es6.md

ES6/ECMAScript2015 Cheatsheet

ES6 is the new JavaScript.

This is a brief cheatsheet to look up the syntax of some of the ES6 features. It assumes you know how they work. If not, check Top 10 ES6 Features Every Busy JavaScript Developer Must Know for the detailed explanation.

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Installation

Babel:

• CLI: $ npm install -g babel-cli
• Require: $ npm install -g babel-core
• Browser: <script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/babel-core/5.8.34/browser.js"></script>
• Gulp: $ npm install --save-dev gulp-babel

Usage

• CLI: $ babel script.js or $ babel script.js
• Require: require("babel-core/register");
• Browser: <script type="text/babel"></script>

Gulp:

var gulp = require('gulp'),
  babel = require('gulp-babel')

gulp.task('build', function () {
  return gulp.src('src/app.js')
    .pipe(babel())
    .pipe(gulp.dest('build'))
})

Default Parameters in ES6

var link = function(height = 50, color = 'red', url = 'http://azat.co') {
  ...
}

Template Literals in ES6

var name = `Your name is ${first} ${last}.`
var url = `http://localhost:3000/api/messages/${id}`

Multi-line Strings in ES6

var roadPoem = `Then took the other, as just as fair,
	And having perhaps the better claim
	Because it was grassy and wanted wear,
	Though as for that the passing there
	Had worn them really about the same,`

var fourAgreements = `You have the right to be you.
	You can only be you when you do your best.`

Destructuring Assignment in ES6

var { house, mouse} = $('body').data() // we'll get house and mouse variables

var {json} = require('body-parser')

var {username, password} = req.body

var [col1, col2]  = $('.column'),
  [line1, line2, line3, , line5] = file.split('\n')

Enhanced Object Literals in ES6

var serviceBase = {port: 3000, url: 'azat.co'},
    getAccounts = function(){return [1,2,3]}
var accountService = {
    __proto__: serviceBase,
    getAccounts,
    toString() {
     return JSON.stringify((super.valueOf()))
    },
	getUrl() {return "http://" + this.url + ':' + this.port},
    [ 'valueOf_' + getAccounts().join('_') ]: getAccounts()
};
console.log(accountService)    

Arrow Functions in ES6

$('.btn').click((event) =>{
  this.sendData()
})

var logUpperCase = function() {
  this.string = this.string.toUpperCase()
  return () => console.log(this.string)
}

logUpperCase.call({ string: 'es6 rocks' })()

var ids = ['5632953c4e345e145fdf2df8','563295464e345e145fdf2df9']
var messages = ids.map(value => `ID is ${value}`) // implicit return

var ids = ['5632953c4e345e145fdf2df8','563295464e345e145fdf2df9']
var messages = ids.map((value, index, list) => `ID of ${index} element is ${value} `) // implicit return

Promises in ES6

var wait1000 = new Promise((resolve, reject)=> {
  setTimeout(resolve, 1000)
}).then(()=> {
  console.log('Yay!')
})

var wait1000 = ()=> new Promise((resolve, reject)=> {setTimeout(resolve, 1000)})

wait1000()
    .then(function() {
        console.log('Yay!')
        return wait1000()
    })
    .then(function() {
        console.log('Wheeyee!')
    });

Block-Scoped Constructs Let and Const

function calculateTotalAmount (vip) {
  var amount = 0 // probably should also be let, but you can mix var and let
  if (vip) {
    let amount = 1 // first amount is still 0
  }
  { // more crazy blocks!
    let amount = 100 // first amount is still 0
    {
      let amount = 1000 // first amount is still 0
      }
  }  
  return amount
}

console.log(calculateTotalAmount(true))

function calculateTotalAmount (vip) {
  const amount = 0  
  if (vip) {
    const amount = 1
  }
  { // more crazy blocks!
    const amount = 100
    {
      const amount = 1000
      }
  }  
  return amount
}

console.log(calculateTotalAmount(true))

Classes in ES6

class baseModel {
  constructor(options = {}, data = []) { // class constructor
		this.name = 'Base'
    this.url = 'http://azat.co/api'
		this.data = data
    this.options = options
	}

	getName() { // class method
		console.log(`Class name: ${this.name}`)
	}
}

class AccountModel extends baseModel {
	constructor(options, data) {
    super({private: true}, ['32113123123', '524214691']) //call the parent method with super
		this.name = 'Account Model'
    this.url +='/accounts/'
	}
	get accountsData() { //calculated attribute getter
    // ... make XHR
		return this.data
	}
}

let accounts = new AccountModel(5)
accounts.getName()
console.log('Data is %s', accounts.accountsData)

The output is:

Class name: Account Model
Data is %s 32113123123,524214691

Modules in ES6

module.js file:

export var port = 3000
export function getAccounts(url) {
 ...
}

main.js file:

import {port, getAccounts} from 'module'
console.log(port) // 3000

Or import everything as a variable service in main.js:

import * as service from 'module'
console.log(service.port) // 3000

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More ES6 Features

1. New Math, Number, String, Array and Object methods
2. Binary and octal number types
3. Default rest spread
4. For of comprehensions (hello again mighty CoffeeScript!)
5. Symbols
6. Tail calls
7. Generators
8. New data structures like Map and Set

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Resources

1. Learn ES2015
2. ES6 REPL
3. ES6 Fiddle
4. Understanding ECMAScript 6 by Nicolas Zakas book
5. Exploring ES6 by Dr. Axel Rauschmayer
6. You Don't Know JS: ES6 & Beyond by By Kyle Simpson