ldflags "-X github.com/supabase/gotrue/cmd.Version=`git rev-parse HEAD`"
GOOS=linux GOARCH=arm64 go build -ldflags "-X github.com/supabase/gotrue/cmd.Version=`git rev-parse HEAD`" -o gotrue-arm64

3. Execute the gotrue binary: ./gotrue (if you're on x86) ./gotrue-arm64 (if you're on arm)

Configuration

You may configure GoTrue using either a configuration file named .env, environment variables, or a combination of both. Environment variables are prefixed with GOTRUE_, and will always have precedence over values provided via file.

Top-Level

GOTRUE_SITE_URL=https://example.netlify.com/

SITE_URL - string required

The base URL your site is located at. Currently used in combination with other settings to construct URLs used in emails. Any URI that shares a host with SITE_URL is a permitted value for redirect_to params (see /authorize etc.).

URI_ALLOW_LIST - string

A comma separated list of URIs (e.g. "https://supabase.io/welcome,io.supabase.gotruedemo://logincallback") which are permitted as valid redirect_to destinations, in addition to SITE_URL. Defaults to []. Supports wildcard matching trough globbing. e.g. add *.mydomain.com/welcome -> x.mydomain.com/welcome and y.mydomain.com/welcome would be accepted.

OPERATOR_TOKEN - string Multi-instance mode only

The shared secret with an operator (usually Netlify) for this microservice. Used to verify requests have been proxied through the operator and the payload values can be trusted.

DISABLE_SIGNUP - bool

When signup is disabled the only way to create new users is through invites. Defaults to false, all signups enabled.

GOTRUE_EXTERNAL_EMAIL_ENABLED - bool

Use this to disable email signups (users can still use external oauth providers to sign up / sign in)

GOTRUE_EXTERNAL_PHONE_ENABLED - bool

Use this to disable phone signups (users can still use external oauth providers to sign up / sign in)

GOTRUE_RATE_LIMIT_HEADER - string

Header on which to rate limit the /token endpoint.

GOTRUE_RATE_LIMIT_EMAIL_SENT - string

Rate limit the number of emails sent per hr on the following endpoints: /signup, /invite, /magiclink, /recover, /otp, & /user.

GOTRUE_PASSWORD_MIN_LENGTH - int

Minimum password length, defaults to 6.

API

GOTRUE_API_HOST=localhost
PORT=9999

API_HOST - string

Hostname to listen on.

PORT (no prefix) / API_PORT - number

Port number to listen on. Defaults to 8081.

API_ENDPOINT - string Multi-instance mode only

Controls what endpoint Netlify can access this API on.

REQUEST_ID_HEADER - string

If you wish to inherit a request ID from the incoming request, specify the name in this value.

Database

GOTRUE_DB_DRIVER=mysql
DATABASE_URL=root@localhost/gotrue

DB_DRIVER - string required

Chooses what dialect of database you want. Must be mysql.

DATABASE_URL (no prefix) / DB_DATABASE_URL - string required

Connection string for the database.

GOTRUE_DB_MAX_POOL_SIZE - int

Sets the maximum number of open connections to the database. Defaults to 0 which is equivalent to an "unlimited" number of connections.

DB_NAMESPACE - string

Adds a prefix to all table names.

Migrations Note

Migrations are not applied automatically, so you will need to run them after you've built gotrue.

• If built locally: ./gotrue migrate
• Using Docker: docker run --rm gotrue gotrue migrate

Logging

LOG_LEVEL=debug # available without GOTRUE prefix (exception)
GOTRUE_LOG_FILE=/var/log/go/gotrue.log

LOG_LEVEL - string

Controls what log levels are output. Choose from panic, fatal, error, warn, info, or debug. Defaults to info.

LOG_FILE - string

If you wish logs to be written to a file, set log_file to a valid file path.

Opentracing

Currently, only the Datadog tracer is supported.

GOTRUE_TRACING_ENABLED=true
GOTRUE_TRACING_HOST=127.0.0.1
GOTRUE_TRACING_PORT=8126
GOTRUE_TRACING_TAGS="tag1:value1,tag2:value2"
GOTRUE_SERVICE_NAME="gotrue"

TRACING_ENABLED - bool

Whether tracing is enabled or not. Defaults to false.

TRACING_HOST - bool

The tracing destination.

TRACING_PORT - bool

The port for the tracing host.

TRACING_TAGS - string

A comma separated list of key:value pairs. These key value pairs will be added as tags to all opentracing spans.

SERVICE_NAME - string

The name to use for the service.

JSON Web Tokens (JWT)

GOTRUE_JWT_SECRET=supersecretvalue
GOTRUE_JWT_EXP=3600
GOTRUE_JWT_AUD=netlify

JWT_SECRET - string required

The secret used to sign JWT tokens with.

JWT_EXP - number

How long tokens are valid for, in seconds. Defaults to 3600 (1 hour).

JWT_AUD - string

The default JWT audience. Use audiences to group users.

JWT_ADMIN_GROUP_NAME - string

The name of the admin group (if enabled). Defaults to admin.

JWT_DEFAULT_GROUP_NAME - string

The default group to assign all new users to.

External Authentication Providers

We support apple, azure, bitbucket, discord, facebook, github, gitlab, google, keycloak, linkedin, notion, spotify, slack, twitch, twitter and workos for external authentication.

Use the names as the keys underneath external to configure each separately.

GOTRUE_EXTERNAL_GITHUB_ENABLED=true
GOTRUE_EXTERNAL_GITHUB_CLIENT_ID=myappclientid
GOTRUE_EXTERNAL_GITHUB_SECRET=clientsecretvaluessssh
GOTRUE_EXTERNAL_GITHUB_REDIRECT_URI=http://localhost:3000/callback

No external providers are required, but you must provide the required values if you choose to enable any.

EXTERNAL_X_ENABLED - bool

Whether this external provider is enabled or not

EXTERNAL_X_CLIENT_ID - string required

The OAuth2 Client ID registered with the external provider.

EXTERNAL_X_SECRET - string required

The OAuth2 Client Secret provided by the external provider when you registered.

EXTERNAL_X_REDIRECT_URI - string required

The URI a OAuth2 provider will redirect to with the code and state values.

EXTERNAL_X_URL - string

The base URL used for constructing the URLs to request authorization and access tokens. Used by gitlab and keycloak. For gitlab it defaults to https://gitlab.com. For keycloak you need to set this to your instance, for example: https://keycloak.example.com/auth/realms/myrealm

Apple OAuth

To try out external authentication with Apple locally, you will need to do the following:

1. Remap localhost to <my_custom_dns > in your /etc/hosts config.
2. Configure gotrue to serve HTTPS traffic over localhost by replacing ListenAndServe in api.go with:

      func (a *API) ListenAndServe(hostAndPort string) {
        log := logrus.WithField("component", "api")
        path, err := os.Getwd()
        if err != nil {
          log.Println(err)
        }
        server := &http.Server{
          Addr:    hostAndPort,
          Handler: a.handler,
        }
        done := make(chan struct{})
        defer close(done)
        go func() {
          waitForTermination(log, done)
          ctx, cancel := context.WithTimeout(context.Background(), time.Minute)
          defer cancel()
          server.Shutdown(ctx)
        }()
        if err := server.ListenAndServeTLS("PATH_TO_CRT_FILE", "PATH_TO_KEY_FILE"); err != http.ErrServerClosed {
          log.WithError(err).Fatal("http server listen failed")
        }
    }
   

3. Generate the crt and key file. See here for more information.
4. Generate the GOTRUE_EXTERNAL_APPLE_SECRET by following this post!

E-Mail

Sending email is not required, but highly recommended for password recovery. If enabled, you must provide the required values below.

GOTRUE_SMTP_HOST=smtp.mandrillapp.com
GOTRUE_SMTP_PORT=587
GOTRUE_SMTP_USER=smtp-delivery@example.com
GOTRUE_SMTP_PASS=correcthorsebatterystaple
GOTRUE_SMTP_ADMIN_EMAIL=support@example.com
GOTRUE_MAILER_SUBJECTS_CONFIRMATION="Please confirm"

SMTP_ADMIN_EMAIL - string required

The From email address for all emails sent.

SMTP_HOST - string required

The mail server hostname to send emails through.

SMTP_PORT - number required

The port number to connect to the mail server on.

SMTP_USER - string

If the mail server requires authentication, the username to use.

SMTP_PASS - string

If the mail server requires authentication, the password to use.

SMTP_MAX_FREQUENCY - number

Controls the minimum amount of time that must pass before sending another signup confirmation or password reset email. The value is the number of seconds. Defaults to 900 (15 minutes).

SMTP_SENDER_NAME - string

Sets the name of the sender. Defaults to the SMTP_ADMIN_EMAIL if not used.

MAILER_AUTOCONFIRM - bool

If you do not require email confirmation, you may set this to true. Defaults to false.

MAILER_OTP_EXP - number

Controls the duration an email link or otp is valid for.

MAILER_URLPATHS_INVITE - string

URL path to use in the user invite email. Defaults to /.

MAILER_URLPATHS_CONFIRMATION - string

URL path to use in the signup confirmation email. Defaults to /.

MAILER_URLPATHS_RECOVERY - string

URL path to use in the password reset email. Defaults to /.

MAILER_URLPATHS_EMAIL_CHANGE - string

URL path to use in the email change confirmation email. Defaults to /.

MAILER_SUBJECTS_INVITE - string

Email subject to use for user invite. Defaults to You have been invited.

MAILER_SUBJECTS_CONFIRMATION - string

Email subject to use for signup confirmation. Defaults to Confirm Your Signup.

MAILER_SUBJECTS_RECOVERY - string

Email subject to use for password reset. Defaults to Reset Your Password.

MAILER_SUBJECTS_MAGIC_LINK - string

Email subject to use for magic link email. Defaults to Your Magic Link.

MAILER_SUBJECTS_EMAIL_CHANGE - string

Email subject to use for email change confirmation. Defaults to Confirm Email Change.

MAILER_TEMPLATES_INVITE - string

URL path to an email template to use when inviting a user. SiteURL, Email, and ConfirmationURL variables are available.

Default Content (if template is unavailable):

<h2>You have been invited</h2>

<p>
  You have been invited to create a user on {{ .SiteURL }}. Follow this link to
  accept the invite:
</p>
<p><a href="{{ .ConfirmationURL }}">Accept the invite</a></p>

MAILER_TEMPLATES_CONFIRMATION - string

URL path to an email template to use when confirming a signup. SiteURL, Email, and ConfirmationURL variables are available.

Default Content (if template is unavailable):

<h2>Confirm your signup</h2>

<p>Follow this link to confirm your user:</p>
<p><a href="{{ .ConfirmationURL }}">Confirm your mail</a></p>

MAILER_TEMPLATES_RECOVERY - string

URL path to an email template to use when resetting a password. SiteURL, Email, and ConfirmationURL variables are available.

Default Content (if template is unavailable):

<h2>Reset Password</h2>

<p>Follow this link to reset the password for your user:</p>
<p><a href="{{ .ConfirmationURL }}">Reset Password</a></p>

MAILER_TEMPLATES_MAGIC_LINK - string

URL path to an email template to use when sending magic link. SiteURL, Email, and ConfirmationURL variables are available.

Default Content (if template is unavailable):

<h2>Magic Link</h2>

<p>Follow this link to login:</p>
<p><a href="{{ .ConfirmationURL }}">Log In</a></p>

MAILER_TEMPLATES_EMAIL_CHANGE - string

URL path to an email template to use when confirming the change of an email address. SiteURL, Email, NewEmail, and ConfirmationURL variables are available.

Default Content (if template is unavailable):

<h2>Confirm Change of Email</h2>

<p>
  Follow this link to confirm the update of your email from {{ .Email }} to {{
  .NewEmail }}:
</p>
<p><a href="{{ .ConfirmationURL }}">Change Email</a></p>

WEBHOOK_URL - string

Url of the webhook receiver endpoint. This will be called when events like validate, signup or login occur.

WEBHOOK_SECRET - string

Shared secret to authorize webhook requests. This secret signs the JSON Web Signature of the request. You should use this to verify the integrity of the request. Otherwise others can feed your webhook receiver with fake data.

WEBHOOK_RETRIES - number

How often GoTrue should try a failed hook.

WEBHOOK_TIMEOUT_SEC - number

Time between retries (in seconds).

WEBHOOK_EVENTS - list

Which events should trigger a webhook. You can provide a comma separated list. For example to listen to all events, provide the values validate,signup,login.

Phone Auth

SMS_AUTOCONFIRM - bool

If you do not require phone confirmation, you may set this to true. Defaults to false.

SMS_MAX_FREQUENCY - number

Controls the minimum amount of time that must pass before sending another sms otp. The value is the number of seconds. Defaults to 60 (1 minute)).

SMS_OTP_EXP - number

Controls the duration an sms otp is valid for.

SMS_OTP_LENGTH - number

Controls the number of digits of the sms otp sent.

SMS_PROVIDER - string

Available options are: twilio, messagebird, textlocal, and vonage

Then you can use your twilio credentials:

• SMS_TWILIO_ACCOUNT_SID
• SMS_TWILIO_AUTH_TOKEN
• SMS_TWILIO_MESSAGE_SERVICE_SID - can be set to your twilio sender mobile number

Or Messagebird credentials, which can be obtained in the Dashboard:

• SMS_MESSAGEBIRD_ACCESS_KEY - your Messagebird access key
• SMS_MESSAGEBIRD_ORIGINATOR - SMS sender (your Messagebird phone number with + or company name)

CAPTCHA

• If enabled, CAPTCHA will check the request body for the hcaptcha_token field and make a verification request to the CAPTCHA provider.

SECURITY_CAPTCHA_ENABLED - string

Whether captcha middleware is enabled

SECURITY_CAPTCHA_PROVIDER - string

for now the only option supported is: hcaptcha

SECURITY_CAPTCHA_SECRET - string

Retrieve from hcaptcha account

Reauthentication

SECURITY_UPDATE_PASSWORD_REQUIRE_REAUTHENTICATION - bool

Enforce reauthentication on password update.

Endpoints

GoTrue exposes the following endpoints:

GET /settings

Returns the publicly available settings for this gotrue instance.

{
  "external": {
    "apple": true,
    "azure": true,
    "bitbucket": true,
    "discord": true,
    "facebook": true,
    "github": true,
    "gitlab": true,
    "google": true,
    "keycloak": true,
    "linkedin": true,
    "notion": true,
    "slack": true,
    "spotify": true,
    "twitch": true,
    "twitter": true,
    "workos": true,
  },
  "disable_signup": false,
  "autoconfirm": false
}

POST, PUT /admin/users/<user_id>

Creates (POST) or Updates (PUT) the user based on the user_id specified. The ban_duration field accepts the following time units: "ns", "us", "ms", "s", "m", "h". See time.ParseDuration for more details on the format used.

headers:
{
  "Authorization": "Bearer eyJhbGciOiJI...M3A90LCkxxtX9oNP9KZO" // admin role required
}

body:
{
  "role": "test-user",
  "email": "email@example.com",
  "phone": "12345678",
  "password": "secret", // only if type = signup
  "email_confirm": true,
  "phone_confirm": true,
  "user_metadata": {},
  "app_metadata": {},
  "ban_duration": "24h" or "none" // to unban a user
}

POST /admin/generate_link

Returns the corresponding email action link based on the type specified.

headers:
{
  "Authorization": "Bearer eyJhbGciOiJI...M3A90LCkxxtX9oNP9KZO" // admin role required
}

body:
{
  "type": "signup" or "magiclink" or "recovery" or "invite",
  "email": "email@example.com",
  "password": "secret", // only if type = signup
  "data": {
    ...
  }, // only if type = signup
  "redirect_to": "https://supabase.io" // Redirect URL to send the user to after an email action. Defaults to SITE_URL.

}

Returns

{
  "action_link": "http://localhost:9999/verify?token=TOKEN&type=TYPE&redirect_to=REDIRECT_URL",
  ...
}

POST /signup

Register a new user with an email and password.

{
  "email": "email@example.com",
  "password": "secret"
}

returns:

{
  "id": "11111111-2222-3333-4444-5555555555555",
  "email": "email@example.com",
  "confirmation_sent_at": "2016-05-15T20:49:40.882805774-07:00",
  "created_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00",
  "updated_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00"
}

// if sign up is a duplicate then faux data will be returned
// as to not leak information about whether a given email
// has an account with your service or not

Register a new user with a phone number and password.

{
  "phone": "12345678", // follows the E.164 format
  "password": "secret"
}

Returns:

{
  "id": "11111111-2222-3333-4444-5555555555555", // if duplicate sign up, this ID will be faux
  "phone": "12345678",
  "confirmation_sent_at": "2016-05-15T20:49:40.882805774-07:00",
  "created_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00",
  "updated_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00"
}

if AUTOCONFIRM is enabled and the sign up is a duplicate, then the endpoint will return:

{
  "code":400,
  "msg":"User already registered"
}

POST /invite

Invites a new user with an email. This endpoint requires the service_role or supabase_admin JWT set as an Auth Bearer header:

e.g.

headers: {
  "Authorization" : "Bearer eyJhbGciOiJI...M3A90LCkxxtX9oNP9KZO"
}

{
  "email": "email@example.com"
}

Returns:

{
  "id": "11111111-2222-3333-4444-5555555555555",
  "email": "email@example.com",
  "confirmation_sent_at": "2016-05-15T20:49:40.882805774-07:00",
  "created_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00",
  "updated_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00",
  "invited_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00"
}

POST /verify

Verify a registration or a password recovery. Type can be signup or recovery or invite and the token is a token returned from either /signup or /recover.

{
  "type": "signup",
  "token": "confirmation-code-delivered-in-email"
}

password is required for signup verification if no existing password exists.

Returns:

{
  "access_token": "jwt-token-representing-the-user",
  "token_type": "bearer",
  "expires_in": 3600,
  "refresh_token": "a-refresh-token",
  "type": "signup | recovery | invite"
}

Verify a phone signup or sms otp. Type should be set to sms.

{
  "type": "sms",
  "token": "confirmation-otp-delivered-in-sms",
  "redirect_to": "https://supabase.io",
  "phone": "phone-number-sms-otp-was-delivered-to"
}

Returns:

{
  "access_token": "jwt-token-representing-the-user",
  "token_type": "bearer",
  "expires_in": 3600,
  "refresh_token": "a-refresh-token"
}

GET /verify

Verify a registration or a password recovery. Type can be signup or recovery or magiclink or invite and the token is a token returned from either /signup or /recover or /magiclink.

query params:

{
  "type": "signup",
  "token": "confirmation-code-delivered-in-email",
  "redirect_to": "https://supabase.io"
}

User will be logged in and redirected to:

SITE_URL/#access_token=jwt-token-representing-the-user&token_type=bearer&expires_in=3600&refresh_token=a-refresh-token&type=invite

Your app should detect the query params in the fragment and use them to set the session (supabase-js does this automatically)

You can use the type param to redirect the user to a password set form in the case of invite or recovery, or show an account confirmed/welcome message in the case of signup, or direct them to some additional onboarding flow

POST /otp

One-Time-Password. Will deliver a magiclink or sms otp to the user depending on whether the request body contains an "email" or "phone" key.

If "create_user": true, user will not be automatically signed up if the user doesn't exist.

{
  "phone": "12345678" // follows the E.164 format
  "create_user": true
}

OR

// exactly the same as /magiclink
{
  "email": "email@example.com"
  "create_user": true
}

Returns:

{}

POST /magiclink (recommended to use /otp instead. See above.)

Magic Link. Will deliver a link (e.g. /verify?type=magiclink&token=fgtyuf68ddqdaDd) to the user based on email address which they can use to redeem an access_token.

By default Magic Links can only be sent once every 60 seconds

{
  "email": "email@example.com"
}

Returns:

{}

when clicked the magic link will redirect the user to <SITE_URL>#access_token=x&refresh_token=y&expires_in=z&token_type=bearer&type=magiclink (see /verify above)

POST /recover

Password recovery. Will deliver a password recovery mail to the user based on email address.

By default recovery links can only be sent once every 60 seconds

{
  "email": "email@example.com"
}

Returns:

{}

POST /token

This is an OAuth2 endpoint that currently implements the password and refresh_token grant types

query params:

?grant_type=password

body:

// Email login
{
  "email": "name@domain.com",
  "password": "somepassword"
}

// Phone login
{
  "phone": "12345678",
  "password": "somepassword"
}

or

query params:

grant_type=refresh_token

body:

{
  "refresh_token": "a-refresh-token"
}

Once you have an access token, you can access the methods requiring authentication by settings the Authorization: Bearer YOUR_ACCESS_TOKEN_HERE header.

Returns:

{
  "access_token": "jwt-token-representing-the-user",
  "token_type": "bearer",
  "expires_in": 3600,
  "refresh_token": "a-refresh-token"
}

GET /user

Get the JSON object for the logged in user (requires authentication)

Returns:

{
  "id": "11111111-2222-3333-4444-5555555555555",
  "email": "email@example.com",
  "confirmation_sent_at": "2016-05-15T20:49:40.882805774-07:00",
  "created_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00",
  "updated_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00"
}

PUT /user

Update a user (Requires authentication). Apart from changing email/password, this method can be used to set custom user data. Changing the email will result in a magiclink being sent out.

{
  "email": "new-email@example.com",
  "password": "new-password",
  "data": {
    "key": "value",
    "number": 10,
    "admin": false
  }
}

Returns:

{
  "id": "11111111-2222-3333-4444-5555555555555",
  "email": "email@example.com",
  "email_change_sent_at": "2016-05-15T20:49:40.882805774-07:00",
  "created_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00",
  "updated_at": "2016-05-15T19:53:12.368652374-07:00"
}

If GOTRUE_SECURITY_UPDATE_PASSWORD_REQUIRE_REAUTHENTICATION is enabled, the user will need to reauthenticate first.

{
  "password": "new-password",
  "nonce": "123456",
}

GET /reauthenticate

Sends a nonce to the user's email (preferred) or phone. This endpoint requires the user to be logged in / authenticated first. The user needs to have either an email or phone number for the nonce to be sent successfully.

headers: {
  "Authorization" : "Bearer eyJhbGciOiJI...M3A90LCkxxtX9oNP9KZO"
}

POST /logout

Logout a user (Requires authentication).

This will revoke all refresh tokens for the user. Remember that the JWT tokens will still be valid for stateless auth until they expires.

GET /authorize

Get access_token from external oauth provider

query params:

provider=apple | azure | bitbucket | discord | facebook | github | gitlab | google | keycloak | linkedin | notion | slack | spotify | twitch | twitter | workos

scopes=<optional additional scopes depending on the provider (email and name are requested by default)>

Redirects to provider and then to /callback

For apple specific setup see: https://github.com/supabase/gotrue#apple-oauth

GET /callback

External provider should redirect to here

Redirects to <GOTRUE_SITE_URL>#access_token=<access_token>&refresh_token=<refresh_token>&provider_token=<provider_oauth_token>&expires_in=3600&provider=<provider_name> If additional scopes were requested then provider_token will be populated, you can use this to fetch additional data from the provider or interact with their services